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100-186
• • RECEIVED JUN 01 2016 STATE OF ALASKA ALASKA OIL AND GAS CONSERVATION COMMISSION WELL COMPLETION OR RECOMPLETION REPORT AND 0 la.Well Status: Oil ❑ Gas❑ SPLUG ❑ Other ❑ Abandoned Ei Suspended[�, lb.Well Class: 20AAC 25.105 20AAC 25.110 Development ❑ Exploratory LJ GINJ ❑ WINJ ❑ WAGE WDSPL❑ No. of Completions: Service ❑ Stratigraphic Test ❑ 2.Operator Name: 6. Date Comp.,Susp., or ✓ 14. Permit to Drill Number/ Sundry: Bureau of Land Management Aband.:4/2/16 100-1860 3.Address: 7.Date Spudded: 15.API Number: 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 03-08-50 50-279-10024-00-00 4a.Location of Well(Governmental Section): 8. Date TD Reached: 16.Well Name and Number: Surface: W,Sec.2,T. 18 N, R. 11W,M. Umiat 23-10-50 Simpson Core Test No.26 • Top of Productive Interval: 9. Ref Elevations: KB:Z5ft " 17. Field/Pool(s): W,Sec.2,T. 18 N, R. 11W,M. Umiat GL: 20ft BF: NPRA 1 Exploratory Total Depth: 10. Plug Back Depth MD/TVD: 18. Property Designation: W,Sec.2,T. 18 N, R. 11W,M. Umiat 57' FED-NPRA 4b.Location of Well(State Base Plane Coordinates, NAD 27): 11.Total Depth MD/TVD: 19. Land Use Permit: Surface: x- 1,555,261.14 y- 6,190,930.14 Zone- 5 1171' NA TPI: x- 1,555,261.14 y- 6,190,930.14 Zone- 5 12.SSSV Depth MD/TVD: 20.Thickness of Permafrost MD/TVD: Total Depth: x- 1,555,261.14 y- 6,190,930.14 Zone- 5 NA UKN 5. Directional or Inclination Survey: Yes ❑(attached) No E 13.Water Depth,if Offshore: 21. Re-drill/Lateral Top Window MD/TVD: Submit electronic and printed information per 20 AAC 25.050 NA (ft MSL) NA 22. Logs Obtained: List all logs run and, pursuant to AS 31.05.030 and 20 AAC 25.071,submit all electronic data and printed logs within 90 days of completion,suspension,or abandonment,whichever occurs first.Types of logs to be listed includ iF UTTEt limited to: mud log,spontaneous potential, gamma ray,caliper, resistivity,porosity, magnetic resonance,dipmeter,formation tester,temperature,cement evaluation,casing collar locator,jewelry,and perforation record. Acronyms may be used.Attach a separate page if necessary None SCANNED OCT 3 12D18 23. CASING, LINER AND CEMENTING RECORD WT. PER SETTING DEPTH MD SETTING DEPTH TVD AMOUNT CASING FT GRADE TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM HOLE SIZE CEMENTING RECORD PULLED 8.625 29 Ukn 0 350 0 350 10.625 110 Sks cal-seal 0 24.Open to production or injection? Yes ❑ No C 25.TUBING RECORD If Yes,list each interval open(MD/TVD of Top and Bottom; Perforation SIZE DEPTH SET(MD) PACKER SET(MD/TVD) Size and Number): NA NA NA _ 'lPLETION 26.ACID, FRACTURE,CEMENT SQUEEZE, ETC. D T Was hydraulic fracturing used during completion? Yes EINo 4/i (p Per 20 AAC 25.283(i)(2)attach electronic and printed information -IED DEPTH INTERVAL(MD) AMOUNT AND KIND OF MATERIAL USED 1,(-' NA NA 27 PRODUCTION TEST Date First Production: Method of Operation(Flowing,gas lift,etc.): NA NA Date of Test: 'Hours Tested: Production for Oil-Bbl: Gas-MCF: Water-Bbl: Choke Size: Gas-Oil Ratio: NA NA Test Period —♦NA NA NA NA NA Flow Tubing Casing Press: Calculated Oil-Bbl: Gas-MCF: Water-Bbl: Oil Gravity-API(corr): Press. NA NA 24-Hour Rate — NA NA NA NA Form 10-407 Revise 11/2015 tY2� CONTINUED ON PAGE 2 Submit ORIGINIAL only tib gf$ `� RBDMS I?" JUN 0 2 2016 • • 28.CORE DATA Conventional Core(s): Yes ❑ No El Sidewall Cores: Yes ❑ No Q If Yes,list formations and intervals cored(MD/TVD, From/To),and summarize lithology and presence of oil,gas or water(submit separate pages with this form, if needed).Submit detailed descriptions,core chips,photographs,and all subsequent laboratory analytical results per 20 AAC 25.071. 29. GEOLOGIC MARKERS (List all formations and markers encountered): 30. FORMATION TESTS NAME MD TVD Well tested? Yes ❑ No ❑✓ Permafrost-Top Surface Surface If yes,list intervals and formations tested,briefly summarizing test results. Permafrost-Base Ukn Ukn Attach separate pages to this form,if needed,and submit detailed test Top of Productive Interval None None information,including reports,per 20 AAC 25.071. Formation at total depth: 31. List of Attachments: Summary of daily operations,wellbore schematic and photos. Information to be attached includes,but is not limited to:summary of daily operations,wellbore schematic,directional or inclination survey,core analysis, paleontological report,production or well test results,per 20 AAC 25.070. 32. I hereby certify that the foregoing is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. Contact: Lucas Munisteri Email: lucas.munlsteric solstenxp.com Printed Name: Title: Drilling Engineer L Signature: — rte' Phone: 907-279-6900 Date: . J Q-95 1C - \U- Le_ INSTRUCTIONS General: This form and the required attachments provide a complete and concise record for each well drilled in Alaska. Submit a well schematic diagram with each 10-407 well completion report and 10-404 well sundry report when the downhole well design is changed.All laboratory analytical reports regarding samples or tests from a well must be submitted to the AOGCC,no matter when the analyses are conducted. Item 1a: Multiple completion is defined as a well producing from more than one pool with production from each pool completely segregated.Each segregated pool is a completion. Item 1 b: Well Class-Service wells:Gas Injection,Water Injection,Water-Altemating-Gas Injection,Salt Water Disposal,Water Supply for Injection, Observation,or Other. Item 4b: TPI(Top of Producing Interval). Item 9: The Kelly Bushing,Ground Level,and Base Flange elevations in feet above Mean Sea Level. Use same as reference for depth measurements given in other spaces on this form and in any attachments. Item 15: The API number reported to AOGCC must be 14 digits(ex:50-029-20123-00-00). Item 20: Report measured depth and true vertical thickness of permafrost.Provide MD and TVD for the top and base of permafrost in Box 29. Item 22: Review the reporting requirements of 20 AAC 25.071 and,pursuant to AS 31.05.030,submit all electronic data and printed logs within 90 days of completion,suspension,or abandonment,whichever occurs first. Item 23: Attached supplemental records should show the details of any multiple stage cementing and the location of the cementing tool. Item 24: If this well is completed for separate production from more than one interval(multiple completion),so state in item 1,and in item 23 show the producing intervals for only the interval reported in item 26.(Submit a separate form for each additional interval to be separately produced, showing the data pertinent to such interval). Item 27: Method of Operation:Flowing,Gas Lift,Rod Pump,Hydraulic Pump,Submersible,Water Injection,Gas Injection,Shut-in,or Other(explain). Item 28: Provide a listing of intervals cored and the corresponding formations,and a brief description in this box.Pursuant to 20 AAC 25.071,submit detailed descriptions,core chips,photographs,and all subsequent laboratory analytical results,including,but not limited to:porosity, permeability,fluid saturation,fluid composition,fluid fluorescence,vitrinite reflectance,geochemical,or paleontology. Item 30: Provide a listing of intervals tested and the corresponding formation,and a brief summary in this box. Submit detailed test and analytical laboratory information required by 20 AAC 25.071. Item 31: Pursuant to 20 AAC 25.070,attach to this form:well schematic diagram,summary of daily well operations,directional or inclination survey,and other tests as required including,but not limited to:core analysis,paleontological report,production or well test results. Form 10-407 Revised 11/2015 Submit ORIGINAL Only • • RECEIVED JUN 01 2016 t AOGCC SOLSTEN, P MARSHCREEK 10 May 2016 Rob Brumbaugh Minerals Specialist Bureau of Land Management 222 West 7th Avenue#13 Anchorage,Alaska 99513 RE: Simpson Core Test Well No. 26, Report of Sundry Well Operations for Final Plug and Abandonment Dear Mr. Brumbaugh, Please find the attached AOGCC 10-407 and BLM 3160-3 forms,supporting documentation for the final plug and abandonment of the Simpson Core Test Well No. 26. If you have any questions regarding the enclosed information, please contact me by email at lucas.munisteri@solstenxp.com or call me at 264-6114. Sincerely, Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer SolstenXP Inc. 406 West Fireweed Lane Anchorage Alaska 99503 (907) 279-6900 • • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT ra r 10 May 2016 Guy Schwartz Senior Petroleum Engineer Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission 333 West 7th Avenue, Suite 100 Anchorage, AK 99501 RE: Simpson Core Test Well No. 26, Report of Sundry Well Operations for Final Plug and Abandonment Dear Mr. Schwartz, Please find the attached from 10-407 and supporting documentation for the final plug and abandonment of the Simpson Core Test Well No. 26. If you have any questions regarding the enclosed information, please contact me by email at rbrumbaugh@blm.gov or call me at (907) 271-4429. Sincerely, Rob Brumbaugh Minerals Specialist Bureau of Land Management 222 West 7th Avenue#13 Anchorage,Alaska 99513 • Form 3160-5 UNITED STATES FORM APPROVED (April 2004) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OMearch 3 h31,1,2 Expires::MMar2007 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT 5. Lease Serial Na SUNDRY NOTICES AND REPORTS ON WELLS Do not use this form for proposals to drill or to re-enter an 6. If Indian,Allottee or Tribe Name abandoned well. Use Form 3160-3 (APD) for such proposals. SUBMIT IN TRIPLICATE- Other instructions on reverse side. 7. If Unit or CA/Agreement,Name and/or No. 1. Type of II LiOil Well E ❑Gas Well ii ❑✓ Other 8. Well Name and Na 2. Name of Operator Bureau of Land Management Simpson Core Test 26 9. API Well No. 3a Address 3b. Phone No.(include area code) 50-279-10024-00-00 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 907-271-4429 10.Field and Pool,or Exploratory Area 4. Location of Well (Footage,Sec.,T,R,M,or Survey Description) NPR-Alaska Lat:70°55'54.86786"N Sec.11,T.18N,R.11W,M.Umiat 11. County or Parish, State Long:154°42'41.95660"W North Slope Borough,Alaska 12. CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES)TO INDICATE NATURE OF NOTICE, REPORT, OR OTHER DATA TYPE OF SUBMISSION TYPE OF ACTION ❑Acidize El Deepen El Production (Start/Resume) El Water Shut-Off ❑Notice of Intent ❑Alter Casing ❑Fracture Treat El Reclamation El Well Integrity ❑✓ Subsequent Report El Casing Repair ❑New Construction ❑Recomplete ❑Other ElChange Plans 0 Plug and Abandon El Temporarily Abandon ElFinal Abandonment Notice ❑Convert to Injection ❑Plug Back El Water Disposal 13. Describe Proposed or Completed Operation(clearly state all pertinent details,including estimated starting date of any proposed work and approximate duration thereof. If the proposal is to deepen directionally or recomplete horizontally,give subsurface locations and measured and true vertical depths of all pertinent markers and zones. Attach the Bond under which the work will be performed or provide the Bond No. on file with BLMBIA. Required subsequent reports shall be filed within 30 days following completion of the involved operations. If the operation results in a multiple completion or recompletion in a new interval,a Form 3160-4 shall be filed once testing has been completed. Final Abandonment Notices shall be filed only after all requirements,including reclamation,have been completed,and the operator has determined that the site is ready for final inspection.) Final abandonment was attempted but unsuccesful due to unforseen well conditions. See attached document: 14. 1 hereby certify that the foregoing is true and correct Name(Printed/Typed) Lucas Munisteri Title Drilling Engineer Signature Vii_ w — Date 05/10/2016 THIS SPACE FOR FEDERAL OR STATE OFFICE USE Approved by_ Title Date Conditions of approval,if any,are attached. Approval of this notice does not warrant or certify that the applicant holds legal or equitable title to those rights in the subject lease Office which would entitle the applicant to conduct operations thereon. Title 18 U.S.C. Section 1001 and Title 43 U.S.C.Section 1212, make it a crime for any person knowingly and willfully to make to any department or agency of the United States any false,fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations as to any matter within its jurisdiction. (Instructions on page 2) 0 0 Bureau of Land Management End of Well Report NPRA Legacy Wells Remediation 10 May 2016 Simpson Core Test No. 26 API Well Number: 50-279-10024-00-00 Permit to Drill Number: 100-1860 Field: NPRA Township: 18N Range: 11W Section: 11 Meridian: Umiat Latitude:70°55'54.86786" N Longitude: 154°42'41.95660" W Datum: NAD 83 Spud: 13 Aug 1950 Completion Date: 23 Oct 1950 Status Date: 2 Apr 2016 Status:Attempted Abandonment Final Plug and Abandon Report Arrived on site on 19 March and began rigging up on the well to test fro communication in the tubing and found the well was full of crude oil.Attempted to establish circulation and the length of the tubing string with 9.6 ppg brine and saw brine returns after 1 bbl of fluid pumped. Checked the well and there was no tubing hanging from the well flange. Opened the well up and began to thaw the fluid in the well and at 50 feet brine began flowing up the outside of the casing. Came up with a plan forward on cementing the well. Obtained an injection rate on the well and then began to bull head 24 bbl of cement into the well and after 10 bbl pumped away, cement began flowing up around the outside of the well. Returned to the well a week later and the cement had fallen 24 feet into the well.Topped the well off with cement and waited 24 hours to cut the casing. When the casing was cut, it was full of oil. W marker plate was welded on the well. To identify a top of good cement the well was opened up and the pipe was run in the well to locate the top of the plug. After 57 feet the plug was not located, but the pipe began to get sticky.The decision was made not to go further in the well to prevent from getting the pipe stuck in the well. The cap was re-welded in place,and the well was buried until further work can take place to complete this well. 10May 2016 Wage Page • • Arrival Status Departure Status • • Work Procedure 18 March 2016 Safety meeting- moving equipment, line of sight,while using Crane. Move equipment to well#26. Set up scaffolding,tarp in heat up well. 19 March 2016 Safety meeting-went over proper fitting when making up the crossover,the difference between high pressure and low pressure. Checking for pressure when opening valves. Heat up air compressor,free up valves on the wellhead, rig up air to tubing and blow air through the tubing, crude oil return out annulus. Well unable to flow naturally. A lead line was not run because the well was full of oil. Heat up mix water, build 13bbls 9.6 ppg brine,circulate down tubing, crude oil returns out annulus, after lbbl crude oil back, brine returns. Move cement unit to well 29, set on rig mat and heat up. 20 March 2016 Safety meeting- pinch points,working on scaffolding, check slings before use. Remove top flange from the wellhead, no tubing hanging below flange bolted to the casing. Run 44' of tubing tag up on an obstruction. Heat up brine to 100 degrees. Thaw down to 50', well flowing up around the outside of the casing, pull the tubing out of the hole. Install top flange on well, remove heat from well, let freeze back. Shut casing in,well flow out casing until flow stopped around outside of the casing, Shovel up flow back around the casing. Let well freeze around casing. 21 March 2016 Safety meeting-close call review. Went over well control,checking for pressure. Check well pressure 20 psi, establish injection rate at of 1 bpm at 100 psi. Pump fluid out of brine tank and return tank, clean out tanks, move away from well. 10May 2016 21 ; c w • Rig down scaffolding and equipment. Unload crane and set up, unload cement super sacks. Heat up cement unit and fill with fresh water. 27 to 30 mph winds, unable to mix cement.Clean up tools and return to camp for the day. 22 March 2016 Safety meeting-pumping cement,watch for flow around the casing,crane work. Test out cement unit. Get ready to cement. Mix 24 bbls cement and pump into well at 150psi.After 10 bbls pumped flow around the casing.Clean up cement and cement unit. 30 March 2016 Returned to check well for cement in the casing.The casing was empty at the surface. Checked for pressure in the casing and there was none. Opened top valve to well and ran 16oz plumb bob in the well and tagged obstruction at 24 ft. Pulled plumb bob and had cement on the very tip of the plumb bob. Re-ran the plumb bob 4 more times at a free fall and returned to the surface with the same result.There was no fluid in the well from the surface to 24'. 31 March 2016 Checked well for pressure,and there was no pressure. Unbolted the top flange from the well. Mixed and poured 1.7 bbl of 13.2 ppg cement to top off the well. Samples setup under ambient conditions in 1.5 hours. Bolted the flange back on the well and shut the well in.Oil started to flow around the outside of the well. 1 April 2016 Arrived at the well to check the fluid level in the well.Tapped casing with hammer and well sounded solid. Opened the casing valve to check for pressure and there was no pressure in the well. Returned to well site with the equipment necessary to cut the casing off. Obtained approval from both the BLM and AOGCC to cut the casing off at the surface since the well is located in a natural oil seep. Checked the well for pressure and the area for gas-neither were detected. Proceeded to cut the casing off at ground level managing oil around the outside of the casing igniting. When the casing was pulled off with the excavator, it was full of a thick fluid. Called BLM to discuss plan forward. It was determined that a sample of the fluid at the surface would be taken to determine what it was.The marker plate would be welded on, and the well would be buried under a mound of gravel for future locating. The fluid sample turned out to be pure oil with no cement solids. Reported this information back to the BLM. 2 April 2016 Marsh Creek personnel utilized the 1"threaded pipe and some other parts to build a 31.5' probe.A threaded 'T' handle was fabricated for the top,and a 3" round plate with weep holes on the bottom completed the probe.A bulldozer was used to assist with removing the mounded gravel for access to the well cap 10May 2016 3IPage • • which was removed using a grinder. The well contained brown viscous oil at the surface. The probe was slowly lowered into the well until it reached 27' bgs at which time an additional 10.5' pipe section was threaded on. When the probe reached approximately 37' bgs, progress was temporarily halted until further direction was received.The crew was directed to attempt adding 1-2 more sections of pipe with the primary purpose of finding a former plug at 40 to 45' bgs.Two more sections of 10.5' pipe were threaded on to the probe one at a time as it was lowered into the well. At approximately 52' bgs, the probe stopped falling and required applied force to continue advancing. Progress became increasingly more difficult until the decision was made to stop at 57' bgs for fear that the probe would be too difficult to remove and disassemble without losing it downhole. The probe was slowly pulled out of the well; it was cleaned and disassembled. Once the probe was removed,the top of the casing, cap, and plate were cleaned. The cap and plate were welded on, and gravel was re-mounded over the top. Well Operations Photos rill r. , r ti • a: 'a" Setting up on site. 10 May 2016 4I ; n ,y • tr 111 PP i ta .. - At .. .' ...--_.4 ,, 0 j _ q Erecting scaffolding around the well ij ilk i 1 9 • 'iø it 014', i 4 Checking for communication 10May 2016 51 Page 411 • f` 1 i 4...T".*:, • . . , ,, .4i i . . 1„ '"- , /11 .. iit ,.., 0 ,. :...,, I _ , ., ,., ,,,. r . , 4., :,, ,i1., , ,,, _,. -, , ... . . , .... , ,,,,,,,,. 0.4 F Flow up outside of casing 5 @ q I t t '11:— 171 �i ., 5 L , S:t t � , ,;7,;,;,.; ,,,,.......i_. _........._. ;_, iiiii,o, 1::. �r _ / ram v ..-.-r'1. -------, .... • Mixing and pumping cement 10 May 2016 6 I r a : c: ' . • : • . ® 1 . ±/ \ » \ : . �� '© � <2<d w tip* Cement pool around casing % y . ' � . } ���«»��4 y..�. } � 6�� . . , � � z ' « «: :. ± i, ± . \»�s � ,y , / a\ y,,, y . « » ; 2 2 . :?‘1f-* \a/»2/ /: a , .�} { �< . \ \ © « . ', wA Topping well off 10 May 2016 7 IPE 2 c • .fin" r ,...0.;F:...,-rit-.741*-,i,- IIPf' •lf r Js 1�'• ' *,^ Casing after cut 1 qr t- & e aet k .,' -''''.,4 Welded marker plate Ate. r - :. r, r>1 r - . Burring casing stump at ground level 10 May 2°16 Wage • Opened well backuwp to load test plug .r a to,�j,� e' { Jt 4, 2,1 44( "1111 00R 1'eW"ts 1,E Plug testing tool 9 10 May 2016 � eF • .,',7:41::7,::-..wi'''''''''''''''''''''' '' '741r4rii' 0,4°'-':-.7''''''''''' ''' 111: --40/**CIS 'jig. ,,,* ';.:;,,.. ,i A Yet w. litip, `■ '^ ' 0 -i ' '-'10,', 4/10. ' . ,,,,ii,;,14 g t1.; R` ki t' ' 2 Running tool into well .may Ar kilf ' '' 9'" .el . ,,,,,t � � 4y ',..,:#44.4,..;„ p, .. ., ,i., Resistance met at 57 feet 10 May 2016 10 • • , 4 r •% ` ' " r ;<<.. o4 „ ; • • RKB GROUND LEVEL J// CEMENT - 350' HEIGHT - 110 SKS CAL-SEAL MARS HCRE EK 10.625'HOLE • UNKNOWN WELL FLUIDS 350' MD/TVD 8.625" 29# CASING + WELL CURRENTLY ON VACUUM 350' MD/TVD EST. 220' MD / TVD 236' MD / TVD • 00••040.sw••• PERFORATIONS 144 SHOTS O•••••••••••••••O•••••v: 289' TO 325' MD/TVD I � _'�❖••p••.�•❖• .❖�� � I CEMENT - 156' HEIGHT l'444.:40:440:4444,'. - 36 SKS ARCTIC SET •'•��::+:40:ity:4350' MD / TVD •••�" EST. 394' MD / TVD EST. 415' MD / TVD 7.625" HOLE — — — 550' MD/TVD — -• - BRINE — - UNKNOWN WEIGHT — 550' MD / TVD 560' MD / TVD 600' MD / TVD • DRILLING FLUID 652' MD / TVD - 10.6 PPG v V V V' V V V G • vvvv • • , v v v v v vvvv v • 780' MD / TVD v v 7 • vV VV• Ilii ✓ vv -:- • v v V v v r BHA ABANDONED DOWN HOLE 6.175" HOLE " V V V AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL FISHING 1,171' MD/TVD V V V TWO FISH SUSPECTED IN HOLE AND ✓ V v v 895' MD / TVD ONE FISHING STRING • V V V `. C' V V V C V v V V • V v V V v • V `,.. • V V V V 2 • V V V V V r V • VVV • • VV VVVV r • V • V V • • v vvv v v LEGEND • V V • • V V vvv , • CEMENT • v V V ` 1 DRILLING FLUID CEI DIESEL ,• V C I3 BRINE 1,171' MD / TVD WATER In PRODUCED FLUID EZEI FILL n OTHER LAT: 70°55'54.868" N LONG: 154°42'41.957" W DATUM: NAD 83 US DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR EAST: 1,555,261 US FT NORTH: 6,190,930 us FT ZONE: ASP 5 SIMPSON CORE TEST # 26 SECTION: II TOWNSHIP: 18 N RANGE: II W MERIDIAN: UMIAT FEL: #,### FT FNL: #,### FT ELEV: 20.0 FT RKB: 5.0 FT API # 50-279-10024-00-00 , SPUD DATE COMPLETION DATE STATUS DATE STATUS PERMIT TO DRILL # 100-1860 13 AUG 1950 23 OCT 1950 20 APR 2006 OIL PRODUCERDATE: BY: COMMENTS: CURRENT WELLBORE CONFIGURATION 10 MAY 2016 LUCAS MUNISTERI S O L S 1T E N� P REVISION: SCALE: RELATIVE VERTICAL 1 RELATIVE HORIZONTAL • • RKB CEMENT- 350' HEIGHT // I 110 SKS CAL-SEAL "._DGROUND LEVEL J I L NATURAL OIL SEEP SURROUNDING WELL Esr. 50' MD / TVD MARS HCREEK 74/4•44- • ` ~-WATER LAYER ACCUMULATING UNDER ••ii•Diii0••' NATURAL OIL SEEP •••••••••••p••••• •�„ EST. 57' MD / TVD POSSIBLE HOLES IN CASING p•.p•.❖+p••p••••44..•.•... 50' AND 190' ;•Q•�•••••••••••,••••••••• •••4.•••�•�•�Q;' OIL FROM WELL. 20° API OIL = *, CONSISTENCY OF HONEY AT 0°F EST. 190' MD / TVD CEMENT - 332' HEIGHT PUMPED 2.5 PPG ARCTIC-SET EST. 220' MD / TVD -6 :: -14 BBL PUMPED CEMENT RETURNS AROUND EST. 236 MD / TVD "'rr OUTSIDE OF CASING ,- -24 BBL PUMPED TOTAL `.....',-49..i'..,:-.--44:404.0.' *%•�••.%%.....+••••••�••, 13.2 PPG ARCTIC-SET TOP JOB PERFORATIONS 144 SHOTS ••••••••• •••••••❖•••••••,, I -1.75 BBL POURED 289' To 325' MD/TVD '•••••••,....., CEMENT - 156' HEIGHT 10.625" HOLE > 1▪ :r4,;$$:,• i•> l r -36 SKS ARCTIC SET 411+74� .• 350' MD / TVD 350' MD/TVD *:V..*"4' �A* -FELL IN THE WELL AFTER JOB 00�1e►'1���!•.= FINISHED AND WELL WAS ON A 8.625' 29# CASING EDT. 394' MD / TVD VACCUM 350' MD/TVD EST. 415 MD / TVD }h,1.4'�s„, .'..'+..4i F•rc rt ro"'4-.-waLtt..—.,C,�. 'a"`'e_.•.,*:; ; '`^ia,t4. 4�a ;o:- 5 ,-;,'?e • BRINE vr.a.t i}'rfi;� tri+ :`-,74,' - UNKNOWN WEIGHT 7.625" HOLE 550' MD / TVD 550' MD/TVD a,z y,. „- `ham € '^, ,,,:^r. `4:1-111' ;,1 560' MD / TVD ,, { `? 1r "°' -600' MD / TVD ';,� �;,-,�,y,$-•,f„�,ta, aL. 0--- DRILLING FLUID ea'4,`kms ar".a!. r ,: k,41H"51.*`t .„ 652 MD / TVDX* - 10.6 PPG Al...n Sr"'y .:•,t r\• y, '�.,sx p p p 4 v. ,,..-"+r „r',aP, :-'77..; ',s. ,; 55:.a.=?',:. >..?ys•`j v s p p p '7 ,°x.. 0;-14,n ';.ti,tiv ;. '", r,7,!;: triker y''S'"'iq l r p p p ,,s.�t2<aN A:.i ._fA r�•'y�'- ttr '`c'yvro's`M ysr�.�# - - p p C7 ,.� ,..., k ,,. .'' �' i ,,,t� p 780 MD / TVD +�.,L.z .✓s,„d ''+,'. p p p p V .. -r- r.k ro `af-'c u,t;4 yv, 'A ware ,4. BHA ABANDONED DOWN HOLEwalieuninimml ��,�, n'-„rkhn`6 � "d+r AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL FISHING 4.xr4m trc. yF C i. TWO FISH SUSPECTED IN HOLE AND _7.1111111 `c ,4;,,,�}fir:; ONE FISHING STRING ,•� • i ,$_ • t:.z�v:n::+y t;-e<;{k'.�h'%_ V 895 MD / TVD 'G%�? tv n",�°--.v`•,��".,,T.:5`.'i",' :. ,^.-...:::-,;,,,z,,,::,...,_„:.,,,,,,-r,r,,;:,;,,,,,g,:.:—.,•,Ur �-+', -,., ,, f r”u�•'°ta''.a..,,' �Fvms:,, p p_ .}s''"'"`n'``'v`'v' • 'a;z'i, rk5 `.� =4i=''`�i-'•a+','-ri�yM.'"d'4a r.><.a'•e'+�''+�,r='`r• p r. :�,,f..t• ,,4:q-VA.. b +5.0-"`r'c*;44"w'$.�. ks`'a' :r., \ ' gyp -,.••••:44,„.r. •`y14--�s!�'+pig. r..r':t ?j^z p p V ♦ p N ��a T'+'i5'e'"^y�,ati 's. {. .yi ,ea.: .- _. '. ,i�Y, ,,..S'{ie.'c?y a...v.,,,,, vi�un \h•z• - ..;:�;• "amu. vest,, ,-�,. /.` `°• ",4 .': - LEGEND -• ...-k,4,14•MiX`i4`,"?' 4 Lts/r.,fye,tiwa1 ^' ,,J - �.�..li'�"S'▪t` fftl i:+n'r+C.w.t4�Y:t'Vyrs �i'.v �-r� V .*44.t.g i, -r''.' 'F- icx .I CEMENT i.4%--x-4...z;,�,.. ,�;,--r'� r ,,•,,,▪ � '7 ; �p C y., s 'w:•;,: K:{''{' '`"'S,t'„'•A:• DRILLING FLUID +:+A'.+K S6i'cr'..4,45i y,+.,,.;..5v, C' ,y 4 C of *av'i. v,q$;4h. "� DIESEL •,, s_' r , :.` i�.r. r+, it 1,..,w4.s"a F_ ] BRINE er, 6.175" HOLE - 1171 MD/ TVD�'"' ._ .._ WATER ER1,171' MD/TVD ' =:.` •,. ', ' hj4 5;4 yti°fi4 `r .Cs=�rt1S4i;s'—.4,, rc -•„e`k, a �''Y k' i..,,,. i�1 PRODUCED ED FLUID } qa.tw r.1 ,�r . '4s " `"• . " r, :S` - ¢: 4.ei r?',:-sa;•"; `r' KRF,c hF/J .�,,. kro .tw:.,V - k • ? fe,i.,.o::;44<.' ® FILL ' ..z,'4, z,c- 27I3 yr3fi-'•440:, 14Ft. iWz.:44::h.air4-� te- }' ,,w •c.'_, .r r - xY' -'��S}` t• . __. ® OTHER LAT: 70°55'54.868" N LONG: 154°42'41.957" W DATUM: NAD 83 US DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR EAST: 1,555,261 US FT NORTH: 6,190,930 US FT ZONE: ASP 5 SIMPSON CORE TEST # 26 SECTION: II TOWNSHIP: 18 N RANGE: II W MERIDIAN: UMIAT ,,, .c.'ft FEL: #,### FT FNL: #,### FT ELEV: 20.0 FT RKB: 5.0 FT API # 50-279-10024-00-00 SPUD DATE COMPLETION DATE STATUS DATE STATUS PERMIT TO DRILL # 100-1860 13 AUG 1950 23 OCT 1950 02 APR 2016 SUSPENDEDDATE: BY: / COMMENTS: FINAL AS LEFT SCHEMATIC. WELL REQUIRES 10 MAY 2016 LUCAS MUNISTERI SO LST E Nr�P REVISION: SCALE: RELATIVE VERTICAL FURTHER REMEDIATION EFFORTS. 1 RELATIVE HORIZONTAL • • N Arctic Ocean e W�'� Barrow '` E RUSSIA Point '`410k Hope• PROJECT S Kotzebue• LOCATION Nome• •Fairbanks CANADA Bethel Anchorage • Juneau • Be, rg Sea Port Moller • e,it or Adak Station A r a s a n • Arcnc ocean Cne*ci S INCL A I Rsea Beaufort sea Barrow a ' Cape Simpson " Wainwright, * Kaktovik L 4 K F Atqasuk Nuiqsut. • Point Lay. Deadhorse SCT#13 Umiat LAT:N70"58'58.78" o SCT#28 LONG:W154°38'25.62" % 'g LAT:N70°154e 59'15.69" • t LONG:W154°36'12.27" Point E 1G II, �,`, t .,a _... Hope a -.$.. SCT#15 -----w,K �, `..i. LAT:N70°58'53.68" - •Ica mosor too- z LONG:W154"38'58.45" .` t- � B E A , > , a SCT#14 ',-* 1 } SCT#14A ' LAT:N70°58'47.60" �. 1 LAT:N70°58'47.62" ,A'' � ` i?e r LONG:W154°39'31.22" - A"; LONG:W154°39'31.16" i �'-. In 1 r F - „ �' --;.: '/' SCT#31 "' LAT:N70°57'0.64" ' .. yf. _t om ° / / "� 3 - ; LONG:W154°40'4.75" -. ` t 'SCT#26 ' ` -LAT:N70°55'54.87" ,i. `LONG:W154°42'41.96" • _ `ASCT#27 ,alt .' LAT N70°55'53.29" . LONG:W154°41'41.92", SCT#30 NATIO ]LAT N70°55'35.06" PETROLEUM R E LONG:W154°42'16.36" SCT#29 ! - _.#_ • LAT:N70°55'31.53" SCT#30A • ' LONG:W154°43'7.75" LAT:N70°55'34.26" ,,, S M I T H __ _ z LONG:W154°42'17.72" 'x 20' " B A Y ? -- �� 1 IN ALASKA • s .. 0 3 i .12:%,'7,, '2 w{ 4 "`**COORDINATES ARE NAD83 SCALE IN MILES ' t f SCALE: APPROXIMATE SIMPSON CORE TEST WELL- SITE LOCATION MAP PAGE NPRA Legacy Wells P&A Activities 1OF2 (.JMIAQ PROJECT ND. Bureau of Land Management - 30025 15 North Slope,Alaska Date: 3/14/2016 J U • �J 1 NO U_ "O }, 00 > cu, O t m ,-I lD N LL Ln 00 gy) LD Ll• 1 00 N Cr LD C(.1.) 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CD- LU l0 lD lD LD LU lD lD to a1 m (,7 H > ,z LL o � m j L,D L 0A .. .. a) L cn r1 Z r0 J C i O - Ln v oN - — � a, 0 a D .v a dr m �t ¢ Ln In N co Cr) 0 Q ri 0 v 0 Ln CD S _C o LL v U Q e-i - .-i r1 L-1 N N N N M O CO C lb fl- . o V li �I ap -.s- on 0) 2t *ttt Zt 3t *k *k tt Xt ni xt u Q @ C o -I HF- I- 0 v iii 'U N LV) N N N N N N N N N o 'o ' d 'C C .� N U 0 * Li Ln CD D Q U LC 0 M • • PAGE NUMBER: SOLSTENXP Workover REPORT RPT DATE 03/18/2016 RPT NUM.: 1 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION:, PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#28 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WO#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:NPR-A RKB: API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE (907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1(480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 06:30 07:00 0.5 Safety meeting-moving equipment,line of sight,Using crane 07:00 16:30 9.5 Move equipment to well#26 16:30 19:30 3.0 Set up scaffolding,Tarp in heat up well TOTAL HRS, PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf • • PAGE NUMBER: SOLSTEN:'P Workover REPORT RPT DATE:03/19/2016 RPT NUM.:2 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION:, PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WO#: FIELD:'NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:,NPR-A RKB: API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:.(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 06:30 07:00 0.5 Safety meeting-went over proper fitting when making up crossover,the difference between high pressure and low pressure. Checking for pressure when opening valves. 07:00 12:00 5.0 Heat up air compressor,Free up valves on the wellhead,Rig up air to tubing and blow air through the tubing,Crude oil return out annulus.Well unable to flow naturally.A lead line was not run because the well was full of oil. 12:00 16:00 4.0 Heat up mix water,Build 13 BBLs 9.6 ppg brine,Circulate down tubing,Crude oil returns out annulus,After 1 bbl crude oil back,Brine returns. 16:00 }-18:30 2.5 Move cement unit from well 29 to well 26,Set on rig mat and heat up, TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz!nformation Management LLC ver_041816bf • 1110 PAGE NUMBER: Workover REPORT RPT DATE:03/20/2016 SOLSTEN;� RPT NUM.:3 OPERATOR:BLM _ _ _ ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WV#: -- — FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:NPR-A RKB: API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 06:30 07:00 0.5 Safety meeting-Pinch points,working on scaffolding,Check slings before use. 07:00 09:00 2.0 Remove top flange from wellhead,No tubing hanging below flange bolted to the casing. 09:00 10:00 1.0 Run 44'of tubing tag upon an obstruction. 10:00 11:00 1.0 'Heat up brine to 100 degree. I i-- - 11:00 16:00 5.0 Thaw dawn to 50',well flowing up around the outside of casing,Pull tubing out of hole.Install top flange on well,Remove heat from well,Let freeze back.Shut casing in,well flow out casing until flow stoped around outside of casing.Shovel up flow back around casing. 16:00 18:30 2.5 freeze - Let well rearound casing. – I TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 wwwwellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver 041816bf • • PAGE NUMBER: Workover REPORT RPT DATE.03/21/2016 SOLSTEN�;P RPT NUM.:4 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WD#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:.NPR-A RKB: API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER.Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:1(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:'(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 06:30 07:00 0.5 Safety meeting-Close call review.Went over well control,checking for pressure. 07:00 08:30 1.5 Check well pressure 20 psi,Establish injection rate at of 1 bpm at 100 psi 08:30 12:30 1 4.0 Pump fluid out of brine tank and return tank,Clean out tanks,Move away from well. 12:30 14:00 1.5 Rig down scaffolding and equipment. 14:00 17:00 3.0 Unload crane and set up,unload cement super sacks.Heat up cement unit and fill with fresh water. 17:00 18:30 1.5 27 to 30 mph winds,unable to mix cement.Clean up tools and return to camp for the day. c TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf • • PAGE NUMBER: SOLSTENAP Workover REPORT RPT DATE:03/22/2016 RPT NUM.:5 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WO#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:NPR-A RKB:I API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray - PHONE:I(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:1+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 06:30 07:00 0.5 Safety meeting-Pumping cement,watch for flow around casing,crane work. 07:00 10:00 3.0 Test out cement unit.Get ready to cement. 10:00 14:00 4.0 Mix 24 bbls cement and pump into well at 150 psi.After 10 bbls pumped flow around casing. 14:00 18:30 4.5 Clean up cement and cement unit. L - TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 wwwwellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver 041816bf • PAGE NUMBER: Workover REPORT RPT DATE 03/30/2016 SOLSTEN)P RPT NUM.:6 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:'Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:,Marsh Creek WO#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:NPR-A RKB:' API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:1(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264_6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:,+1(480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 13:00 14:00 1.0 Returned to well to check for cement in the casing.The Casing was empty at surface.Checked for pressure in the casing and there was none. Opened top valve to well and ran 16 oz plumb bob in the well and tagged obstruction at 24 feet.Pulled plumb bob and had cement on the very tip of the plumb bob.Reran the plumb bob 4 more times at a freefall and returned to surface with the same result.There was no fluid in the well from the surface to 24'. 1 TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 t www.weiiez.net WeilEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf • PAGE NUMBER: RPT DATE:03/31/2016 SOLSTENJ:P Workover REPORT RPT NUM.:7 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek WCO#:' FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:NPR-A RKB:I API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENG I N EER:I Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY' OPERATIONS 15:30 16:30 1.0 Checked well for pressure and there was no pressure.Unbolted the top flange from the well. mixed and poured 1.7 bbl of 13.2 ppg cement to top off the well.Samples setup under ambient conditions in 1.5 hours.Bolted the flange back on the well and shut the well in.Oil started to flow around the outside of the well. TOTAL HRS' PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf i • PAGE NUMBER: Workover REPORT RPT DATE:04/01/2016 SOLSTENJ:P RPT NUM.:8 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR: Marsh Creek WO#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:jMobile Camp j AFE#: LEASE:'NPR-A RKB: API#: 50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri I PHONE:(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:'Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 _ RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 08:30 09:00 0.5 Arrived at the well to check the fluid level in the well.Tapped casing with hammer and well sounded solid.Opened the casing valve to check for pressure and there was no pressure in the well. 10:30 12:00 1.5 Returned to well site with the equipment necessary to cut the casing off.Obtained approval from both the BLM and AOGCC to cut the casing off at the surface since the well is located in a natural oil seep.Checked the well for pressure and the area for gas,neither were detected.Proceeded to cut the casing off at ground level managing oil around the outside of the casing igniting. When the casing was pulled off with the excavator it was full of a thick fluid.Called BLM to discuss plan froward.It was determined the a sample of the fluid at surface would be taken to determine what it was,the marker plate would be welded on and the well be buried under a mound of gravel for future locating. 13:00 j 13:30 0.5 The fluid sample turned out to be pure oil with no cement solids.Reported this information back to the BLM. TOTAL HRS PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf • • PAGE NUMBER: Workover REPORT RPT DATE.04/02/2016 SOLSTENXIP RPT NUM.:9 OPERATOR:BLM ELEVATION: PTD#:100-1860 WELL NAME:Simpson Core Test#26 CONTRACTOR:Marsh Creek V O#: FIELD:NPR-A RIG:Mobile Camp AFE#: LEASE:INPR-A RKB:I API#:'50-279-10024-00-00 CONTACTS PROJECT MANAGER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE(907)264-6114 PROJECT ENGINEER:Lucas Munisteri PHONE:(907)264-6114 LOGISTICS SUPERV:Kellen McGilvray PHONE:(907)264-6110 RIG SUPERV:Shane McGeehan PHONE:+1 (480)768-2500„881631575238 TIME BREAKDOWN FROM TO HRS PHASE TASK ACTIVITY OPERATIONS 09:00 10:00 1.0 Marsh Creek personnel utilized the 1”threaded pipe and some other parts to build a 31.5'probe.A threaded'T'handle was fabricated for the top and a 3"round plate with weep holes on the bottom completed the probe. 10:00 11:00 1.0 A bulldozer was used to assist with removing the mounded gravel for access to the well cap which was removed using a grinder.The well contained viscous brown oil at the surface.The probe was slowly lowered into the well until it reached 27'bgs at which time an additional 10.5'pipe section was threaded on.When the probe reached approximately 37'bgs,progress was temporarily halted until further direction was received.The crew was directed to attempt adding 1-2 more sections of pipe with the primary purpose of finding a former plug at 40 to 45'bgs. 11:00 12:00 1.0 Two more sections of 10.5'pipe were threaded on to the probe one at a time as it was lowered into the well.At approximately 52'bgs,the probe stopped falling and required applied force to continue advancing.Progress became increasingly more difficult until the decision was made to stop at 57'bgs for fear that the probe would be too difficult to remove and disassemble without losing it downhole. 12:00 The probe was slowly pulled out of the well,it was cleaned and disassembled.Once the probe was removed,the top of the casing,cap,and plate were cleaned.The cap and plate were welded on and gravel was re-mounded over top. TOTAL HRS; PERSONNEL EQUIPMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT PERSONEL ON BOARD: 6 EQUIPMENT PROVIDER EQUIPMENT TYPE QUANTITY WASTE TYPE UNIT COMPANY NO.PEOPLE Solsten 6 www.wellez.net WellEz Information Management LLC ver_041816bf • • b ' 1 IC (.e, 4 a111* United States Department of the Interior NATION.SYSlENOEPUB.,Callo, U.S.MVLRT�MFM(K TNF IMERIOR Q•---- 11 , M[Nf [�4.01 p F irr 'I _�t 22 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT --/-11�' Alaska State Office NR ° 222 West Seventh Avenue,#13 Anchorage,Alaska 99513-7504 http://www.blm.gov/ak In Reply Refer To: RECEIVED Subject Code (BLM-AK 930) APR 14 2016 APR 11 2016 AOGCC Cathy P. Foerster Chair, Commissioner Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission 333 West Seventh Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 SCANNED AUG 0 32017 Dear Commissioner Foerster: We have received your letter, dated April 4, 2016, regarding work completed at Simpson Core Test#26, by the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) contractor, Marsh Creek, LLC, and their subcontractor, SolstenXP. The BLM confirmed on April 1, 2016, that Simpson Core Test#26 was not plugged and abandoned in accordance with 43 Code of Federal Regulations Part 3160, Onshore Oil and Gas Order No. 2 as evidenced by the inability to set a competent cement plug in accordance with the approved procedures. The BLM has determined site conditions are not conducive to being able to successfully complete the work as previously approved and does not consider Simpson Core Test#26 to be "plugged and abandoned" at this time. The contractor will submit a revised proposal for consideration, and once received, the BLM will coordinate closely with the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission so that we may approve a procedure that will result in the successful plugging and abandonment of Simpson Core Test#26. Please feel free to contact me at 907-271-5080, or Nicole Hayes of my staff at 907-271-4354, should you need further information. Sincerely, Tor Bud C. Crib': State Director • r /OOJJo iN,,...PMgNTOFtyUnited States Department of the Interior ci Li — BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT • Alaska State Office �Q a,>��� 222 West Seventh Avenue,#13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513-7504 http://www.blm.gov/ak RECEIVED In Reply Refer To: APR 0 7 2016 Subject Code (BLM-AK 930) APR 05 2016 AOGGC Cathy P. Foerster Chair, Commissioner Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission 333 West Seventh Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 Dear Commissioner Foerster: We have received your letter, dated March 24, 2016, regarding work completed at Simpson Core Test#26, by the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) contractor, Marsh Creek, LLC, and their subcontractor, SolstenXP. On March 19, 2016, the BLM's contractor proceeded with work without implementing approved procedures agreed upon by both the BLM and the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGCC). Specifically, step#5 of the abandonment procedures required installation of a Blow- out Preventer(BOP) prior to circulating warm fluids once frozen fluids were encountered. Subsequently, wellbore fluids flowed on the outside of the 8-5/8" casing, requiring the work crew to cool down the wellbore to allow it to freeze and stop fluid flow. The wellbore was then shut in until a plan forward was identified. While all fluids were recovered without incident and the BOP would not have prevented the wellbore fluid from flowing outside of the casing, this step in the approved procedures was not performed. BLM notified the contractor of this omission in procedures on March 21, 2016, and the contractor immediately implemented a corrective action plan. The corrective action plan includes: mandatory daily meetings between project office and field supervisory personnel to review work completed the previous day and walk-through of work and the procedures for the current day to ensure common understanding and communication of most up to date procedures; contractor's lead drilling engineer was flown in to oversee on-site well operations to ensure compliance with procedures and regulations; and a change in on-site supervisory personnel was made. In addition, BLM has increased communication and coordination with the AOGCC to vd . • -2- ensure approval of plugging and abandonment procedures continue to take AOGCC's input and expertise into consideration so the work is completed in accordance with federal regulations and also satisfies AOGCC concerns. Please feel free to contact me at 907-271-5080, or Nicole Hayes of my staff at 907-271-4354, should you need further information. Sincerely, C_-_ ,/,-4,4 • /71/4_,.. Bud C. Cribley State Director • Simpson Core Test # 26 Well Status Update and MoC Well History Seep Modificatio. The area around the well was bulldozed and berms built in an attempt to collect the oil flowing from the natural seep in the early 1950's Simpson Core Test# 26 was completed in October of 1950 and was the discovery well for the Simpson Oilfield. The well was drilled in the middle of one of the largest naturally occurring active oil seeps in NPRA. The oil produced from this well is a 20° gravity oil and had a maximum flow rate of 110 BOPD through 2 1/2 inch line pipe. The well is completed in the Nanushuk and Colville groups and is perforated with 144 shots between 289 and 325 feet. The average rate the well produced was 92 BOPD. The maximum surface pressure seen on the well was 47 psi, and the average pressure was 25 psi. When the well was drilled they used 14.2 ppg mud and the oil was still able to cut the mud weight, and this issue occurred during the entire drilling phase. Three drill strings were lost in the well. The well was then perforated and tested three times and then left in its present state considered abandoned. "G 1. Figure 1:Simpson Core Test#26, In Active Oil Seep The well was attempted to be abandoned in 2006. The reported operations given in the BLM reports indicate an inflatable packer was set at 160 feet, and 36 sacks of arctic grade cement was pumped i • into the well, followed by 50 gal of water. The well went on a vacuum after the job was completed. This was only indicated in a schematic, and the packer was not indicated in the schematic. Present Abandonment Attempts The well area was prepped for the work, and the well was heated. The well was then tested for communication between the tubing and the casing. The well did not naturally flow when valves were opened. When the pressure was applied to the tubing crude oil flowed out of the annulus. Circulation was then established down the tubing and after 1 bbl pumped brine returns were seen at surface indicating that there is a hole in the tubing. The tubing flange was unbolted to check the tubing below the flange. When the flange was lifted up, there was no tubing hanging from the flange. The tubing was then run in the well to 44 feet where it tagged up. Began circulating the well to thaw through the obstruction, after 6 feet oil started to flow up the outside of the casing. The circulation was then stopped, and the work string was removed from the well and the flange was bolted back onto the well. The well was then allowed to cool to allow the oil flowing up the outside of the casing to freeze overnight. Rigged up on the well to bullhead cement and established injection rate at 100 psi. Bullheaded 24 bbl cement, after 10 bbl of cement was pumped, flow was observed around the casing. t AC r. 4111 rt� Figure 2:Simpson Core Test#2R FIr,w Arntrnri vv.!! The cement in the well was then allowed to setup for 3 days. The well was then inspected, there was no pressure on the casing, the casing stump was then tapped with a hammer, and the casing was empty. A plumb bob was run to determine the depth of the cement, the top of the plug was at 24 feet. The well was then topped off with 1.5 bbl of cement and let setup overnight. • • , ..4 .., ,...::,, r •),4? . .. Figure 3: '— r ' Test#26,Top Off Cement When the cement was placed in the well, about 8 oz of thick oil flowed up the outside of the well. The next day the well was inspected, and there was no pressure, and the casing was full of fluid. The well was then cut off 6 inches above grade to prevent the contamination of excavation equipment. ''ii - . . H ~ =' ra 'd" i,. } P 4 ,, ti-1 ti tit . ' ;a ' '' ' Figure 4:Simpson Core Test#26,Post-Cut off After the well was cut a sample of the fluid near the surface was taken and then the marker plate was welded on the well and the location was mounded with gravel to 3 feet above the ground elevation. And location recorded. The fluid that was sampled near the surface was initially thought to be cement contaminated with oil, turned out to be pure oil. • • DEERE 1► � a Figure 5:Simpson Core Test#26, Mound Understood Well State 1. The well required a minimum of 9 bbl of cement pumped to have a 150-foot cement column in the well and 25.5 bbl of cement was placed in the well. 2. There was a hard surface encountered at 24 feet from the top flange of the well or 18 feet below ground level. 3. The well is located in an active natural oil seep. 4. There is a hole in the casing near the surface. 5. The well did hold a full column of fluid. Assumptions 1. The water that was pumped behind the plug set in 2006 or the water in the seep has frozen and ruptured the casing. 2. The rupture occurred somewhere between 18 feet below GL and the base of the lake. Most likely the base of the lake. 3. The area on the outside of the casing rupture has infinite permeability and is preventing the top section of the casing from holding a cement column by allowing the cement and the oil to swap. • • Quick, Michael J (DOA) From: Schwartz, Guy L(DOA) Sent: Monday,April 04, 2016 10:10 AM To: Quick, Michael J (DOA) Subject: FW: Simpson Core Test 26 (100-186) fyi Guy Schwartz Sr. Petroleum Engineer AOGCC 907-301-4533 cell 907-793-1226 office CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:This e-mail message, including any attachments, contains information from the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGCC), State of Alaska and is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s). It may contain confidential and/or privileged information.The unauthorized review, use or disclosure of such information may violate state or federal law. If you are an unintended recipient of this e-mail, please delete it, without first saving or forwarding it, and, so that the AOGCC is aware of the mistake in sending it to you, contact Guy Schwartz at(907-793- 1226 )or(Guy.schwartz@alaska.gov). Original Message From: Schwartz, Guy L(DOA) Sent:Thursday, March 31,2016 1:50 PM To: 'Lucas Munisteri'; Robert Brumbaugh; jesse@solstenxp.com; Drew Laughlin; Miriam Hayes; Lucas Munisteri; Drew Laughlin Subject: RE: Simpson Core Test 26 (100-186) AOGCC also approves cutting casing at GL in Simpson Core Test#26. Well site is active seep area and the wellhead extends out of a pond in summer months. Your proposal as stated below is approved pending good setup of surface cement before capping with steel plate. Regards, Guy Schwartz Sr. Petroleum Engineer AOGCC 907-301-4533 cell 907-793-1226 office CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:This e-mail message, including any attachments,contains information from the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGCC),State of Alaska and is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s). It may contain confidential and/or privileged information.The unauthorized review, use or disclosure of such information may violate state or federal law. If you are an unintended recipient of this e-mail, please delete it, without first saving or forwarding it,and, so that the AOGCC is aware of the mistake in sending it to you, contact Guy Schwartz at(907-793- 1226 ) or(Guy.schwartz@alaska.gov). 1 • Original Message • From: Lucas Munisteri [mailto:Imuniste@myiridium.net] Sent:Thursday, March 31, 2016 2:48 AM To: Robert Brumbaugh;jesse@solstenxp.com; Drew Laughlin; Miriam Hayes;Schwartz, Guy L(DOA); Lucas Munisteri; Drew Laughlin Subject: MoC: Simpson Core Test 26 Rob, Background: Simpson Core Test#26 is located in a natural oil seep.The casing is broached somewhere near the bottom of the lake about 4-5 feet below ground level. Update: The well was inspected this morning and the casing was full of cement and there was no pressure at surface or any gas detected.The casing was then cut off 6 inches above ground level. When the casing was cut the heat from the cutting torch caused the oil near the well to become fluid.The oil began to flow up around the outside of the casing and out of the cut in the casing. The casing was allowed to cool before the stump broke off of the well.The cement at surface was highly contaminated with oil. Justification: There is good cement at 24 feet from the first cement job. No oil column was found on the top of the cement plug.The cement from the top off should be good cement from 24 feet to the base of the lake/hole in the casing where the contamination is occurring.The well in now holding a column of fluid. Plan Forward: Per my conversation with Rob at 10:00. A sample of cement will be taken from the surface cement to determine if the contaminated cement at surface,4-5 feet, will set up. We will then weld the marker plate on the well and burry the well with 3 feet of gravel. Lucas 2 OF T • • Iyy,'sA THE STATE Alaska Oil and Gas Of LAsKA Conservation Commission 333 West Seventh Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 GOVERNOR BILL WALKER g Main: 907.279.1433 F ALAS' Fax: 907.276.7542 www.aogcc.alaska.gov April 4, 2016 CERTIFIED MAIL— RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED 7015 1660 0000 1504 7506 Ms.Nicole Hayes Legacy Wells Project Coordinator BLM Alaska State Office 222 W. 7th Ave, #13 Anchorage, AK 99513 Re: Docket Number: OTH-16-010 Notice of Violation- Failure to follow approved procedure Well: Simpson Core Test 26 (PTD 100-186, Sundry 316-143) Dear Ms. Hayes: On April 1, 2016, while attending a meeting that included reviewing the operations to date on Simpson Core Test 26, the AOGCC received information and has determined that the approved AOGCC sundry for the plug and abandonment of Simpson Core Test 26 was not followed. During the meeting, and in detail provided in follow up emails from both the BLM and SolstenXP, it is evident that work was not performed on the well per the approved AOGCC sundry, and did not follow the direction in an email from Guy Schwartz on March 31, 2016. The approved AOGCC sundry for this work scope clearly stated in the abandonment procedure under step #11 and step #16, that cement is required to be at surface prior to welding the abandonment marker plate on the well casing. The email on March 31, 2016, stated that work "is approved pending good setup of surface cement before capping with steel plate". During the meeting with the BLM, SolstenXP, and the AOGCC, held at the BLM offices on April 1, 2016, and confirmed in follow up emails, crude oil and not cement was in the top of the well casing when the abandonment marker cap was welded on. As directed by the BLM, SolstenXP returned to the Simpson Core Test 26 on April 1, 2016, after the meeting referenced above, and removed the abandonment marker cap and ran in the well casing to 57 feet with tubing (as deep as could be reached with equipment on location) and could not find any indication of the cement plugs. This well, Simpson Core Test 26, does not meet the AOGCC regulations for permanent abandonment under 20 AAC 25.112 (d); and remedial work is required to permanently abandon Docket Number: 0TH-16-0091P • April 4,20166 Page 2 of 2 this well. This is the second Notice of Violation issued by the AOGCC on this well for failure to follow approved procedures. Per Alaska regulation 20 AAC 25.507, any substantive change to an approved program may not take place without AOGCC approval. Within 14 days of receipt of this letter, you are requested to provide the AOGCC with an explanation of how this event happened and what has been or will be done in the future to prevent its recurrence. Failure to comply with this request will be an additional violation per 20 AAC 25.300. The AOGCC reserves the right to pursue additional enforcement action in connection with this Notice of Violation for Simpson Core Test 26. Questions regarding this letter should be directed to Mike Quick at(907) 793-1231. Sincerely, P'74V—&7 Cathy P. oerster Chair, Commissioner cc: Jim Regg, AOGCC ADEC, Division of Spill Prevention and Response Steven Cohn, BLM Rob Brumbaugh, BLM Lucas Munisteri, SolstenXP Bryan Lund, Marsh Creek RECONSIDERATION AND APPEAL NOTICE As provided in AS 31.05.080(a),within 20 days after written notice of the entry of this order or decision,or such further time as the AOGCC grants for good cause shown, a person affected by it may file with the AOGCC an application for reconsideration of the matter determined by it. If the notice was mailed,then the period of time shall be 23 days. An application for reconsideration must set out the respect in which the order or decision is believed to be erroneous. The AOGCC shall grant or refuse the application for reconsideration in whole or in part within 10 days after it is filed. Failure to act on it within 10-days is a denial of reconsideration. If the AOGCC denies reconsideration,upon denial,this order or decision and the denial of reconsideration are FINAL and may be appealed to superior court. The appeal MUST be filed within 33 days after the date on which the AOGCC mails, OR 30 days if the AOGCC otherwise distributes, the order or decision denying reconsideration, UNLESS the denial is by inaction,in which case the appeal MUST be filed within 40 days after the date on which the application for reconsideration was filed. If the AOGCC grants an application for reconsideration,this order or decision does not become final. Rather,the order or decision on reconsideration will be the FINAL order or decision of the AOGCC,and it may be appealed to superior court. That appeal MUST be filed within 33 days after the date on which the AOGCC mails,OR 30 days if the AOGCC otherwise distributes,the order or decision on reconsideration. In computing a period of time above,the date of the event or default after which the designated period begins to run is not included in the period;the last day of the period is included,unless it falls on a weekend or state holiday,in which event the period runs until 5:00 p.m.on the next day that does not fall on a weekend or state holiday. U.S. Postal Service' CERTIFIED MAIL° RECEIPT O-13 Domestic Mail Only For delivery information,visit our website at www.usps.com r O Certified Mail Fee LI $ '' Extra Services&Fees(check box,add fee as appropriate) 0 Return Receipt(hardcopy) $ D 0 Return Receipt(electronic) $ Postmark O 0 Certified Mail Restricted Delivery $ Here ® 0 Adult Signature Required $ 0 Adult Signature Restricted Delivery$ ® Postage .D $ -0 Total Postage and Fees 1-4 Ms. Nicole Hayes $ Legacy Wells Project Coordinator LI Sent To — ra BLM Alaska State Office 17 Street and Apt.No.,or PO Bo r- 222 W. 7th Ave.,Ste. 13 City,State,ZIP+a€ Anchorage, AK 99513 PrilVITTMEIT R et6rInstructions SENDER: COMPLETE THIS SECTION COMPLETE THIS SECTION ON DELIVERY ■ Complete items 1,2,and 3. A. Signatur/ #1121 ■ Print your name and address on the reverse X �- A �,* I Agent so that we can return the card to you. Illie• �' /' 0 Addressee ■ Attach this card to the back of the mailpiece, ' a iteg C.Date o Delivery or on the front if space permits. %-.) /{- D. Is delivery address different from item 1? 0 Yes ' If YES,enter delivery address below: 0 No Ms. Nicole Hayes Legacy Wells Project Coordinator SPR 0 6 201 BLM Alaska State Office 222 W. 7th Ave.,Ste. 13 1nt%IN Anchorage,AK 99513 H3. UI 1111 hill III II I JI 111111 IIID II IIIA III 3. durvice Type o Priority Mail Express® ❑Adult Signature ❑Registered Mai1TM 0 Adult Signature Restricted Delivery 0 Registered Mail Restricted 9590 9403 0910 5223 5230 96 0 Certified Mail® Return Certified Mail Restricted Delivery B'Return Receipt for 0 Collect on Delivery Merchandise 9 Artirlo M,trnhpr ITrancfer from service label) 0 Collect on Delivery Restricted Delivery 0 Signature Confirmationne 7 015 1660 0000 1504 7506 red Mail 0 Signature Confirmation red Mail Restricted Delivery Restricted Delivery _ - — — -- "$500) PS Form 3811,July 2015 PSN 7530-02-000-9053 Domestic Return Receipt • • Quick, Michael J (DOA) From: Jason Ditsworth <jason.ditsworth@MarshCreekLLC.com> Sent: Friday, April 01, 2016 4:38 PM To: Miriam (Nicole) Hayes Cc: rbrumbau@blm.gov;Amanda Eagle (aeagle@blm.gov); Matt Baker(mbaker@blm.gov); Schwartz, Guy L(DOA); Quick, Michael J (DOA);Jesse Mohrbacher; Lucas Munisteri; Bryan Lund;Jason Ditsworth Subject: RE: SCT#26 Procedure for tagging cement plug Nicole, I've talked with Rob,Jesse at Solsten and the field crew. We ran approximately 57 feet of pipe into#26 without refusal. This was as far as we could check given the equipment remaining on site. In discussions with Rob we see our only path at this time being to weld the cap back on leaving a weep hole,and re-burying the well. We will evaluate possibilities over the weekend and suggest we regroup on Monday after we work through the final Iko Bay procedures. We will look at the possibility of still addressing#26 this year given the remaining season, but will also look at what if options if we cannot get back to the well this year. Jason Original Message From: Miriam (Nicole) Hayes [mailto:mnhayes@blm.gov1 Sent: Friday, April 01, 2016 2:42 PM To:Jason Ditsworth<jason.ditsworth@MarshCreekLLC.com> Cc: rbrumbau@blm.gov;Amanda Eagle (aeagle@bim.gov)<aeagle@bim.gov>; Matt Baker(mbaker@blm.gov) <mbaker@blm.gov>; Guy Schwartz(guy.schwartz@alaska.gov)<guy.schwartz@alaska.gov>; Quick, Michael J (DOA) <michael.quick@alaska.gov>;Jesse Mohrbacher<jesse@solstenxp.com>; Lucas Munisteri <lucas.munisteri@solstenxp.com>; Bryan Lund <Bryan.Lund@MarshCreekLLC.com> Subject: Re:SCT#26 Procedure for tagging cement plug As previously noted by Rob-BLM finds the procedures acceptable provided findings of tag are communicated and concurrence is received prior to welding marker plate back on. It would be nice to video-record the hard tag if that is possible. Nicole >On Apr 1, 2016, at 3:02 PM,Jason Ditsworth<jason.ditsworth@marshcreekllc.com>wrote: > Nicole/Rob, > Below is the proposed procedure for tagging the cement plugin Simpson Core Test#26 suspected to be at 24 feet below ground level. Please acknowledge approval of this procedure as soon as possible. > 1) Remove top cover gravel from the well with caution not to snag the casing stump. Locate casing with metal detector first. 1 • , >2) Build plug testing tool (up to 30 feet)with 10-foot lengths of 1 inch pipe and 3-inch plate welded on the bottom. Might need a small hole in the bottom of the plate in the middle of the 1 inch tubing to allow fluid to flow up tubing, but there will only be 1 gallon of displacement so this may not be necessary. >3)Set up location. Stage oily waste bags and adsorb near the location. Set up fire extinguisher(s). Stage equipment near the well site but not within 25 feet of the well. >4) Cut the casing cap off of the well,there is a weep hole in the weld near surface so there should be no pressure. >5) Run in the well by hand using opposing pipe wrenches(if necessary)and chain wrench. Continue running the tubing in the well until the tubing stops moving downward. >6)Testing the cement plug. When the tubing stops moving down apply approximately 200 lbs force down to test the cement plug. If the pipe moves down keep pushing until it stops. Record the depth the plug was tagged below ground level and report this back to SolstenXP and Marsh Creek. >7) Pulling out of the well. When pulling out of the well pull the tubing slowly. Minimal fluid should come up out of the well and preferably none. >8) Re-weld casing cap. Document and re-burry, mounding soil over the center line of the well. >Thank you, >Jason > [cid:image002.jpg@01D18C1F.41FE3A70] >Jason Ditsworth, P.E. > Director of Operations > Environmental and Construction Division >8401 Brayton Drive I Anchorage,AK 99507 > main: 907.343.0405 I direct: 907.343.0394 I cell: 907.244.8855 > Iason.ditsworth@marshcreekllc.com<mailto:jason.ditsworth@marshcreekllc > .com> I www.marshcreekllc.com<http://www.marshcreekllc.com/> 2 • >CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:This email and any attachments may contain confidential information that may not be further distributed by any means without permission of the sender. If you are not the intended recipient,you are hereby notified that you are not permitted to read its content and that any disclosure, copying, printing, distribution or use of any of the information is prohibited. If you have received this email in error, please immediately notify the sender by return e-mail and delete the message and its attachments without saving in any manner. ><winmail.dat> 3 :2 \��\�yy���), THE STATE Alaska Oil and Gas ti ;' Ii, of e T c KA Conservation Commission estsiti �� 333 West Seventh Avenue ._t ' GOVERNOR BILL WALKER Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 1 . p „ Main: 907.279.1433 Fax: 907.276.7542 www.aogcc.alaska.gov March 24, 2016 CERTIFIED MAIL— RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED 7015 1660 0000 1487 7111 Ms. Nicole Hayes Legacy Wells Project Coordinator BLM Alaska State Office 222 W. 7th Ave, #13 Anchorage, AK 99513 Re: Docket Number: OTH-16-009 Notice of Violation- Failure to follow approved procedure Well: Simpson Core Test 26 (PTD 100-186, Sundry 316-143) Dear Ms. Hayes: On March 21, 2016, during AOGCC review of the operations summary provided by Solsten XP, on behalf of the BLM, the AOGCC has determined that the approved AOGCC sundry for the plug and abandonment of Simpson Core Test 26 was not followed. Per the operations summary provided via email, dated March 19, 2016, summarizing the work to date on the plug and abandonment operation at Simpson Core Test 26, it is evident that work was performed on the well without the required well control equipment (including the BOP stack) being installed on the well, resulting in uncontrolled flow of wellbore fluids, including oil, to surface. The approved AOGCC sundry for this work scope clearly stated in the abandonment procedure step #5, that a BOP stack would be installed prior to circulating warm fluid down the well to clear frozen fluids. An informal meeting with the BLM, Solsten XP, and the AOGCC held at the AOGCC offices on March 21, 2016, confirmed the main details provided in the emailed operation summary,while leaving several root cause questions unanswered. Per Alaska regulation 20 AAC 25.507, any substantive change to an approved program may not take place without AOGCC approval. Within 14 days of receipt of this letter, you are requested to provide the AOGCC with an explanation of how this event happened and what has been or will be done in the future to prevent its recurrence. Failure to comply with this request will be an additional violation per 20 AAC 25.300. Docket No.OTH-16-009 • • March 22, 2016 Page 2 of 2 The AOGCC reserves the right to pursue additional enforcement action in connection with this Notice of Violation for Simpson Core Test 26. Questions regarding this letter should be directed to Mike Quick at(907) 793-1231. Sincerely, Cathy P. Foerster Chair, Commissioner cc: Jim Regg, AOGCC ADEC, Division of Spill Prevention and Response Steven Cohn, BLM Rob Brumbaugh, BLM Lucas Munisteri, Solsten XP Bryan Lund, Marsh Creek RECONSIDERATION AND APPEAL NOTICE As provided in AS 31.05.080(a),within 20 days after written notice of the entry of this order or decision,or such further time as the AOGCC grants for good cause shown,a person affected by it may file with the AOGCC an application for reconsideration of the matter determined by it. If the notice was mailed,then the period of time shall be 23 days. An application for reconsideration must set out the respect in which the order or decision is believed to be erroneous. The AOGCC shall grant or refuse the application for reconsideration in whole or in part within 10 days after it is filed. Failure to act on it within 10-days is a denial of reconsideration. If the AOGCC denies reconsideration,upon denial,this order or decision and the denial of reconsideration are FINAL and may be appealed to superior court. The appeal MUST be filed within 33 days after the date on which the AOGCC mails, OR 30 days if the AOGCC otherwise distributes, the order or decision denying reconsideration, UNLESS the denial is by inaction,in which case the appeal MUST be filed within 40 days after the date on which the application for reconsideration was filed. If the AOGCC grants an application for reconsideration,this order or decision does not become final. Rather,the order or decision on reconsideration will be the FINAL order or decision of the AOGCC,and it may be appealed to superior court. That appeal MUST be filed within 33 days after the date on which the AOGCC mails,OR 30 days if the AOGCC otherwise distributes,the order or decision on reconsideration. In computing a period of time above,the date of the event or default after which the designated period begins to run is not included in the period;the last day of the period is included,unless it falls on a weekend or state holiday,in which event the period runs until 5:00 p.m.on the next day that does not fall on a weekend or state holiday. • Quick, Michael J (DOA) From: Schwartz, Guy L(DOA) Sent: Monday, March 21, 2016 8:59 AM To: Quick, Michael J (DOA) Subject: FW: Simpson Core Test#26 MoC Attachments: Lucas Munisteri P E .vcf;ATT00001..htm FYI Guy Schwartz Sr. Petroleum Engineer AOGCC 907-301-4533 cell 907-793-1226 office CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:This e-mail message,including any attachments,contains information from the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission(AOGCC),State of Alaska and is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s).It may contain confidential and/or privileged information.The unauthorized review,use or disclosure of such information may violate state or federal law.If you are an unintended recipient of this e-mail,please delete it,without first saving or forwarding it,and,so that the AOGCC is aware of the mistake in sending it to you,contact Guy Schwartz at(907-793-1226) or(Guv.schwartz@alaska.aov). From: Lucas Munisteri [mailto:lucas.munisterasolstenxp.com] Sent: Saturday, March 19, 2016 9:25 PM To: Schwartz, Guy L (DOA) Cc: Robert Brumbaugh (rbrumbau(ablm.gov) Subject: Simpson Core Test # 26 MoC Guy, At 1830 on 19 March 2016 I held a conference call with BLM and SolstenXP on site representation to discuss the plan forward for Simpson Core Test#26. Personnel on call Lucas Munisteri, SXP Shane McGeehan, SXP Matt Baker, BLM Amanda, BLM Matt Baker gave an operational review of events that occurred today. Current Status of Simpson Core Test#26 The tubing that was connected to the flange at surface was no longer intact. This led to the crew running in the well with 4 joints of pipe. At 44 feet they tagged an obstruction. The crew then proceeded to circulate 100°F brine to thaw through the obstruction. While working the fifth joint of pipe down, Matt and Scott went below the substructure to check the temperature of the casing. The 8 % in. casing was starting to warm up. Soon after, Boon observed that there was fluid coming up around the outside of the 8 % casing. Shane then had the crew remove the work string from the well and shut down the heat that was blowing on the well head to keep the work area warm. When the tubing was out of the well, the well started to flow oil. The well was allowed to flow oil up the inside of the 8 % in. casing, until the oil that was flowing up the outside of the casing froze off. While 1 S S the well was flowing, 2 feet of ratty cement was pushed out of the well. The well was then shut in for the night. The is now a live well, with some pressure at surface. We then discussed the plan forward abandoning the well. Plan Forward for Simpson Core Test# 26 1. Allow the well to freeze around the outside of the 8 % casing overnight. 2. Identify the pressure rating of the flange. 3. Rig containment around outside of the 8 % casing to collect and returns that come from around the outside of the casing. 4. Rig up to bullhead cement in the well. 5. Mix 26.8 bbl of 12.5 ppg cement. The max anticipated volume required is 15.9 bbl, however,be prepared to mix a second batch. 1. Add 17.7 bbl water to the batch mixer. 2. Add 1 gallon of D230 (Dispersant) to the water. NOTE: More is not better, Too much of the dispersant can make the cement fallout in the batch mixer and not possible to mix. If more is needed add it in 1/2 gallon increments. The effects should be seen in 1 - 2 minutes. 3. Add 73.6 sx (8000 lbs, 4 sex) to the batch mixer and mix cement. 6. Begin pumping the cement down the well. Max pressure should not exceed 50 psi or the rating of the flange if identifiable at the flange. 7. Monitor wellhead and area around the casing for leaks or fluid flow. If fluid flow occurs continue to pump cement until cement returns come up around the casing not to exceed 2 batches (53.6 bbl). Pump returns from containment into open top barrels. 8. Shut well in and clean up batch mixer 9. Allow cement to cure overnight. Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer Direct: (907) 264-6114 Mobile: (907) 406-4333 Main: (907) 279-6900 Email: Lucas.Munisteri@SolstenXP.com SolstenXP 406 West Fireweed Lane Suite 101 Anchorage Alaska 99503 F-mail disclaimer:The information in this e-mail is confidential and may be legally privileged.It is intended solely for the addressee(s)only.Access to this e-mail by anyone else is unauthorized.If you are not the intended recipient,any disclosure,copying,distribution or an action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it,is prohibited and may be unlawful.Within the bounds of the law,electronic transmission through internal and external networks may be monitored to ensure compliance with internal policies and legitimate business purposes. 2 • 0 �w „�9 yy e, THE STATE Alaska Oil and Gas �,-.E,. ..--7: ..�,� °i A Conservation Commission l sE: �� 333 West Seventh Avenue ! r GOVERNOR BILL WALKER Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 O g �. Main:907.279.1433 Fax: 907.276.7542 www.aogcc.alaska.gov Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer Bureau of Land Management 222 West 7th Avenue, Ste. 13 Anchorage,AK 99513 Re: NPRA Field, Exploratory Pool, Simpson Core Test 26 Permit to Drill Number: 100-186 Sundry Number: 316-143 Dear Mr. Munisteri: Enclosed is the approved application for sundry approval relating to the above referenced well. Please note the conditions of approval set out in the enclosed form. As provided in AS 31.05.080, within 20 days after written notice of this decision, or such further time as the AOGCC grants for good cause shown, a person affected by it may file with the AOGCC an application for reconsideration. A request for reconsideration is considered timely if it is received by 4:30 PM on the 23rd day following the date of this letter, or the next working day if the 23rd day falls on a holiday or weekend. Sincerely, Per Cathy P. oerster Chair DATED this my of March,2016. III • w µ iv% -r! STATE OF ALASKA 3 / 1 6 i( to ALASKA OIL AND GAS CONSERVATION COMMISSION :t APPLICATION FOR SUNDRY APPROVALS 20 MC 25.280 1.Type of Request: Abandon 0 Plug Perforations❑ Fracture Stimulate 0 Repair Well 0 Operations shutdown❑ Suspend ❑ Perforate ❑ Other Stimulate ❑ Pull Tubing❑ Change Approved Program 0 Plug for Redrill 0 Perforate New Pool El Re-enter Susp Well 0 After Casing 0 Other. ❑ 2.Operator Name: 4.Current Well Class: 5.Perm#to Dill Number. Bureau of Land Management Exploratory 0• Development ❑ 100-1860 - 3.Address: Stratigraphic 0 Service ❑ 6.API Number. 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 54279.10024-00.00 • 7.If perforating: 8.Well Name and Number. What Regulation or Conservation Order governs well spacing in this pool? Simpson Core Test No.26 , Will planned perforations require a spacing exception? Yes El No m 9.PropertyDesignation(Lease Number): 10.Field/Pool(s): HA- tOPA/1 NPRA / 6.)(ph.)Ppt-1-Deln 11. PRESENT WELL CONDITION SUMMARY Total Depth MD(ft): Total Depth TVD(ft): Effective Depth MD: Effective Depth ND: MPSP(psi): Plugs(MD): Junk(MD): 1171 t 1171 i 7301 Casing Length Size MD ND Burst Collapse Structural Conductor 345 8.625 29# 350 350 Surface Intermediate Production Liner Perforation Depth MD(ft):#4,3 Perforation Depth TVD(ft): Tubing Size: Tubing Grade: Tubing MD(It): i 14*a8`I 3asr NA 2.5" Line Pipe 2 i 6 Packers and SSSV Type: Packers and SSSV MD(ft)and ND(1): NA NA 12.Attachments: Proposal Summary 0 Wellbore schematic 9 13.Well Class after proposed work: Detailed Operations Program 0 BOP Sketch 0 Exploratory 0 - Stratigraphic 0 Development 0 Service 0 14.Estimated Date for 3/9/2006 15.Well Status after proposed work: Commencing Operations: OIL ❑ WINJ 0 WDSPL 0 Suspended 0 16.Verbal Approval: Date: GAS 0 WAG 0 GSTOR 0 SPLUG ❑ Commission Representative: GINJ ❑ Op Shutdown 0 Abandoned 0.. 17.I hereby certify that the foregoing is true and the procedure approved herein will not be deviated from without prior written approval. Contact Lucas Munisteri Email lucas•munisteriasolstenxp.conn► Printed Name LLuucas Munisteri Title Drilling Engineer Signature r" .� iPhone 907-264-6114 Date �.. ... I FEB 1 8 2015 COMMISSION USE ONLY Conditions of approval: Notify Commission so that a representative may witness ---------- Sundry Number / 3119 -ILI Plug Integrity I BOP Test❑ Mechanical Integrity Test ❑ Location Clearance [a" 5,t.-P1rs.c,✓ r...4(r Z � • Other: if P �z c,...,,,--.....P/ , ,z4.s <,p c,4... c h.: S` k 2 L .7,,t- p/�, w ..e., At-4--. ,,,,,,,,,..t.., i!! i4[..t tr.a t<_ .,,/t� ?...t- 2 G.A 4 -.z s.,iz- to rt. Post Initial Injection MIT Req'd? Yes 0 No ❑ Spacing Exception Required? Yes ❑ Nom Subsequent Form Required: /Q--`/o 7 f� AfEIIONROVD BY Approved by: / 4..y,jc"......._ .h41 /`5 ,Atf kl2 R" AT Date: ,3—t/7 i �' 5 J\'-0'v �' Submit Form and (�f Form 10-403 Revised 11/2015 Approved application is wild fit 2 months from the date of app val. Attachments in Duplicate �v • • • 2004) OM UNITED STATES FORM APPROVED DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OMes:March31,7 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT ExPires:Mareh31,2007 5.Lease Serial,No. SUNDRY NOTICES AND REPORTS ON WELLS Do not use this form for proposals to drill or to re-enter an 6. If Indian,ADonee orTribe Name abandoned well. Use Form 3160-3 (APD) for such proposals. SUBMIT IN TRIPLICATE-Other instructions on reverse side. 7. If Unit or CA/Agreement,Name and/or No. I. Type of II Oil Wel I ❑Gas Well 0 Other 8. Well Name and No 2. Name of Operator Bureau of Land Management Simpson Core Test 26 9. API Well No. 3a Address 3b. Phone No.(include area ) 50-279-10024-10-00 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 907-271-4429 10.Field and Pool,or Exploratory Area 4. Location of Well (Footage,Sec.,T.R.,M,or Surrey Description) NPR-Alaska Lat:70.9356 N Sec.2,T.18N,R.I IW,M.Umiat I I.County or Parish, State Long:154.6844 W North Slope Borough,Alaska 12. CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES)TO INDICATE NATURE OF N(Y110E, REPORT, OR OTHER DATA TYPE OF SUBMISSION TYPE OF ACTION ❑Acidize 0 Deepen ❑Production (Stan/Resume) 0 Water Shut-Off 0 Notice of Intent ❑Alter Casing 0 Fracture Treat 0 Reclamation ❑Welt Integrity 0 Subsequent Report ❑Casing Repair 0 New Construction 0 Recompiete ❑Other ❑Change Plans ID Plug and Abandon 0 Temporarily Abandon ❑Final Abandonment Notice ❑Convert to Injection 0 Plug Back 0 Water Disposal 13. Describe Proposed or Completed Operation(clearly state all pertinent details,including estimated suing date of any proposed work and approximate duration thereof. Ville proposal is to deepen directionally or reconplete horizontally,give subsurface locations and measured and true vertical depths of all pertinent markers and zones. Attach the Bond under which the work will be performed or provide the Bond No.on file with BLMBIA. Required subsequent reports shall be filed within 30 days following completion of the involved operations. If the operation results in a multiple completion or recompletion in a new interval,a Fotm 3160-4 shall be filed once testing has been completed. Final Abandonment Notices shall be filed only after all requirements,including reclamation,have been completed,and the operator has determined that the site is ready for final inspection) Final Well Plug and Abandonment. See attached document: !V O o� Cv t-- r*i tz r CO ,1 DC7 N N 7; �.J 14. t hereby certify that the foregoing is true and correct Name(Printed/Typed) Lucas Munisteri Title Drilling Engineer 15 �7t1 Signature -7+.' Date i 3 1 2016 THIS SPACE FOR FEDERAL OR STATE OFFICE USE Approved b` Title Date Conditions of approval,if any,are attached. Approval of this notice does not warrant or certify that the applicant holds legal or equitable title to those rights in the subject lease Office which would entitle the applicant to conduct operations thereon. Title 18 U.S.C.Section 1001 and Title 43 U.S.C.Section 1212, make it a crime for any person knowingly and willfully to make to any department or agency of the United States any false,fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations as to any matter within its jurisdiction. (Instructions on page 2) • • :"."00;"\1 ",„ ' ,..,, ,...„......./ }I/J/7 SOLSTEN1. 41P 1V' ARSHCREEK NPRA-LEGACY WELL REMEDIATION Simpson Core Test 26 Single Well Program Plug and Abandonment Procedure Date Issued: Wednesday, February 17, 2016 Anticipated Date: Thursday, February 25,2016 Expected Rig Name: Globe 40 Ton Crane Prepared By/Date Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer ��-- "S` i-cai72U16 Agreed BY/Date Jesse Mohrbacher Manager Approved By/Date Rob Brumbaugh Bureau of Land Management • SIMPSON CORE TEST 26 - PLUG AND ABANDONMENT PROCEDURE Information used to develop this program was gathered from all available public sources of information on this well.The current configuration of this this well was determined to the best ability and interpretation of the information.Due the nature of this well and its history there may be some inaccuracy's in the current well configuration.This program covers the final abandonment of the well as it has been interpreted.Therefore, caution needs to be taken at all times during the operation and error on the side of caution. Contents Overview 2 Abandonment Procedure 3 APPENDIX Wellbore Schematics ( DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh Page 11 • Overview Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Procedure OVERVIEW During the winter of 2015—2016 BLM has contracted Marsh Creek and SolstenXP to perform the successful abandonment of legacy wells drilled in NPRA along with the remediation of the location. OBJECTIVE ke 1. Perform all work without causing damage to the environment,harm to people or equipment. s)L`Z 2. Perform all work in a safe and efficient manner. b• 3. Perform the successful final abandonment of the legacy welibores. kj ' k— WELL HISTORY °'`"- • The Legacy Wells Summary Report contains self-contradictory data as follows: tP o Figure 10"Current Wellbore Diagram"found on page 376 of the report is presented as representing the well condition after the 2006 well plugging effort. This diagram -(o.6i indicates that the well is on vacuum with a 2 'r4"tubing string at 210 feet and a 36 sack cement plug(150 feet)covering the perforations from 325 feet to 298 feet. o BLM Daily Well Reports from the 2006 Plugging operation as on file with the AOGCC are consistent with this wellbore diagram. i-) i "o The Well History found on page 375 of the report states; "An inflatable N?activated ,,,_ packer was ran downhole to 160 feet,then topped with approxim'"`"a a yy 36 sacks of Arctic Set Lite cement. ti z Tf> ,'a.%.J i,.".. • 'i- !'d 11" s ti-4 .4..+,,.4-4-,,z, i1.2` r'.'l'-'e o The Well History found on page 375 of the report further states; • Well Condition:The core test remains plugged with a thick column of cement to the surface _ • Wellhead Components:The wellhead remains in place as per the agreement with SHPO.If opened, the four valves will do nothing as it is not capable of flowing oil or gas. o These conditions are mutually exclusive. 4-4-14 • BLM has indicated that no further information than that contained in the Legacy report and on file with AOGCC is available. Therefore,the procedure presented is based on the premise that the data in Figure 10"Current Wellbore Diagram"and the 2006 daily reports is correct and the well conditions are as follows. o The production perforations are isolated by t 3e sack cement plug as indicated. Lid...., .- ,,f o The 2 34 tubing is open ended at 210 feet. """ii / o The 2 34"x 8 5/8"annulus may be in communication with the tubing and contains well 1�,P y5 fluids(oil,water or gas). !�-..1 / o There may be frozen fluids in either the tubing or annulus above 210 feet. )-' ' • The wellhead is comprised of a casing collar with a welded 2"nipple and gate valve functioning as an annulus wingvalve;a casingnipple with welded flange and bolted flange capcontaininga / its PP .t_1K 2 'r4"collar believed to be functioning as the tubing hanger, capped with a flow tree consisting of a 2 1/2'"lower master gate valve, a flow tee with 2 i4"gate valve and a 2"line pipe gate swab valve. Date Issued:2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher 2 I Page BLM: Rob Brumbaugh • S Overview Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Procedure • There was gas reported bubbling around the casing prior to the plugging operation. The well is located in an active seep area. Use caution to contain any mobile oil encountered during excavation and continue to monitor for gas. REQUIRED EQUIPMENT 1) Rig a) Globe 40 Ton Crane 2) Well Control Equipment a) OP' i) 7-1/16 5 Ksi Shaffer Annular ii) 7-1/16 5 Ksi Cameron Type U Double Gate (1) 2-3/8"—3-1/2"VBR (2) Blind Shear b) Kill Line V i) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Check Valve ii) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate valve c) Choke Line 1' i) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate Valve ii) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate Valve iii) Connected to choke with 1502 Hard Line d) Choke Manifold i) 5 x 2"10 Ksi valves ii) 2 x manual chokes e) Accumulator i) 4/5 Station Accumulator ii) Remote Panel 3) Circulating Equipment a) 10 Ksi triplex cement pump 4) Cementing a) Batch Mixer i) 2 x 35 bbl batch mixer i 10 Ksi triplex pump / 5) Storage Tanks a) 2 x ISO Tanks,=6,600 gal i) Steam lines b) Open Top Tank c) 5000 gal waste tank DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 DM: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 Client: Rob Brumbaugh Page 13 • • i ).4 ABANDONM ENT PROCEDURE by 1. Identify surface location of the well and check the area for potential gas. Note:the well had gas 'A-0 . escaping around the casing prior to plugging. If s is encountered cease operations, notify BLM and . 1` wait on orders. SSu L.eY 4 2. Move in required equipment, cement batch mixer, heaters, boiler,circulating tanks, piping, \ generators, scaffolding,tarps, and other wellsite equipment. 4 j 1 3. Mix 20 barrels of 9.6 ppg brine and keep warm and have ready to pump down hole. 4. Confirm that there is no pressure on either the tubing or annulus. Utilizing air at low pressure 1.-6- J �. confirm that the tubing and annulus are in communication. -- .:' . . . . - . •• y Gemmoitietttiert.drop a lead line in the tubing to check for frozen fluid. - Prop Le..) /,,,,� .,c:. c ,.dlzss J r . If frozen fluid is encountered. Pressure test the tubing string to 50 psi for 5 minutes and bleed the v pressure off.Then proceed to testing the casing annulus to 50 psi for 5 minutes and bleed the 0.v pressure off. If there is no pressure communication with the reservoir proceed to cutting the casing kj 0and tubing with a wacks saw, weld on a flange to the casing and rig up the BOP. NOTE: If pressure is encountered, notify BLM, AOGCC,and SolstenXP office and rig up to bleed off pressure. 6. Rig up to circulate warm kill weight fluid down tubing and take returns from the annulus. If tubing is frozen Run in tubing with 1"work string and thaw tubing and annulus to 2.10 feet BGL. POOH with 1"work string. - a f� .5 14.410 7. Circulate down the 2 1/2 inch tubing to fill the well with kill weight fluid. Record volumes required to fill the well. Pump tracer and record volume pumped until tracer is seen in the returns to confirm that circulation is exiting the tubing tail. Circulate surface to surface volume or until returns are consistent. If circulation has not been confirmed at the tubing tail prepare-taia.u4444bi-g 8. Shut down and observe well. If well is stable and circulation has been confirmed through the tubing tail prepare for cementing through the tubing as in step 9. If there are indications of short circuit circulation prepare to pull and lay down tubing prior to cementing as in step 10. - ( , .z+:---f- d'�"rAOc'� 9. If complete tubing circulation has confirmed prepare to cement through tubing as-ffollows: r;e'r • Rig up to cement through the tubing with returns from the annulus per step 11 below. 19. If tubing short circuit circulation has been confirmed prepare to pull and lay down tubing and then cement through work string as follows. • Unbolt tubing head and pull and lay down 21/2"tubing while topping off hole with kill weight fluid. • Run in hole with 2" cementing work string to 210 feet BGL feet. • Rig to cement down work string and take returns from the annulus per step 11 below. 11. Pump an adequate volume of Arctic set cement down the tubing/work string to fill the wellbore from 2.-I0 feet BGL to surface. Pump cement until consistent densified cement returns to surface. 1 /lay T 12. Pull and lay down cementing string(2'Y."tubing-or 2"work string). Top off cement if required. Wait on cement from minimum 6 hours and verify that the plug has not fallen. DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued: 2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date: 2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh i 3 • • Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Procedure 13. Remove any remaining debris from the immediate area of the 8 5/8"casing and carefully excavate to 6 feet BGL. 14. Move in required equipment as required to cut the casing at 5 feet BGL. 15. Cut 8 5/8"casing 5 feet below ground surface. 16. If void space is found at surface notify BLM and prepare to fill the casing to the cutoff with Articset cement. 17. Weld a marker plate that meets current regulations on the casing. 18. Backfill the excavated hole and mound the excavation with gravel or tundra organics to account for settling. 19. Remove any remaining wood piling and debris from the surface of the location and proceed with disposal of waste materials from the site. 20. Return to the site the following summer for stick pick operations. 0??0 • x . 0/0 t ���/f 1 3,`tr ai3C c-.K Date Issued: 2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date: 2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher 4 I P -3g r BLM: Rob Brumbaugh . • r r ABANDONMENT PROCEDURE " 1. Identify surface location of the well and check the area for potential gas. Not .the well had gas escaping around the casing prior to plugging. If gas is encountered cease o erations, notify BLM and wait on orders. 2. Move in required equipment,cement batch mixer,heaters,boiler,cir Mating tanks,piping, generators,scaffolding,tarps,and other wellsite equipment. 3. Confirm that there is nopressure on either the tubing or annulu . Utilizing air at low pressure confirm that the tubing and annulus are in communication. If e tubing and annulus are not in L. A� communication,drop a lead line in the tubing to check for f r.zen fluid. -- •C„,/ TO k- 4,� L�f • NOTE: If pressure is encountered,notify BLM,AOGCC,an. SolstenXP office and rig up to bleed off .f ct't pressure. 4- < P 1 . 4. 'ig us to circu . e kih wei•. id down t in: .nd to - return from t. - :nnul Run in 'J u.i it. ".work tI.•.'in ,r. - - • . .wt • d . mus sfe- .el PO 4E1 g g' �. I � - with ."work string. • J . t w � �► T' - 3 5c{, 5. Circulate down the 2 1/2 inch tubing to fill the w- I with kill weight fluid. Record volumes required to fill the well. Pump tracer and record volume •umped until tracer is seen in the returns to confirm that circulation is exiting the tubing tail.Cir ulate surface to surface volume or until returns are consistent. If circulation has not been co, irmed at the tubing tail prepare to pull tubing 6. Shut down and observe well. If well is able and circulation has been confirmed through the tubing tail prepare for cementing through t e tubing as in step 7. it 7. If complete tubing circulation ha-confirmed prepare to cement through tubing as follows: 7 • . .. : . _ . _ . . .. • • • _ -u • . • :. •- . . _ ••. . . •Halos perstep 9 below. 8. . jy�= 5 . ion as .- - • . . .. . .. . . .' . .'' . . �. • • then s 4 c- . jiff Ting as o ow - Lc Unbolt.�J'Tti1 . , •• .... . • fluid w, • in hol w h 1..c= enting wor stri.:to 210 fe;t : L feet. • Rig to c ent .• work string an• ake returns from the annulus per step 9 below. 9. Pump an adeq ate volume of Arctic set cement down the tubing/work string to fill the wellbore from 210 fee BGL to surface. Pump cement until consistent densified cement returns to surface. 10. • • - - " . . •: . " . : Top off cement if required.Wait on ceme from minimum 6 hours and verify that the plug has not fallen. 11. Remov• any remaining debris from the immediate area of the 8 5/8"casing and carefully excavate to6f- •tBGL. 12. Mov in required equipment as required to cut the casing at 5 feet BGL. 13. Cu 8 5/8"casing 5 feet below ground surface. AJ o .. „Zh It e I„ , "E'er— - 14. If oid space is found at surface notify BLM and prepare to fill the casing to the cutoff with Articset ment. DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh Page 13 • • Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Pr educe 15. Weld a marker plate that meets current regulations on the casing. ea~ at, rl��- .C.1 16. Backfill the excavated hole and mound the excavation with gravel or tundra organics to account for settling. 17. Remove any remaining wood piling and debris from the surface of the location and proceed with disposal of waste materials from the site. 18. Return to the site the following summer Fick pick operations. Date Issued:2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher ! Pagee BLM: Rob Brumbaugh • • 1 1 RKB 3 \ �'� GROUND LEVEL -' - -" --" CEMENT - 350' HEIGHT - 110 SKS CAL-SEAL MARSHCREEK - .. - - 10.625"HOLE 7UNKNOWN WELL FLUIDS 350' MD/TVD 8.625" 29# CASING " WELL CURRENTLY ON VACUUM 350' MD/TVD , ,Vl't$87r 2.5"LINE PIPE TUBING ' 210' MD/TVD ' --210' MD /TVD t✓4r 1:- 5060- —EST. 220' MD/TVD EST. 236' MD/ TVD PERFORATIONS 144 SHOTS 289' TO 325' MD/TVD \'� jyi'lI I CEMENT - 156' HEIGHT { v�- L 350' MD/ TVD - 36 SKS ARCTIC SET Esr. 394' MD/ TVD � 4 EST. 415' MD/ TVD 7.625"HOLE s - - -- 550' 550' MD/TVD -" __ -- — BRINE UNKNOWN WEIGHT — — -- -- 550' MD/ TVD V V V v V 7 v V v 7 v 560' MD/ TVD 7777777 , 7 '7 7 v v V v V ✓ 79 V v 7 7 7 7 7 7 V 7 7 -. ✓ V 0 V 7 '7 7 7 V v '_ " " " DRILLING FLUID 7 V V v 7 v V r - 10.6 PPG 47 '77777 ✓ 7 7 7 V ^ u 7 '7 7 77777 7 -0 \77' 777T. V \777 %- v 7' 780' MD/TVD ✓ V7c7V V" '77777 - 7777 7 V 7 7 6.175" HOLE a 7V70 1,171' MD/TVD • ° c ` 7s77C ,7 7, v v 7 V 7 7 ✓ V V p BHA ABANDONED DOWN HOLE v v 7 V 777vc AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL FISHING ✓ 7 7 V TWO FISH SUSPECTED IN HOLE 77777 V' V 7 ✓ 7 V 7'7 7 LEGEND 7 V 7 ✓ 0 ^ I I CEMENT `, .' I l _J ,7 C DRILLING FLJID 9 7 7 I 1 DIESEL 4 �- .. I .1 BRINE 1,171' MD/TVD ( ( WATER I I PRODUCED FLWD I 1 FILL I 1 OTHER LAT: 70.9356 N LONG: 154.6864 W DATUM: NAD 83 US DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR EAST,###,### US FT NORTH: ###,### US FT ZONE: AAA## "". SIMPSON CORE TEST # 26 SECTION: 2 TOWNSHIP: 18 N RANGE: II W MERIDIAN: UMIAT FEL: #,### FT ENL: #,### FT ELEV: 20.0 FT RKB: 5.0 FT API # 50-279-10024-00-00 SPUD DATE COMPLETION DATE STATUS DATE STATUS PERMIT TO DRILL # 100-1860 :..../ 13 AUG 1950 23 OCT 1950 20 APR 2006 OIL PRODUCER DATE:IS FEB 2016 BY: 5®L S T E N. fr.,, COMMENTS' CURRENT WELLBORE CONFIGURATION LUCAS- REVISION NISTTERI Fr/ REVISION I SCALE: I .,EVE N(R:EON-s, • • RKB m 11 GROUND L V - E EL • ,��•• •••��'v -- _ CEMENT- 350 HEIGHT .•+�,•"�>>"•,p 110 SKS CAL-SEAL. MARSHCREEK r. '❖' '; 10.625' HOLE > i Vit • • 350' MD/TVD • • •.�Y `"— CEMENT-220' HEIGHT 8.625" 29# CASING .1:41.11:4.4%." - 16 BBL 350' MD/TVD a�+ 'ti��:1•ti • N." EST. 236' MD/ TVD ' s PERFORATIONS 144 SHOTS c • 289' To 325' MD/TVD ` E I �►a I CEMENT- 156' HEIGHT ‘--'"1 '" - 36 SKS ARCTIC SET AL .,j �•... �• "---350' MD/TVD EST. 394' MD/ TVD EST. 415' MD/ TVD 7.625'HOLE 550° MD/TVD • BRINE - UNKNOWN WEIGH- - 550' MD/ TVD 560' MD/ TVD V V V V V V C 7 V 7 7 V7 V 7 V V 7 ' VVV V V 7 V 7 7 7 c `.. V V i' 7 7 DRILLING FLUID 7 V 7 V V 7[ - 10.6 PPG VVVVV „ .. ' V 7 V V V 7 V C V 7 7 : 'VV V V 7 780' MD/ IVO '7 7 V V V ' V V V 7 V V 7 V 7 6.175'HOLE y '7 7 V 1,171' MD/TVD 7 V 7 7 V V V 7 7 V V 7 V V ' 7 7 V / BHA ABANDONED DOWN HOLE V V V / AFTER UNSUCCESSFUL FISHING 7 V 7 r Two FISH SUSPECTED IN HOLE V V 7 7 7 V 7 7 LEGEND ( ( CEMENT I DRILLING FLUID ( J DIESEL I I BRINE 1,171' MD/TVD I WATER ( I PRODUCED F;UID I FILL 1 OTHER LAT: 70.9356 N LONG: 154.6844 W DATUM: NAD 83 US DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR EAST#,###,### US FT NORTH: ###,### US FT ZONE: AAA## SECTION: 2 TOWNSHIP: 18 N RANGE: II W MERIDIAN: UMIAT SIMPSON CORE TEST # 26 FEL: #,### FT FNL: #,### FT ELEV: 20.0 FT RKB: 5.0 FT API # 50-279-10024-00-00 SPUD DATE COMPLETION DATE STATUS DATE STATUS PERMIT TO DRILL # 100-1860 13 AUG 1950 23 OCT 1950 20 APR 2006 OIL PRODUCER DATE: COMMENTS: PROPOSED FINAL ABANDONMENT 15 FEE 2016 BY: LUCAS MUNISTERI REVISION: SCALE: REu*iA VERT,CA- RELATIVE MCR RA,A. 11110 • J a J J z z 3 yen Y Y q U cov`�u><or �rno`zCV ol CV CO C:5 7 -- � U (� 0 CO F-t- r-F-F-I-f-r F I-*k , _, .-:, i WC"COcncnWWCO000 w a a ww wwwwww wIf F I-Ff t F H FHFH�� O �k = 7K uw wwwwwicc cc cc cc cc LriJ w¢¢ lh"4ri s • 0 Attachment 1Wlk SimpSen) Core Test#26Wellhead eaci ! Photo air 2"brass gate valve tubing wing gate valve 2 1/2"x 2" swedge 2 1/2"flow tee I 2 1/2" line pipe c C_ 4/J (2< j,( '„ 2 1/2"gate valve J _ `-- 6 r 2 1/2" line pipe L/c f' `-� le''jt -- 8 5/8"flange casing wing gate valve -5 • Overall Height 10 feet c -1 -(4, 7\4 w M 9 5/8" coupling L ‘ Oil seep around surface! / 8 5/8"casing Y f —.:: 4 1 Itil RI t'40 3/13/2006 " ' .=a 19 • • Daily Log — Simpson Core Test #26 4-19-06 (Wednesday,April 19th) Start @ 0515: Wakeup Call @ 0600: Greg/Elaine Ops @ 0630: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0700: Tucker to Simpson Core#30 Ops @ 0800: Open well,no pressure Ops @ 0815: Pump cold water, peg meter(1000 psi) Ops @ 0830: Bleed off pressure/water into mushroom tank Tarp well,place heat on well Ops @ 1000: Check well,pressure at 25 psi, bled just air Call @ 1100: Greg Break @ 1200: Lunch Ops @ 1330: Down to Simpson Core#30 Ops @ 1338: No pressure on well, valve left open, water in well w/ice Ops @ 1400: Back to BLM camp Ops @ 1500: Check out pad size at Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 1515: Cleanup Simpson Core#30 site Ops @ 1530: Move trailers to Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 1630: Back to BLM camp Break @ 1800: Dinner Ops @ 1930: Check on heat on Simpson Core #26 Open well,pressure at 40 psi,vent gas Ops @ 2025: Back to BLM camp 4-20-06(Thursday, April 20th) Start @ 0600: Wakeup Ops @ 0615: Tarp well, fuel up vehicles, back to BLM camp Ops @ 0700: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0800: Pick up Darla Pindell from Ice road Call @ 0830: Jeff Miller, Elaine, Greg Ops @ 0900: Head out to Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 0915: Begin pumping operations @ 80 psi Ops @ 0945: Completed pumping operations on Simpson Core Test#26 50 gal water+ 36 sx cement+ 50 gal water Ws Ops @ 1005: 50 gal cement rinseate to disposal z. Q l Ops @ 1055: Back to BLM camp Ops @ 1115: Move trailers to Simpson Core#31 ti-'"r Ops @ 1215: Back to BLM camp • Call @ 1245: Elaine ;02:2 4 Call @ 1355: Greg Ops @ 1400: Head out w/Tucker to Ice road to meet w/Tim Ops @ 1415: Drop off USGS at Simpson Core#31 • 411) Simpson Core Test##26 Legacy Wells Summary Report � 1;',14:: .- 0$tiii anti x;a, =r' ,fhinga -. O G '� p "v .,•Eastsim , : 481 te s cw, d lest f31. Care O *° '' s ....t:',;:;:'2 +tom.:. tl.+ 1l' Fqy .:1:14'R�P S i° , , .; , ? ,!:;:4‘ . ' .,1' ) ` ,,,,t,"e"- ' `'e �: �" ,fix}' -1,--',.''' .'.ct, ' < f.a:' " '4%,..**.k'it ', COl9 t ' r ' „' r s»- ,4 a �� '" pS 9 ° .. Figuill re 1: General map of the cased Simpson Core Tests. 370 BLM Open File Report 127 • May 2013 A • • - / 5rs y tr P s. 716 t- L EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 After the casing was set at 350 feet, the side of the hole in preventing the well and meters from freezing. After / was scratched from the bottom of the casing to 556 the well began to flow, the shut-in wellhead pressure was feet. The hole was bailed to 550 feet.. The results 60 psi and dropped to 0 psi when flowing. No actual of a 4-hour test showed that the well was producing gage was made on this well because it froze up and shut 5 gallons of water and a trace of oil per hour. The off the flow before gaging facilities could be installed. casing was perforated with 144 shots from 289 to 325 IAn Amerada bomb was stopped at only 5 feet below the feet. The well flowed oil throu.h 210 feet of 21 inch f easing head. If this well had been cased as was Simp- line pipe at an average rate of 110 barrels of oil per I day,gra 1v p 20°API, oil temperature 21°F,and casing son core test 26,it would probably be capable of produc- pressure 47 psi. The well was shut in. ` Ing 120-125 barrels per day. The oil from this well On a 13-day test made 5 months (end of March tested 21° APT, and no water was indicated. 1951) after the completion of drilling, the well pro- g AND OIL ANALYSES duced at an average rate of 92 barrels of oil and 2,500- 3,000 cu ft of gas per day. The bottom-hole pressure The following results were obtained in analyses made ranged from 195 to 215 psi, and the well-head pressure by the National Bureau of Standards from a gas sample was about 25 psi. The oil temperature was 14°-17°F taken at a 395-400 foot depth in Simpson core test 14: and the bottom-hole temperature 13.7°F. Percent The followingis a summaryof another production Methane 98.0 4 p Ethane 0.07 test made at the beginning of May 1951: Propane 0.02 Nitrogen --- 1. 40 Type of flow slug Carbon dioxide. 0. 10 Time of flow 116 hours Total production 597 bbls per day ' Total 99.99 Maximum rate of production 176 bbls per day Mean rate of production 120 bbls per day Weight of crude 21.6° API at 60°F Three samples of crude oil from Simpson core test 26 Formation pressure (static) 250 psig Formation pressure (flowing) 155 psis �f were tested (table 11). Temperature of crude 14°F Basal sediment and water negligible TABLE 11.—Crude-oil analyses from Simpson core test f6 '48-gallon barrels. 'Analyses by U.S.Bur.Mines,Bartlesville,Okla.] The we was again shut in. Depth(set) 300 300-306 289-325 Simpson core test 27.—When the hole was at a depth — of 380 feet, it was bailed to the bottom and was bailed ; +alegaampyed1,1 degrees) Aug.19,1960 Aug.19,19 10 Oct.2 1960 every3 hours for 24 hours. Oil was recovered at the Pour point(°F) <6 <6 Sayhoit viscosity at 100°T . 1,020 480 rate of 3 barrelsper day. Color Greenish black Brownish green Brownish green Sulfur(percent) .41 .40 .36 Gasoline and frettha 0 .0 .0 Simpson core test 30.—When the hole was at a depth Kerosene dist0 0 0 Gas oil .6 19.2 16.9 of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 48-hour production Lubricating distillate 39.6 35.6 37.7 Residuum 48.6 44.9 44.7 test was run. The hole produced oil at the rate of about 6 barrels per day with a very small amount of gas. A more detailed analysis of a crude sample from Simpson core test 30A.--When the hole was at a Simpson core test 31 at 354 feet made by the L.S. depth of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 24-hour pro- Bureau of Mines is given in table 12. duction test was run. Oil was bailed at the rate of 5 Simpson crude is less desirable than that found at barrels per day. When the hole was at a depth of 423 Umiat (Collins, 1958) because it has a somewhat higher feet, gas blew up to the top of the derrick but decreased sulfur content and an API gravity of only 19.5°-21°. considerably thereafter. When the hole was at a total The viscosity is so high (480-1,020 sec. Saybolt at depth of 701 feet, it was bailed to 365 feet, where the 100°F.) that it would require special treatment to bailer stopped on an ice bridge. After reaming out, ship through a pipeline. The pour point is less than the hole was bailed to 701 feet. No oil came in and plus 5°F, as there is no gasoline-naphtha content and only a slight amount of gas. very little gas oil; it contains a fair quantity of good Simpson core test 31.—While coring at 355 feet, the lubrication stock. well began to flow oil. On a 65-hour test the well The sample contained no gasoline. Inspection data flowed an estimated 120-125 barrels of oil and 2,000- on a 629°F diesel fuel prepared from the crude oil by 4,000 cu ft of gas per day. There was some difficulty the Bureau of Mines are tabulated in table 13. • • Schwartz, Guy L (DOA) From: Schwartz, Guy L (DOA) Sent: Thursday, March 31, 2016 1:50 PM To: 'Lucas Munisteri'; Robert Brumbaugh;jesse@solstenxp.com; Drew Laughlin; Miriam Hayes; Lucas Munisteri; Drew Laughlin Subject: RE: Simpson Core Test 26 (100-186) AOGCC also approves cutting casing at GL in Simpson Core Test#26. Well site is active seep area and the wellhead extends out of a pond in summer months. Your proposal as stated below is approved pending good setup of surface cement before capping with steel plate. Regards, Guy SchwartzI\ ��� PR 0 8 2.01B Sr. Petroleum Engineer AOGCC 907-301-4533 cell 907-793-1226 office CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE:This e-mail message, including any attachments, contains information from the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGCC), State of Alaska and is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s). It may contain confidential and/or privileged information.The unauthorized review, use or disclosure of such information may violate state or federal law. If you are an unintended recipient of this e-mail, please delete it, without first saving or forwarding it,and, so that the AOGCC is aware of the mistake in sending it to you,contact Guy Schwartz at(907-793- 1226) or(Guy.schwartz@alaska.Rov). Original Message From: Lucas Munisteri Finailto:lmuniste@myiridium.net] Sent:Thursday, March 31,2016 2:48 AM To: Robert Brumbaugh; jesse@solstenxp.com; Drew Laughlin; Miriam Hayes; Schwartz, Guy L(DOA); Lucas Munisteri; Drew Laughlin Subject: MoC: Simpson Core Test 26 Rob, Background: Simpson Core Test#26 is located in a natural oil seep.The casing is broached somewhere near the bottom of the lake about 4-5 feet below ground level. Update: The well was inspected this morning and the casing was full of cement and there was no pressure at surface or any gas detected.The casing was then cut off 6 inches above ground level. When the casing was cut the heat from the cutting torch caused the oil near the well to become fluid.The oil began to flow up around the outside of the casing and out of the cut in the casing. The casing was allowed to cool before the stump broke off of the well.The cement at surface was highly contaminated with oil. Justification: 1 • There is good cement at 24 feet from the first cement job. No oil column was found on the top of the cement plug.The cement from the top off should be good cement from 24 feet to the base of the lake/hole in the casing where the contamination is occurring.The well in now holding a column of fluid. Plan Forward: Per my conversation with Rob at 10:00. A sample of cement will be taken from the surface cement to determine if the contaminated cement at surface,4-5 feet, will set up. We will then weld the marker plate on the well and burry the well with 3 feet of gravel. Lucas 2 • • Simpson Core Test # 26 Well Status Update and MoC Well History Seep Modificatio► The area around the well was bulldozed and berms built in an attempt to collect the oil flowing from the natural seep in the early 1950's Original Drillin Simpson Core Test# 26 was completed in October of 1950 and was the discovery well for the Simpson Oilfield. The well was drilled in the middle of one of the largest naturally occurring active oil seeps in NPRA. The oil produced from this well is a 200 gravity oil and had a maximum flow rate of 110 BOPD through 2 1/2 inch line pipe. The well is completed in the Nanushuk and Colville groups and is perforated with 144 shots between 289 and 325 feet. The average rate the well produced was 92 BOPD.The maximum surface pressure seen on the well was 47 psi, and the average pressure was 25 psi. When the well was drilled they used 14.2 ppg mud and the oil was still able to cut the mud weight, and this issue occurred during the entire drilling phase. Three drill strings were lost in the well. The well was then perforated and tested three times and then left in its present state considered abandoned. . Figure 1:Simpson Core Test#26,In Active Oil Seep 2006 Abandonment The well was attempted to be abandoned in 2006.The reported operations given in the BLM reports indicate an inflatable packer was set at 160 feet, and 36 sacks of arctic grade cement was pumped • • into the well,followed by 50 gal of water. The well went on a vacuum after the job was completed. This was only indicated in a schematic, and the packer was not indicated in the schematic. Present Abandonment Attempts The well area was prepped for the work, and the well was heated.The well was then tested for communication between the tubing and the casing.The well did not naturally flow when valves were opened. When the pressure was applied to the tubing crude oil flowed out of the annulus. Circulation was then established down the tubing and after 1 bbl pumped brine returns were seen at surface indicating that there is a hole in the tubirIg. 4 { $cs; The tubing flange was unbolted to check the tubing below the flange. When the flange was lifted up, there was no tubing hanging from the flange. The tubing was then run in the well to 44 feet where it tagged up. Began circulating the well to thaw through the obstruction, after 6 feet oil started to flow up the outside of the casing. The circulation was then stopped, and the work string was removed from the well and the flange was bolted back onto the well.The well was then allowed to cool to allow the oil flowing up the outside of the casing to freeze overnight. Rigged up on the well to bullhead cement and established injection rate at 100 psi. Bullheaded 24 bbl cement, after 10 bbl of cement was pumped,flow was observed around the casing. / 44,1 >. Figure 2:Simpson bore I est#lo,how crounu well The cement in the well was then allowed to setup for 3 days. The well was then inspected,there was no pressure on the casing,the casing stump was then tapped with a hammer, and the casing was empty. A plumb bob was run to determine the depth of the cement,the top of the plug was at 24 feet.The well was then topped off with 1.5 bbl of cement and let setup overnight. • • r'` 44,Ast ae' Ap 4. • sfi Figure 3:Simpson Core Test#26,Top Off Cemer When the cement was placed in the well, about 8 oz of thick oil flowed up the outside of the well. The next day the well was inspected, and there was no pressure, and the casing was full of fluid. The well was then cut off 6 inches above grade to prevent the contamination of excavation equipment. - - e `33 Figure 4:Simpson Core Test#26,Post-Cut off After the well was cut a sample of the fluid near the surface was taken and then the marker plate was welded on the well and the location was mounded with gravel to 3 feet above the ground elevation. And location recorded.The fluid that was sampled near the surface was initially thought to be cement contaminated with oil,turned out to be pure oil. • • ,; ./r ya 4't, r Figure 5:Simpson Core Test#26,Mound Understood Well State 1. The well required a minimum of 9 bbl of cement pumped to have a 150-foot cement column in the well and 25.5 bbl of cement was placed in the well. 2. There was a hard surface encountered at 24 feet from the top flange of the well or 18 feet below ground level. 3. The well is located in an active natural oil seep. 4. There is a hole in the casing near the surface. 5. The well did hold a full column of fluid. Assumptions 1. The water that was pumped behind the plug set in 2006 or the water in the seep has frozen and ruptured the casing. 2. The rupture occurred somewhere between 18 feet below GL and the base of the lake. Most likely the base of the lake. 3. The area on the outside of the casing rupture has infinite permeability and is preventing the top section of the casing from holding a cement column by allowing the cement and the oil to swap. • • Schwartz, Guy L (DOA) From: Lucas Munisteri <lucas.munisteri@solstenxp.com> Sent: Saturday, March 19, 2016 9:25 PM To: Schwartz, Guy L(DOA) Cc: Robert Brumbaugh (rbrumbau@blm.gov) Subject: Simpson Core Test#26 MoC Attachments: Lucas Munisteri P E .vcf;ATT00001..htm ( 1 Iry — f '6 (7 Guy, At 1830 on 19 March 2016 I held a conference call with BLM and SolstenXP on site representation to discuss the plan forward for Simpson Core Test#26. Personnel on call Lucas Munisteri, SXP Shane McGeehan, SXP Matt Baker, BLM SCONE° APR 0 4 2016 Amanda, BLM Matt Baker gave an operational review of events that occurred today. Current Status of Simpson Core Test#26 The tubing that was connected to the flange at surface was no longer intact. This led to the crew running in the well with 4 joints of pipe. At 44 feet they tagged an obstruction. The crew then proceeded to circulate 100°F brine to thaw through the obstruction. While working the fifth joint of pipe down, Matt and Scott went below the substructure to check the temperature of the casing. The 8 % in. casing was starting to warm up. Soon after, Boon observed that there was fluid coming up around the outside of the 8 % casing. Shane then had the crew remove the work string from the well and shut down the heat that was blowing on the well head to keep the work area warm. When the tubing was out of the well,the well started to flow oil. The well was allowed to flow oil up the inside of the 8 % in. casing, until the oil that was flowing up the outside of the casing froze off While the well was flowing,2 feet of ratty cement was pushed out of the well. The well was then shut in for the night. The is now a live well,with some pressure at surface. We then discussed the plan forward abandoning the well. Plan Forward for Simpson Core Test#26 1. Allow the well to freeze around the outside of the 8 % casing overnight. 2. Identify the pressure rating of the flange. 3. Rig containment around outside of the 8 % casing to collect and returns that come from around the outside of the casing. 4. Rig up to bullhead cement in the well. 5. Mix 26.8 bbl of 12.5 ppg cement. The max anticipated volume required is 15.9 bbl, however, be prepared to mix a second batch. 1. Add17.7 bbl water to the batch mixer. 2. Add 1 gallon of D230 (Dispersant)to the water. NOTE: More is not better, Too much of the dispersant can make the cement fallout in the batch mixer and not possible to mix. If more is needed add it in V2 gallon increments. The effects should be seen in 1 - 2 minutes. 1 110 3. Add 73.6 sx(80001s, 4 sex)to the batch mixer and mix cement. 6. Begin pumping the cement down the well. Max pressure should not exceed 50 psi or the rating of the flange if identifiable at the flange. 7. Monitor wellhead and area around the casing for leaks or fluid flow. If fluid flow occurs continue to pump cement until cement returns come up around the casing not to exceed 2 batches (53.6 bbl). Pump returns from containment into open top barrels. 8. Shut well in and clean up batch mixer 9. Allow cement to cure overnight. Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer Direct: (907) 264-6114 Mobile: (907) 406-4333 Main: (907)279-6900 Email: Lucas.Munisteri@SolstenXP.com SolstenXP 406 West Fireweed Lane Suite 101 Anchorage Alaska 99503 E-mail disclaimer:The information in this e-mail is confidential and may be legally privileged.It is intended solely for the addressee(s)only.Access to this e-mail by anyone else is unauthorized.If you are not the intended recipient,any disclosure,copying,distribution or an action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it,is prohibited and may be unlawful.Within the bounds of the law,electronic transmission through internal and external networks may be monitored to ensure compliance with internal policies and legitimate business purposes. 2 • , OF ? • 4,14',1//7,..s. THE STATE Alaska Oil and Gas •F,.s—its, of Conservation Commission ,- ALAS]<CA ttsi}F2 i1 333 West Seventh Avenue �. , GOVERNOR BILL WALKER Anchorage, Alaska 99501-3572 .". Main: 907.279.1433 OF ALAS*� Fax: 907.276.7542 www.aogcc.alaska.gov Lucas Munisteri Drilling Engineer Bureau of Land Management ,;,,0v 2222 West 7th Avenue, Ste. 13 �� 5,Anchorage, AK 99513 ,(,0l�lt� Re: NPRA Field, Exploratory Pool, Simpson Core Test 26 Permit to Drill Number: 100-186 Sundry Number: 316-143 Dear Mr. Munisteri: Enclosed is the approved application for sundry approval relating to the above referenced well. Please note the conditions of approval set out in the enclosed form. As provided in AS 31.05.080, within 20 days after written notice of this decision, or such further time as the AOGCC grants for good cause shown, a person affected by it may file with the AOGCC an application for reconsideration. A request for reconsideration is considered timely if it is received by 4:30 PM on the 23rd day following the date of this letter, or the next working day if the 23rd day falls on a holiday or weekend. Sincerely, P� Cathy P. oerster Chair 'ftDATED this l7 of March, 2016. RBDMS L'.- MAR 1 8 2016 RECEIVED' STATE OF ALASKA '3 / I.8( !o ALASKA OIL AND GAS CONSERVATION COMMISSION ,° APPLICATION FOR SUNDRY APPROVALS 20 AAC 25.280 1.Type of Request: Abandon CI Plug Perforations❑ Fracture Stimulate ❑ Repair Well ❑ Operations shutdown❑ Suspend El Perforate ❑ Other Stimulate ❑ Pull Tubing ❑ Change Approved Program❑ Plug for Redrill ❑ Perforate New Pool ❑ Re-enter Susp Well ❑ Alter Casing ❑ Other ❑ 2.Operator Name: 4.Current Well Class: 5.Permit to Drill Number: Bureau of Land Management Exploratory 0• Development ❑ 100-1860 ' 3.Address: Stratigraphic ❑ Service ❑ 6.API Number. 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 50-279-10024-00-00 • 7. If perforating: 8.Well Name and Number. What Regulation or Conservation Order governs well spacing in this pool? Simpson Core Test No. 26 Will planned perforations require a spacing exception? Yes ❑ No IL 9.Propert Designation(Lease Number): 10. Field/Pool(s): Property - rOPAA-- NP RA / 6.y ph r'P^f'-pe-in 11. PRESENT WELL CONDITION SUMMARY Total Depth MD(ft): Total Depth TVD(ft): Effective Depth MD: Effective Depth TVD: MPSP(psi): Plugs(MD): Junk(MD): i I I7.1 t /I?1 76° Casing Length Size MD TVD Burst Collapse Structural Conductor 345 8.625 29# 350 350 Surface Intermediate Production Liner Perforation Depth MD(ft):#/a3 Perforation Depth TVD(ft): Tubing Size: Tubing Grade: Tubing MD(ft): 0Z8I • Sas' NA 2.5" Line Pipe ,. 2 (o Packers and SSSV Type: Packers and SSSV MD(ft)and TVD(ft): NA NA 12.Attachments: Proposal Summary El Wellbore schematic 0 13.Well Class after proposed work: Detailed Operations Program ID BOP Sketch ❑ Exploratory 0 - Stratigraphic❑ Development❑ Service ❑ 14.Estimated Date for 3/9/2006 15.Well Status after proposed work: Commencing Operations: OIL ❑ WINJ ❑ WDSPL ❑ Suspended ❑ 16.Verbal Approval: Date: GAS ❑ WAG ❑ GSTOR ❑ SPLUG ❑ Commission Representative: GINJ ❑ Op Shutdown ❑ Abandoned 0- 17. I hereby certify that the foregoing is true and the procedure approved herein will not be deviated from without prior written approval. Contact Lucas Munisteri Email lucas.munisteri@solstenxp.com Printed Name Lucas Munisteri Title Drilling Engineer !/�C7L Signature Phone 907-264-6114 Bete----- 414161111 t j FEB 8 2016 COMMISSION USE ONLY Conditions of approval: Notify Commission so that a representative may witness -------- .-. Sundry Number. alb -i 4 Plug Integrity V BOP Test❑ Mechanical Integrity Test ❑ Location Clearance IJP $ic r►+eme-e- L-e.,t k• Other: # (/11v do(_4- J C.-w-S.sp G4zAI-0 4 ; ft) Q,f) eto,-€._. . 4- A(+.e-ret ems., P'j p flc c. ►..-.e-ti.A e;11/0r6 v �•-� Zt>A4C- .11 Z C Post Initial Injection MIT Req'd? Yes ❑ No ❑ Spacing Exception Required? Yes ❑ Nom Subsequent Form Required: /0--q 0 RBDMS 1/v MAR 1 8 2016 Q AtCOMMISSIONAPPROVED BY Approved by: / ....___ M'�' O R} ! Date: -3—:U::ft W.1- va lication is vafi f2 months from the date of val. Attachments in Du licate 04 Farm 10-403 Revised 11/2015 Approved pp app P P.m • Faun 3160-5 UNITED STATES FORM APPROVED (April 2004) 37 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OMes:Mar h31,2 Expires:March 31,2007 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT 5.Lease Serial No. SUNDRY NOTICES AND REPORTS ON WELLS Do not use this form for proposals to drill or to re-enter an 6. If Indian,Allottee or Tribe Name abandoned well. Use Form 3160-3 (APD) for such proposals. SUBMIT IN TRIPLICATE-Other instructions on reverse side. 7. If Unit or CA/Agreement,Name and/or No. 1. Type o II. Oil Well❑❑ ❑Gas Well❑- n Other 8. Well Name and Na 2.Name of Operator Simpson Core Test 26 Bureau of Land Management 9. API Well No. 3a Address 3b. Phone No.(include area code) 50-279-10024-00-00 222 West 7th Avenue,#13 Anchorage,AK 99513 907-271-4429 10.Field and Pool,or Exploratory Area 4. Location of Well (Footage,Sec.,T,R.,M,or Survey Description) NPR-Alaska Lat:70.9356 N Sec.2,T.18N,R.11W,M.Umiat 11. County or Parish, State Long:154.6844 W North Slope Borough,Alaska 12. CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES)TO INDICATE NATURE OF NOTICE, REPORT, OR OTHER DATA TYPE OF SUBMISSION TYPE OF ACTION ❑Acidize ❑Deepen ❑Production (Start/Resume) ❑Water Shut-Off E Notice of Intent ❑Alter Casing ❑Fracture Treat ❑Reclamation ❑Well Integrity ❑Casing Repair ElNew Construction ❑Recomplete ElOther ❑Subsequent Report ❑Change Plans E Plug and Abandon ❑Temporarily Abandon ❑Final Abandonment Notice ❑Plug Back El Water Disposal ❑Convert to Injection 13. Describe Proposed or Completed Operation(clearly state all pertinent details,including estimated starting date of any proposed work and approximate duration thereof. If the proposal is to deepen directionally or recomplete horizontally,give subsurface locations and measured and true vertical depths of all pertinent markers and zones. Attach the Bond under which the work will be performed or provide the Bond No. on file with BLM/BIA. Required subsequent reports shall be filed within 30 days following completion of the involved operations. If the operation results in a multiple completion or recompletion in a new interval,a Form 3160-4 shall be filed once testing has been completed. Final Abandonment Notices shall be filed only after all requirements,including reclamation,have been completed,and the operator has determined that the site is ready for final inspection.) Final Well Plug and Abandonment. See attached document: -*7 'r- Cly P1 to IV >U1 14. I hereby certify that the foregoing is true and correct Name(Printed/Typed) Lucas Munisteri Title Drilling Engineer Signature `' Date .: 1 7 2016 THIS SPACE FOR FEDERAL OR STATE OFFICE USE Approved by_ Title Date Conditions of approval,if any,are attached. Approval of this notice does not warrant or certify that the applicant holds legal or equitable title to those rights in the subject lease Office which would entitle the applicant to conduct operations thereon. Title 18 U.S.C. Section 1001 and Title 43 U.S.C.Section 1212, make it a crime for any person knowingly and willfully to make to any department or agency of the United States any false,fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations as to any matter within its jurisdiction. (Instructions on page 2) • • /••"i„) • SOLSTEWirp BARS HCRE EK. NPRA-LEGACY WELL REMEDIATION Simpson Core Test 26 Single Well Program Plug and Abandonment Procedure Date Issued: Wednesday, February 17, 2016 Anticipated Date: Thursday, February 25, 2016 Expected Rig Name: Globe 40 Ton Crane Prepared By/Date Lucas Munisteri 1 7 1016;B Drilling Engineer _ Agreed BY/Date Jesse Mohrbacher Manager Approved By/Date Rob Brumbaugh Bureau of Land Management 0 I SIMPSON CORE TEST 26 - PLUG AND ABANDONMENT PROCEDURE Information used to develop this program was gathered from all available public sources of information on this well.The current configuration of this this well was determined to the best ability and interpretation of the information. Due the nature of this well and its history there may be some inaccuracy's in the current well configuration.This program covers the final abandonment of the well as it has been interpreted.Therefore, caution needs to be taken at all times during the operation and error on the side of caution. Contents Overview 2 Abandonment Procedure 3 APPENDIX Wellbore Schematics DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh Page II. • • Overview Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Procedure OVERVIEW During the winter of 2015—2016 BLM has contracted Marsh Creek and SolstenXP to perform the successful abandonment of legacy wells drilled in NPRA along with the remediation of the location. OBJECTIVE 1. Perform all work without causing damage to the environment, harm to people or equipment. tjf-E 2. Perform all work in a safe and efficient manner. A-yL, 3. Perform the successful final abandonment of the legacy wellbores. e 411)1.-WELL HISTORY �i‘/3 • s4d1 41) • The Legacy Wells Summary Report contains self-contradictory data as follows: & o Figure 10 "Current Wellbore Diagram"found on page 376 of the report is presented as representing the well condition after the 2006 well plugging effort. This diagram .713_10.14 indicates that the well is on vacuum with a 2%"tubing string at 210 feet and a 36 sack cement plug(150 feet)covering the perforations from 325 feet to 298 feet./ o BLM Daily Well Reports from the 2006 Plugging operation as on file with the AOGCC are consistent with this wellbore diagram. 6 o The Well History found on page 375 of the report states; "An inflatable N2 activated packer was ran downhole to 160 feet,then topped with approximately 36 sacks of Arctic Set Lite cement. # To., <j,. r4-'k-c.r, o The Well History found on page 375 of the report further states; ■ Well Condition:The core test remains plugged with a thick column of cement to the surface _ 2-LV-(4 • Wellhead Components:The wellhead remains in place as per the agreement with SHPO. If opened, the four valves will do nothing as it is not capable of flowing oil or gas. o These conditions are mutually exclusive. • BLM has indicated that no further information than that contained in the Legacy report and on file with AOGCC is available. Therefore, the procedure presented is based on the premise that the data in Figure 10"Current Wellbore Diagram"and the 2006 daily reports is correct and the well conditions are as follows. 14`� o The production perforations are isolated by t 6 sackiEement plug as indicated. Veto-a& -% ! o The 2'/2 tubing is open ended at 210 feet. el. o The 2'A"x 8 5/8"annulus may be in communication with the tubing and contains well Peess fluids(oil,water or gas). be-44'; 1 o There may be frozen fluids in either the tubing or annulus above 210 feet. • The wellhead is comprised of a casing collar with a welded 2"nipple and gate valve functioning as an annulus wing valve; casing ✓ .l� a with welded flange and bolted flange cap containing a � ZK 2%"collar believed to be functioning as the tubing hanger, capped with a flow tree consisting of a 2 1/2"lower master gate valve, a flow tee with 2%"gate valve and a 2"line pipe gate swab valve. Date Issued:2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher 2 I P a g e BLM: Rob Brumbaugh • • Overview Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Procedure • There was gas reported bubbling around the casing prior to the plugging operation. The well is located in an active seep area. Use caution to contain any mobile oil encountered during excavation and continue to monitor for gas. REQUIRED EQUIPMENT 1) Rig a) Globe 40 Ton Crane 2) Well Control Equipment a) COP' i) 7-1/16 5 Ksi Shaffer Annular ii) 7-1/16 5 Ksi Cameron Type U Double Gate (1) 2-3/8"—3-1/2"VBR (2) Blind Shear b) Kill Line V i) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Check Valve ii) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate valve c) Choke Line ✓' i) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate Valve ii) 2-1/16"5 Ksi Manual Gate Valve iii) Connected to choke with 1502 Hard Line d) Choke Manifold i) 5 x 2" 10 Ksi valves ii) 2 x manual chokes e) Accumulator i) 4/5 Station Accumulator ii) Remote Panel 3) Circulating Equipment a) 10 Ksi triplex cement pump 4) Cementing a) Batch Mixer i) 2 x 35 bbl batch mixer ii) 10 Ksi triplex pump / 5) Storage Tanks a) 2 x ISO Tanks,=6,600 gal i) Steam lines b) Open Top Tank c) 5000 gal waste tank DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 DM: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 Client: Rob Brumbaugh Page 13 • ABANDONM ENT PROCEDURE 1. Identify surface location of the well and check the area for potential gas. Note:the well had gas „IA-066- 3 escaping around the casing prior to plugging. If s is encountered cease operations, notify BLM and (�l wait on orders. eSSLt,lt.rr 2. Move in required equipment, cement batch mixer, heaters, boiler,circulating tanks, piping, generators,scaffolding,tarps, and other wellsite equipment. 4j, 3. Mix 20 barrels of 9.6 ppg brine and keep warm and have ready to pump down hole. 4. Confirm that there is no pressure on either the tubing or annulus. Utilizing air at low pressure 1-1c ' confirm that the tubing and annulus are in communication. - - . :'-. - •: . . • . - '• c , drop a lead line in the tubing to check for frozen fluid. - Peel() Le.1 l iA.s- (./�NJ less 5. If frozen fluid is encountered. Pressure test the tubing string to 50 psi for 5 minutes and bled the z, pressure off.Then proceed to testing the casing annulus to 50 psi for 5 minutes and bleed the pressure off. If there is no pressure communication with the reservoir proceed to cutting the casing It) � and tubing with a wacks saw, weld on a flange to the casing and rig up the BOP. ts KwJ ( v- NOTE: If pressure is encountered, notify BLM,AOGCC, and SolstenXP office and rig up to bleed off pressure. 6. Rig up to circulate warm kill weight fluid down tubing and take returns from the annulus. If tubing is frozen Run in tubing with 1" work string and thaw tubing and annulus to2-lefeet BGL. POOH with 1" work string. - a 'r Si 11 Gz" 7. Circulate down the 21/2 inch tubing to fill the well with kill weight fluid. Record volumes required to fill the well. Pump tracer and record volume pumped until tracer is seen in the returns to confirm that circulation is exiting the tubing tail. Circulate surface to surface volume or until returns are consistent. If circulation has not been confirmed at the-tubing 8. Shut down and observe well. If well is stable and circulation has been confirmed through the tubing tail prepare for cementing through the tubing as in step 9. If there are indications of short circuit circulation prepare to pull and lay down tubing prior to cementing as in step 10. -- 4°""-- 9. If complete tubing circulation has confirmed prepare to cement through tubing as-follows: • Unbolt tubing hanger flange and pull 5 feet to confirm that tubing is free. • Reseat and bolt tubing hanger • Rig up to cement through the tubing with returns from the annulus per step 11 below. 1frit. If tubing short circuit circulation has been confirmed prepare to pull and lay down tubing and then cement through work string as follows. • Unbolt tubing head and pull and lay down 2 %2"tubing while topping off hole with kill weight fluid. • Run in hole with 2"cementing work string to 210 feet BGL feet. • Rig to cement down work string and take returns from the annulus per step 11 below. 11. Pump an adequate volume of Arctic set cement down the tubing/work string to fill the wellbore ti jit from feet BGL to surface. Pump cement until consistent densified cement returns to surface. /A-T- 12. Pull and lay down cementing string(21/2"tubing or 2" work string).Top off cement if required. Wait on cement from minimum 6 hours and verify that the plug has not fallen. DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued: 2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date: 2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh 7, a p 13 Simpson Core Test 26 -Plug and Abandonment Pr edure 13. Remove any remaining debris from the immediate area of the 8 5/8" casing and carefully excavate to 6 feet BGL. 14. Move in required equipment as required to cut the casing at 5 feet BGL. a 15. Cut 8 5/8" casing 5 feet below ground surface. 16. If void space is found at surface notify BLM and prepare to fill the casing to the cutoff with Articset cement. 17. Weld a marker plate that meets current regulations on the casing. 18. Backfill the excavated hole and mound the excavation with gravel or tundra organics to account for settling. 19. Remove any remaining wood piling and debris from the surface of the location and proceed with disposal of waste materials from the site. 20. Return to the site the following summer for stick pick operations. gRo x O(, c 6311/2-( = 13.K crKT Date Issued: 2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date: 2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher 4 , a g e BLM: Rob Brumbaugh • • • ABANDONMENT PROCEDURE I 1. Identify surface location of the well and check the area for potential gas. Not,.the well had gas i escaping around the casing prior to plugging. If gas is encountered cease o,,erations, notify BLM and wait on orders. 2. Move in required equipment,cement batch mixer, heaters, boiler, cir'ulating tanks, piping, generators,scaffolding,tarps,and other wellsite equipment. (. • 3. Confirm that there is no pressure on either the tubing or annulu Utilizing air at low pressure confirm that the tubing and annulus are in communication. If e tubing and annulus are not in 1.Efl� 1.-1"E-- communication,drop a lead line in the tubing to check for f..zen fluid. -- To<- L'/ NOTE: If pressure is encountered, notify BLM,AOGCC, an. SolstenXP office and rig up to bleed off • 0 t' pressure. �l`,,,,,T j 4. •ig u• to circu kill wei•r uid down t, in: '.nd to return from t :nnul Run in u.i : it. ork trngi Jnr wt dlus � feLe P••H 2 with work string. ,t i 1, V 5a,. r'' 3 .»..,•-� 5. Circulate down the 21/2 inch tubing to fill the w- I with kill weight fluid. Record volumes required to fill the well. Pump tracer and record volume •umped until tracer is seen in the returns to confirm that circulation is exiting the tubing tail. Cir ulate surface to surface volume or until returns are consistent. If circulation has not been co. irmed at the tubing tail prepare to pull tubing 6. Shut down and observe well. If well is able and circulation has been confirmed through the tubing tail prepare for cementing through t e tubing as in step 7. •' : - - :- ' - it • - ••• . -.. - • • •• _ . . • . :• - • . • -••-• ••: . •• -• - 7. If complete tubing circulation ha confirmed prepare to cement through tubing as follows: . • - " .• - - - . :- - • .• u ._ - - . / • Respatanrl hiJt.t-.e _ : - 0 • - - • • 'J•-1 a • :• 0- : .. - - . • •a •.- annulus per step1'be ow. 8. •' a ion as •e- • -. . -.. - . •• . . .y•• • 14101: . . then c- - •ugArrngas o ows� Unbolt . • s_.-- _ : ••• � ..r . •. , fA.. • - ..•• - •• •• ., • ! • fluid ____ • in hol- w h 1" c:. enting wor stria: to 210 fe: :' L feet. • Rig to c- ent •• work string an. ake returns from the annulus per step 9 below. 9. Pump an adeq -ate volume of Arctic set cement down the tubing/work string to fill the wellbore from 210 fee BGL to surface. Pump cement until consistent densified cement returns to surface. 10. • - • -• . -- , - -: " - - . • " . • , ••: .Top off cement if required.Wait on ceme from minimum 6 hours and verify that the plug has not fallen. 11. Remov- any remaining debris from the immediate area of the 8 5/8"casing and carefully excavate to6fe-tBGL. 12. Mov in required equipment as required to cut the casing at 5 feet BGL. 13. Cu 8 5/8"casing 5 feet below ground surface. ti 0 I 7 .Z .s1,i-e. tr '10 �`�i �*4`'c-`' - 14. If oid space is found at surface notify BLM and prepare to fill the casing to the cutoff with Articset ement. DE: Lucas Munisteri Date Issued:2/17/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 BLM: Rob Brumbaugh Page 13 • Simpson Core Test 26-Plug and Abandonment Prgfedure 15. Weld a marker plate that meets current regulations on the casing. re Z� �4 `` zs •i 2 16. Backfill the excavated hole and mound the excavation with gravel or tundra organics to account for settling. 17. Remove any remaining wood piling and debris o/e surface of the location and proceed with disposal of waste materials from the site. 18. Return to the site the following summer f ick pick operations. / Date Issued:2/17/2016 DE: Lucas Munisteri Anticipated Date:2/25/2016 M: Jesse Mohrbacher 4 I BLM: Rob Brumbaugh • • RKB— ��.`•••lili GROUND LEVEL +++++ -++++ +++'- —CEMENT- 350' HEIGHT + + + + + - + + - 110 SKS CAL-SEAL MARSHCREEK + + + + + + . + + - + + + + - + + + + + - + + 10.625" HOLE + + - + + + + 350' MD/TVD +++++ .++++ UNKNOWN WELL FLUIDS 8.625" 29# CASING + + + + + WELL CURRENTLY ON VACUUM 350' MD/TVD pVL`l t`j'3"kee +++++ ++++ F +Y+ + + + 2.5" LINE PIPE TUBING r + + 210' MD/TVD + �-�+ 210' MD / TVD 1tit .� �EsT. 220' MD / TVD • EST. 236' MD / TVD PERFORATIONS 144 SHOTS •i••i•Jii•�•ii!ii•iii • • • RKB GROUND LEVELc•i CEMENT 350' HEIGHT •` i0iiiiiii• ' - 110 SKS CAL-SEALi • • MARS HCREEK 0.625" HOLE > ��+i•••:40iii•! {;••••.�•.•.••.,:•:4 4 — CEMENT — 220' HEIGHT 350' MD/TVD *:+*::::::::::::' 8.625" 29# CASING ;:•::::::::::*** - 16 BBL 350' MD/TVD y :•::::::::::***:•::::::::::***,•i �a Z aLU Y (11)) 14.1. 0 ( w a D a,- — Y — U �(l 't '1- ,..cy cy c\J cy OD C)0) '- 41 T fi 1' IS -I ;;4t* 4*** * * Co ' W HH HHHHHH H F :. :{ w w W w w w w w w W w w ." 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U Q ~ T Y W z I I U N o ., V) 0 5Z I O cN w w N 1 Z G _ wmoo a \/ a I oC 0 H ~ D 1 DU) 0 (/) OTOw Z LU CO m O U C 7 Z Q 0 O 0 >w m N z Occ CC Q I-D 2E • 0 AttachmentSitnmpm Came'Test#26 Wellhead / P!'m -_ 2" brass gate valve tubing wing gate valve 2 1/2"x 2"swedge 21/2"flow tee 21/2" line pipe c 4 i i2,N tC 2 112"gate valve itse c' 2 1/2" line pipe i c,(© p „..„, `-1 a. _= 8 5/8"flange casing wing gate valve Overall Height r, 10 feet r 3--/a-C� /2 1� 6"' V 9 5/8"coupling V Oil seep around surface! I \ , 8 5/8"casing y I IL NI 3/13/2006 wanaittiglii0 19 41. Daily Log — Simpson Core Test #26 4-19-06 (Wednesday, April 19th) Start @ 0515: Wakeup Call @ 0600: Greg/Elaine Ops @ 0630: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0700: Tucker to Simpson Core#30 Ops @ 0800: Open well,no pressure Ops @ 0815: Pump cold water,peg meter(1000 psi) Ops @ 0830: Bleed off pressure/water into mushroom tank Tarp well,place heat on well Ops @ 1000: Check well,pressure at 25 psi,bled just air Call @ 1100: Greg Break @ 1200: Lunch Ops @ 1330: Down to Simpson Core#30 Ops @ 1338: No pressure on well,valve left open, water in well w/ice Ops @ 1400: Back to BLM camp ____ Ops @ 1500: Check out pad size at Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 1515: Cleanup Simpson Core#30 site Ops @ 1530: Move trailers to Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 1630: Back to BLM camp Break @ 1800: Dinner Ops @ 1930: Check on heat on Simpson Core#26 Open well,pressure at 40 psi,vent gas Ops @ 2025: Back to BLM camp 4-20-06 (Thursday,April 20th) Start @ 0600: Wakeup Ops @ 0615: Tarp well, fuel up vehicles,back to BLM camp Ops @ 0700: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0800: Pick up Darla Pindell from Ice road Call @ 0830: Jeff Miller, Elaine, Greg Ops @ 0900: Head out to Simpson Core#26 Ops @ 0915: Begin pumping operations @ 80 psi Ops @ 0945: Completed pumping operations on Simpson Core Test#26 50 gal water+36 sx cement+ 50 gal water b5 Ops @ 1005: 50 gal cement rinseate to disposal 1 Ops @ 1055: Back to BLM camp N � Ops @ 1115: Move trailers to Simpson Core#31 Ops @ 1215: Back to BLM camp Call @ 1245: Elaine ,2�_ Call @ 1355: Greg �j^"�1 Ops @ 1400: Head out w/Tucker to Ice road to meet w/Tim Ops @ 1415: Drop off USGS at Simpson Core#31 Simpson Core Test#26 • • Legacy Wells Summary Report Minga• Y 4 �. ,, 0;,; p"Svn ore Te$ 1 h < �.„ O rFpsoncope Test#15 East Simpson#2• Simp='• Co Test ate. #14&14A. t '4' 14 `. QIP k s 11 ., r x,';. Sicipson Core Test#31 i" " i L \Y. , kt .-,,,.:, .:.-A,..,.,.:2 .- -,,, .- y,:-..1.--- . ,t\'.4: ,,,,,.1, ' •fie '.n = �k� '� N,R k Simpson Core Test#21 '' Simpson Core Test#2.6 Or • •Simpson Core Test#30&30a Simpson Core Test#29 ;', ':,-; .',' .iiik)i...-0'."."`'`_ -'aG,o6o r= 0.. "Wes 0::::> pson#1 4krs.' Figure 1: General map of the cased Simpson Core Tests. 370 BLM Open File Report 127 • May 2013 • �- • 716 j 4 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 / After the casing was set at 350 feet, the side of the hole in preventing the well and meters from freezing. After was scratched from the bottom of the casing to 550 the well began to flow, the shut-in wellhead pressure was feet. The hole was bailed to 550 feet. The results 60 psi and dropped to 0 psi when flowing. No actual of a 4-hour test showed that the well was producing gage was made on this well because it froze up and shut 5 gallons of water and a trace of oil per hour. The )off the flow before gaging facilities could be installed. casing was perforated with 144 shots from 289 to 325 ;'An Amerada bomb was stopped at only 5 feet below the feet. The well flowed oil throu_•h 210 feet of 2%-inch casing head. If this well had been cased as was Simp- line pipe at an average rate of 110 barrels of oil per -day, gravity 20°APIZ oil temperature 21°Fand casing son core test 26,it would probably be capable of produc- pressure 47 psi. The well was shut in. ing 120-125 barrels per day. The oil from this well On a 13-day test made 5 months (end of Marchi tested 21° API, and no water was indicated. 1951) after the completion of drilling, the well pro- GAS AND OIL ANALYSES duced at an average rate of 92 barrels of oil and 2,500- 3,000 cu ft of gas per day. The bottom-hole pressure The following results were obtained in analyses made ranged from 195 to 215 psi, and the well-head pressure by the National Bureau of Standards from a gas sample was about 25 psi. The oil temperature was 14°-17°F taken at a 395-400 foot depth in Simpson core test 14: and the bottom-hole temperature 13.7°F. Percent The following is a summary of another production Methane 98. 4 Ethane 0. 07 test made at the beginning of May 1951: Propane 0.02 Nitrogen _ 1. 40 Type of flow slug Carbon dioxide 0. 10 Time of flow 116 hours Total production 597 bbls per day t Total 99.99 Maximum rate of production 176 bbls per day Mean rate of production 120 bbls per day Weight of crude 21.6° API at 60°F Three samples of crude oil from Simpson core test 26 Formation pressure (static) 250 psi Formation pressure (flowing) 155 psig were tested (table 11). Temperature of crude 14°F Basal sediment and water negligible TABLE 11.-Crude-oil analyses from Simpson core test 26 1 48-gallon barrels. [Analyses by U.S.Bur.Mines,Bartlesvllle,Okla.] The well was again shut M. Depth(feet) 300 300-306 289-325 Simpson core test 27.-When the hole was at a depth of 380 feet, it was bailed to the bottom and was bailed API lye(in degrees) Aug.19,1950 Aug.19,29 0 Oct.26,1.0 1950 19.6 every3 hours for 24 hours. Oil was recovered at the Pony pint o F) <5 <5 Saybolt viscosity at 100°F____ 1,020 480 rate of 3 barrels er da Color Greenish black Brownish green Brownish green l� y Sulfur(percent) .41 .40 .36 Gasoline and naphtha .0 .0 .0 Simpson core test 30.-When the hole was at a depth Kerosene distillate .0 .0 .0 Gas oil .5 19.2 16.9 of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 48-hour production Lubricating distillate 39.6 35.6 37.7 Residuum 48.6 44.9 44.7 test was run. The hole produced oil at the rate of about 6 barrels per day with a very small amount of gas. A more detailed analysis of a crude sample from Simpson core test 30A.--When the hole was at a Simpson core test 31 at 354 feet made by the U.S. depth of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 24-hour pro- Bureau of Mines is given in table 12. duction test was run. Oil was bailed at the rate of 5 Simpson crude is less desirable than that found at barrels per day. When the hole was at a depth of 423 Umiat (Collins, 1958) because it has a somewhat higher feet, gas blew up to the top of the derrick but decreased sulfur content and an API gravity of only 19.5°-21°, considerably thereafter. When the hole was at a total The viscosity is so high (480-1,020 sec. Saybolt at depth of 701 feet, it was bailed to 365 feet, where the 100°F.) that it would require special treatment to bailer stopped on an ice bridge. After reaming out, ship through a pipeline. The pour point is less than the hole was bailed to 701 feet. No oil came in and plus 5°F, as there is no gasoline-naphtha content and only a slight amount of gas. very little gas oil; it contains a fair quantity of good Simpson core test 31.-While coring at 355 feet, the lubrication stock. well began to flow oil. On a 65-hour test the well The sample contained no gasoline. Inspection data flowed an estimated 120-125 barrels of oil and 2,000- on a 629°F diesel fuel prepared from the crude oil by 4,000 cu ft of gas per day. There was some difficulty the Bureau of Mines are tabulated in table 13. t Explanation Page 100-186 ,~,m„„~moef III~hNIIIIIMI~NIIII~NI~1~InN These well numbers (typically beginning with 100) precede the beginning of the Commission. No permits were issued and no formal folder of record (information) created. Information known to the Commission through other agencies, journals, reports, news or additional historical means has been collected and entered into a database of Well History information. If specific information exists, these pages may be filed in this folder. Occasionally, the information has been obtained from a report that may deal with a general area and many wells. If or when possible, we may be able to `point' the person interested in this specific well to one or more of these information sources. However, at best, this will be incomplete and independent research should be conducted to locate, if available, further information about a particular well site. ~5 p~ ~ tt~ s~~.d P`~ ~-tl~ ~~- alwny5 o>r r • THE STATE Department of Environmental 011-1LASKL'1 GOVERNOR SEAN PARNELL RECEIVED FEB 0 7 2014 February 4, 2014 A0GCC Certified Mail, Return Receipt Requested Article No.: 7012 2210 0002 1216 2391 Wayne Svejnoha BLM — Division of Resources 222 W 7th Ave, #13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 Conservation Division of Spill Prevention and Response Contaminated Sites Program File: 320.38.010 SCANNED 0 2 2014 Re: Potentiall Responsible Party Notice Letter and Information Request NPRA Legacy Wells - General Hazard ID: 26125 Ledger Code: 14339387 Dear Mr. Svejnoha: 610 University Ave. Fairbanks, Alaska 99709-3643 Main: 907.451.2181 Fax: 907.451.5105 This letter is to advise you that the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) has identified the 136 legacy wells within the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA) as potential contaminated sites. Some of these wells require extensive cleanup of oil and other hazardous substances released to the environment. Since you are identified as a current or past owner and/or operator of these sites, please be advised you may be financially responsible or liable for the investigation and /or cleanup of any hazardous substance contamination that might be present. Alaska Statute 46.03.822 establishes who is liable for contamination. Records available to the ADEC indicate that you meet one or more of the following criteria: » owned or controlled the hazardous substance at the time of its release; » own(ed) or operate(d) the property or facility from which the release occurred; » owned or operated property at which the hazardous substance came to be located; and » arranged for transport, disposal or treatment of hazardous substances that were released. Site History From 1944 through 1982 the US Government drilled 136 wells to explore for oil and gas resources in the NPRA. It is our understanding that other federal agencies and some private companies may have operated or managed these sites in the past. We have also been informed that 23 of these well have been conveyed to public and private entities. The ADEC currently lists 14 of the 136 legacy wells on our database of contaminated sites. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is identified as the responsible party for the following sites. Wayne Svejnoha 0 2 February 4, 2014 • BLM Cape Halkett Drill Site (File # 300.38.108) • BLM East Simpson #2 (File # 300.38.109) • BLM East Teshekpuk Drill Site (File # 300.38.110) The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, under the Formerly Used Defense Sites program, is working with ADEC under the Defense States Memorandum of Agreement on cleanup actions at the 11 Umiat test well sites. BLM is identified as the landowner in our records, and as such is identified as a potentially responsible party in addition to the Department of Defense: C Umiat Test Wells 1-11 (File # 335.38.001) The information contained in these files is part of the public record. Our databases are accessible on the Internet at: http://dec.alaska.gov/spar/csp/db_search.httn Additional Actions Needed ADEC sent a letter on July 11, 2013, identifying an additional 15 legacy well sites with confirmed releases (enclosed). As stated in the letter, ADEC recommends that BLM develop a plan to address known, suspected, and unknown releases at the legacy well sites, in coordination with the appropriate regulatory agencies. We expected a response to this letter before now. Please respond to this letter within 30 days. After we receive and review your response we will determine what additional actions will be taken regarding each site with known or suspected contamination. In addition, with your response, please complete and return the enclosed questionnaire requesting more information about past operators. In accordance with Alaska Statute Title 46, ADEC is authorized to provide regulatory oversight for any contamination response efforts initiated by the responsible party. However, if response actions by the responsible party are not satisfactory to ADEC, we may then assume the lead role in the investigation and cleanup efforts. In the event that State response actions are necessary, the responsible parties may be held financially liable for any response actions taken by the State. Alaska Statutes 46.04.010 and 46.08.070 establish cost recovery procedures for certain costs, including oversight activities, incurred by the State in responding to pollution incidents. If you are determined to be a responsible or liable party, ADEC may bill you at a later date for our expenditures associated with this pollution incident. Expenses for which we may seek reimbursement include: Staff time associated with general or technical assistance; work plan review; project oversight; general project management; legal services; interest; travel; equipment and supplies; and any contracting costs. Pursuant to Alaska Statute 46.08.075, the State may also file liens against all property owned by a person who is responsible or liable for State expenditures. Please respond in writing within thirty (30) days from the date of this letter addressing your intended actions with respect to this pollution incident. If you believe someone else is responsible for this pollution incident (e.g., a past owner or operation of the site) or if you have any questions concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Fred Vreeman at (907) 451-2181. The attached "ADEC Information Request" describes the minimum information expected in your response. Additional information may needed to evaluate the risks and responses required at each legacy well site. Sincerely, Fred Vreeman Environmental Program Manager G:\SPAR\CS\Contaminated Site Files (38)\320 National Petro Reserve Area\320.38.010 NPRA Legacy Wells General\2-2-2014 Letter\PRP Letter All Wells.docx Wayne Sveinoha Enclosure: 0 3 • ADEC Information Request Concerning Contaminated Sites BLM Legacy Wells Dispute letter date July 11, 2013 February 4, 2014 cc: Bud Cribley, Director, Bureau of Land Management Steven Cohn, Deputy Director, Bureau of Land Management Jolie Pollet, Branch Chief, Bureau of Land Management Robert Brumbaugh, Geologist, Bureau of Land Management Michael McCrum, Environmental Engineer, Bureau of Land Management Larry Hartig, Commissioner, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Lynn Kent, Deputy Commissioner, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Kristen Ryan, Director, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Lori Aldrich, Program Manager, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Steve Bainbridge, Program Manager, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Jennifer Roberts, Program Manager, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation ADEC Response Fund Administration GASPAR\CS\Contarr nmted Site Files (38)\320 National Petro Reserve Area\320.38.010 NPRA Legacy Wells General\2-2-2014 Letter\PRP Letter All Wells.doe% 0 0 ADEC INFORMATION REQUEST Concerning a contaminated site(s) Re: Legacy Well Sites in and near the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska (NPRA) Please precede each answer with the number of the question to which it corresponds. Please direct any questions concerning this information request to Fred Vreeman, Contaminated Sites Program, 610 University Avenue, Fairbanks, AK 99709; Phone: 907-451-2181. Thank you for your cooperation. 1. Provide name and company affiliation of the person answering the questionnaire. 2. Provide copies of all studies, reports, and supporting information (including preaquisition assessments and work done on behalf of other parties) which you have knowledge of which address past and/or present environmental conditions at the site. Identify the name, title, address, and phone number of the party(s) who are responsible for preparing the studies or information. Information which has been previously submitted to ADEC need not be submitted again (unless specifically requested in a subsequent communication) if you can provide the name of the office (and name and title of the DEC officer if known) to whom the report was previously provided. 3. Provide a description of any ongoing or planned investigations or cleanup work at the site. Identify the names, titles and phone numbers of the individuals responsible for preparing the studies or information. 4. Provide a description of known releases at the site (date of occurrence, quantity released, type of substance released, etc.) and a description of corrective measures that were taken. Provide information on any suspected releases which may have or are occurring. 5. Describe the nature of past and present operations at the site. In particular, any actions that may have caused the release or threat of release at the site. Describe the physical characteristics of the site including major structures, water wells, fuel or waste storage systems, drainage or septic systems, etc. 6. Provide a list of any permits issued by the Department which relate to activities at the site and a list of RCRA identification numbers (U.S. EPA identification numbers) which may be held. 7. Identify persons to whom you leased all or a portion of the property and describe the nature of their operations. 8. Identify the person(s) who used the site for disposal of substances deposited there, if any. 9. Provide copies of manifests for any hazardous waste and/or petroleum contaminated materials taken to or from the site. 10. Provide a list of persons and their phone numbers and addresses of persons who have knowledge about the use of hazardous substances at the site. 11. Provide information regarding the existence of insurance coverage for damages resulting from releases of hazardous substances and copies of all such insurance policies, both currently in effect and in effect during the periods of activity in question. 12. Describe the acts or omissions of any person, other than your employees, agents, or those persons with whom you had a contractual relationship, that may have caused the release or threat of release of hazardous substances at the site. a. In addition, describe all precautions that you took against foreseeable acts or omissions of any such third parties. 13. Describe the care you exercised with respect to the hazardous substances found at the site. 14. Describe the physical characteristics of the site including structures, wells, drainage systems, etc. THE STATE July 11, 2013 'ALASKA GOVERNOR SEAN PARNELL Wayne Svejnoha Supervisory Minerals & Energy Specialist 222 W 7th Avenue, #13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 Re: BLM Legacy Wells Dispute Dear Mr. Svejnoha: Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Spill Prevention and Response Contaminated Sites Program 610 University Ave. Fairbanks, Alaska 99709-3643 Main: 907.451.2181 Fax: 907.451.2155 The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) — Contaminated Sites has reviewed the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: 2013 Legacy Wells Summary Report dated February 2013, containing updated information on the status of the 136 Legacy Wells located in the National Petroleum Reserve — Alaska (NPR -A), and the draft National Petroleum Reserve in Alaslm. 2013 Legacy Weiss Strategic Plan dated May 2013. ADEC has also reviewed the response by the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGC). We concur with the response by ACIGC and have no further comment regarding the priorities. We do have comments about the investigation and cleanup plans presented in the report. With this letter we arc outlining regulatory requirements related to the environmental work that is proposed and required as part of these cleanups. ADEC is concerned that the 2013 Legacy Wells Strategic Plan prepared by the BLM does not include either assessment of the contingency for assessment of known, likely, or unknown but possible contaminant releases. In addition, BLM plans for surface cleanup of these wells should be made clear in the plan. At least one of these legacy wells has extensive PCB contamination and has resulted in a multi-year cleanup totaling tens of millions of dollars. At others, solid waste disposal practices have resulted in releases to the environment with estimated cleanup costs in the hundreds of millions. Known releases documented in the records we reviewed include crude oil, gasses, refined oil and fuel, drilling fluids that include various organics, metals, and other chemicals, and unknown contaminants from drums and other containers observed to be damaged and abandoned at the various well sites. There are 13 legacy well sites with known releases currently on the DEC contaminated sites list. Many of these are in the process of being addressed, cleaned up, and closed. From our Waited records review there are 15 additional legacy well sites with confirmed releases. These should be prioritized for initial records reviews and then added to the BLM contaminated sites list under our cooperative agreement. Suspected releases include fuel releases from operations, storage, and fuel spills at the sites, impacts to various surface water bodies from spilled fluids during drilling and breaches of containment at reserve and flare pits, continued surface runoff from drilling fluids uncontained at several sites, and down -hole substances that were ejected from the holes over time or during blowouts or drilling operations. 1 Wayne Sve noha ? July 11, 2013 Y The.BLN-1 plan to address these known, suspected, and unknown releases at legacy well sites is notably absent from the documents presented to date. The three primary regulatory agencies that need to be involved in the plan are ADEC — Contaminated Sites, Alaska Oil & Gas Conservation Commission, and ADEC — EH/Solid Waste. Other agencies will need to be consulted. as well. Below we provide recommendations for a coordinated plan using the Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans (UFP-QAPP) that will involve all of the regulatory agencies in one coordinated manner. This will allow BLM to address these sites in a consistent and coordinated project which fulfills all of the regulatory requirements so that the sites do not need to be re -visited in the fu=e xvhen they are closed after this project. Attached are our comments on each specific well. The acronyms used on the list include terms that are typically used in a CERCLA type investigation however they are also suitable for investigations conducted under the State of Alaska cleanup rules. These include the following; Historical Records Review (HRR) 'chis is recommended for almost all of the well sites. Much of the information required for these reviews is already contained in various reports and appendices or in BLM files. The Historical Records Review should document the type of releases that might have occurred from drilling operations as well as historical use of the site, and should capture all available information on the drilling fluids used and any product produced or released. Preliminary Assessment (PA) This is recommended for almost all of the well sites. A Preliminary Assessment is a limited scope investigation that provides an assessment of information about a site and its surrounding area to distinguish between sites that pose little or no threat to human health or the environment and sites that require further investigation. The PA is a CERCLA defined document and typically does not require sampling. Site Inspection (SI) If the PA recommends further investigation, then an SI is necessary. The SI is a CERCLA defined document, and it is analogous to an initial report of contamination under state cleanup rules. On some legacy well drillings sites it is evident now that an Sl is required just from a review of the reports. An SI investigation typically includes the collection of samples to determine what contaminants are present at the site and whether they are being released into the environment. An approved site specific workplan is required under both CERCL-A and 18 AAC 75 prior to SI sampling. The SI typically is not intended to develop a full site characterization, but is limited to determining the presence or absence of a release. If contamination is found after completion of the HRR, PA, and SI then a RI/FS under CERCLA, or a Site Characte-rizatiowlteportandcleanup-Alas,under-l-fi-AAC7iis`required. -- ----- - -- — --------- - DEC recommends that BLM incorporate into the strategic pian the processes outlined in this letter. A team of agencies composed of AOGC, DEC -CS, EPA as required, and DEC -EH should address regulatory and technical requirements for these well closures. By cooperating and working together with the regulatory agencies BLM will save time and expense, and regulatory uncertainties will be avoided. The strategic plan should reference a project to prepare a generic workplan. DEC suggests that BLM utilize the generic UFP-QAPP workplan format for the required environmental work. If properly prepared, the workplan could encompass most of the investigations and cleanups required at these sites over multiple years. At other multi -site projects we have found this to be an effective way to reduce uncertainties and risk in these types of investigations. A very small site specific FSP could then be developed as BLM approaches each drilling site. Regulatory decisions made during workplan development would provide more certainty in the planning process for cleanups. G:\SPAR\CS\federal F2cilitie3\Ci%ih2n 1-cdcrrt Agr=ics\DOl\B[.Ni\1'roiens\lxgAey Wells\7 11 13 Luter to KIN on lxbxy wells.doex Wayne Svejnoha 3 0 July 11, 2013 Please review the attached list of specific sites. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call me at 907-451-2181 or by email at fred.vreeman@alaska.gov. I look forward to working with you as the Federal Government fulfills its requirement to clean up these well drilling sites in Alaska. Sincerely, y' Fred Vreeman Environmental Program Manager Enclosure: SPAR Response with Legacy Wells cc: Bud Cribley, State Director, Bureau of Land Management Steven Cohn, Deputy State Director for Resources, Bureau of Land Management Jolie Pollet, Branch Chief, Bureau of Land Management Robert Brumbaugh, Geologist, Bureau of Land Management Michael McCrum, Environmental Engineer, Bureau of Land Management Cathy Foerster, Commissioner, Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Larry Hartig, Commissioner, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Kristen Ryan, Director, ADEC Division of Spill Prevention and Response Steve Bainbridge, Program Manager, ADEC Contaminated Sites Program Jennifer Roberts, Program Manager, ADEC Contaminated Sites Program GASI'AR\CS\Fedcrrl Fo61ibLy\Gvi6n Falctul AgcnnCs\DOI\BI.N1\Proitcts\lA'6.1' q W03\7 11 1314tur to Aim\I on Ug2cy Wclls.doex Well Name operator I RP I Land Simpson Core Test #5 1! Na 1 BLM Simpson Core Test #6 US Na I BLM Simpson Core Test #7 us Na 1 Bl. M Sin son Core Test 98 US Navy 113LM Si son Core Test #9 U5 Na I BLM Sinwson Core Test #1f) U.S Navy! BLM Core Test #11 AOGCC Subsurlaca I BLM Core Test #12 FUSNa a I BLM Core Test #16 a I BLM Core Test #17 US Na 1 BLM Core Test 018 US Na I BLM Core Test #19 US Na 1 BLM t Core Test #20 US Navy 1 BLM i Gore Test #21 2S Na 1 BLM I Core Test #22 US Na 111•LM I Core Test dnlf fluids left in hole i BLM Core Test �#2vy I BLhA n CareTest #25 US Na Y I BLM K Core #1 US Navy i BLM 1 -t- *1 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xlsx 2013 Risk Ity CSP Status I Fito tllHazid Rolea5e7 Nnne f+lone IYOMWil Low RNooe ane None Unused, Unused, I None Unused, i None Uncased, None None None None (None Unknown Unknown Page 1 of 14 •I AOGCC Subsurlaca AOGCC Surface SPAR W arkgroup Notes Status Status Need HRR, PA, S1 no data no data Need HRR. PA. SI no data no data Need PA ind drill fluid assessnsenl & workplan drillin 11uids left in hole no data Need PA ind drill fluid assessment & work an drilling fluids left in hole no data Need PA incl drill Ifusd assessment & work Ian dnlf fluids left in hole no data Need PA ncf drill fluid assessmcnf &work Ian dnllxs fluids tett rn hale no data well skelch provided by Need PA ind drill fluid BLM not consistent with assessment & work Ian AOGCC or BLM data no data Need PA ind drill fluid assessment & work Ian dnflin fluids left in hole no data Need PA and 51 ind 13611 fluid assessment. workplan rid sampling stressed debfis, partially as blowout and fire rove elated site areas Need PA incl drill fluid assessment & workplan dn lling fluids left in hole no data geed PA ind drill fluid assessment & wOTk Ian drij I ing fluids teff in hole no data Need PA incl dfifl nutd assessment & work Ian drillin fluids left m hole no data Need PA incl drill fluid assessment & work Ian drillin ituids left in hole no data Need HRR. PA, SI no data no data Need PA incl drill fluid assessment & work Ian drillin fluids felt in hole ria data Need PA incl dnll fluid assessment & work larx drillin fluids left in hole no data Need PA incl drill fluid assessment & work Ian drillin fluids Teff in hole no data Need PA ind dnll fluid drflfing fluids and ball assessment & Workplan peen hammer left in hole no data overshot, drill collar, rock revegelated —131 Need HRR, PA bit, and N -reds left in hole can't find it Review Report as PA. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or drilling Not abandoned, waste on surface. Veg ----_— , ,raw,, plunaed to surface site not cleared •I SPAR Response with Legacy Wells LisLxlsx Page 2 of 14 is • vi nce o BLM 2013 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface Well Name Operator I RP I Land Mgr Priority CSP Status file #IHazid Release? SPAR Workgroup Notes Status Status plugging operations inadequate and Wellhead tell as Umiat 43 US Navy I BLM I FUDS None pending dos 335.38.00113092 Yes. see file 'Plugged by BLM in 2004 incomplete historic site? plugging operations inadequate and Wellhead left as Umiat #4 US Navy I BLM / FUDS None pending dos 335.38.001!3079 Yes, see file Plugged by BLM in 2004 incomplete historic site? plugging operations inadequate and Wellhead left as Umial 98 US NaMy I BLM I FUDS None pendinq dos 335.38.001/3D81 'Yes, see_ _file Plugged BLM in 2004 incomplete historic sile? plugging operations inadequate and Wellhead left as Umiat #1'0 US Navyj BLM_I FUDS None pendingdos 335.38.00113082 Yes, see fila Plu ed by BLM in 2004 incomplete historic site? Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Plugged to 7868'. Drilling Cleanup. Photos - evidence mud and diesel to Awuna #1 USGS I BLM Medium None None Yes of erosion into lake surface. > 100 _Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud Wood , metal, assessment. Surface Plugged to 2039'. Diesel plastic debris. Fast Simpson #1 USGS I BLM Low None None Yes Cleanup. to surface. >10D Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with Wood and metal Drilling mud assessment debris. Pylons - Photos straw areas of no Plugged to 2047'. Diesel Tankage for lk ' #1 USGS / 8LM Low None None Yes ve elation. to surface. flammable fluids Need HRR. PA, SI wdh sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Plugged to 1400'. Drilling Wood and metal Koluktak #1 USGS I BLM Low None None LYes Cleanup. mud & diesel to surface debris Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Plugged to 1894'. Diesel Wood and metal Ku am 91 USGS I BLM Low None None Unknown Cleanup. to surface debris. Pylons Need HRR, PA, Sl with sampling_ Drilling mud assessment_ Surface Plugged to 4464'. Drilling Wood & metal Kuyanak #1 USGS I BLM Low None None Yes Clean mud & diesel to surface debris. Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Photos show Plugged to 1840'. Diesel Plastic and metal Lisburne 41 USGS I BLM Low None None Yes stained soil to surface debris. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Plugged to 8192'. Drilling Wood and metal North Iii ok $1 USGS I BLM Low None INone Yes Cleanup. mud & diesel to surface debris - Page 2 of 14 is • Well Name Peard South Meade #1 1 RP 1 Land 1BLM BLM #1 4USGS ! BLM SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Usl.xlsx ;013 Risk &W CSP Status File XlHazkl T Page 3 of 14 AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface WAR Workgroup Notes Status r Status � deed HERR, PA SI with iampling. Dining mud rssessment- Surface ;leanup. Site photos show areas of stressed iegetalion. No issues Plugged to 2232'. Diesel Wood and metal soled in USGS re ort. to surface debris. Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling_ Drilling mud assessment Surface Plugged to 2026'. Diesel Wood and metal Cleanup. to surface debris. P Ions Add to She list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Od reported bubbling to the surface within reserve pit in 1982. Oily residue and sheen observed adjacent to east side of reserve pil, down hole material at the Plugged to 1875. Diesel Wood and metal surface to surface debris. P ons Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, S) with sampl'uig. Drilling mud assessment - Surface Cleanup. Reserve pit berm had breaches anowirrg water to exit. Oil - stained sediment was observed above the Plugged to 1478'. Diesel Wood and metal waterline of the I. to surface debris. Site photos may show hydrocarbon sheen on Plugged to 2600'. Drilling Wood and metal water in well cellar mud & diesel to surface debris. Pylons Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Berms have been breached an allow water to flow out of reserve piUllare pit. Rising bubbles of ail observed in Hare pit 1484. Photos Show Plugged to 1825'. Diesel Metal debris. ra.. v-1 v.nnnralinn to Surface ... 0 •I SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xlsx Page 4 of 114 0 0 vi encs o BLM 2013 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface Well Name Operator 1 RP f Land Mgr Priority CSP Status File #fHazld Release? SPAR Workgroup Motes Status Status Need HRR, PA, Sl wrlh sampling. Drilling mud assessment Surface Cleanup. Breaches in berm allow water to flow into and out of reserve pit, sheen on Plugged to 2700' Diesel Wood and metal West Dease #1 USGS l BLM Low None None Yes surface water in well cellar to surface debns. Pylons Add to Site list. Need HRR,. PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Water flows into the pits through breaches on the eastern berm and out of the pits through breaches on the northern and western berms. Downhole material Plugged to 228'9'. Drilling Wood and metal South Harrison Bay #1 USGS f BLAB Low None None es Present at surface mud & diesel to surface debris. Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampliing. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Stressed vegetation noted and apparent in site pholos. Plugged to 2443'. Drilling West Fish Creek #1 USGS 1 BLM Low None None Yes Drilling mud around well mud & diesel to surface Pylons Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment, Surface Cleanup. High TPH Plugged to 1977'_ Drilling wellhead sticking concentrations underneath mud under plugs. Diesel up. Wood debris. Fast Simpson #2 USGS 1 BLM I Low _ Active 300.38.10912691 Yes, see file the rig inundation to surface Pylons South Barrow 94 US NavyiNorth Slope Bono None None None Unknown Need Surface Status completed gas well - no data South Barrow #5 USAF - BLM Unknown None None None. Unknown Need Surface Status completed gas well no data South Barrow #& US Na /Norlh Sto Burg None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, St no data no data South Barrow #9 US NavyfNarih Slop2 Boro None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, Sl no data no data _ South Barrow #10 US Navyfflorlh Sto Bora None None None Unknown Need Surface Status com ted gas well no data South Barrow It12 US Na /North Slope Baro None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA. Sl no data no data BLM well skMh not consistent with AOGCC South Barrow #14 US NavyMorth Sloe Boro None None one Unknown Nsed HRR. PA, St data no data Need PA ind drill fluid well left filled with drilling South Barrow #16 US NavyiNotih Slope Bora None None None Unknown assessment & workplan mud and diesel no data Need PA incl drill !turd tubing in well. no perfs, Soulh Barrow 017 US Na /North Sloe 13ora None None None jUnknown assessment & work fan I unknown fluid, I no data Page 4 of 114 0 0 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xisx Page 5 of 14 •I E CYfuu .v v AOGCC Subsurface A Surlaco TEHILM T013 Risk CSP Stilus File #IHaaid Historic Rekeasa7 SFAR YUnrkgroup Nates 5latus at US $1<ntus Well Name flperatar f RP f Land Mgriority Unknown Need Surface Status corn feted as well no data 5aulh Barrow #18 US Na INorlh Slo a Bora None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, St no data no data Walak a #1 USGS! Unknown None None None rsg 890`. Multiple cement plugs of unknown volume. Shallowest None None Unknown _ Need HRR, PA, SI SOD' no dada Gubik #1 US Na d Ur#cnown Low Add to Site list. Need HRR. PA. SI with sampling. csg Q SOD' Well blowout Drilling mud assessment. from zone al 1SOT during Surface Cleanup. Photos plugging operations show disturbed/ slashed Plugging never completed after blowout. no data Gub* #2 US Na ! Unknown Low None Nora es areas two downhole Dement plugs of unknown depth Mone None Unknown Need MR. PA. Sl and volume no data Grandstand #1 US Navy 1 Unknown None Add to Site list. Need HRR. PA, SI with sampling. Dnliing mud assessment. Surface Cleanup Sediment from the reserve pit was excavated and spread over the pad to drill a 2nd well at this location, Upon completion of the 2nd well. the sediment was pushed back into ft reserve pit.. Area does not appear to be revegetaling. perhaps from the presence property plugged but no of drilling mud at the data on abandonment None None Yes surface status no data W 7 Foran #1 " USGS I Unknown Low on Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Slressed vegetation, photos show plugged, but not open csg; metal & Active 306.3$.108f2689 Yes. see file site underwater abandoned at surface corwsele debris under 5' of water, Cape Halken #1 " US Na (Unknown Low None Unknown !Need HRR, PA. SI es to 27' open C_s Min a Veloei #1 U5 Na f t3LM one None csg @ 31" 280' of drill pipe, drill collar, and Core Unknown Need HRR. PA, SL barrel left rn hole. neve etaled Ournalik Core #i US Na / BLM None -No obsery None !None Page 5 of 14 •I E SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisi.xlsx Page 6 of 14 • • WI F3nCe Q BLM 2013 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface ADGCC Surface Well Name Operator t RP I Land Mgr Priority CSP Status File #IHazid Release? SPAR Workgroup Notes Status Status Need HRR, PA, Workplan for St with Sampling. Drilling Mud Assessment. Surface Cleanup. Photos show debris, stressed No csg. 15' of drift pipe Oumalik Care #2 US Navy 1 ULM Low None None yes ve elation and rock hit left in hole. no data Need HRR, PA, Workplan for Si with Sampling open csg & other Drillip) Mud Assessment. piping sticking out Surface Cleanup_ Reports of ground; wood, of debris, drilling muds on melat, conciele Oumalik Core 011 US Navy t BLM Low None None Yes surface (__q to 9'. debris open csg sticking out of ground; wood & metal 0umalik Core #12 US Navy I BLM Low None None No Need HRR, PA, SI no data —__—debris _„ debris buried by landslide. Need HRR, PA, St, Well not no dala on Sentinel Hill #1 US Navy 1 BLM Low None None Unknown ap panent in site Rholos Csq to 3t1'. underwater status Need IQR, PA, SI. No evidence of sheen, open crag slightly stressed veg, or drilling above ground waste on surface. Veg 37' of csg, drilling fluids level; wood and S imp son Core Test #1 US Navy 1 BLM Low None None No appears healthy lett in hole metal debris Need HRR, PA, St. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or drilling waste on surface_ Veg 76'01 Csg, drilling fluids Simpson Core Test #2 US Navy I BLM Low None None No appears healthy left in hate no data Need HRR. PA, Sl. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or drilling waste an surface. Veg 61' of csg, drilling fluids Sim sun Core Test #3 US Navy I BLM Low None None No appears healthy left in hole no data Need HRR, PA, St. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, ordrilling waste on surface. Veg --60' of crag, drilling fluids Sim eson Core Test #4 US Nayy t BLM Low Norse None No apecars healthy left in hole no data Need HRR, PA, St. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or drilling waste on surface. Veg csg cemented @25% open csg sticking Songsoncore Test #13 US Na 1 BLM Low None None No appears health dritin fluids IeR in hole_ out of round Need HRR, PA, SI. Vegetated, no evidence of crag cemented @2D'; open csg sticking Simpson Core Test #14 US Navy ! BLM Low None None No release. drillin fluids left in hole out of ground Page 6 of 14 • • SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xlsx ism son Core Fest #26 t=vrdence or Medium AOGCC Subsur(aen ADGGC Surface 13LM 2013 Risk CSP Status File WHazid Historic Retease7 SPAR Wwkgroup Notes Status Status Well Name operator r RP 1 Land Mgr Priority Unko Need HRR, PA. SL US Na ! $LM open casing None Nave Vegetated. no eV4dence of cog set shallow; drilling slicking nut of Low No release- fluids left in hole round Simpson Core Teri #14a US Na !BLM Low None None & weilhead slick Need HRR. PA, SI crude nil left in hole open casing Need HIR, PA, Workplan Vegetated, no e+wdence of csg cemented 12181; slicking out of openrigd ng No release. drillingfluid left in hole round Simoson Care Tesl #15 US Na !BLM Low None None d wooden cellar, Need HRR, PP, SL Sate a9 r�110'. dolling fluids wood 8 metal ism son Core Fest #26 US Na ! BLM Medium None None res Sim san Core Test 027 US Na J 13LM IJone None None Unko Sim son Gore Test #28 US Na ! $LM Low None Nave Yes clmnnnn Core Tesl #29 US Navy! BLM Low Norte No No Simpson Core Test 030 US Na 1 !BLM Core Test #30a JUS,Navy 1 BLM Low `None f'tone n Gore Test #31 JUS Navy/ BLM None Page 7o(14 photos appear to show oil at surface, from a natural csg Q 350'. Completed in oil seep, seep, also drilling mud in oil well Open perfs. At 1welhead sticking sacks on the tundra one lime capable of up_ metal debris PI u ed b BLM in 2004. unassisled flow. and rustingbarrels 'Need HRR, PA, St. Site photos appear to show Oil csg cemented at surface, from a natural @i02;dnllutg fluids nn oily ground; csg seep- Plugged by BLM in including diesel and & weilhead slick vin 2004 crude nil left in hole out of ground Need HIR, PA, Workplan for Sl with Sampling- openrigd ng ❑rilling Mud Assessment . out grouunnd in Surface Cleanup. Site d wooden cellar, photos appear to show a p le of drilling mud about a9 r�110'. dolling fluids wood 8 metal 160 feel tram the welt tell in hole debris. Solid waste Need HRR, PA, Sl_ No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or dri" waste on surface. Veg csg cemented at 1S2'; open csg. Wood a ears healthy dnknq fluids lett in hole and metal debris Need HRR, PA, SI. frilling mud at surface. but well is also in the middle of a large in oil seep; Open oil seep and surrounded by cog sticking up; pooled oil. Plugged by BLNI csg cemented A150'; wood & metal see Holes in 20514- drillin fluids left in hole detail on oily ground; tog Need HRR. PA, Sl. Well is wellhead slick in the middle of a large oil seep and surrounded by csg cemented at 100% out of ground. pooled oil. Plugged by 131. dulling mud left in hole. wellhead leaking see noses in 2004 gas blowout at 423' gas Need HRR, PA, St. Leaky valve replaced in 2001, little evidence of contamination following valve on city ground; rig replacement- Plugged by csg cemented at 100'; & wellhead stick see notes BLM in 20174 iddifing fluids, left in hole out o1 round SPAR Response with Legacy Wells List.xlsx Page 8 of 14 • • yr enco o BLM 2013 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface Well Name Operator f RP f Land Mgr Priority CSP Status File glHasid Release? SPAR Workgroup Notes Status Status Need HRR PA, Workplan csg Cemented at for Sl with Sampling. 1028', cement plugs a1 Drilling Mud Assessment. 6387' and 5520'. Fish in Surface Cleanup. Drilling hole, drilling fluids Iefs in No data. Open Simpson Test Welt #1 ak US Navy1 BLM Low None INone yes muds near wellhead hale casing Need HRR, PA, Workplan for Sl with Sampling. Dolling Mud Assessment. Surface Cleanup Also Wellhead sticking evidence of a natural seep- above ground, Tar sheens in the summer ST from 2552 to 3018. wood, melel, and months. BLM is concerned csg @2915. Slotted liner concrete debris. Fish Creek #1 US Navy I BLM Medium None None Yes about exposure to wildlife to TO. Completed oil well Rusting barrels Need HRR, PA, Workplan for SI with Sampling. rasing cemented at 48; Drilling Mud Assessment. gas 0mv and explosion Surface Cleanup. Small gas while drilling at 863'; hole leak in wellhead flange, will Filled with fresh water to Wolf Creek 91 US Navy f BLM Low None Nano No flow if the valve iso en 330' No data. csg cemented a[ 53';hole left tilted with fresh water, Wolf Creek 02 US Navy 1 BLM Low Noire None No Need HRR. PA. Sl. fish in hole csg cemented at 107'; No data bridge plugs from 1447 to 1735 and from 554 to Wolf Creek #3 US Nayy I BLM Low None None No Meed HRR, PA, SI. 661, No data Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. csg slicking out of Drilling mud assessment ground with wood Surface Cleanup. Sheen on plug on top; solid surface water in well cellar, csg cemented at 30'; drill waste; wood hundreds of drums indicate pipe, drilling mud and debris; about 200 Skull Cliff Core test #1 US NaMy I BLM High None None Yes polential for cornlamrna[ion diesel left in hole nisling barrels Need HRR, PA, SI. Two open csg, wood drums are floating on a building; pylons; pond near the well. csg cemented at 1000', wood & metal Kaolak 01 US Navy I BLM t ow None jNone lNo Potential for hurried landfill. fdriltingluidsieftin hole debris Page 8 of 14 • • SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xlsx 181-11119013 Risk Well Name Operator f RP ! land Mgr Priorlty CSP Status File 1NHazid #1 1 U Navy 19LM #1 JUS Navy/ umatik Ill US Na I BLM Low None None as[ Oumalik #i US Na !BLM Low None None #1 N East Topagoruk #1 USN l BLM Knifeblade #1 US Navy! BLM Page 9 of 14 Subsurface `AOGCC Surface SPAR Workgroup Notes Status Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. open flange Q Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Drilling Gas well. Open ports. ground level. Mud pile overgrown with Drilling fluids and Metal & wood v , etallon and lichen tubulars lett in hole debris Need HRR, PA, SI. No evidence of sheen, stressed veg, or drilling csg cemented at 502'; open casing slicking out of waste on surface. Veg plug at 3470 to 3511'; ground. Wood appears heall drilling nuids left in hole debris. Open casing below Add to Site list. Need HRR, ground level. PA, SI with sampling- Revegetated. Drilling mud assessment. Numerous metal Surface Cleanup. Debris csg partially cemented at I support structures and drilling muds. Stressed 2762'. Plug at 2543% sticking up. vegetation Dridin mud left in hole Concrete debris, plate welded to pipe: l' of pipe rsg cemented at 1100'. sticking up - Need HRR. PA. SI. Drig fluids left in hole Wooden debris. Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Driving mud assessment. open csg broken Surface Cleanup. Downhole material present csg cemented at 6073'. off and sticking up: at surface, area mostly original hole drilled to wood, metal, revegetated. Diesel still 7154'& junk len; concrete and other occupies the ground sidetrack hole left wilh debris. rusting dreulatioir lines. drillina fluids barrel Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Dolling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Pile of tsg 10 1100'; pkig al open casing drilling muds is next to the 1049% drilling mud below sticking up. Wood, teller. No offical reserve pit plug: unknown fluids in metal, and glass noted o en hole debris. open casing Need HRR, PA, SI. BLM sticking up. Wood, stales that there was no metal, and glass debris at this site in 2012. csg cemented at 420% debris - •I 0 SPAR Response with Legacy Welts Lisl.xlsx Paye 10 of 14 0 0 w once a BLM 2013 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface Well Name Operator I RP f Land Mgr Priority CSP Status File #IHazid Release? SPAR Workgroup Notes Status v F Status open casing sticking up. Wood, metal, & concrete debris rusting Need NRR, PA, SI. Reports barrels. One indicate solid waste csg cemented to 45';fish marked flammable Knileblade #2 US Navy I BLM Low None None No drums in hole hazard. open casing slicking up; metal & Krideblade #2a US Navy 1 BLM Low None None No Need HRR, PA, SI. csq cemented at 38% concrete debris Need HRR, PA, SI including learning assessment. Site partially No wellhead. submerged intermittently csg cemented at 80; Metal. Solid waste North Simpson Test Wel 4 US N2n I BLM Low None None No during the summer dri0ing fluids left in hole ? No dala crude wellhead. Need HRR, PA, St. Surface csg cemented at 685'; Wood and metal Umiat 01 US Navy J BLM I FUDS Medium Cleanup co 335.38.00113090 Yes, see file Cleanup drillinq fluids left in bole debris No wellhead. Gravel pad partially csg cemented a1486; revegelaled wood Need HRR, PA, SI. Surface cement plug from 440 to debris and pipe Umiat #i t US Na I BLM I FURS Low pending dos 335.38.00113083 Yes, see file Clea 490'; sticking u csg cemented at 7206'; vVefNwad- Gravel various plugs from 8250' pad revegetaled 7 South Sirnpson 01 US Navy I BLM Low None None Yes Need HRR, PA, SI. to surface No data Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Large quantifies of ferrous oxide, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, and barium sulfate were added to drilling muds. Stains apparent in photos. BLM field camp an site. Walls between the reserve and Pare pits have eroded. Wellhead and Water flows into surface gravel pad. ? No Wook #1 USGS I BLM Low lNone Name Yes water during break22L no data data Paye 10 of 14 0 0 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lrsl.xlsx BLM 2x13 Risk Well Name 10porator I RP I Land Mgr Priority CSP Status I File #IHazid Arca- Barrow Cure #1 US Na l til.M Avak 01 US Navy I BLM Barrow Bi R' #1 US Na I BLM Barrow Cafe Rig Test 91 US Na I BLM #2 I US Navy I BLM #1JUS N,a I BLM H' h NOr1e None Test Well #1 US Test Well #2 US Barrow Test Wetl #31115 Na IN©r1h Slo c Bora IAedium None None Unknown Page 11 of 14 Subsurface -FAOGCC Surface SPAR IWorkgfoup Notes Status _ ___ araiu5 Need HRR, PA, SI. Surface Cleanup, Photo CIMG0218 csg cemented at 53` shows area of disturbed tubing hung to 708': hole open casing vegetation that should be heft filled with drilling mud slicking up; wood & investi algid durin Sf and diesel metal debris open casing Need HRR. PA, St. Surface csg cemeoled at BIF. sticking up; wood & Cleanu-. lu set at 1348' metal debris Not abandoned, site not cleared, Need HRR, PA, SI. Surface open casing 7? No Cleanup no data data Not abandoned, site not cleared, Need HRR. PA, SI. 'Surface open casing 77 No Cteanu no data data Need HRR, PA, St with sampling. trilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Drilling Muds on Not abandoned, site -slowly revegelatmg site not igred, More information on drilling open casing 7? No mud specifics rs being researched no data data Need 1lRR, PA, SI wdh sampling. Drilling mud wellhead leaking assessment. Surface cemented Csg to gas!? Wood & Cleanup- Cellar does not 1270;slotted liner to metal debris. Area retain water 1956': tbg to 1939 affected 50'x50' Need HRR, PA. SI. Drilling Csg cemented at mud assessment. Surface 441'.hole Iell willed with open pipe; metal & Cleanup- On mads stem water concrete debris Need HRR, PA, Sl. Drilling Csg cemented al 2260'; mud assessment- Surface periorated liner to TD. wood, metal & Cleariu . fln road s stem lin Completed well. Conerete debris Need HRR, PA, SI with sampling and workplan. Drilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Drilling +csg cemented at 10461: open c5g slinking mud at surface. Sheen on hole left filled with drilling up; wood & metal surface wafer in well cell larQuids and wafer. de" 0 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells Lisl.xlsx Well Flame Operator I RP I Land Mgr BLM 201$ Risk Priority CSP Status File #ltiazid yr once oF— Historic Release? SPAR Workgroup Notes AOGCC Subsurface Salus g AOGCC Surface Status no data. Likely revegetaled. Removed from our list of wells of concern in < 50', no csg, no API#, October, 2012 Oumalik Foundation Test A US Navy I BLM None-uncased hc None None lUnknown Need HRR, PA. not in AOGCC database Monlht Meeting no data. Likely revegetated. Removed from our fist of wells of concern in < 50', no csg, no API#, October, 2012 Cumalik Foundalion Test b US Navy I BLM None-uncased hC None jNane Unknown Need HRR. PA, not in AOGCC database Monthly Meeting no data. Likely revegetated. Removed From our irsl of wells of Concern In < 50', no csg. no API#, October, 2012 Oumalik Foundation Test A US Navy I BLM None-uncased hc None lNone Unknown Need HRR. PA, not m AOGCC database Monthly Meeting no data. Likely revegetated. Removed from our list of wells of concern in < 50', no c5g. no APF#. Odubut. 2012 Oumalik Foundation Test A US Navy I BLM None-uncased ht Nune lNone Unknown Need HRR, PA, nal in AOGCC database Monthiv Meetin no data. Likely revegetaled. Removed from our Ilst of wells of con cam in < 501, no csg, no APi#. October, 2012 Oumatik Foundation Test 0 US NavyI BLM None-uncased hc None None Unknown Need HRR. PA, not in AOGCC database Moral Meeting no data. Likely revegetaled. Removed from our list of wells of concern in < 50', no csg. no API#, October, 2012 Ournalik Foundation Test 4US Navy I BLM None4xwased h_j None None Unknown I Need HRR. PA, not in AOGCC database Month Meetin Page 12 of 14 0 Page 13 of 14 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells LrsLxisx Well Name BLM 2013 Risk Operator f RP I Land Mgr Priority Historic CSP Status Fife #IHazld Rslease7 AOGCC subsurface Status �__ - -_-�� . A013CC Surface Status no dala. Likely SPAR 1Norkgroup Nates revegelaled. Removed from our list of wells of concern in < 50'. no csg, no AP IN, October, 2012 Oumalik Foundation Test US Na!q BLM None -encased h None None Unknown Need HRR. PA. not w AOGCC database MonthlyMeeiin no data. Likely revegelated. Removed from our list of wells of concern in < 501. no csg, no API#, October, 2012 Oumalik Foundalion rest U5 Na I BLM None -encased h None None Unknown Need HRR. PA, not in AOGCC database Monihl lAeeli no data. Likely revegetaled. Removed from aur fist of wells of concern in 0urn alik Foundation Test US Na 18 LM None -encased fi None None ilnknown Need HRR. PA, < 50', no csg. no API#, not in AOGCC database October, 2012 Month! Meetin no data. Likely revegetated. Removed from our list of wells of concern In < 50', no csg, no API#, October, 2012 Oumalik Foundat'Gon Test US Na I BLM None encased h Nome None Unknown Need HRR, PA, not m AOGCC database Month! Meeting property abandoned per then -applicable South Banow #7 US NEILM 2LI None None Unknown Need HRR. PA, ro erl lu ed re s no data to support proper Um -Qt 02 US N Noire Pendin Clo 335.30.001/3078 Yes, see file Plu d to surface abandonment no data to support proper Uncal #5 Ummt #9 Urrval A66 Umial #T Atiaaru Point#1 U5 US US Na I BL M US Na I BLM USGS/BLM None Pendin Hi h -PCB cleanu Active None Pendia None tPendi Mane Clo 3L5 313.00113079 335.38.00113093 Cao 335.3$.00113080 Clo 335 38 001I3091 None Yes, see file Yes, see file Yes, see file Yes. see lite No Plu ed E4 surface property plugged and abandoned pfupedy plugged and abandoned property plugged and abandoned Need HRR. PA,Plugged by properly plugged and BLM in 2009. abandoned abandonment suriaoe site remediated surface site remediated suriacx V le remediated surface site remediated Page 13 of 14 SPAR Response with Legacy Wells LrsLxlsx Page 14 of 14 0 vrcTon`ce o BLM 2813 Risk Historic AOGCC Subsurface AOGCC Surface Well Name Operator i RP 1 Land Mgr Priority CSP Status File #fFlaxid Releases SPAR Workgroup Notes Status Status Add to Site list. Need HRR, PA. SI with workplan and sampling. Chilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. Two large breaches on the south side of the berm allow water out of the reserve pit. Plugged properly plugged and surface site Drew Point #1 USGS 1 BLM None None None Yes by BLM in 2410. abandoned remedialed On Site list Need HRR, PA, 51 with workplan and sampling. [frilling mud assessment. Surface Cleanup. In 1976 the reserve pit berm failed and dolling muds/cutlings were released onlo the Poe of Teshekpuk Lake. Plugged by BLM in 2008. Solid waste from camp aril drilling operations buried on northern portion of pad. Erosion has exposed solid properly plugged and surface site East Teshek uk #1 US Navy 1 BLM None Active - waits 3Q0.38.11012652 Yes, see file waste. abandoned remediated Threatened by erosion. properly plugged and surface site J. W. Dalton $P USGS f BLM None None None No Plu ed b BLM in 20fl5. abandoned rernediated properly plugged and surface site South Barrow #8 USAF 1 BLM None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, abandoned remediated properly plugged and surface sile South Bartow 911 US Na INorih Slope Bono None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, abandoned remedialed properly plugged and surface site South Barrow 013 US Na lNerlh Slope Boro None None None Unknown Need HHR, PA, abandoned remedialed properly plugged and surface site South Barrow #15 US Na !North Sloe Boro None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, abandoned remediated properly plugged and surface site South Barrow #19 US Na 1Nrarlh Sloe Baro None Nana None Unknown Need HRR. PA, abandoned remediated Properly plugged and surface site South Barrow 1x20 US Na Worth Slope Bora None None None Unknown Need HRR, PA, abandoned remedialed Need HRR, PA, dolling mud assessment, containment assessment, possible releases. Breaches allow wafer to flow into and aul of property plugged and surface site Watakpa #2 USGSI BLM None None lNone lyes I reserve and flare pits. labandoned irernediated Page 14 of 14 0 • kC7U ‘446' -n ���/%j-. THE STAT �iT �°'� i '�1�"liF'a" LL�iL1�at1 �w - ��. 7ofACanservadon LAsKA Division of Spill Prevention and Response _ Contaminated Sites Program GOVERNOR SEAN PARNELL ® = p. 610 University Ave. ALAS ' Fairbanks,Alaska 99709-3643 Main:907.451.2181 Fax:907.451.2155 July 11, 2013 SCANNED APR 2 8 2014 Wayne Svejnoha Supervisory Minerals & Energy Specialist 222 W 7th Avenue, #13 Anchorage,Alaska 99513 Re: BLM Legacy Wells Dispute Dear Mr. Svejnoha: The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) —Contaminated Sites has reviewed the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: 2013 Legacy Wells Summary Report dated February 2013, containing updated information on the status of the 136 Legacy Wells located in the National Petroleum Reserve— Alaska (NPR-A), and the draft National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: 2013 Legacy Wells Strategic Plan dated May 2013. ADEC has also reviewed the response by the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (AOGC). We concur with the response by AOGC and have no further comment regarding the priorities. We do have comments about the investigation and cleanup plans presented in the report. With this letter we are outlining regulatory requirements related to the environmental work that is proposed and required as part of these cleanups. ADEC is concerned that the 2013 Legacy Wells Strategic Plan prepared by the BLM does not include either assessment or the contingency for assessment of known,likely, or unknown but possible contaminant releases. In addition,BLM plans for surface cleanup of these wells should be made clear in the plan. At least one of these legacy wells has extensive PCB contamination and has resulted in a multi-year cleanup totaling tens of millions of dollars. At others, solid waste disposal practices have resulted in releases to the environment with estimated cleanup costs in the hundreds of millions. Known releases documented in the records we reviewed indude crude oil,gasses,refined oil and fuel, drilling fluids that include various organics,metals,and other chemicals,and unknown contaminants from drums and other containers observed to be damaged and abandoned at the various well sites. There are 13 legacy well sites with known releases currently on the DEC contaminated sites list. Many of these are in the process of being addressed, cleaned up, and closed. From our limited records review there are 15 additional legacy well sites with confirmed releases. These should be prioritized for initial records reviews and then added to the BLM contaminated sites list under our cooperative agreement. Suspected releases include fuel releases from operations, storage, and fuel spills at the sites,impacts to various surface water bodies from spilled fluids during drilling and breaches of containment at reserve and flare pits, continued surface runoff from drilling fluids uncontained at several sites, and down-hole substances that were ejected from the holes over time or during blowouts or drilling operations. Wayne Svejnoha • 2 July 11, 2013 The BLM plan to address these known, suspected, and unknown releases at legacy well sites is notably absent from the documents presented to date. The three primary regulatory agencies that need to be involved in the plan are ADEC —Contaminated Sites,Alaska Oil&Gas Conservation Commission, and ADEC —EH/Solid Waste. Other agencies will need to be consulted as well. Below we provide recommendations for a coordinated plan using the Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans (UFP-QAPP) that will involve all of the regulatory agencies in one coordinated manner. This will allow BLM to address these sites in a consistent and coordinated project which fulfills all of the regulatory requirements so that the sites do not need to be re-visited in the future when they are closed after this project. Attached are our comments on each specific well. The acronyms used on the list include terms that are typically used in a CERCLA type investigation however they are also suitable for investigations conducted under the State of Alaska cleanup rules. These include the following; Historical Records Review (HRR) This is recommended for almost all of the well sites. Much of the information required for these reviews is already contained in various reports and appendices or in BLM files. The Historical Records Review should document the type of releases that might have occurred from drilling operations as well as historical use of the site, and should capture all available information on the drilling fluids used and any product produced or released. Preliminary Assessment (PA) This is recommended for almost all of the well sites. A Preliminary Assessment is a limited scope investigation that provides an assessment of information about a site and its surrounding area to distinguish between sites that pose little or no threat to human health or the environment and sites that require further investigation. The PA is a CERCLA defined document and typically does not require sampling. Site Inspection (SI) If the PA recommends further investigation, then an SI is necessary. The SI is a CERCLA defined document, and it is analogous to an initial report of contamination under state cleanup rules. On some legacy well drillings sites it is evident now that an SI is required just from a review of the reports. An SI investigation typically includes the collection of samples to determine what contaminants are present at the site and whether they are being released into the environment. An approved site specific workplan is required under both CERCLA and 18 AAC 75 prior to SI sampling. The SI typically is not intended to develop a full site characterization,but is limited to determining the presence or absence of a release. If contamination is found after completion of the HRR,PA, and SI then a RI/FS under CERCLA, or a Site Characterization Report and cleanup plan under 18 AAC 75 is required. DEC recommends that BLM incorporate into the strategic plan the processes outlined in this letter. A team of agencies composed of AOGC, DEC-CS, EPA as required,and DEC-EH should address regulatory and technical requirements for these well closures. By cooperating and working together with the regulatory agencies BLM will save time and expense,and regulatory uncertainties will be avoided. The strategic plan should reference a project to prepare a generic workplan. DEC suggests that BLM utilize the generic UFP-QAPP workplan format for the required environmental work. If properly prepared, the workplan could encompass most of the investigations and cleanups required at these sites over multiple years. At other multi-site projects we have found this to be an effective way to reduce uncertainties and risk in these types of investigations. A very small site specific FSP could then be developed as BLM approaches each drilling site. Regulatory decisions made during workplan development would provide more certainty in the planning process for cleanups. (-.\Q.1,A R\rC\Poarloval Fara:r.pc\r:.,a:o.,Rprip.,1 Aoenripe\DOT\FILM\Proiects\Legacy Wells\711 13 Letter to BLM on Legacy Wells.docx Wayne Svejnoha 3 July 11, 2013 Please review the attached list of specific sites. If you have any questions,please do not hesitate to call me at 907-451-2181 or by email at fred.vreeman@alaska.gov. I look forward to working with you as the Federal Government fulfills its requirement to clean up these well drilling sites in Alaska. Sincerely, Fred Vreeman Environmental Program Manager Enclosure: SPAR Response with Legacy Wells cc: Bud Cribley, State Director, Bureau of Land Management Steven Cohn, Deputy State Director for Resources, Bureau of Land Management Jolie Pollet, Branch Chief, Bureau of Land Management Robert Brumbaugh, Geologist, Bureau of Land Management Michael McCrum, Environmental Engineer,Bureau of Land Management Cathy Foerster, Commissioner, Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Larry Hartig, Commissioner,Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Kristen Ryan, Director,ADEC Division of Spill Prevention and Response Steve Bainbridge, Program Manager,ADEC Contaminated Sites Program Jennifer Roberts, Program Manager,ADEC Contaminated Sites Program G:\SPAR\CS\Federal Facilities\Civilian Federal Agencies\DOI\BLM\Projects\Legacy Wells\7 11 13 Letter to BLM on Legacy Wells.docx r� II U J O (n 7 N (1) N C) N N a) 0 = d Ua o co -c) CO H (a R (a CO Ca CC Ca CO (9 CO CO Ca CO CO Ca CO CO C CO w 'O CO CZ 'O "O -O RI CO a 'O N a) -o -O -O 'O -o -O -o C) _rcs o)•�.• N C O +O+ 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 > COCO < CO C C C C C C C C -o C C_ C c c c_ C C C O Z .N a) a) a) a) T L NCD 0 0 0 a) a) 0 U O C) I O O O O •O 3 O O O O O O O O O - L O L O L L L L .0 a) L L L L L L - _ C ta o C c C c c '00 N - c t� c c c c c c c L (a = U a) a) N Q) O .N J O C a) C) a) a) a) 0 C) N 0 0 CO �0 C/11 - - 00 L 0 m � 0 -o o o a E -o ° 00 0 _ _ 5 5 D o o 5 o c c c c 5 5 0 c E -z U N .c..° C6 O = = C) o 0 = 0 = C CO = = = co O U = fa tT o) 0) an --)e C 0 0) O) 0) a) o)+- a) a) C) o).c L C a) 0 y. -2 C c c C - Ur c_ .O C_ C_ c C C_ C_ C_ C c O co CO O 2 = E. - _ - = = - m = < Cl) C C -o "8 45 '0 3 CO O 43 coo) -o -`o -o •o C 'o -o 'o a 0. 0 -0 a - c 0 m 0 �: a Z ! 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Abreak-down of the 136 is as follows: • 39 are uncased core holes that did not penetrate oil and gas zone, have naturally collapsed, and have blended harmlessly into the landscape. • 33 were either transferred to the North Slope Borough through the Barrow Gas Field Act of 1984 or were conveyed to Arctic Slope Regional Corporation. • 20 wells are being used to by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for climatic temperature and permafrost studies (see Appendix B). • 7 wells are plugged (6 at Umiat, Square Lake #1). • 37 wells that require further evaluation. Following the 2003 field season, members of the legacy well team met to determine criteria for evaluating the risks associated with the above mentioned 37 wells and ranking each well based on these risks. For consistency purposes, the group devised a series of questions to assist in the process: • What is the condition of the existing pad and pits? (e.g. any indication of contamination?) • Is there any solid waste (old equipment, piping, barrels, etc.) or potential hazardous material conditions? • Did the hole penetrate known oil or gas stratigraphy? • Did the well have oil or gas shows, and if so, is the well capable of flowing? • Is the well near human activity, and if so are there conditions present that pose a risk to people? • What is the condition of the wellhead? Have there been any previous problems or repair work? Does the well (in its current condition) pose a risk? • What is the surficial condition of the existing pad and pits? Is contamination a possibility? • Does the presence of unplugged wells have the potential to negatively impact anticipated development? Each of the 37 wells are described in the following pages. Descriptions are ordered in terms of the ranked priority based on the above stated criteria and the concerns identified. Umiat Wells The early Navy wells in Umiat rank at the top of the list. Umiat is located on the north bank of the Colville River 60 miles upstream from the village of Nuigsut. Natural oil seeps were discovered at Umiat by early explorers. This discovery, along with the detection of seeps at Cape Simpson, motivated the U.S. Navy to conduct a drilling program. Umiat and the Simpson Peninsula were the primary exploration targets in the mid to late 1940s. The Umiat seeps are still visible today. Their locations tend to shift over time. The seeps are currently active in Umiat Lake, just off the northeast portion of the airstrip and in a channel of the Colville River. 22 ~°~-~ ~~ • • The 11 Umiat wells were drilled from 1945 to 1952. These wells are a concern for BLM due to their close proximity to human activity. Umiat is not a village, but serves as a camp for seismic crews: Umiat is also the primary hub for recreational activities in eastern NPR-A and western LAMA (Central Arctic Management Area). It has one of the few airstrips on the North Slope maintained year-round and is a popular location for purchasing aircraft fuel (Figure 10). The Unuat wells all lie within 2 miles of the camp, with the exception of Umiat #1, which is approximately 5 miles to the northwest. After the U.S. Navy completed drilling operations in 1952, the U.S. Air Force assumed custodial responsibility at Umiat and established the 8,000-acre Umiat Air Force Station. In June of aircraft. 1955 the Air Force returned the facility to the U.S. Navy. Since Umiat is a Formerly Used Defense Site (FUDS), the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (COE) is responsible for the reduction of risk associated with surficial hazardous, toxic, and radioactive waste. The COE has conducted extensive surface investigations in the area and has identified contaminants at several locations. Varying levels of barium, petroleum, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) were identified at the wellsites, the landfill, and the nearby slough (U.S. Army COE, 2003). Contamination levels were compared to the Alaska Department of Environmental cleanup standards and were used as a screening level. The COE has conducted site remediation at two well locations, Umiat #2 and #5 (Figure 11), and has plans to continue the surface clean up. To facilitate site remediation, the COE plugged wells #2 and #5 in 2002, but plugging the remainder of the wells is the responsibility of the BLM. Four wells were plugged by the BLM in the Winter/Spring of 2004. After the removal of wellheads #2 and #5, the State of Alaska Historic Preservation Office asked the BLM to leave all existing surface objects (wellheads, tanks, pipes) onsite and intact, because Of their potential Figure 11: Umiat #2 and #5 prior to removal and historic value. The Alaska Heritage remediation. Photo taken August 2001. Resources Survey (AHRS) included the Umiat wells in an inventory of all reported historic and prehistoric sites within the State of Alaska. This inventory of cultural resources includes objects, structures, buildings, sites, districts, and travel routes generally more than 50 years old. Therefore, the wellheads for the other Umiat wells will be left in place after plugging is completed. 23 • Umiat #9 Umiat #9 was spudded in June 1951 and completed seven tnonths later in January 1952. The well is cased to a depth of 1,257 feet. The purpose of the well was to determine the western extent of the producing field. It was also the first hole in which oil-based muds were used in the Umiat area. Umiat #9 is located about half mile to the north-northwest of the Seabee pad. The well is located within the Northeast planning boundary (see Map 2) on lease AA- 081726. There is some potential for future development to occur in the area within the next 20 years and the well has the potential to leak to surface if development occurs and may adversely affect future development. Surficial wastes around Umiat #9 could present an issue. As was common with early Navy drilling, a gravel pad was not created. Wooden debris exists around the wellhead and there is a pile of drilling muds directly to the north which is void of vegetation (Figure 12). Samples taken by the COE from around the wellhead detected elevated levels of diesel range organics (DRO), residual range organics (RRO) and PCBs (U.S. Army COE, 2003). 24 • The wellhead is equipped with two bull plugs, a flange and a 2 3/-inch nipple. There are no fresh water aquifers in the area, but due to potential contaminants downhole and existing contaminants on the surface, the well does pose a risk to human health and the environment in its current condition. Umiat #6 Umiat #6 was spudded August 1950 to test the southern limits of the Uiniat anticline. The hole was drilled to a depth of 825 feet. The well was cased to 35 feet and a 42-foot cement plug was placed on the bottom of the well in order to stop water influx fioin sands at the base of the permafrost. The well encountered very poor shows in the Killik Tongue (Chandler Formation) and a productive sand in the upper Grandstand Formation. Oil recovered in open-hole pumping tests was produced at rates averaging 53 barrels of oil per day. Insufficient energy exists in the reservoir for the well to flow to surface and there are no fresh water aquifers present. Major caving of the hole occurred and the well was backfilled with mud (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The well is located within the Northeast planning boundary (see Map 2) on lease AA- 081726. There is some potential for future development to occur in the area within the next 20 years and the well has the potential to leak to surface if development occurs and may adversely affect future development. The well lies about 500 feet to the northwest of a gravel spur road which connects the Colville River to the eastern edge of the Umiat airstrip. The well is located in wet tundra adjacent to an empty 55-gallon drum. The well is left open with 8 5/8-inch casing to the surface. It has no gauges, valves or a cover plate. Two thermistor protrude to the surface and rests on the lip of the casing. This well poses no threat to human health or the environment unless development occurs. Umiat #7 Umiat #7 was drilled in 1951 to a depth of 1,384 feet, cased to 1,196 feet t t and completed as a dry f ~ hole. It was the southern most well drilled on the Umiat anticline. The objective was to further delineate the southern extent of the producing Figure 13: Umiat #7 summer and winter photos. field. The well encountered residual hydrocarbons in the Chandler and Grandstand formations. Oil recovered in bailing tests was so minute that it was measured in gallons. The small amount of crude recovered in each test is indicative of residual oil staining. The sands encountered in Grandstand are downdip of the productive reservoir and are water bearing. Minor gas shows were encountered at 260 feet (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The well is located within the Northeast planning boundary (see Map 2) on lease AA- 081726. There is some potential for future development to occur in the area within the 25 next 20 years but since the well is located below the oil/water contact it has less potential to be adversely affected or affect future development. The wellhead assembly consists of 7-inch casing (with collar) clamped inside 11 3/-inch casing at a total height of 30 inches (Figure 13). Surrounding the open hole is wet tundra with no indication of remaining debris or other surficial issues. The hole poses no threat to humans or the environment. The well location is currently situated on Alaska Dept. of Transportation land that was transferred in 1966, but the well remains the property of the BLM. Additional U~niat Work Umiat has been a site of recent cleanup projects. The cleanup process began in 1994 with the removal of about 1,000 drums, some containing petroleum and transformer oil with PCBs, from the main gravel pad. Another 200 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated soil was removed in 1998 along with 60 cubic yards of lead-contaminated soils. In 2001, 50 cubic yards of PCB soil was excavated with an additional 10 cubic yards removed the following year by the Corps of Engineers (U.S. COE, 2003). J.W. Dalton #1 J.W. Dalton #1 was drilled in 1979 to a depth of 9,367 feet. It is cased down to 8,898 feet and plugged back to 1,530 feet. (Husky Oil NPR Operations for U.S. Geological Survey-J.W. Dalton, 1982). The primary objective of the well was to determine if hydrocarbons were present within the Sadlerochit and Lisburne Groups. Gas shows were encountered in trace amounts in the Ivishak Formation, and the Lisburne and Endicott Group. Poor to good oil shows were discovered in the Ivishak Formation and in the Lisburne Group. A drillstem test of the Lisburne Group recovered 22 barrels of oily water (Gyrc, 1988). This well has been a USGS monitor well since its completion in 1979. Approximately 230 barrels of diesel fuel were placed downhole to act as a neutral medium for collecting wellbore temperatures. In the summer of 2004, warmer temperatures, wind, and wave action eroded 200 feet of the coastline adjacent to the well (Figures 14, 15). This erosion placed the J.W. Dalton #1 well and reserve pit precariously close ~'- -- ~-....~-yam _ ~ ~.:~:. ~ V ~ ~..y -. ':. }y~ ~~ ~ is .' ~~ ~~ .~ - Figure 14: Photo of J.W. Dalton taken October 26, 2004. Soil cracking is occurring around the wellhead and the north and east side of the cellar is exposed. 26 Figure 15: J.W. Dalton wellhead with pilings. Photo was taken August 2000. • w to the edge of the Arctic Ocean. As a result, casing is now exposed to a depth of 15 feet on the present day beach (Figure 16). The top of the diesel is approximately 60 feet below the present beach level. The reserve pit has been breached on the northwest coiner from the advancing shoreline (Figure 17). The pit is known to contain chromium, cobalt, zinc, and barium. However, chromium, cobalt and zinc were detected in background levels, due to the east-west water movement into and out of the pit. Barium is a constituent of the drilling muds and is consolidated with other sediments (U.S. Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992). The well is located within .the Northeast planning area (see Map 2), on a tract currently closed to leasing. This well is in danger of becoming engulfed by the ocean. The diesel fuel in the well and reserve pit contaminants raises concerns. The concerns can be eliminated by pumping out the diesel, or displacing the diesel with water and adding a bridge plug and cement to close off the hole. The casing would be cut off below surface. The diesel would be disposed of at the nearest Figure 17: Aerial view of the preached reserve pit. facility. If necessary, the reserve pit could be excavated down to remove contaminated soils, which would be placed into Super-Sacks and hauled out by Cat-Train for grinding and injection into a Class II well or other approved disposal site. In its current condition, the well does not pose a threat to humans or the environment, but if the casing were to break in its exposed condition, the diesel fuel would, over time, leak into the ocean. The release of heavy metals from the reserve pit may pose an immediate risk to human health and the environment. The pit was sampled October 26, 2004, and results are pending. 27 Figure 16: J.W. Dalton with exposed conductor (left), and rat hole (right). The mouse hole (not pictured) is completely exposed. Figure 18: Simpson Peninsula showing well locations. Simpson Core Test #26 Simpson Core Test #26 was drilled in the middle of one of the larger, active oil seeps in NPR-A (Figure 19). The Navy described this location as Seep 3. The hole reached a total depth of 1,171 feet and was cased to 350 feet. The well encountered one very poor gas show and one productive oil sand in the Ninuluk/Seabee undifferentiated formation. In production tests, the well flowed at rates averaging 110 barrels of oil per day (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). Other formations encountered include the Gubik, Seabee, and Grandstand Formations. Gas bubbles have been observed around the base of the casing since the 2000 field season. Bob Burruss of the USGS, sampled and analyzed gas from Simpson Core #27 which is part of the same oil field, located less than half mile to the east. His fmdings showed the gas to be biogenic methane indicating that microbial alteration (breakdowns) of the hydrocarbons has generated the gas. Additionally, oil sampled in the well was extremely biodegraded. Simpson Figure 19: The wellhead is located in the center of Core #26 has a wellhead flanged to the the photo. The green color liquid defines the area of active seepage. The orange color is oil-eating Casing, a 2-inch line pipe, and four bacteria. wing valves and will likely flow oil if 28 the valves are opened. Access to the wellhead is limited by the depth of oily-water sunounding its base (Figure 20). There are no concerns with contaminating fresh water aquifers if the well is left unplugged, but the well could potentially flow oil and cause damage to surface resources if the well equipment corrodes or, through human intervention, the well is opened or damaged. The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased, receiving a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. The area around the wellhead looks to have been bulldozed in an attempt to collect the seeping Figure 20: Simpson Core #26 drilled in the middle of an Oil. The scraped-up earth was oil seep. Depth of the oily-water prohibits access to the then used to build berms around Wellhead. the depression. Light amounts of trash appear to have been buried in these berms. The Navy cleaned up the site in the late 70s, removing most of the drums and other debris, but solid wastes, including half barrels and other drums can be found in the wet tar that fills the depression. Simpson Core Test #31 29 ~ ~ ;. ~~ ~ ~~ :~ * : ~ tiro ,: , ,,~,~ psi. The well also penetrated the Gubik and Seabee Formations, which were unproductive (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased and received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. A drilling pad does not exist as the well was drilled in an active oil seep, which remains active today (Figure 21). The Simpson Peninsula contains few permanent settlements, but a multitude of summer camps. The well had been a source of fuel for the inhabitants as evidenced by a 10-foot extension pipe hooked up to the wing valve. The extension allowed for the oil to flow down the pipe and collect in a bucket. In 2000, BLM learned that oil was seeping out of a corroded swedge on the wellhead. The potential halm was mitigated by the fact oil was seeping into a natural oil seep. In June 2001, BLM spent $35,000 to remove the old wellhead and install a new master valve and needle valve. Oil and gas samples were taken by the USGS prior to the replacement. There are no fresh water aquifers in the well so there are no risks to sub-surface resources but there are risks to surface resources if the well is left unplugged. Oil will flow to surface if the wellhead or casing con•odes or if the well is left open. There are no solid wastes or hazardous materials (besides the natural oil) that would present a concern or pose a risk to the health and safety of the land and people. Simpson Core Test #30A Simpson Core Test #30A is an oil well drilled in 1951 to a depth of 693 feet and cased to 152 feet. The well encountered some very poor gas shows and one productive sand in the Ninuluk/Seabee undifferentiated formation. The well was bailed and averaged oil rates of 6 barrels per day during bailing tests (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased and received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. The wellhead consists of casing swedge, a nipple, and a brass gate valve and will flow oil to surface if the valve is opened. There are no sub-surface fresh water aquifers at risk. However, if the well is left unplugged it could pose a risk to surface resources. In its current state, oil could flow to surface if the well is damaged, corroded, or the valves are opened. Additionally, concerns have been raised regarding the bubbling around the base of the casing. When the valve is opened, the bubbling subsides. This indicates a small leak around the base of the casing or through a hole in the casing. The gas was sampled by the USGS and has been identified as reservoir-produced biogenic gas. While the well does pose a risk, it is mitigated by the fact that the well is drilled in an active, natural oil seep. 30 Simpson Core Test #30 Simpson Core Tests #30 and #30A were drilled about 100 feet apart in the same oil seep. The seep is part of the same regime that contains Cores #26 and #27. These wells were drilled to gain an understanding of the producing field limits and to help determine underlying structure. Simpson Core #30 is an oil well drilled in 1951 to a depth of 1,500 feet. No plugs were set and the well was cased to 102 ft. The hole encountered the same formations as Cores #26 and #27; Gubik, Seabee, undifferentiated Ninuluk/Seabee, and the Grandstand with a few poor gas shows and one productive sand in the Ninuluk/Seabee undifferentiated formation. Poor oil shows were also noted in the deeper Grandstand Formation. During production tests of the shallow oil sand the well was bailed at rates averaging 5 barrels of oil per day (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased and received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. The well was left with sheared, open casing above ground. Even though the well produced oil 50 years ago, it is static today. This suggests the hole has collapsed below the shallow casing. There are no fresh water aquifers in the well, however, since the well was drilled to a reservoir with sufficient energy to flow oil to surface, the well should probably be considered a risk if left unplugged. This well would probably be plugged by placing a 100 foot surface plug downhole to eliminate risks to surface resources. The potential risk is alleviated by the fact that the well is drilled in an active, natural oil seep. There is no drill pad as the Navy drilled within the seep and camped on the tundra. Some light trash is present in the seep between the Core #30 and Core #30A, which may prove difficult to clean (Figure 22). The well lies three tenths of a mile from both Core #26 and #27 (Figure 18). Simpson Core Test #27 Simpson Core Test #27 is an oil well that was spudded February 1951 and completed one month later. Total depth of the well is 1,500 feet, with casing down to 102 feet. Oil was encountered at a depth of 380 feet and was bailed at a rate of 3 barrels per day. The core test encountered the same formations as Simpson Core Test #26, with a few very poor gas shows and one productive oil bearing sand in the Ninuluk/Seabee undifferentiated formation. Oil-based muds were used from the drilling depth of 325 to 661 feet. At that point the oil was displaced and the drilling crew resumed using water based muds. 31 Figure 22: Light trash is present in the seep between Cores #30 and #30A. i C~ Additional crude was added downhole at a depth of 1,320 feet. The drill pipe was stuck and the two front derrick legs collapsed below the four-foot extension in an effort to free the pipe. The drilling muds in place were re-circulated during the repair process. In an attempt to free the pipe, 73 barrels of crude and 23 barrels of diesel were used to replace the muds and the pipe was worked free. The oil was gradually replaced by mud as the drilling continued, however, some oil remained in the hole after completion. The crude used downhole came from Simpson Core Test #26 (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). There are no fresh water aquifers in the well so there are no risks to sub-surface resources but there are risks to surface resources if the well is left unplugged. Oil could flow to surface if the well equipment corrodes, the well is damaged, or left open. This potential risk is mitigated by the fact that the well is drilled in an inactive, natural oil seep. The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased and received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. There is no existing pad. The wellhead consists of .8 5/8-inch casing, a flange and a brass gate valve. The casing was set in a small inactive oil seep. It will flow oil to surface if opened. There is no surface debris present at Core #27 (Figure 23). The well poses little threat to human health and the immediate environment around it in its cuiTent condition. Simpson Core Test #29 Simpson Core Test #29 is a dry hole drilled in 1950 to a depth of 700 feet and cased to 152 feet. The purpose of the well was to determine the limits of the producing field encountered at Core #26. A very poor oil show was identified in the Seabee Formation. The productive sand present in the other Simpson Cores does not exist in this well. The test hole also penetrated the Gubik and Grandstand Formations. No oil was recovered from this well (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). The well is grouped higher on the priority list due to its close approximation to Simpson Cores #26, #27, #30 and #30A (Figure 18). The well is located within the Northwest planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract was recently leased and received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development if left unplugged since any development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. The well was left with 8 1/2-inch casing, open to the atmosphere at a height of 6 inches. Thermistor cables protrude from the casing. It is located in a four-by-four foot wooden 32 Figure 23: There is no surface debris present at Simpson Core #27. i cellar filled with water. A drilling pad was never established. There is some light trash around the wellhead including drill pipe, and various sized wooden scraps. A small barrel pump and other small debris can be seen in the casing and within the cellar (Figure 24). This well poses no threat to the human population or the environment. Umiat #1 CJ Umiat #1 was spud in 1945, and completed in 1946. Total depth reached was 6,005 feet and the well was cased to 685 feet. The well encountered residual hydrocarbons and a few poor gas shows in the Seabee, Ninuluk, Chandler, Grandstand, and Topagoruk Formations. The sands of the Grandstand were outside the productive area encountered by other Umiat wells, which are located five miles to the east. Oil recovered in bailing tests was so minute that it was measured in pints and officially recorded as a trace. Lab tests determined the oil to be of a different type of crude oil than that found in the productive Umiat wells (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The small amount of crude recovered in each test is indicative of residual oil staining. No fresh water aquifers exist in the Umiat area, so this well poses no threat to sub-surface water resources. There is no pressure on the wellhead and it is fitted with a blind plate, a 2-inch nipple and a brass gate valve (Figure 25). The well is located on an unleased tract at the crest of a hill that divides the north and south forks of Seabee Creek. Future development is unlikely because of its location outside the Umiat structure. Left unplugged, the well poses no threat to the environment and has no potential to adversely affect future development. The surficial landscape is dominated by willows with the exception of three piles of drilling muds that are located to the east and north of the wellhead. Vegetation is absent on the slick, clay- type material. The COE tested the piles and found them to be contaminated with barium, Figure 25: Umiat #1 is located about 5 which is not surprising given that barite is a miles from the Umiat airstrip, common drilling fluid component. Tluough sampling, the COE determined the barium has not migrated down the hill and poses no danger to the Seabee Creek drainage (Ecology and Environment, 1999). There is no 33 Figure 24: Simpson Core #29 • indication of stressed vegetation down-gradient from the drill muds. Additionally, solid waste in the foizn of steel framing and scrap metal are near the wellhead. The solid wastes pose no threat but are unsightly. Umiat #11 Umiat #11 was spud June 1952 and completed two months later. The well reached a total depth of 3,303 feet with 486 feet cased. One cement plug was placed at 440 feet. The objective was to test production possibilities of the Grandstand Formation on a fault that parallels the Umiat anticline. The well encountered residual hydrocarbons in the Seabee, Ninuluk, and Grandstand Formations but no oil or gas was recovered during production tests. The sands of the Grandstand were outside the productive area encountered by other Umiat wells, which are over one mile to the south. The well is located within the Northeast planning boundary (see Map 2). The tract is located on lease AA-084141 but there is little possibility of the well interfering with future development due to its location outside the Umiat structure. The well was drilled in the alluvial plain of Bearpaw Creek, 0.6 miles from Umiat #8. A drilling pad was never created as operations consisted of mounting the drill rig on a sled and then placing it on top of large timbers that were secured to pilings (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). A pile of unvegetated drilling muds is present 30 feet west of the wellhead in between the wellhead and the creek. The wellhead consists of a 10 3/-inch open-ended casing with a collar sticking up inside a 30-inch conductor that is filled with water. Minor wood debris can be found around the wellhead. The well poses no risk if left unplugged. Wolf Creek Area Three test wells were drilled in the Wolf Creek area. The wells were drilled in the early 1950s with the intent of testing the northwest-trending Wolf Creek anticline structure. Wolf Creek #1 and #3 (Figure 26) are located at the crest of a hill with about 250 feet of relief from the valley. Wolf Creek #2 is located about one and one- third miles north within the Wolf Creek valley. Wolf Creek #2 and #3 are open holes but Wolf Creek #1 is equipped with a wellhead. Wolf Creek #1 Wolf Creek #1 is a gas well drilled in 1951 to 1,500 feet and cased to 48 feet. The well encountered very poor gas shows in the Killik Tongue and productive sands in the Grandstand Formation. The well produced at rates up to 881 MCFPD in open hole tests 34 Figure 26: Wolf Creek #1 after adding a new ball valve to the wellhead. August 2004. • of the Grandstand. The well is equipped with a blind plate, a 2-inch nipple and a brass gate valve (Figure 26). There is a small gas leak in the threaded wellhead flange and, if the valve is opened, the well will flow about 10 MCFPD but the pressure is so low it does not register on a gauge. In its cui7•ent condition, the well does not appear to pose a risk to surface or sub- surface resources. The drill pad is shared with Wolf Creek #3. Tluoughout the pad, there are some wooden pilings, metal anchors and scrap metal. The scraps should not be considered hazardous in this remote region. The leaking gas is of minor concern, however given the weak gas pressure and remote location; the overall risk is very minimal. Wolf Creek #2 Wolf Creek #2 is a diy hole. The well was drilled in 1951 to 1,618 feet and cased to 53 feet. It is located roughly 1 '/ miles north of the other Wolf Creek test wells. The purpose of drilling was to determine if the gas-bearing sandstone beds previously encountered in Wolf Creek #1 would contain any oil. The records indicate a very poor gas show was encountered in the Killik Tongue but no oil or gas was recovered in production tests (Collins and Bergquist, 1959). The hole also penetrated the Seabee, Ninuluk, Chandler, and Grandstand Formations. The well is located on an unleased tract within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2). No offers were received in the June 2004 lease sale for the tract and near-term development is unlikely. The wellhead consists of a plate welded onto the 11 '/-inch casing cut off at ground level (Figure 27). There is no existing drill pad. Solid wastes consist of a few empty 55-gallon drums upstream along the upper floodplain of the creek. The well poses no threat to surface or sub-surface resources and has no potential to adversely affect future development. Wolf Creek #3 Wolf Creek #3 is a gas well. The well was drilled in 1952 to a depth of 3,760 feet and cased to 625 feet. It is deeper than the other two Wolf Creek wells because its primacy purpose was to test the Grandstand Formation (the producing formation around Umiat, 35 miles to the west). The Grandstand Formation produced from four different sands. In 35 Figure 27: Wolf Creek #2 had casing cut off at ground level. • • open hole flow tests of the well produced at rates up to 445 MCFPD. The gas appeared to be sufficient to supply a small camp, but not of commercial proportions (Collins and Bergquist, 1959). Two plugs were set in the well above the Grandstand Formation. The top of the shallowest plug is inside the casing at 554 feet. In addition to the Grandstand, the hole penetrated the Ninuluk, Chandler, and Topagoruk Formations. Upon abandonment, the hole was filled with oil-based drilling muds and left open to the environment. A total of 103 barrels of crude were used. The well is located on an unleased tract within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2). No offers were received in the June 2004 lease sale for the tract and near-term development is unlikely. The well poses no tlueat to surface or sub-surface resources and has no potential to adversely affect future development. The drill pad is shared with Wolf Creek #1. There is some minor debris at the site as noted in the Wolf Creek #1 description. The wellhead was cut off six inches from the ground surface. This allows seasonal precipitation to accrue in the hole and spill over the sides, but the well poses no threat to surface or sub-siu-face resources and has no potential to adversely affect future development. Fish Creek #1 Fish Creek #1 was drilled by the Navy in 1949 near an oil seep. Total depth of the well was 7,020 feet. The well was plugged back to approximately 2,550 feet, drilled to a new total depth of 3,018 feet and cased to 3,017 feet. The well was drilled to test a large gravity anomaly that suggested the possible presence of petroleum-bearing rocks and some structural anomaly that might be a trap for oil. Very poor oil shows were identified in the Topagoruk Formation at depths from 5,550 - 6,000 feet and a productive sand was reported at 3,000 feet. The well is not a flowing well but was pump-tested at rates averaging 12 barrels of oil per day tlu•ough agravel-packed completion. It also produced a small amount of methane gas. The hole encountered the Gubik, Shrader Bluff, Tuluvak, and Seabee Formations. Current condition of the wellhead is that it has no pressure at surface and consists of two wing valves and a master valve. The well is located within the Northeast planning area (see Map 2) on lease AA-081857 where, in 2004, ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc. drilled an exploratory well within seven miles. The target of the exploration is in the Upper Jurassic at depth of approximately 8,000 feet and it is not likely that this unplugged well will adversely affect development in the area. The recent Alpine Satellites EIS approves oil and gas development in this area. ConocoPhillips has proposed roads and a drilling pad less than eight miles from this well and will likely be 36 • • producing by 2008. Given the low level of risk, the plugging of this well should be postponed until infrastructure is established. Surficially, there are still soiree solid wastes present. The drilling pad and cellar construction consists of concrete reinforced with steel matting. The concrete, matting, and pilings are still in place today, albeit heaved by permafrost (Figure 28). Several 55- gallon trash drums filled with debris are located off the concrete pad. Other light debris is also present within 500 feet of the pad. The oil seep is located about 1.5 miles to the southwest of the well site and is inactive. The USGS 305-I reports the dimension of the seep as being 6' x 20' (Florence and Brewer, 1964), however, BLM personnel located the seep in 2001 and noted its dimension to be 3' x 6'. Simpson Core Test #28 Simpson Core Test #28 was drilled in September 1950 to a total depth of 2,505 feet and cased to 110 feet. Despite the depth, the hole did not encounter any hydrocarbon shows. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. A drill pad does not exist, however a large area of disturbance is visible. The wellhead consists of open casing inside a wooden cellar. There is considerable solid waste near the well. These include: numerous metal pilings, drill pipe, large wood fragments (spool, plywood, timbers), and some partially crushed drums. The solid wastes are unsightly, but pose no threat to humans or the environment. Simpson Core Test #13 Simpson Core Test #13 was drilled in the summer of 1949. It was a relatively shallow test and did not generate any significant oil or gas shows. The well encountered residual hydrocarbons in the Seabee and Grandstand Formations at depths of 1,079 - 1,084 and 1,138 - 1,148 feet (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). No oil or gas was recovered during production tests. The well is over three miles north of the Simpson Core wells that penetrated productive Grandstand sands. Total depth of the well reached 1,438 feet. The top 26 feet are cased and the hole was filled with water-based drilling mud. Fresh water aquifers were not encountered. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. 37 • A drilling pad does not exist. Seven-inch casing was cut off at ground level and is very difficult to locate. The well is open to the atmosphere. There is no solid waste, nor is there. anything hazardous regarding this location. It should not be considered a risk to surface or sub-surface resources. Simpson Core Test #15 Simpson Core Test #15 was drilled in August 1949 near an active oil seep. The well was drilled to a total depth of 900 feet and cased to 18 feet. The well encountered only residual hydrocarbons in the Ninuluk/Seabee and Grandstand Formations (Robinson and Brewer, 1964). No oil or gas was recovered during well tests. Additionally, fresh water aquifers were not encountered. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. There is no existing pad. The well was drilled about '/8 of a mile north of a natural seep. The well consists of open ended casing with a height of 18 inches (Figure 29). The area is clean with no solid waste. This well poses no risks to the environment or human activities. Simpson Core Test #14 Simpson Core Test #14 was drilled in 1949 to a depth of 290 feet. The records do not clearly state how much casing was run but the well was left with casing above ground open to the atmosphere. Its present day location lies within 1000 feet to the west of an active oil seep. The well was not drilled deep enough to encounter the hydrocarbon stained sands evident in the Simpson Core #14A well. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development in the area is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years. This shallow well did not penetrate any hydrocarbon bearing zones and poses no risk to surface or sub- surface resources, nor does it have the potential to adversely impact future development. 38 • Simpson Core Test #14A Simpson Core #14A was drilled in 1949 to a depth of 1,270 feet and casing was set to a depth of 32 feet. The well encountered only residual hydrocarbons in the Ninuluk/Seabee and Grandstand Formations. No oil or gas was recovered during tests (Robinson and Brewer, 1964) and fresh water aquifers are not present. Present day location of the well is approximately 1000 feet to the west of an active oil seep. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper, more productive formations. East Simpson #2 East Simpson #2 was drilled in 1977 to 7,505 feet and cased to 6,427 feet. Five cement plugs were set, with the top of the shallowest plug set at 1,997 feet. The primary objective of the well was to test the Ivishak Sandstone where it onlaps the Pre-Devonian age basement rock (Husky Oil NPR Operations for U.S. Geological Survey, 1982). Small scale faulting was found between the wells in the area, possibly accounting for the thin section representing the Sadlerochit Formation. The well encountered very poor oil shows at 6,000 feet in the Torok Formation and Endicott age sandstones were cored with poor porosity and dead oil shows. The well is officially listed as a dry hole. Upon completion of the production tests, the well was plugged back to 1,997 feet and filled with approximately 280 barrels of diesel to facilitate permafrost temperature measurements. However with East Simpson #1 less than five miles away, the USGS has no plans to use this well for temperature monitoring. The well is located witlmin the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $21.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this 39 well will have an adverse impact on development. If this exploration and development establishes infrastructure nearby, it would greatly facilitate plugging this well and significantly reduce costs. The wellhead consists of a casing head, side gate valve, a master gate valve, and a needle valve. The drilling pad is of the thin pad variety and is slowly being reclaimed by natural processes. Exposed pilings stick up a height of two feet from the surface, but no other objects needing removal are present (Figure 31). The cellar is a wooden 12' x 12' with standing water. With the existing plugs and the static condition of the well, there is no risk to surface or sub-surface resources. Kaolak #1 Kaolak #1 lies in the northwest portion of NPR-A and is considered one of the more remote well sites within the reserve. Kaolak #1 was drilled in 1951 to a depth of 6,952 feet and casing was set to 1,000 feet. Drilling served two purposes, to determine the presence of any reservoir characteristics, and to determine if oil or gas shows were present in this remote " '~ 7~~ '~ " ~ f '~' a `'; { portion of the reserve. The ~ ~ ^4 site was chosen based on a seismograph survey in 1950 that identified an anticline at this location. The intent was to drill to a depth of 8,000 feet, but a windstorm destroyed the derrick. After the storm, the hole was abandoned due to unsatisfactory oil and gas shows. Findings indicated some very poor oil and gas shows in the Chandler Formation and very poor Figure 32: Kaolak #1 with cabin on the drill pad. shows in the Topagoruk Formation. Gas shows were attributed to association with the coal beds (Collins and Bergquist, 1958). Upon abandonment, no plugs were set and the hole was filled with heavy muds. The well is located on an unleased tract, in Southern NPR-A (see Map 2) where a lease sale is scheduled for 2008. Exploration and development in the area is a possibility within 40 Figure 31: East Simpson #2 is partially submerged during the spring thaw. Photo taken June 2003. i ~ the next 20 years, but since this well did not penetrate productive oil and gas zones it will not have an adverse impact. There are no major surface issues. The working area is still visible due to a multitude of wooden pilings around the wellhead and a cabin on the north end of the pad (Figure 32). Off the pad, the area is clean. The wellhead is missing its upper components. All that remains is the top flange above the base plate and the casing spool, leaving 11 3/-inch casing open to the enviromnent. The well is left with a casing head and is open to atmosphere. The wellsite is 45 miles southwest Wainwright, which is the nearest community. There are no hazardous materials or anything that would pose a risk to the general health and safety of the land. The cabin may be a concern, but dealing with the situation is outside the scope of this report. Meade #1 Meade #1 is a gas well drilled to a depth of 5,305 feet in 1950. The well was cased to 2,785 feet and two cement plugs were set, with the top of the shallowest plug tagged at 2,783 feet inside the casing. The well encountered some gas shows in one productive sand within the Grandstand Formation. The gas tested at rates up to 1.1 MMCFPD during openhole flow tests of the sand at 2,949 - 2,969 feet. The well is estimated to have gas reserves of 10 BCF. Gas pockets are relatively common in this portion of NPR-A due in large part to the underlying coal. At one point while conducting tests, some problems were encountered while attempting to pull a testing tool out of the hole; aball-peen hammer was inadvertently dropped downhole, causing the tubing to stick. The tubing could not be freed and as a result, it twisted off leaving tubing in the hole. When the lost tubing could not be pulled out, heavy muds were pumped downhole and the well was abandoned (Collins and Bergquist, 1958). The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2). The well is adjacent to a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $10.26 per acre during the 2004 lease sale. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years and has the potential to target the Grandstand Formation. If left unplugged the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. There is no pad present at Meade #1 Several pilings and light trash are present, but s at ground level and consists of an open flange bolted to the top of the casing (Figure 33). This differs from the Navy reports that indicate the wellhead was abandoned in place. There is no record as to why it was removed. A BLM field crew bailed the hole and discovered a swedge and 2-inch needle valve junked downhole. This site is very remote (30 miles south of Atgasuk) and since the gas zones are currently isolated below the cement plugs there is a limited risk of adverse impacts to surface or sub-surface resources. 41 Figure 33: Meade #1 wellhead. Titaluk #1 Titaluk #1 was drilled in 1951 to a depth of 4,020 feet and is a dry hole. The well was drilled on the end of an anticline to test the oil and gas potential of formations within the Nanushuk Group. A few very poor oil and gas shows were encountered in the Grandstand and Topagoruk Formations, but no oil or gas was recovered during multiple production tests. The Ninuluk and Chandler Formations were also encountered, but with no shows. One cement plug was set at 3,471 feet. The placement of this plug is curious since the shows (albeit poor) were reportedly discovered above this level (Robinson and Bergquist, 1959). The well remains in a static condition. Titaluk # 1 is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on an unleased tract. No offers were received. in the June 2004 lease sale. Near-term development is unlikely. Surficially, there are no concerns with this well. The well is open, 10 3/- inch casing above ground to a height of 3 feet. It is open to the atmosphere. The area of disturbance is completely revegetated Figure 34: Titaluk #1 wellhead with wooden cellar. With no Solid waste concerns. The wooden cellar is in a state of disrepair and filled with water (Figure 34). The site is clean with very little debris. There are no hazardous conditions associated with the surface. The nearest settlement is Umiat, 60 miles to the east. The well poses no risks to human safety or the environment. Skull Cliff Core Test #1 Skull Cliff Core Test #1 was drilled in 1947 to a depth of 779 feet and is a dry hole. No shows of oil or gas were reported while drilling through the Gubik, Grandstand, and Topagoruk Formations. While drilling to the target depth of 1,500 feet, the drillstring was lost in the hole and fishing attempts were unsuccessful in recovering the lost drillstring. The drilling mud was bailed down to the top of the fish and the remainder of the well was filled with diesel to 54 feet to prevent the wellbore from freezing and facilitate downhole temperature measurements. It is plausible that the casing could corrode and the diesel fuel could seep into the sub-surface strata, but since there are no fresh water zones in the well it is not considered a risk that would adversely impact sub-surface resources (Collins and Brewer, 1961). The well is located within the Northeast planning area (see Map 2). The well lies adjacent to a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $10.77 per acre during the 2004 lease sale. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it 42 • • is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since industry will likely target deeper, productive formations. An oil seep located at the base of Skull Cliff (land/ocean contact) was observed and documented in the 1940s, which influenced the Navy's decision to drill. BLM and USGS crews searched for the seep when they were in the area but nothing was found at the cliff/beach contact. However, another seep was reported in 1996 by a group from the Academy of Natural Sciences in a small gully about a mile to the east near the old radio tower site. This seep was never confirmed by BLM. Oumalik #1 Oumalik #1 was drilled in 1950 and is a dry hole. The well was drilled to a total depth of 11,872 feet and cased to 2,762 feet. It is the deepest well drilled by the early U.S. Navy program. The well location was positioned on the apex of the Oumalik Anticline and drilled with the intent of revealing the oil, gas, and water content of the penetrated stratigraphy. Two cement plugs were set, the shallowest of which is inside the casing at 2,543 feet. Very poor oil and gas shows were reported in the Grandstand Formation, and poor gas shows were noted in both the Topagoiuk and Oumalik Formations. Small undetermined volumes of gas were recovered during multiple production tests. It is believed that the gas encountered was large enough to furnish fuel to a camp but not large enough to become a commercial producer. The gas encountered during drilling showed high gas pressure, but the sandstones in which they were observed are thin with low porosity (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The gas zones are currently isolated by the cement plugs and pose no risk to sub-surface resources. The wellhead and a fabricated plate are below ground level. Two 2 %-inch nipples open to the atmosphere are above ground to allow thermistor cables to be run into the well. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on unleased tract that received no bids during the lease sale of 2004. Near-term development is unlikely. If left 43 unplugged, the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. The existing pad contains piping from a ground refrigeration system similar to Topagoruk #1. The ground in this area is somewhat swampy with high susceptibility to permafrost melt. Circulating cooled diesel fuel in the pipes enabled drilling to occur without thawing the ground. The steel pilings were pulled from the ground to be reused at another site (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). However, steel pipe filled with diesel fuel remains. A 6- inch circumference of stressed vegetation was noted around several of the low-cut pipes. Despite the diesel, the well does not pose a risk to any existing communities or habitation. It is in a remote location approximately 55 miles southeast of Atqasuk. Overall, the well poses no risk to people or the environment. East Oumalik #1 .East Oumalik # 1 was drilled on a ridge that overlooks an unnamed tributary of the Oumalik River. Topographic relief is approximately 100 feet. The drill site is highly remote as the nearest village (Atqasuk) is 65 miles away. The well was drilled in 1951 and reached a total depth of 6,035 feet and is cased to 1,100 feet. It is a dry hole. Very poor oil and gas shows were reported in the Grandstand Formation and very poor gas shows were reported in Topagoruk Formation. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on an unleased tract that received no bids during the lease sale of 2004. It is unlikely that exploration and development will occur in the vicinity of this well in the near future. If left unplugged, the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. The well was left with open casing below ground level and has thermistor cables protruding from inside the casing. The casing is marked by a 7-foot, 3/-inch pipe. The open pipe lies within awater-filled cellar. The standing water has produced numerous algae and other aquatic vegetation obscuring the wellbore. Surficial hazards consist of several 10-foot timbers and a few 4-foot pipes (probably rig anchors) sticking up out of the ground. The site is mostly overgrown with shrubs and appears to be relatively clean. The airstrip, incoming, and outgoing trail scars are obvious and can be used to navigate to the wellsite. There are no risks associated with the well in its current condition and was given this ranking due to its close proximity to Oumalik # 1. Topagoruk #1 Topagoruk # 1 was drilled in 1951 to a depth of 7,154 feet and is a dry hole. The intent was to test a small, buried anticline and the various formations associated with it. The well was cased to 6,073 feet, plugged back to 6,175 feet and then drilled to a new total depth of 10,503 feet. Prior to re-drilling to total depth, approximately 250 barrels of crude oil from Cape Simpson were added downhole to help offset lost circulation and caving. Additionally, 20 barrels of diesel were added downhole during the drilling phase. No plugs exist in this well. The well is left with open casing to the surface and thermistor cables protruding from the casing (Figure 36). The well encountered the following stratigraphic units while drilling; Gubik, Grandstand, Topagoruk, and Oumalik Formations, Middle and Upper Jurassic rocks, Shublik Formation (Triassic age), Permian rocks, and Lower-Middle Devonian rocks. Hydrocarbon shows were limited to a few very poor gas shows in the Oumalik Formation. No oil or gas was recovered during 44 multiple production tests (Collins and Bergquist, 1958). The well penetrated no fresh water aquifers and does not represent a tlu•eat to surface or sub- surface resources. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2). It is adjacent to a recently leased tract, receiving a high bid of $50.00 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development in the area is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but since this well did not penetrate productive oil and gas zones it will not have an adverse impact. There is not a visible pad, but rather an area of disturbance. Disturbance stretches i/4 mile in an Figure 36: Topagoruk #i casing on its east-west direction and t/8 of a mile in a north- side. When the casing was pulled out of south direction. Solid wastes exist in the form of the ground, thermistor cables were piping remaining from a refrigeration system that discovered. circulated diesel to keep the permafrost frozen. A potential hazard exists because diesel still occupies the ground circulation lines. These lines stretch approximately 750 feet to the east, 250 feet to the north, and 100 feet to the south from the wellhead. Other debris on site include some large, partially-burned timbers, awater-filled wooden box (Figure 37) that resembles a cellar ('/4 mile east of the wellhead), and drilling muds. Atqasuk is the closest village approximately 30 miles to the southwest. The well is remote with the exception of a subsistence camp approximately one mile southwest of the wellhead along the Topagoruk River. East Topagoruk #1 Topagoruk's wellhead consists of an open hole cut off at the ground surface with several thermistor cables. A thin piece of weathered metal fits around the cut-off casing to resemble a marker. The weathered metal has been smashed at the base and now lies bent in half on its side. Overall this site poses little hazard to the environment or human population. East Topagoruk #1 was drilled on top of a small ridge in the Chipp River delta in 1951. It reached a total depth of 3,589 feet and is cased to 1,100 feet. The purpose of the well was to test an anticline with closure as well as test the fluid content of the permeable Cretaceous sandstone (Collins and Bergquist, 1958). A very poor gas show in the Topagoruk Formation is the only reported hydrocarbons encountered in the well and no oil or gas was recovered during multiple production tests. One cement plug was set in the 45 Figure 37: Drilling muds and a wooden box that resembles a cellar are located about'/< mile east of the wellhead. • well at 1,049 feet. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract. The tract receiving a high bid of $84.99 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development in the vicinity of this well is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper formations. A drill pad does not exist. There are a few rig anchors near the wellhead, but no other surficial debris. The cunent state of the wellhead is open-ended 10 3/-inch casing. Casing height is three feet above the ground surface. It is housed in a small 9' x 9' water-filled cellar. The area is remote and poses no health and safety risks to humans or the environment. Knifeblade Wells There were three shallow test wells drilled in the Knifeblade Ridge area. Knifeblade #1 was drilled on the ridge at the head of a small stream, with wells 2 and 2A drilled about a mile downstream. The wells are in a highly remote location with Umiat being the nearest settlement, 65 miles to the east. Knifeblade #1 Knifeblade #1 is a dry hole drilled in 1951. The well was drilled to a depth of 1,805 feet and cased to 1,211 feet. The purpose of the well was to test the oil and gas properties of the Grandstand and Tuktu Formations (Robinson and Bergquist, 1959). The well encountered very poor gas shows in the Killik Tongue of the Chandler Formation and very poor oil and gas shows in the Grandstand Formation. The well is located on an unleased tract, in Southern NPR-A (see Map 2) where a lease sale is scheduled for 2008. It is unlikely that exploration and development will occur in the vicinity of this well in the near future. If left unplugged, the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. 46 • Knifeblade #2 Knifeblade #2 is another dry hole drilled in 1951. It was the first of the tluee Knifeblade wells drilled and reached a total depth of 373 feet, cased to 45 feet, before being junked and abandoned. The purpose of the well was to test the oil and gas properties of the Grandstand and Tuktu Formations (Robinson and Bergquist, 1959). The well did not encounter any hydrocarbon shows. The well is located on an unleased tract, in Southern NPR-A (see Map 2) where a lease sale is scheduled for 2008. It is unlikely that exploration and development will occur in the vicinity of this well in the near future. If left unplugged, the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. Surficial issues are negligible. A drill pad does not exist and the wellhead consists of open-ended casing. There are approximately eight empty drums near Knifeblade #2 and #2A. The wells are highly remote and should not be considered a threat to the environment or human activity. Knifeblade #2A Knifeblade #2A, also drilled in 1951, reached a total depth of 1,805 feet and was cased to 38 feet. The well lies 28 feet to the north of Knifeblade #2A. The purpose of the well was to test the oil and gas properties of the Grandstand and Tuktu Formations (Robinson and Bergquist, 1959). Only very poor oil and gas shows were reported in the Grandstand Formation. The well was left with casing open to the atmosphere and poses no threat to surface or sub-surface resources in its current condition. The well is located on an unleased tract, in Southern NPR-A (see Map 2) where a lease sale is scheduled for 2008. It is unlikely that exploration and development will occur in the vicinity of this well in the near future. If left unplugged, the well has no potential to adversely affect future development. Simpson #1 Simpson #1 test well was drilled with a rotary rig in 1948 by the U.S. Navy. The well was drilled to a total depth of 7,002 feet and cased to 5,954 feet. The purpose of the well was to test the various formations of the Lower Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic rocks. The well encountered several very poor oil and gas shows and one productive gas sand in the Lower Jurassic at a depth of 6,183 - 6,193 feet. The well produced gas at rates up to 3.0 MMCFPD during open hole flow tests of this Lower Jurassic sand. The gas zones are currently isolated from other formations and the surface by two cement plugs set above the productive sand. The top of the shallowest plug is at 5,520 feet (Robinson and Yuster, 1959). The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) adjacent to recently leased tract that received a high bid of $7.51 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development in the vicinity of this well is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years and this exploration has the potential to target the Lower Jurassic. Since the well is partially plugged,. however, it poses little risk to surface or sub-surface resources and will not likely adversely affect any future development. 47 i ~ The pad is highly visible and was constructed in the same fashion as Fish Creek #1 in which concrete was used as a working pad. Concrete was poured over a landing mat which was placed on pilings. As a result of ground movement from perniafrost freeze/thaw cycles, the concrete has buckled in numerous places creating apartially- collapsed surface. This feature provides excellent shelter to small animals and rodents. Additionally, there is a small pile of drilling muds near the wellhead. The well was left equipped with a casing flange, spool w/ side bull plug, and another flange and nipple and is shut-in with no pressure at surface. The components past the flange have since been removed. Overall, the current condition of the site is non-.threatening to the sparse human population and the surrounding environment. North Simpson #1 North Simpson #1 was drilled in 1950 to a depth of 3,774 feet and cased to 109 feet. No hydrocarbon shows were reported during the drilling of this well as no sandstone was encountered (Robinson and Yuster, 1959). Upon completion, no plugs were set and the hole was filled back with muds. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) adjacent to a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $12.76 per acre during the NW NPR-A lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development in the vicinity of this well is a distinct possibility within the next 20 years but it is unlikely this well will have an adverse impact on development since the well did not penetrate productive zones and future development will likely target deeper formations. South Simpson #1 South Simpson #1 was drilled in 1977. The purpose of the hole was to test the Sadlerochit Formation where it laps onto the south flank of the Barrow Arch. The well was drilled to 8,795 feet and cased to 7,206 feet. Reports show that poor gas .shows were identified in the Nanushuk Group, Kingak Shale and Shublik Formation. Gas flowed at a rate of 75 MCFPD between 6,522 - 6,568 feet within the Kingak Shale (Gyrc, 1988). The gas contained more than 70% nitrogen. The origin of the high nitrogen content is unknown, but appears to be a localized phenomenon (Bunuss, 2003). Sandstone tongues 48 (Simpson sand) within the Kingak Shale in the Simpson and Barrow localities are known to display good gas reservoir quality (Houseknecht 2001). Poor oil shows were discovered in the Nanushuk Group and. Shublik and Torok Formations. Drill stem tests did not recover any oil. The well is located within the Northwest planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $5.01 per acre during the lease sale of 2004. Exploration and development is a distinct possibility in the near future since the well is properly plugged it will have no adverse impacts on development. Surficially, the pad and pits are in good shape. The cellar has been backfilled Figure 40: South Simpson #1 had its cellar backfilled with silt, with silt which resulted in consequently burying the casing head. the burial of the casing head (Figure 40). Above the surface, the wellhead consists of a 4-inch line pipe and a master valve. The master valve is frozen in the open position. The needle valve previously located above the master valve no longer exists. Beneath the casing head the well is plugged to surface and has no potential to adversely effect surface or sub-surface resources. The wellhead stands about eight feet high. Aplumb-bob was dropped and hit solid at 8 feet and stuck. It was subsequently lost. An old, stripped snowmachine sitting next to the wellhead is the only sizable object that would be considered solid waste. Overall, there is no risk associated with this well. Inigok #1 Inigok #1 was drilled in 1979 to a depth of 20,102 feet and cased to 17,432 feet. The well objective was to test astructural/stratigraphic trap within the Sadlerochit and Lisburne Groups (Husky Oil NPR Operations for U.S. Geological Survey-Inigok, 1983). Some very poor gas shows were recorded in the Sag River, Nanushuk, and Endicott Group. Poor oil shows were reported for the Kingak Shale and Lisburne Group. The best shows were found in the base of the Torok Formation at 8,852 feet. No oil or gas was recovered during multiple production tests. The wellhead consists of three spools, each with a gate valve, a master valve, and a needle valve. Ten cement plugs were set in the well and it is plugged to surface. The well is located within the Northeast planning area (see Map 2) on a recently leased tract that received a high bid of $20.34 per acre during the lease sale of 2002. Total E&P Incorporated drilled an exploratory well IS miles north of Inigok #1 and used the gravel 49 i pad and airstrip near the well for staging areas and a camp. It would be fairly simple to remove the wellhead but the well has no potential to adversely affect surface or sub-surface resources. Additionally, the well poses no threat to adversely affect future development. Inigok #1 is one of the few logistical centers within NPR-A (Figure 41). The airstrip and pad • are maintained with no solid wastes present. The wellhead poses no risk, and with the plugs already in place, could be removed. Additionally, this well has ayear-round airstrip and serves as a logistical base to various NPR-A activities. USGS Monitored Wells The USGS has used wells drilled in the NPR-A for collecting temperature data to better understand both the global temperature pattern and its effects on the permafrost. The wells that are currently used are properly plugged above the hydrocarbon bearing zones and into the well casing. The wells are filled with diesel fuel down to the shallowest plug at depths ranging from 1,500 - 3,000 feet. For a list of wells see Appendix B. The program began in 1958 and will continue for the foreseeable future. After this project ends, the wells will have the diesel extracted and the well will be properly plugged to surface. Diesel is anon-corrosive agent, and even if the casing should corrode there would be no impact to the surface resources and minimal impact on the sub-surface resources as there are no known fresh water aquifers in NPR-A. The following wells are monitor wells with surficial issues. It is difficult to establish a rank since the wells are sufficiently plugged. The cleanup priority is difficult to determine as the primary tlu•eat lies with wells having downhole issues. However, political concerns could influence the timing in which the surface issues are dealt. East Teshekpuk #1 East Teshekpuk #1 was spudded in March 1976. The well was drilled to a depth of 10,664 feet. It is an active USGS monitor well that was properly plugged. The top of the shallowest plug is located at 2,400 feet. From that point to the surface, the hole is filled with diesel fuel. With the well properly plugged and diesel fuel being anon-corrosive agent, there is no downhole issue with the well at this time but there are solid wastes buried on site that may warrant removal. 50 Figure 41: Aerial view of Inigok #1. The drill pad and reserve pit are visible in the top of photograph. A road leads from the apron of the airstrip to the drilling pad. ! • East Teshekpuk #1 was drilled on a small peninsula on the southeast side of Teshekpuk Lake. The southern shore of the peninsula is protected from the prevailing northerly winds, however the north shore doesn't have the luxury of a barrier and is subject to erosion. Unfortunately, solid wastes from the camp and drilling operation were buried on the northern portion of the pad, possibly in the old reserve pit. The northern shore has been battered by numerous storms which have eroded the shoreline and exposed the solid wastes. The wastes are unsightly and potentially hazardous. While the nearest village of Nuigsut is 52 miles to the southeast, Teshekpuk Lake is rich in subsistence resources and numerous sununer cabins dot the lake's shoreline. It is possible that at the time of surficial restoration, the downhole could be pumped free of diesel and plugged to the surface. Awuna #1 Awuna #1 was spudded February 1980 and completed April 1981. It is the only well drilled in the southwest portion of NPR-A and is 90 miles south-southwest of Atqasuk. Awuna is the most remote well in the entire petroleum reserve. The well was drilled to a total depth of 11,200 feet. Drilling was conducted over two consecutive winters. Ice roads and an ice airstrip were constructed for logistical support. The project cost approximately $6 million (Husky Oil NPR Operations-Awuna, pg 5). Due to the orientation of the pad, the prevailing winds force wave action into the drilling pad, undermining the sands and silts which make up the pad. Below the sands and silts, Styrofoam was used to insulate the underlying permafrost. Wave action has eroded tens of feet into the drilling pad, exposing the Styrofoam, which consequently breaks loose and blows away. Wooden pilings exposed from erosion show how much attrition has taken place. Styrofoam can be seen all around the pad with pieces blown up to 5 miles away. "" - Downhole, the well is in good shape with sufficient plugs. Diesel fuel fills the top 4,000 feet. The well is an USGS monitor well. Wellhead components are in working condition with no problems. The immediate concern with this .site is the blowing Styrofoam, but as the years progress erosion could become a major issue (Figure 42). The loose Styrofoam should be cleaned Figure 42: Awuna wellhead with exposed wooden pilings and up and erosion progress Styrofoam. should be monitored on an annual basis. It is also worth mentioning that the same type of scenario is unfolding at Tunalik #1 (another USGS well). Wave action from the reserve pit is beginning to 51 • • undermine Styrofoam from the drilling pad. Tunalik #1 differs from Awuna #1 in that prevailing wind direction does not force erosion in the direction of the wellhead. Uncased Core Tests There are thirty-nine uncased core test holes. These holes were typically left filled with drilling mud and abandoned without being plugged. Drilling depths ranged between 500 and 1,500 feet depending on the purpose of the test. By nature, core tests were drilled to test soils, permafrost, or lithologic units. They were not drilled for oil or gas exploration purposes and did not encounter hydrocarbons. Many of the cores are stored in the Alaska Geologic Materials Center (Figure 43). The BLM has examined the cores and they are extremely friable. It is likely that these uncased core holes have naturally collapsed and harmlessly blended into the environment. There is no surface indication of their location and BLM has been unsuccessful in locating them during several visits to their reported location. They do not pose any potential risks. Barrow Gas Wells The Barrow Gas Field Act of 1984 (P.L. 98-366, 98 Stat. 468, July 17, 1984) allowed the U.S. Navy to transfer several wells to the North Slope Borough. The Navy drilled six shallow wells between 1953 and 1974 to test the natural gas potential. Between 1974 and 1982, 10 additional wells were drilled to help supplement the local gas supply. The wells were developed for use by the local government agencies and Barrow residents. The act conveyed the sub-surface estate, held by the federal government and any other interest therein, to the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation (ASRC). The BLM acknowledges the surface and sub-surface lands as conveyed and the Office of the Regional Solicitor has confirmed that the Transfer Act included the wells and well locations, and any liabilities associated with these wells are the responsibility of ASRC. 52 test, are stored in the Alaska Geologic Materials Center. • Plugged Wells Square Lake #1 • Square Lake #1 is a Navy well that was drilled to a depth of 3,984 feet. Its primary intent was to test the Cretaceous rocks in east-west trending anticline structure (305H pg 424). No significant shows of oil were found. Gas shows were encountered in various sandstone beds between 1,600 and 1,900 feet, but otherwise the hole was dry. Upon completion, four plugs were reported to be set with the upper plug at 728 feet, well above the gas shows. Two other plugs were reported to be set in the gas zone, spanning depths of 1,640 - 1,840 and 1865 - 1934 feet. In addition to the six plugs, water and mud fill the remaining distance to the surface (Collins and Berquist, 1959). Upon successive visits to the site, BLM field crews dropped aplumb-bob down the hole and hit a solid obstruction between 8 and 10 feet. Don Meares, Northern Field Office, visited the site in August 2003 with an underwater camera and determined the solid surface to be cement. The Square Lake area is clean of debris with a few deadmen pilings (anchors) near the wellhead that could pose a ground hazard. The wellhead is open casing cut off at ground level. Umiat #2 and #5 The Umiat #2 and #5 wells were plugged and abandoned in 2002 by the COE (Figure 44). The wells were drilled on a common four-acre pad in 1947 and 1951. The purpose of the wells was to test for producing lithologies and determine petroleum quantities. Umiat #2 penetrated the Gubik Formation, Nanushuk Group (Chandler and Grandstand Formations), Topagoruk Formation and Oumalik Formation. Problems with the drilling muds were encountered while drilling Umiat #2. Analysts determined that the fresh water drilling fluid caused formation damage and the Umiat #5 well was drilled adjacent to the #2 with acable-tool rig. The well produced 400 barrels per day with the most productive sandstones in the lower Chandler and upper Grandstand. Below a depth of 1075 feet, 107 bai7•els of crude oil from both Umiat and Simpson were used as a chilling fluid, as well as 11 barrels of diesel fuel (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). In 2000, the Colville River threatened to erode both wellsites away. The COE took action under the FUDS program in the winter of 2001-2002 to plug, abandon and remove any surface features. The concrete lined cellar of Umiat #2 and wooden platform Figure 44: Plugging operatio from Umiat #5 were removed. Costs were approximately $25 million dollars due in Approximately 30,000 tons of petroleum-contaminated soil part, to soil remediation. was excavated. The soil was 53 transported on an ice road to the Umiat camp where it was thermally treated in a rotary kiln to remove petroleum residues. Small quantities of PCB contaminants were unexpectedly encountered after the excavation was completed. The source of the PCBs has been linked back to the #5 well and the fluids used downhole. The ever-shifting Colville River continues to erode the north bank and is approximately 50 feet from the old wellbores. With the removal of hazardous soils, this site should not be considered a threat to humans or the environment. Umiat #3 Umiat #3, also known as Umiat Core Test #1, was spudded in December 1946 and drilled to test some of the oil bearing zones encountered while drilling Umiat #1. The well was drilled on the northeast coiner of Umiat Lake just below the hill from Umiat #4 (Figure 45). Umiat #3 penetrated the Gubik Formation and the Nanushuk Group. The Grandstand Formation within the Nanushuk H ~ ~ Ar s>~5i~.~~~ ~ ,', Group is considered to be the ~~ ~ ~ :" ~, primary source of oil between the . ,, ;~ ~. ~ depths of 258 and 514 feet. The `5 L' s- ~ - ~ ~` ``t9~ - ~" ~ -: hole produced 50 barrels per day prior to shutdown. The well was re- tested nine months later with production dropping to 24 barrels per day (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956}. The wellhead consists of homemade components with a single water service type valve and is capped with a needle valve. There is no seeping present at this Figure 45: The view from Umiat #4 looking southwest site, however seeps are common in toward Umiat Lake and Umiat. Umiat #3 is located on the area, including an active seep in the near shore of Umiat Lake. Umiat Lake. An extensive piping system is still visible. The pipes probably supplied water during the drilling phase. They connect Umiat #3 to #4 which then follow the hill from Umiat #4 to aside channel of the Colville. River. Their function was to either carry water to the drilling sites or assist during the well's production phase. The overall surficial conditions including the wellhead and piping, do not pose a tlueat to human health nor the environment. BLM plugged the well in May 2004. Umiat #4 After encountering relatively poor oil shows on the first three wells, operations were suspended until 1950. Cable tool drilling rigs were introduced to determine if the fresh water muds had hindered the oil production in the previous wells (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). Cable tool wells did not require the excavation of a cellar; therefore Umiat wells #4-#7 did not have cellars. Umiat #4 is located on top of the hill to the northeast of Umiat #3 (Figures 45, 46). The well was drilled May 1950 to a maximum depth of 840 feet. The hole bored through the Ninuluk, Chandler and Grandstand Formations. Oil was found in the upper and lower 54 sandstone of the Grandstand Formation. Drilling encountered good oil shows around 300 feet with a total 500 barrels produced (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The wellhead consists of 11 3/-inch casing protruding 36 inches above the ground surface. The casing is capped with a steel plate. Upon removal of the cover, the hole was open to the environment. No valves or gauges are present. The well was plugged by the BLM on May 9, 2004. The well poses no risk to humans or the environment. Umiat #8 Like the other wells drilled in the 1950s, Umiat #8 was drilled using cable tools. The well was spudded May 1951 and completed August 1951. It is located on top of a ridge that separates Umiat from the Bear Paw Creek valley. Drilling intention was to determine the quality and quantity of hydrocarbons in the Grandstand formation near the crest of the anticline structure. The hole encountered the Seabee, Ninuluk, Chandler, and Grandstand Forniations. The Grandstand Formation produced approximately 60-100 barrels per day of oil and more than 6 million cubic feet per day of gas. The well was shut in with a gas pressure of 275 pounds per square inch. The gas was analyzed by the Bureau of Mines and determined to be 97.3 per cent methane. Brine was mixed (35 lbs of salt per barrel of water) and used in the drilling fluid to prevent freeze up. Brine solution of approximately the same ratio of salt per barrel of water was used to kill the well and set the plug while cementing casing. A total of 21,695 pounds of salt were used in the well (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). The well was plugged May 2, 2004. Prior to plugging, the well was nicknamed the "Whistling Well" due to the gas of which was escaping through fittings and valves in the wellhead. The wellhead is easily the most complex of the 11 Umiat test wells. It consists of five valves and multiple gauges. It has several homemade components and reaches a total height of ten feet. After reporting the seeping gas in 1996, two new valves and gauges were installed in 1997. The new gauges have been checked regularly since 1998 and have consistently read 250 psi. Despite replacing the two valves and gauges, gas continued to leak from the wellhead. The largest of the leaks occurred just above the top flange where a 4-inch nipple and collar are welded together. Other leaking occurred at the fittings of some of the gauges. The wellhead is sited on a gravel pad. A series of piping extends from the wellhead to a small stock tank about 100 feet to the south. The tank probably was used as a holding tank for the oil while testing the production potential of the hole. The same style of stock tank is present in various old photographs found in the Umiat area and may be the same 55 Figure 46: Umiat #4 prior to plugging. The wellhead is located in the center of the photograph. • tank. Oil from inside the tank was sampled in 2004 with test results positively identifying PCB contamination which is slightly below the level of concern. Umiat #10 Uiniat #10 was spudded September 1951 and completed January 1952. This well was drilled to test the Unuat anticline and is located about a half mile northwest of Umiat #8. Total depth of the well is about 1,573 feet. When the well was bailed, it produced 222 barrels of oil in a 24-hour time span. The most productive layers occurred at 980 feet and 1,095 feet, penetrating both the Ninuluk and Grandstand Formation (Robinson and Bergquist, 1956). Also encountered were the Seabee and Chandler Formations. The hole was somewhat problematic as it caved considerably during drilling. Operations consisted of a drill rig set on a foundation of 12" x 12" timbers with a thin layer of gravel in between. Twenty-five pounds of salt mixed downhole to help lubricate the drill bit above the 650-foot marker (from the surface). More Aquagel-brine mud was used down to about 1,000 feet to keep the hole from caving. The wellhead contains two valves; a master and a gate, both are closed. The total height of Umiat # 10 is approximately 10 feet. The 8 5/8-inch casing is flared and open at the top. This well was plugged May 6, 2004 (Figure 47). with Aquagel and water (per barrel) were used The surface near Umiat #10 is in good shape. There is no existing pad and no solid wastes. With the recent plugging of the well, it is not a risk to human health and safety or the environment. 56 Figure 47: Plugging operations at Umiat #10. May 2004. C~ APPENDIX B 20 Wells Currently Monitored by the United States Geological Survey: NAME Atigaru Awuna* Drew Point East Simpson #1 East Teshekpuk West Fish Creek #1 Ikpikpuk Kugura Koluktak* Kuyanak Lisburne North Inigok North Kalikpik Peard Bay Seabee* South Meade South Harrison Bay Tunalik* Tulageak West Dease HOLE DEPTH(meters) 648 884 640 600 727 735 615 582 227 856 532 625 660 591 393 549 399 556 756 823 *Are also part of the CALM network (Circumpolar Active-Layer Monitoring). 57 • recognized as rough estimates. Costs can increase significantly if the downhole well conditions pose difficulties that are not apparent from the surface (e.g. collapsed casing, junk in hole, lost circulation). The cost estimates also do not represent the costs associated with removing barrels, piping, pilings, and other remnants of the legacy well exploration activity. These "solid wastes" pose no identified risk to surface resources other than being an unsightly reminder of the early exploration and the potential costs to remove these items have not been evaluated in any detail. Seven legacy wells have been plugged to date. One well is Square Lake #1 where several downhole plugs are documented up to a depth of 700 feet. No surface plug was documented but field investigations by BLM personnel revealed the existence of a cement surface plug. Based on professional judgment, this well is considered plugged. Two were plugged in Umiat by the COE at a cost of $4.l million in 2002. Umiat #2 and #5 had down-hole problems that could not be predicted or identified until the well. plugging work commenced. The COE actually spent closer to $25 million after including the cost of soil remediation. With no down-hole problems and simplified plugging procedures; the BLM plugged the other four at a total cost of $1.4 million in 2004. Umiat has several unique conditions that contributed to keeping the costs to plug the wells relatively low including the maintained airstrip, fuel supply and camp facilities. These facilities greatly facilitated moving equipment to the wellsites and conducting the subsequent work but are not found at the other legacy wellsites. Another factor that makes plugging wells simpler at Umiat is the shallow depth of the wells. With the remaining legacy wells situated in more remote locations of NPR-A and some of the wells being significantly deeper, the costs to plug them will be much greater than at Umiat. Fuel, camp facilities, and equipment will have to be brought to the sites overland by Cat-Train. The average cost to plug the Umiat wells has thus far been $920,000, although the BLM was able to plug four of them for an average cost of $350,000. The average cost to plug the remaining wells in the more remote locations of NPR-A outside of Umiat is expected to exceed $1,000,000 each. Below is an example of the cost estimate to plug a Simpson Peninsula well. The example also illustrates how wells in the same area can be plugged for a reduced incremental cost; Cost to plug Simpson Core #26 Incremental Well 7 Total Wells Mobilization $500,000 $40,000 $740,000 Demobilization $250,000 $25,000 $400,000 Equipment $750,000 $125,000 $1,500,000 Labor $150,000 $83,300 $650,000 Lodging $75,000 $42,500 $330,000 Materials $750,000 $66,700 $1,150,000 Disposal $30,700 $30,700 $215,000 Sampling $3,000 $3,000 $21,000 Total $2,508,700 $416,200 $5,006,000 C.~ii~ F.: ~'jc`I~' ' ~~ ~~ 11 • • Cape Simpson Well Pluggings - 2006 Operations Summary BLM initiated well plugging operations in the Cape Simpson area on April 11, 2004 under contract to Cruz Construction with the assistance of a drilling crew from the USGS in Denver, CO. The following legacy wells were plugged before the cessation of operations on April 22, 2004: • Simpson Core Test #2'~ • Simpson Core Test #goA • Sim son Core Test #26 • Simpson Core est #3i • Simpson Core Test #go Plugging operations were conducted to prevent several wells capable of flowing oil from potentially leaking. At the completion of operations, the well heads were preserved due to their potential historical significance. The wells were drilled within naturally occurring oil seeps during the U.S. Navy's exploration efforts in the late 1940's and 50's in the formerly named Naval Petroleum Reserve - 4. The Simpson Core Test wells are located on the Simpson Peninsula approximately 155 miles northwest of Prudhoe Bay. ~~-~~~° ~ MAri 1 $ 2010 • Figure 1 -Map of Simpson Core Test well locations ~, • ,~ ~t, . e ~n.~ ~ .. .:- s' ;:. p[~ ~ t =M< ~ rna'L a~~~_ t• r '.°,~ ;_ ~ ~ ~~ -~ t ; ~ ~~ . §:~ i', as rt ~~~~ Figure 2 -Simpson Core Test Wells #27 (left) and #30A (right). - . -- 5 ~ $`~ ~-_- _. Figure 3 -Simpson Core Test Wells #26 (upper left), #31 (upper right), and #30 (center). • . , ` ,,,, ~;, ~, .. ~- .~ ,~ _~ Figure 4 -Sleigh Camp used for Cape Simpson operations April 16, 2006 Figure 5 -Well plugging equipment mounted on Challenger Trailers • -Q~~ r Figure 7 -Operations at Simpson #30A Figure 9 -Operations at Simpson #31 • • ~„u; z.~, E #,, .~ Figure 1 t -Drilling operations conducted by the USGS drilling crew on Simpson #3U ~s ~. Figure 10 -Operations at Simpson #30 • 2006 Well Plugging Simpson Core Test #27 Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig ' Simpson Core #27 S ud: February 8, 1951 Meridian Township Range Section Barrow - ~ =q '~ ~, ~ Simpson Core Tests Umiat 18N 11 W 11 53 mi . GL: 24' A MSL KB: 29' AMSL Atqasuk _.-~--~~ Pluaaed Schematic -April 2006 70° 55.893' N - 154° 41.649' W 71 mi vnyuiai r~no - u.v r+uuve ~~ ZO gal ' ~ " , "~ Follow-up Water 12 112" Hole Surface Plug to 15' KB 103 feet thick ' - 2 4 sx of Arctic Set Lite 100 gal Fresh Water Spacer 6 118" Hole 5 718" Hole laso• TD = 1500' PBTD = 1500' Max production = 3 bbl/day ~ ~~~~~ ~~~ Casing and Tubing Detail ~ ~~ Size Wei ht T e Grade ID To Btm 8 5/8" 24 Conductor --- 8.097 0 102 ,..,,,, Drilling Fluids ! Base Depths Weight Additives Water 0-115 -- Steam in mud tanks Oil 115-380 8.7-10.3 10 bbl Simpson oil, 5 bbl diesel Oil 380-641 -- Oil continued to be used as drilling mud (1 Oil 641-961 -- Oil displaced with water based drilling mud Water 96t-1320 9.1-9.5 --- 4 Oil 1320-1385 -- Aquagel, then 73 bbl Simpson oil and 23 bbl diesel i Oil 1385-1500 -- Oil replaced by mud gradually, but some oil remamed ' Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary No sample --- Seabee Upper Cretaceous 102-146 --- Unconfortniry -- t46 --- Ninuluk/Seabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 146-450 Oil Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 450-1500 -- Base of Permafrost -- - --- -a..~.~qa Fish Item Date De th /Filllnforma Comment tion A 3/t4/51 ? Rotary Dulling Mud left in hole (c;' '-a~ c-. j Pr De th S f oducing Zo Oil Rate ne Test e 0-380 Open Hole 3 bbl/d Bailing test over 24 hrs Oil-based Mud Oil show Oil produced ;?~ Gas show -- Gas produced Fluoresence-Cut CaCh Ca/ciumChloride Water Portland Class A cement Simpson Oil Simpson Core #26 Crude ,` CeMCnt 5/30/2006 • • 2006 Well Plugging Simpson Core Test #30A Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig Simpson Core #30A S ud: January 23, 1951 Meridian Township Range Section Barrow _ Simpson Core Tests Umiat 18N 11 W 11 54 mi ~ + GL: 20' A MSL KB: 25' AM SL Atgasuk :' Pluaaed Schematic -April 2006 ° ' N 154° 42 29 1' W 71 mi ~.. . - 55.588 70 vngurai r~no - a.v r.uvvc v~ 20 gal . Follow-up Water 12114" Hole ,. Surface Plug 105 feet thick - - '~ 24 sx of Arctic Set l.ite 6 118" Hole 5 7I6" Hole Max production = 5 bbl/day Size ~ Wei ht ~~Casing T e and TubingDetail ~~~~ ~r Grade ID To Btm S SIB" 28 Conductor --- 8 O1 T' 0 100 D ~.~ , „ . rilling Fluids Base Depths Weight Additives Water 0-423 8.8-10.4 Salt, Baroid, Heated Water t ? Y Y#9.uWVV/en. 423-701 &6-1 t0 Salt, Baroid t wwlnxrA Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 5-85 --- Seabee Upper Cretaceous 85-143 --- Unconformity --- 143 --- Ninuluk/SeabeeUndiff Upper Cretaceous 143-445 OillGas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 445-693 --- Base of Permafrost --- - --- Drilling Mud ~ Oil show ~ Oil produced Gas show -~>;- Gas produced Q Fluoresence-Cut CaCh Calcium Chloride Portland Class A cement SI30/2006 2006 Well Plugging Simpson Core Test #26 Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig s Simpson Core #26 S ud: August 13, 1950 Meridian Township Range Section Barrow ~, ~ _ - a" ~ : ~ Simpson Core Tests Umiat 18N 11 W 11 54 mi .~ GL 20' A MSL KB: 23' AM SL Atqasuk ,; , • Pluoaed Schematic - Aonl 2006 ° ' ° 4 68 4' W 71 mi ~~,, ~ N - 154 2. 55.919 70 10 518" Hole Original RKB = 3.0' Above GL t Casing and Tubing Detail A Size Wei ht T e Grade ID To Btm - 8 5/8" 29 Conductor --- 7.993' 0 350 21/2" 6.5 Tubing --- 2.102" 0 210 :? 7 518" Hole 6118" Hole ~~ ~~ 550' - ~:e~: Wellbore on vaccum 50 gal Follow-up Water 36 sx of Arctic Set Lite Downhole Plug 158 feet thick 50 gal Fresh Water Spacer Base Depths Weigh[ Aaaitives Water 0-360 9.1-12.7 Aquagel, Baroid, Na,O,PZ Water 306860 8.33-12.0 Used water, then switch to 12 ppg mud i Water 86095 8.33-14.4 Used water, then switch to 14.4 ppg Water 895-913 8.6-10.4 Aquagel for drilling, Baroid to kill well ~ t Water 913-1171 9.2-10.6 --- Water 1171 8.33-9.0 Reaming ops used fresh and salt water Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 03-87 -- Seabee Upper Cretaceous --- --- Unconfortnity --- 87 --- NinuluklSeabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 87-420 Oil/Gas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 420-1171 -- Base of Permafrost --- -- - TD = 1171' PBTD = 1171' Max production = 176 bbl/day FormPress = 250 psig FlowingPress = 155 psig FormTemp = 14°F "-"~~~ Fis Item Date De th h/Filllnformation Comment A 10/23150 ? Well fluids (Oil/Gas) g ? Salt water used to replace mud from 350' - 650' C 650 Rotary Drilling Mud left in hole p ? Bit, Collar, DP and wall hook left in hole ' P roducing Zone De th S f Oil Rate Gas Rate Grav Tem 289-325 4 spf 110 bbf/d 3 MCFiD 20° 21 °F Drilling Mud Crude Oil & Gas Brine ~ Oil show # Oil produced s;~ Gas show Gas produced Fluoresence-Cut Na,PZO, Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal Gypsum cement ~ w~re~ 5/30/2006 2006 Well Plugging Simpson Core Test #31 • Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig Simpson Core #31 S ud: March 20, 1951 Meridian Township Range Section Barrow ~ _ _ :~ ;~. i ~ Simpson Core Tests Umiat 19N 11 W 36 55 mi - ~ , GL 14' A MSL KB: 19' AM SL Atqasuk Plugged Schematic - Aoril 2006 ° ' 39 ° 7' W 73 mi N - 154 59. 50.302 70 vnymai rtno = a.u MUVVC VL 12 1/4" Hole 6 1/8" Hole 5 718" Hole A~ .; 185' 2b gal Follow-up Water Surtace Plug 105Teetthick 24 s: of Arctic Set Lite 25 gal Fresh Water Spacer TD = 355' PBTD = 355' Max production =125 bblJday Shut-in wellhead = 60 psig Testing time = 65 hours Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 5-110 --- Seabee Upper Cretaceous 110-186 --- Unconformity --- 186 -- Ninuluk/Seabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 186-355 OillGas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous - --- Base of Permafrost --- --- --- ~~ ~~'~ ~~ Fish /Fill Inform ation Item Date De th Comment A 4/2/51 ? Rotary Dulling Mud left in Hole Pr De th S f oducing Zo Oil Rate ne Gas Rate Grav Tem 355 Open Hole 125 bblld 4 MCF/D 21 ° -- Drilling Mud Oil show ~ Oil produced ~ Gas show Gas produced Fluoresence-Cut Na4PZ0, Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal Gypsum cement 5/3012006 ^~~ • 2006 Well Plugging 12 sz of Arctic see Size Wei ht Casing and Tubing T e Grade Detail ID To Btm Llte 8 518" 26 Conductor --- 8.017" 0 152 SuAace Plug toTKB 52 feet thick Drilling Fluids Base Depths Weight Additives 6314" drill bk g Water 0-283 9.2-9.9 -- 50' 2112" rods '4 Water 283-303 9.5-9.6 --- Water 303-429 8.7-9.2 -- } Water 429b30 9.0-9.1 Mud heated Junk in hole? Water 630693 9.0-9.2 Mud heated ti or Bad casing? ~ Water - 693 8.7-9.0 Mud heated { 6 69 112' KB ; ..., _, .., „a,», m - r.r, ~..~~,~.. tianm4 Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig Simpson Core #30 S ud: November 30, 1950 Meridian Township Range Section Barrow 3 _ .= ~~ Simpson Core Tests Umiat 18N 11W 11 54 mi . ~.~.,.~+-.~~" ~ GL 20' A MSL KB: 25' AM SL Atqasuk Pluaaed Schematic - Aoril 2006 70° 55.571' N - 154° 42.320' W 71 mi vnginai rcno = ~.u hcrvve ~a~ 12114" Hole 6 118" Hole 5 718" Hole TD = 693' PBTD = 693' Max production = 6 bbl/day Simpson Core Test #30 Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 5-85 --- Seabee Upper Cretaceous 85-143 --- Unconformiry -- 143 --- Ninuluk/Seabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 14345 OiI/Gas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 445-693 Oil Base of Permafrost --- --- -- .~_,..w..~__ Fish /Filllnformation Item Date De th Comment A 1/23/51 69.5 Rotary Drilling Mud left in hole B 388' Core barrel and DP Pr De th S f oducing Zone Oil Rate Test e 0-350 Open Hole 6 bbl/d Bailing test over 4S hrs Drilling Mud Oil show #i Oil produced -~° Gas show -- Gas produced €F~ Fluoresence-Cut Cal-Seal Gypsum cement Cement 5/3012006 FRANK H. MURKOWSKI, GOVERNOR 333 W. T" AVENUE, SUITE 100 ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501-3539 PHONE (907) 279-1433 __.. _-.. FAX.- (907) 27&7542 September 8, 2006 Henri R. Bisson State Director Bureau of Land Management 222 West 7th Avenue, # 13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 r ~~~~E~ oj~~ ~ ~ ~~~ Re: Recent Work at NPRA Simpson Wells and Prior Umiat ~'Vork Dear Mr. Bisson: The Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission ("Commission") recently received Reports of Sundry Well Operations (Form 10-444} for work conducted on five Simpson wells in NPRA. These reports document work conducted in mid to late April of this year. Our review has identified two concerns with the submitted documents. These new concerns are in addition to other lingering matters from similar work conducted at Umiat in 2002 and 2004. Since these latter issues have remained unresolved despite multiple requests to BLM staff members, the Commission would like to bring all the issues to vour attention. 1. 20 AAC 25.280(d) requires the operator to file a Report of Sundry Well Operations 30 days after completion of workover operations. While the work was completed on these wells in late April, these reports were not submitted to the Commission until August 16. 2. It appears from these five Simpson well Reports that the work actually performed on the wells is substantively different from the work plan that was originally described in the Application for Sundry Approvals (Form 10-403) submitted for each well and approved by the Commission. A change to an approved program or activity may not be undertaken without Commission approval. If operational necessity requires prompt action, oral approval of a change may be obtained from the Commission. The Commission has staff available to address regulatory variances 24 hours a day, either by contacting our North Slope inspector at 907- 659-2714 (pager 907-659-3607) or the after hours duty engineer at 907-244-1467. 3. Reports of Sundry Well Operations (Form 10-404) have not been submitted for work done in early May 2004 in Umiat wells 03, 04, 08 and 10, although description of the work was provided to the Commission. Henri R. Bison September 8, 2006 Page 2 of 2 • • 4. Well Completion or Recompletion Report and Log (Form 10-407) have never been filed for the plugging and abandonment work done on Umiat wells 02 and OS by the Corp of Engineers in March 2002. Again, work descriptions from your onsite Inspector were received but not Forms 10-407. I know you agree that compliance with applicable Federal and State oil and gas regulations is of critical importance to all of us here in Alaska. Your assistance in helping ensure regulatory compliance and in prov i these documents so that the AOGCC's well files can be brought up to date wil e ap reciated. RECEIVED STATE OF ALASKA M ALAS OIL AN D GAS CONSERVATION COM ON AUG 1 6 2006 REPORT OF SUNDRY WELL OPERATIONS Alaska Oil & Gas Cons. Conunissi 1. Operations Abandon ~ Repair Well Plug Perforations Stimulate Other nchoraee Performed: Alter Casing ^ Pull Tubing ^ Perforate New Pool ^ Waiver^ Time Extension ^ Change Approved Program ^ Operat. Shutdown ^ Perforate ^ Re-enter Suspended Well ^ 2. Operator Bureau of Land Management 4. Current Well Class: 5. Permit to Drill Number: Name: Development ^ Exploratory0 100-186 3. Address: 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, AK Stratigraphic ^ Service ^ 6. API Number: 50-279-10024-00 ' 7. KB Elevation (ft): 9. Well Name and Number: 23' RKB 20' GL Simpson Core Test Well #26 ' 8. Property Designation: 10. Field/Pool(s): AA-085547 758100 11. Present Well Condition Summary: Total Depth measured 1171 feet Plugs (measured) Unknown true vertical 1171 feet Junk (measured) Unknown Effective Depth measured 1171 feet true vertical 1171 feet Casing Length Size MD TVD .Burst Collapse Structural Conductor 350 8 5/8" 350 350 Surface ,, / `Y ~ SuY~4 Ge Intermediate Production . ~ ~ltd~ bl•L ,, r Li ' ne Perforation depth: Measured depth: 289-325 GATE VERIF 0 True Vertical depth: 289-325 Tubing: (size, grade, and measured depth) 2 1/2" N/A 210 Packers and SSSV (type and measured depth) N/A 12. Stimulation or cement squeeze summary: Intervals treated (measured): pumped down tubing tail at 210' into casing and open hole below Treatment descriptions including volumes used and final pressure: pumped 50 gal water ahead of 9.8 bbls of Arctic Set Lite cement followed by 50 gal water 13. Representative Daily Average Production or Injection Data Oil-Bbl Gas-Mcf Water-Bbl Casing Pressure Tubing Pressure Prior to well operation: Subsequent to operation: 14. Attachments: Copies of Logs and Surveys Run Daily Report of Well Operations 17. I hereby certify that Contact Stan Porhola No Exploratory Q Yes 16. Well Status after pro Oil ^~ Gas ^ is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. Printed Name Stan Porhola Signature ~~ a Form 10-404 Revised 04/2004 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 Development ^ Service ^ 'd work: WAG ^ GINJ ^ WINJ ^ WDSPL ^ Sundry Number or N/A if C.O. Exempt: .~ !GD ~IyU 9/// /QI Title Petroleum Engineer Phone 907-267-1469 Date ~j'~y~ lib ~ Submital~Only ~ • • 2006 Well Plugging Simpson Core Test #26 Current Wellbore Diagram Sim son Core #26 Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig ~~ p S ud: August 13, 1950 Sim son Core Tests Meridian Township Range Section Barrow _ _.~~~;~~ - p Umiat 18N 11 W 11 54 mi ~~~ 4:~n! ~nnr Plugged Schema+ic - GL: 20' A MSL KB: 23' AMSL Atgasuk , 10 5/8" Hole Wellbore on vaccum 50 gal Follow-up Water 36 sx of Arctic Set Lite Downhole Plug 158 feet thick 50 gal Fresh Water Spacer TD = 1171' PBTD = 1171' ' Max production = 176 bbl/day FormPress = 250 psig FlowingPress = 155 psig FormTemp =14°F Size Wei ht Casing T e and Tubing Detail Grade ID To Btm 8 5/8" 29 Conductor --- 7.993' 0 350 21/2" 6.5 Tubing --- 2.102" 0 210 Base Depths Weight Additives Water 0-360 9.1-12.7 Aquagel, Baroid, Na40rP2 Water 306-860 8.33-12.0 Used water, then switch to 12 ppg mud Water 860-895 8.33-14.4 Used water, then switch to 14.4 ppg Water 895-913 8.6-10.4 Aquagel for drilling, earoid to kill well Water 913-1171 9.2-10.6 --- Water 1171 8.33-9.0 Reaming ops used fresh and salt water Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 03-87 --- Seabee Upper Cretaceous --- --- Unconformity --- 87 --- Ninuluk/Seabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 87-420 Oil/Gas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 420-1171 --- Base of Permafrost --- -- --- Fish/Fil I Information Item Date De th Comment A 10/23/50 ? Well fluids (Oil/Gas) B ? Salt water used to replace mud from 350' - 650' C 650 Rotary Drilling Mud left in hole D ? Bit, Collar, DP and wall hook left in hole P roducing Zone De th S f Oil Rate Gas Rate Grav Tem 289-325 4 spf 110 bbl/d 3 MCF/0 20° 21 °F Drilling Mud Crude Oil & Gas ~~~.. r.::.~:~:::~~:::.~•:~:~ Brine O Oil show • Oil produced ~ Gas show Gas produced ® Fluoresence-Cut Na,PZO, Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal Gypsum cement ~ w~ror 5/26/2006 yr iymai nno = o.u r+vvve u~ • • Cape Simpson Summary Simpson Core Test #27 Operations began April 14, 2006. The well was capable of flowing crude oil at 34 bbUday with a pressure of 15 psi. The well was plugged with 24 sacks of Arctic grade cement creating a 103' cement plug in the well. The wellhead was returned to its original configuration per the State Historic Preservation Office's (SHPO) request and the site cleaned of all debris on April 17, 2006. Simpson Core Test #30A Operations began April 17, 2006. The well was capable of flowing crude oil at a pressure of 65 psi. The well was plugged with 24 sacks of Arctic grade cement creating a 105' cement plug in the well. The wellhead was returned to its original configuration per the State Historic Preservation Office's (SHPO) request and the site cleaned of all debris on April 18, 2006. Gas bubbling up around the base of the casing began to subside while the cement was being pumped into the well. The site was visited over the next several days with no further gas bubbling around the casing. Simpson Core Test #26 ~ 1\ P`~ S ~«c Svr~CC o ~~y' ~~S/ ~ r1 Operations began April 19, 2006. The well was capable of flowing crude oil at a pressure of 40 psi. The well was plugged with 36 sacks of Arctic grade cement creating a 158' ~ cement plug in the well. The wellhead was returned to its original configuration per the State Historic Preservation Office's (SHPO) request and the site cleaned of all debris on April 20, 2006. v S~ ~'- 3,'S X Cc~.`cv`G.~~ e-c~-~~~`~' `lc~~ v v-~~ Simpson Core Test #31 Operations began Apri120, 2006. The well was capable of flowing crude oil at a pressure of 70 psi. The well was plugged with 24 sacks of Arctic grade cement creating a 105' cement plug in the well. The wellhead was returned to its original configuration per the State Historic Preservation Office's (SHPO) request and the site cleaned of all debris on Apri120, 2006. Simpson Core Test #30 Operations began April 18, 2006, but were suspended until Apri120, 2006 following the discovery of an ice plug in the well. The well was incapable of flowing crude oil because of the ice plug. Drilling of the ice plug and frozen drilling muds was done down to 69.5' before the drillstring became stuck.The well was plugged with 12 sacks of Arctic grade cement creating a 52' cement plug in the well, with the drillstring left in the hole. The wellhead was returned to its original configuration per the State Historic Preservation Office's (SHPO) request and the site cleaned of all debris on Apri122, 2006. • Daily Loy -Simpson Core Test #26 4-19-06 (Wednesday, Apri119ch~ Start @ 0515: Wakeup Call @ 0600: Greg/Elaine Ops @ 0630: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0700: Tucker to Simpson Core #30 Ops @ 0800: Open well, no pressure Ops @ 0815: Pump cold water, peg meter (1000 psi) Ops @ 0830: Bleed off pressure/water into mushroom tank Tarp well, place heat on well Ops @ 1000: Check well, pressure at 25 psi, bled just air Call @ 1100: Greg Break @ 1200: Lunch Ops @ 1330: Down to Simpson Core #30 Ops @ 1338: No pressure on well, valve left open, water in well w/ ice Ops @ 1400: Back to BLM camp Ops @ 1500: Check out pad size at Simpson Core #26 Ops @ 1515: Cleanup Simpson Core #30 site Ops @ 1530: Move trailers to Simpson Core #26 Ops @ 1630: Back to BLM camp Break @ 1800: Dinner Ops @ 1930: Check on heat on Simpson Core #26 Open well, pressure at 40 psi, vent gas Ops @ 2025: Back to BLM camp 4-20-06 (Thursday, April 20tn~ Start @ 0600: Wakeup Ops @ 0615: Tarp well, fuel up vehicles, back to BLM camp Ops @ 0700: Morning safety meeting Ops @ 0800: Pick up Darla Pindell from Ice road Call @ 0830: Jeff Miller, Elaine, Greg Ops @ 0900: Head out to Simpson Core #26 Ops @ 0915: Begin pumping operations @ 80 psi Ops @ 0945: Completed pumping operations on Simpson Core Test #26 50 gal water + 36 sx cement + 50 gal water Ops @ 1005: 50 gal cement rinseate to disposal Ops @ 1055: Back to BLM camp Ops @ 1115: Move trailers to Simpson Core #31 Ops @ 1215: Back to BLM camp Call @ 1245: Elaine Call @ 1355: Greg Ops @ 1400: Head out w/ Tucker to Ice road to meet w/ Tim Ops @ 1415: Drop off USGS at Simpson Core #31 • Ops @ 1430: Pickup extra cement sack and BLM staff Ops @ 1500: Back to Simpson Core #31, well pressure of 70 psi Ops @ 1535: Begin pumping operations @ 450 psi Ops @ 1600: Completed pumping operations on Simpson Core Test #31 25 gal water + 24 sx cement + 25 gal water Ops @ 1635: BLM staff in Tucker back to BLM camp Ops @ 1730: USGS staff back to BLM camp Ops @ 1735: Darla/Rob B. heading back to Ice road Ops @ 1800: Park Tucker at BLM camp Break @ 1815: Dinner Call @ 1845: Jeff Eman Photo 1 of 2 ~_ _ ~ r_ r - tom. ;,,, ., .~ . ,... .f - - , .I ~ ~ ._ 'A, .....~ rr °' •- ,/ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~; ,. ~'.f`. r _ l +P° `~ ~`" a' r ,.• ,. r ,; `• . . ~ , +. y r. '~~Ir*~1 w R p, ~~ .. .. °,J° ~,. ,, _ . . ~~ Simpson Core Test #26 April 20, 2006 Pre-well plugging operations r ,~, ,~ , ~~ ~~ ~ ~'; • Photo 2 of 2 Simpson Core Test #26 April 20, 2006 Post-well plugging operations I~,~,~~ STATE OF ALAS ~' AL~.A OIL AND GAS CONSERVATION COM10 -~',3, ~~ APPLICATION FOR SUNDRY APPR®VALS ~~.~~~~, `~ ~ ~ ''~~~~~ 20 AAC 25.280 1. Type of Request: Abandon ~ Suspend Operational shutdown Perforate 8S 8 aides ' ~ V u~j~° ~~"' t Alter casing ^ Repair well ^ Plug Perforations ^ Stimulate ^ Time Extensior,A®hOf8g8 Change approved program ^ Pull Tubing ^ Perforate New Pool ^ Re-enter Suspended Well ^ 2. Operator Name: 4. Current Well Class: 5. Permit to Drill Number: Bureau of Land Management Development ^ Exploratory ^~ 100-186 ' 3. Address: Stratigraphic ^ Service ^ 6. API Number: 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, Alaska 99507 50-279-10024-00 7. KB Elevation (ft): 9. Well Name and Number: 23' RKB 20' GL ~ Simpson Core Test Well #26 8. Property Designation: 10. Field/Pools(s): AA-085547 ' 758100 11. PRESENT WELL CONDITION SUMMARY Total Depth MD (ft): Total Depth TVD (ft): Effective Depth MD (ft): Effective Depth TVD (ft): . Plugs (measured): Junk (measured): 1171' 1171' 1171' 1171' N/A Unknown Depth Casing Length Size MD ND Burst Collapse Structural Conductor 350' 8 5/8" 350' 350' ~ Surface Intermediate Production ' Liner Perforation Depth MD (ft): Perforation Depth TVD (ft): Tubing Size: Tubing Grade: Tubing MD (ft): 289-325' 289-325' 2 1 /2" N/A 210' Packers and SSSV Type: N/A Packers and. SSSV MD (ft): N/A 12. Attachments: Description Summary of Proposal ~ 13. Well Class after proposed work: Detailed Operations Program ^~ BOP Sketch ^~ Exploratory ^~ Development ^ Service ^ 14. Estimated Date for 15. Well Status after proposed work: ~ : ~, ~,, Commencing Operations: 4/3/2006 Oil ^ Gas ^ ~~~~~Plugged ^~ Abandoned ^ 16. Verbal Approval: Date: WAG ^ GINJ ^ i WINJ ^ WDSPL ^ Commission Representative: 17. I hereby certify that the foregoing is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. Contact Stan Porhola Printed Name Stan orhol Title Petroleum Engineer Signature ~~,~ ~ Phone 907-267-1469 Date COMMISSION USE ONLY Conditions of approval: Notify Commission so that a representative may witness Sundry Number: 2 -~+ 1 Plug Integrity ^ BOP Test ^ Mechanical Integrity Test ^ Location Clearance ^ (' i ,~ Other: ~' o ~ i~SS ©~"~ ~ \ `1~~C3 ~~~'.~`~'C~\~C. S \ ~~~C \ .~~-~ Val" CC~J}\S~ V.~l~ Subsequent Form Required: l.-~~ i ~~t~~C-~~~ APPROVED BY J1 'Q~~~/// Approved by: ~ i COMMISSIONER THE COMMISSION Date: '~" R l~~ ~ ~J I ~ ~ ~~~~~ AFL APR `~ ~tUU~ ~ . 3.3,E oG Form 10-403 Revised 07/2005 ~ Submit in Duplicate 3/x,/06 STATE OF ALASKA AL OIL AND GAS CONSERVATION C014SION APPLICATION FOR SUNDRY APPROVAL 20 AAC 25.280 ~. ~:;. ; Mqk ~, ,~, ~, 1. Type of Request: Abandon ~ Dispos. Suspend Operational shutdown Perforate S a ~ An lar Alter casing ^ g Repair well ^ Plug Perforations ^ Stimulate ^ Time Extensiy~~ ~~Cmr~^ y 4~ 8 Change approved program ^ Pull Tubing ^ Perforate New Pool ^ Re-enter Suspended Well ^ 2. Operator Name: 4. Current Well Class: 5. Permit to Drill Number: Bureau of Land Management Development ^ Exploratory Q 100-186 3. Address: Stratigraphic ^ Service ^ 6. API Number: 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, Alaska 99507 50-279-10024-00 7. KB Elevation (ft): 9. Well Name and Number: 23' RKB 20' GL Simpson Core Test Well #26 8. Property Designation: 10. Field/Pools(s): AA-085547 758100 11. PRESENT WELL CONDITION SUMMARY Total Depth MD (ft): Total Depth TVD (ft): Effective Depth MD (ft): Effective Depth ND (ft): lugs (measured): Junk (measured): 1171' 1171' 1171' 1171' N/A N!A Casing Length Size MD D Burst Collapse Structural Conductor 350' 8 5/8" 350' 3 ' Surface Intermediate Production Liner Perforation Depth MD (ft): Perforation Depth TVD (ft): Tubing Si Tubing Grade: Tubing MD (ft): 289-325 289-325 2 1/2" N/A 250 Packers and SSSV Type: N/A Packers and SSSV MD (ft): N/A 12. Attachments: Description Summary of Proposal ~ 13. Well Class after proposed work: Detailed Operations Program ^~ BOP Sketch ~ Exploratory Q Development ^ Service ^ 14. Estimated Date for 15. Well Status after proposed work: Commencing Operations: 3/27!2006 Oil ^ Gas ^ Plugged 0 Abandoned ^ 16. Verbal Approval: Date: WAG ^ GINJ ^ WINJ ^ WDSPL ^ Commission Representative: 17. I hereby certify that the foregoing is true d correct to the best of my knowledge. Contact Stan Porhola Printed Name Stan Po ola Title Petroleum Engineer Signature Phone 907-267-1469 Date 3 ~ C ~ COMMISSION USE ONLY Conditions of approval: Notify mmission so that a representative may witness Sundry Number: .~ Plug Integrity ^ BOP Test ^ Mechanical Integrity Test ^ Location Clearance ^ Other: Subsequent Form Required: BY ORDER OF Approved by: COMMISSIONER THE COMMISSION Date: Form 10-403 Revised 12/2003 INSTRUCTIONS ON REVERSE ;-~ ~ ~ ~ Submit in Duplicate Statement of Work Simpson Core Test #26 1 -Move in and position trailers around well on the ice pad according to the Wellsite Layout as shown in Attachment 8. 2 -Move in and position snow melter, and cat camp as shown in Attachment 8. 3 - Insta112" bleeder valve and pressure gauge (WHC #3). 4 -Apply heat to wellhead to unfreeze valves. 5 -Open 2" brass gate valve and 2 I/2" gate valve. 6 -Record stabilized shut-in pressure. 7 -Using new pressure data calculate and compare kill weight fluid needs with the predetermined value of 13.2 ppg. 8 -Close 2" brass gate valve 2 '/2" gate valve, open WHC #3 and bleed down the pressure. 9 -Remove WHC #3. 10 -Install CO2 housing at base of wellhead and inject liquid CO2 to freeze well fluids. 11 -Open 2" brass gate valve and 2 %" gate valve to see if well is static. 12 - If well is static, proceed to step 13. If well is not static, repeat step 10. 13 -Cut bolts on flange and tubing hanging in well while suspending wellhead. 14 -Install new flange, 8" divertor with flow tee, and hoses to circulation tank. 15 - MU drillstring with 7 7/8" bit on 2 %2" drill steel and RIH (BHA #1). 16 -Work down casing to 150' KB while recirculating well fluids down drillstring. 17 -POOH and prepare to RIH with inflatable packer and control line run on drillstring (BHA #2). ~ 18 - RIH with inflatable packer to 150' KB. At depth, set packer using N2. 19 -Rotate drillstring to separate from packer at adapter and pickup 10' off packer. 20 -Mix 3 bbl water spacer followed by 8.3 bbl Arctic Set Lite (10.7 pg) cement taking returns into circulation tank. ~i 1ees~G ~:. p3b\~5~c~v ~-:~~~•s~c~~5 ~v 21 -POOH with drillstring. Wait on cement (WOC) for 5 hours. RIH to tag plug with 7 7/8" bit on drillstring applying SOO lbs of weight on cement top. Begin rig down. 22 -Remove new WHCs and return wellhead to original configuration. Mobilize to next wellsite. ~a~ h~\~ c~~~~. nEeQ~~. ~.~~ i ~~ ~ 3/23/2006 BL.M 12 ~~~~ Attachment 1 ~j~ IB;,~'i~ ~~~ t~-- 2" brass gate valve tubing wing gate valve ~ 2 112" x 2" swedge 2112" flow-tee 2112" line pipe '~ ~ 2 112" gate valve 2 1/2" line pipe -- _. _-- _-_ 8 5/8" flange casing wing gate value '~ _ __ -~ inpsorn~~l re #2 r _-1. 95/8" coupling Oil seep around surface! / 8 5/8" casing ~~Slheacl / ~h®to~ Overall Height 10 feet ~Ii.~Q! 3/13/2006 ~~ 19: Attachment 2 Simpson Core hest #26 Current Wellbore Diagram RI ~ Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig ~ Simpson Core #26 S ud: August 13, 1950 _ Meridian Township Range Section Barrow - ra.. Simpson Core Tests Umiat 18N 11W 11 54 mi GL 20' A MSL KB: 23' AM SL Atqasuk Current Wellbore Schematic 70° 55.919' N - 154° 42.684' W 71 mi vngmat tcno = o.u rwove u~ 10 7 5/8" Hole 6 1/8" Hole 11Aax production = 176 bbllday FormPress =250-psig FlowingPress = 155 psig FormTemp = 14°F Casing and Tubing Detail 'op job: Size Wei ht T Grade ID To Btm of CalSeal, 85/8" 29 Conductor - 7.993' 0 350 of cement 2 1/2" 6.5 Tubing -- 2.102" 0 210 iepth: 170' _ .... _. . , _ III ' Base Depths Weigh Additives l ' Water 0-360 9.1-12.7 Aquagel, Baroid. Na.O,PZ I Water 306-860 8.33-12.0 Usetl water, then switch to 12 ppg mud 10 sx of Water 860-895 8.33-14.4 Used water, then switch to 14.4 ppg ;al-Seal Water 895-913 8.6-10.4 Aquagel for drilling, Baroid to kill well Water 913-1171 9.2-10.6 - Depth: Water 1171 8 33-9.0 Reamng ops used fresh and saltwater 89'325' formation Geology A e De the Shows Gutiik Quaternary 03-87 -- Seabee Upper Cretaceous -- - Unconformity -- 87 -- Nmmuk/Seabee UndiR Upper Cretaceous 87-420 OiUGas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 420-1171 -- Base of Permafrost -- --- -' Fish/Fill Information Item Date De Comment A 10/23/50 ? Well fluids (Oil/Gas) g 350 Salt water used to replace mud from 350' - 650' C 650 Rotary Drilling Mud left in hole p ? &t, Collar, DP and wall hook left m hole Producing Zone De th S f Oil Rate Gas Rate Grav Tem ~89•:i25 .1 sof 1'0 bond 3 h1CF;D 20' 2"F .. . ~~ Drilling Mud Crude Oil & Gas k: •'-~•.:•.~ :~~~:•:I Brine G Oil show • Oil produced ~ Gas show ~- Gas produced ® Ftuoresence-Cut Na,P20, Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal Gypsum cement 3/13/2006 24 TD = 1171' PBTD = 1171' i4ttachment 3 Proposed•Wellbore Diagram Option ~'! ~ Rl Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig - Simpson Core #26 S ud: August 13, 1950 T Meridian Township, Range Section Barrow j jj ests Simpson Core Umiat 18N 11 W 11 54 mi N~C~~ ,~~ ~ ti h GL: 20' AMSL KB: 23' AMSL Atqasuk ema c ~ Proposed Wellbore Sc 70° 55.919' N - 154° 42.684' W 71 mi 10 518" Hole ~ *~~"r"~`,•'" • ~t :-~t~ .. ` .~.. _ •~ _ - ~.: s-y'- ~'~A j a i} 7 5/8" Hole 550' 6 1/8" Hole • ~~irr~pson~ ~ore'Fe~t-#26 Base of Permafrost r TD = 1171' PBTD = 1171' Max production = 176 bbl/day i FormPress = Z50 psig • FlowingPress = 155 psig FormTemp = 14°F Surface Plug to 8' KB IMlatable Packer 750' KB ~ Casing artd Tubing Detail Size ~We- ht T Grade ID To Btm 8 5!8" 29 Conductor --- 7.993' 0 350 212" 6.5 Tubing --- 2.102" 0 210 Base Depths Weight AtlmUVes Water 0-360 9 ~-12.7 Aquagel, Baroid, Na,O,Pz ~ water 306-860 8.33-12.0 Used water. then swiich to 12 ppg mud Water 860-895 8 33-14.a Used water, then switch to 14.4 ppg Water 895-913 6.6-t 0.a Aquagel for dulling, Baroid to kill well Water 913-1171 9.2-t0-6 ~-- I Water 1171 8.33-9.0 Reaming ops used fresh and salt water Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 03-87 --- Seabee Upper-Cretaeeous --- --- Unconforrrxty -- 87 - --- NinuluklSeabee Undiff Upper Cretaceous 87-420 Oil/Gas Grandstand ~.lower:Cretaceous 420-1171 --- Base of Permafrost - --- -~ ~ ~-- i Fish/Fi I I Information Item -Date De h Comment A 1023/50 ? Well Flwds (Oil/Gas) B 350 Salt water used to replace mud from 350' - 650' C 650 Rotary Drilling Mud left ~n hole p ? 8d, COllaf, DP and wall hook left ~n hole Producing Zone 'I De th S f Oil Rate Gas Rate Grav Tem °89-325 1 spi i .".J btiiid 3 LlL"FiD 20° 2'°F Drilling' Mtud Crude Oil & Gas r~-r^ f~;~';:.••;:-~•:' I •Brine G Oil show Oil. produced ~ Gas show -~ 'Gas; produced ® ' Fluoresence-Cut Na4PZ0~ Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal GyQsum cement 3lt3YlUU6 ?9 vngmat Rno = o.u MUVVC \7L • • Statement of Work .ter" `.~ o -~' r~ 0 ~R~ N 3, 1~ U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Well Plugging Simpson Core Test Weils FY 2006 National Petroleum Reserve -Alaska March 13, 2006 ~~ ~,~,.,,,~ o„„E,,,,,,,,~ Bureau of Land Management -Alaska ~w J` `~~ ~ Division of Energy and Solid Minerals Branch of Energy 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, Alaska 99507 (907)267-1469 Phone (907)267-1304 Fax and Northern District Office Arctic Field Office 1150 University Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99709 (907)474-2303 Phone (907)474-2282 Fax Statement of Work Table of Contents Background .....................................................................................................................................................3 Project Description ........................................................................................................................................ ..4 1 -Planning and Permitting ...................................................................................................................... ..4 2 -Project Management and Engineering ................................................................................................ .. S 3 -Coordination with Other Activities in the Area ................................................................................... .. S 4 -Site Reconnaissance ............................................................................................................................. .. 5 S -Project Mobilization -Demobilization ................................................................................................ .. 6 6 -Remote Camp Operations ...................................................................................................................... 6 7 -Personnel ............................................................................................................................................. .. 6 8 -Fuel Use and Supply ............................................................................................................................ .. 7 9 -Water Use and Supply .......................................................................................................................... .. 7 10 -Air Support ......................................................................................................................................... .. 7 11 -Equipment .......................................................................................................................................... .. 7 Flat-bed Trailers .................................................................................................................................... ..7 Heaters ................................................................................................................................................... .. 8 Light Plant ............................................................................................................................................. ..8 Cat Camp ............................................................................................................................................... ..8 Fuel Sloops ............................................................................................................................................ ..8 Pumping Equipment .............................................................................................................................. ..8 Mixing Tank .......................................................................................................................................... ..8 Connexes ............................................................................................................................................... .. 8 Disposal Tank ........................................................................................................................................ ..8 Safety Equipment .................................................................................................................................. ..8 12 -Materials ............................................................................................................................................ ..8 Cement .................................................................................................................................................. ..9 Barite ..................................................................................................................................................... ..9 Gel ......................................................................................................................................................... .. 9 Bridge Plugs .......................................................................................................................................... ..9 Piping Needs ......................................................................................................................................... ..9 Well Control .......................................................................................................................................... ..9 Spill Prevention ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Tarping/Scaffolding .............................................................................................................................. 10 Fluid Pumps .......................................................................................................................................... 10 13 -vehicles .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Steiger Stx375 ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Challenger ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Volvo A25 ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Tucker Sno-Cat ..................................................................................................................................... 10 14 -Well Plugging Procedures ................................................................................................................. 11 Simpson Core Test #26 ......................................................................................................................... 11 Simpson Core Test #27 ......................................................................................................................... 12 Simpson Core Test #30 ......................................................................................................................... 12 Simpson Core Test #30A ...................................................................................................................... 13 Simpson Core Test #31 ......................................................................................................................... 13 1 S -Wellbore Fluid and Waste Disposal .................................................................................................. 14 16 - Wellhead Removal ............................................................................................................................ 14 17 - Attachments ....................................................................................................................................... 14 Attachment 1 -Wellhead Diagrams and Photos ................................................................................... 14 Attachment 2 -Current Wellbore.Diagrams ......................................................................................... 14 Attachment 3 -Proposed Well Plugging .............................................................................................. 14 Attachment 4 -Deleted ......................................................................................................................... 14 Attachment 5 -Bottom Hole Assemblies ............................................................................................. 14 Attachment 6 -Wellhead Components ................................................................................................. 15 Attachment 7 -Route Map ................................................................................................................... 15 3/13/2006 BL,~ 2 Statement of Work Attachment 8 - Wellsite Layout ............................................................................................................15 Attachment 9 -Equipment Spread ........................................................................................................15 Attachment l0a -Project Timeline, March ...........................................................................................15 Attachment l Ob -Project Timeline, April ............................................................................................15 Attachment 11 - A.M. Working Shifts .................................................................................................15 Attachment 12 - P.M. Working Shifts ..................................................................................................15 Attachment 13 -Christensen CS1000 P6L Coring Rig Specifications .................................................15 Attachment 14a -Deleted .....................................................................................................................15 Attachment 14b -Deleted .....................................................................................................................15 Attachment 15 - Wellbore Fluid Volume Diagrams .............................................................................15 Table of Figures Figure 1 -Project Location .............................................................................................................................3 Figure 2 -Aerial View of Locations ...............................................................................................................4 Background The Simpson Core Test Wells were drilled by the US Navy between 1950 and 1951 and are located approximately 10 miles south of the Cape Simpson DEW Line site (See Figures 1, 2). The wells involved in this project are numbered #26, #27, #30, #30a, and #31. The wells were drilled to depths between 355 and 1500 feet, produced oil from a shallow reservoir in the permafrost at rates between 5 and 175 barrels per day, and were left unplugged. a west oe~. ~~~ ~~'~ ~ ' 4' J~. ~ /~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~r V ~~ ~~ w ~ ~C North '/v' ~~ Simpson - O~ Well Locations Simpson #2H Mingao o Simpson #13 t Simpson #°1~Simpson #15 „rSlmpson #1a & 14A n I' 0 1 ~ oS pson #31 3i~npSOn so intpSOn #27 Simpson # A ° East Simpson #1 ,('-fit ~ ~ ~ \ 1 ~'"~ ~` j' ltap Location ~ n , n South Simpson ° Figure 1 -Project Location 3/13/2006 BLM 3 o `'~`"~ • Statement of Work m ;~ ~ i - s~j~,, .1, r~_ .. .. ~ -P ~..~.. ~ -~ o ss ~~ ' ~ ~. I ~' ~ .. f •• L ~ij ~ i ... / Jam `~ fSr .. ...0 ~! ` ~ Q~. . +* ~. '7 O .N t. 1 ~ . - ~ sa Figure 2 -Aerial View of Locations Project Description Ths ~~~-~'"`~1 Q\~.c~s c.~ s~~~t~~~- ~~ ~~`~~ ~ ~~~~ Q~~~S c;c~ nr~e~c ~ tc~-~~~sc The goal of this project is to plug and abandon five (5) wells located near Seep #2a and~~"ri ~©~ ~ #3. The BLM will oversee the project and grant final approval of work performed. Final Q`-°Q~~~ approval is granted: When the well has been plugged to the satisfaction of both BLM and c~c~\~t AOGCC or having been field assessed as having an issue preventing plugging. caha~~E The contractor shall provide all materials, supplies, equipment, labor, and supervision to ~~' ~' 1 accomplish the work except for those tasks that will be performed by the government ~~,~ 1 USGS drilling crew. The contractor's bid price shall cover any and all costs associated with the project, including, but not limited to subcontracting, planning, permitting, reporting, communications, mobilization/demobilization, transportation, catering, fuels, inspections, removal and off-site disposal/demolition of all wastes and junk, clean-up, pollution fines, penalty costs for regulation violations, etc. 1 -Planning and Permitting Contractor will meet with BLM to refine the Plan of Work for the wells, accounting for the unique characteristics at the wellsites. Also, all permits will be identified for which the contractor must submit to various government agencies for approvals and waivers. The necessary permits include but are not limited to: Permit A enc 3/13/2006 $L,M 4 Statement of Work Incidental Take LOA FWS Fish Habitat/Stream Crossing AF&G Temporary Water Use DNR State Well Plugging Approval AOGCC Federal Well Plugging Approval BLM Right-of--Way BLM Coastal Zone Review ACMP NPDES EPA Ice Runway Use (Concurrence) FEX L.P. Spill C-Plan DEC A winter time schedule will be agreed upon which will allow for operations to take place from late March to early April of 2006. The expected duration of operations is 16 days. The average tundra travel closure date since 2000 has been approximately May 7th. Plans should be made to have all well plugging operations completed before this date. A timeline for operations is shown in Attachment 5. The contractor is responsible for developing a Site Specific Health and Safety Plan for the duration of the operations and for maintaining a copy of it on-site. 2 -Project Management and Engineering The ultimate responsibility of coordinating people, equipment and supplies will be the responsibility of the contractor. Preparation is critical in securing the necessary equipment and supplies to make certain that the project will be executed on time. This will include coordination of activities with the USGS drilling crew which is responsible for the coring rig and well plugging operations. A final report on the project will be submitted detailing all the work carved out. The report will be a typed compilation of each day's hourly log of the work performed incorporated with those tasks performed by the USGS drilling. crew. Documentation for each hour of the working. day, documenting rigging up, vehicle travel, fluids volumes generated or pumped and depths of cement plugs will be required. 3 -Coordination with Other Activities in the Area Other activities in the area include the potential drilling of oil exploration wells by FEX L.P. 20 miles south of the project location. The contact for FEX L.P. is Chris Bellis at 614-6949 in Calgary, Alberta. It is planned that the mobilization into the FEX L.P. well locations will be through multiple efforts including overland travel from the Cape Simpson DEW Line site and Prudhoe Bay/Kuparuk infrastructure, and by air utilizing a 5000 feet ice runway. This may provide an opportunity to mobilize equipment and/or utilize equipment already on location for the FEX L.P. operations for the Simpson Core Test well pluggings. 4 -Site Reconnaissance 3/13/2006 ~~,~ 5 Statement of Work • Site reconnaissance is anticipated for this project. The main concern is the potential risks of traveling on the tundra near the oil seeps. Primary importance will be given to the prevention of tracking and spreading oil seep material on the tundra. The contractor will be required to set up an avoidance plan that will involve identifying seep locations and what steps will be taken to avoid contact with the seeps. This reconnaissance will be in preparation for ice pad construction and equipment mobilization. The BLM staff has photographic and documented information on the sites that will be provided to the contractor to aid in this effort. A map of the proposed routes to the wellsites is shown in Attachment 7. 5 - Proiect Mobilization -Demobilization The project will begin with setting up equipment in Deadhorse. This will last approximately 4 days prior to mobilization to Cape Simpson, and will involve 2 days in Deadhorse at the conclusion of operations of the Umiat project. This will be done if it will be viable to coordinate the Cape Simpson and Umiat projects. Equipment, supplies, and personnel used for the project will be mobilized to the site either by low pressure ground vehicles, aircraft, or any combination of these methods. The project location will be located 20 miles north of FEX L.P.'s drilling operations where it is anticipated one or more 5000 feet ice runways will be located and maintained to support equipment, fuel, and personnel flights. It is unknown how long the ice runway will be used and maintained as this will depend on the decisions made by FEX L.P as their drilling program progresses. The necessary equipment spread (i.e. camp and trailer strings) required for the project can be seen in Attachment 9. 6 -Remote Camp Operations Camp facilities will be required at or near the project location. The camp space necessary for this project will be 22 beds plus 6 spare beds for a total bed space of 28. Camp staff is expected to be two 12 hour crews each with one attendant and one cook and two late shift workers. A mobile sled camp called the "Gypsy Camp" will be on location for the FEX L.P. operations and may be available with some of the necessary bed space during their winter drilling program. It is a possibility that not all the beds in the "Gypsy Camp" will be available and some bed units may need to be mobilized to the site. 7 -Personnel The required personnel for well plugging operations are expected to be two-12 hour crews. The first crew will have one project manager, one medic (EMT III), two vehicle operators, one mechanic, one cook, one bull cook, four USGS drilling crew members, and two BLM staff members for project and regulatory oversight. The second crew will be made of three vehicle operators, four USGS drilling crew members, and two BLM staff members for additional project and regulatory oversight. Two additional Challenger drivers will be needed for the mob and demob from Deadhorse and will not be needed 3/13/2006 BL,~ 6 Statement of Work S during the well plugging portion of the project. These work shifts can be found in Attachments 11 and 12. Certain workers will be required to provide documentation of current certification or documentation in (1) 40 Hour HAZWHOPPR and concurrent 8 Hour Refresher; (2) Fit for Work Statement. 8 -Fuel Use and Supply Rough estimations of fuel usage are at a maximum 2000 gallons per day of diesel for vehicle, equipment and camp usage and a total project consumption of 32,000 gallons of diesel. Fuel tanks and portable fuel sloops maybe available during FEX L.P.'s operations for the Simpson Core Test well plugging operations. Fuel may also be mobilized into the site by either air or ground. support prior to commencement of well plugging operations. 9 -Water Use and Supply A supply of lake water from a permitted source will be needed for ice pads, well plugging, and camp operations. A snow melter will be necessary at the well locations. A pump will be required along with associated hoses to transport the water from the snow melter to the Connex with the water tank. Permitted volumes are up to 50,000 gallons per day for 10 days for a total of 500,000 gallons. 10 -Air Support Government cost estimates were developed assuming air support would include flights by Twin Otter, Cessna Caravan, Dash-8 or like aircraft for personnel transport. Flights through ERA Aviation may be available from Anchorage to the ice runway at the FEX L.P. drilling locations. Additional air support may come in the form of either L-382 or DC-6 for fuel and equipment supply. In case of a medical emergency, a medical emergency flight should be available to move a person or persons to the nearest available medical facility. I1 -Equipment The following equipment is what will be required to accomplish the project. The contractor is encouraged to think of alternatives if it will improve the quality of the project and reduce costs. Flat-bed Trailers Flat-bed trailers with rubber tracks (Marcep trailer or equivalent) will be used as the platforms from which the well plugging operations will take place. A total of four trailers will be necessary for the entire duration of the well plugging operations. The trailers should have dimensions of at least 8' x 40' trailers. The maximum load expected for any of the trailers will be 42,000 lbs. 3/13/2006 BL,~ 7 ~,_ Statement of Work Heaters Two Chinook 800 or equivalent heaters will be needed during the project. Light Plant One 6 Kilowatt portable light towers will be needed during the project. This will be supplied by the USGS out of Deadhorse. Cat Camp A four-man mobile trailer with generator, bathroom, kitchen and four beds will be needed at the wellsites for the entire duration of the project. Fuel Sloops Two 5000 gallon fuel sloops will be needed during the operations. Pumping Equipment The pumping equipment should be capable of pumping a cement slurry into the well by mixing water and cement sacks in a hopper and pumping cement down pipe at a maximum surface pressure of 300 psi into the wells to achieve the desired 100-150 feet cement plug. This grout pump will be supplied by the USGS out of Deadhorse. Mixing Tank A heated water tank will be required to hold at least 300 gallons of water and provide heat to the water to raise the temperature uniformly to 80°F. This water will be used for making the cement slurry. A second 300 gallon tank will be used to temporarily hold displaced fluid from the well before entering the heated tank. Connexes The necessary pumping and mixing equipment should be placed in connexes to provide adequate shelter from the .elements. The connexes should be no more than 21 feet long and 8 feet wide to both fit on a flat-bed trailer with other equipment and provide some protection from the elements. Lighting and heat will be necessary inside the connexes. Disposal Tank A double-walled tanks capable of holding 5000 gallons should be used to store displaced fluids from the wells including crude oil, brine, drilling muds and cement rinseate. This tank should be transported to the site by low-pressure ground vehicle. Safety Equipment Necessary safety equipment includes proper PPE, certified fire extinguishers and rental of complete gas detection equipment and protective masks. Satellite or radio communications will be needed for possible emergency situations. Medical personnel should be trained in CPR and First Aid. 12 -Materials 3/13/2006 BL,M Statement of Work • The following materials are what will be required to accomplish the project. The contractor is encouraged to think of alternatives if it will improve the quality of the project and reduce costs. Cement Artic LiteCRETE has been chosen because of its permafrost capability, its lower density of 10.5 - 12.5 ppg, and the ability to create an impermeable plug between the well bore and the surface. Approximately 294 sacks (65 lbs/sack) of Arctic LiteCRETE cement would be used to set the surface plugs in most of the wells. The cement should be brought to the Simpson wells in dry form in sacks on pallets of 42 sacks per pallet. For heavier cement needed in Simpson Core Test #26, Arctic Set I cement with a density of 15.8 ppg will also be needed for setting of balanced plugs in this well. The amount of cement needed is 210 sacks (65 lbs/sack) of Arctic Set L All cement will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Barite Barite in 50 lb sacks will be needed for well circulation procedures. At a maximum, a total of 420 sacks or 10 pallets will be needed. All barite will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Gel Bentonite gel in 50 lb sacks will be needed for well circulation procedures. At a maximum, a total of 420 sacks or 10 pallets will be needed. All gel will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Bridge. Plugs A bridge plug, cement retainer or similar plug will need to be set in all of the wells at varying depths within the casing of each well. Any associated equipment needed for setting of the plugs will need to be brought to the well locations on the appropriate trailer. All plugs will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Piping Needs Associated flowlines, including check valves, pipe elbows, tees, and flow nipples will be required. Pipe lifting equipment will be a Christensen CS1000 P6L coring rig (see Attachment 13) provided and used by the USGS drilling crew. Light weight steel pipe for use in running plugs and spotting cement will be provided and used by the USGS drilling crew. Attachment 5 shows the bottomhole assemblies (BHAs) that will be used during the project. All pipe for rig use will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Well Control 3/13/2006 BL,~ Statement of Work • Adequate well control equipment will be provided by the USGS drilling crew to insure proper well control is maintained at all times during well plugging operations. Attachment 6 details the wellhead components (WHCs) that will be used on each well. All well control will be purchased by the USGS or BLM and will likely be flown into the location. Spill Prevention Adequate spill prevention materials should be placed on the ice pads to prevent any spilled fluids from draining off the pad into the surrounding tundra. Additional spill prevention materials such as duck ponds should be used underneath all idling vehicles. Tarping/Scaffolding To provide protection from wind and the elements, tarps will need to be set across the tops of the connexes with a small opening available for the rig mast. Other tarps will be set up across the front and back of the connexes to help insulate the coring rig and USGS drilling crew during well plugging operations. Fluid Pumps Fluid pumps will be necessary to move water from the water tank to the pumping equipment. Additional pumps may be necessary for fuel transfers, water pumping, and wellbore fluid transfers to disposal tanks. 13 -Vehicles The following vehicles are what will be required to accomplish the project. The contractor is encouraged to think of alternatives if it will improve the quality of the project and reduce costs. Steiger Stx375 One of these vehicles will be used during mobilization and demobilization to the wellsite and/or camp. It will be responsible for assisting in pulling trailers and fuel sloops. Challenger Three of these vehicles will be used during mobilization and demobilization to the wellsite and/or camp. They will be responsible for assisting in pulling trailers and fuel sloops. Two vehicles will be on stand-by during the well plugging operations. Volvo A25 Two of these vehicles will be used during mobilization and demobilization to the wellsite and/or camp. Both will be responsible for construction of the ice pads. After construction of the ice pads, one Volvo will be dedicated to transporting water and one Volvo will be responsible for holding the disposal tank and moving it from site to site. Tucker Sno-Cat 3/13/2006 BL,M 10 .~,~ Statement of Work . This vehicle will be used to move personnel between wellsites and the camp location. One Tucker Sno-Cat will be necessary and should be able to transport at least five people, preferably 12 people. 14 -Well Plugging Procedures The well plugging procedures for each well will be detailed in the .following section. Well plugging operations will be conducted using the Christensen coring rig mounted on the back of a challenger trailer and will operated by the USGS drilling crew, with occasional assistance from other project staff. A diagram and photo of each well is shown in Attachment 1 and a current Wellbore diagram is shown in Attachment 2. The method used in setting plugs is shown in Attachments 3. The required bottomhole assemblies (BHA) and wellhead components (WHC) used are shown in Attachments 5 and 6. A step-by-step procedure for each well is as follows: 1 S -Wellbore Fluid and Waste Disposal It will be necessary to displace fluids from the wells. This displaced fluid will be a mix of crude oil, brine, drilling muds and cement rinseate. The fluid should be stored on location in double-walled tanks until demobilization. The fluid will then need to be disposed of in f an approved location either on the North Slope or Fairbanks area. The anticipated fluid volume is 2500 to 5000 gallons. ' 16 - Wellhead Removal After the conclusion of cementing procedures, the wellheads will not be removed due to the historic nature of both the wells and the oil seeps. If the wellheads are altered in any fashion, they must be returned to the original configuration and appearance after the conclusion of operations. Equipment necessary to alter the wellheads may include welding torches, saws, or non-combustible methods for hot work. 17 - Attachments Attachment 1-Wellhead Diagrams and Photos Attachment 2 -Current Wellbore Diagrams Attachment 3 -Proposed Well Plugging Attachment 4 -Deleted Attachment 5 -Bottom Hole Assemblies Attachment 6 -Wellhead Components Attachment 7 -Route Map 3/23/2006 BL,M 11 ~~ Statement of Work . Attachment 8 - Wellsite Layout Attachment 9 -Equipment Spread Attachment l0a -Project Timeline, March Attachment lOb -Project Timeline, April Attachment 11 - A.M. Working Shifts Attachment 12 - P.M. Working Shifts Attachment 13 -Christensen CS1000 P6L Coring Rig Specifications Attachment 14a -Deleted Attachment 14b -Deleted Attachment 15 - Wellbore Fluid Volume Diagrams 3/23/2006 BL,M 12 • /~itachlrriemt 5 ~~$$~u~(fi~~~ ~s~~~~~o~s BHA #1 2 1/2" NX Drill Rods ~~ 4112" Sub ~- 7 7/8" Drill Bit 2 1/2" PlX Drill Rods 1/4" Control Line Adapter sub 4 1/2" Inflatable Packer i~~~ 3/13/2006 '~ 39 BHA #2 Attachment 6 eA '.t- :. tl- 'a WHC #1 8 5l8" flange w/ gasket 2" threaded side outlet 8 5l8" casing riser 8 5/8" flange w/ gasket WHC #2 2" threaded line pipe 2" gate valve 2" threaded line pipe WHC #3 2" threaded bleed valve 114" pressure gauge WHC #4 tubing slips pack-off 2" threaded pipe WHC #5 2" ball valve 2" flow tee 2" ball valve 2" threaded line pipe Wellhead Components Wells: Simspon #26 Simpson #27 Simpson #30 Simpson #30A Simpson #31 Wells: Simspon #26 (x2) Simpson #27 Simpson #30 Simpson #30A Simpson #31 Wells: Simspon #26 Simpson #27 Simpson #30A Wells: Simspon #26 Simpson #27 Simpson #30 Simpson #30A Simpson #31 Wells: Simpson #27 Simpson #30A _,~ ~~- C ~. WHC #6 Wells: 8 5/8" flange Simpson #30 10 3l4" x 8 518" swedge 10 3l4" flange 10 3/4" flange w/ gasket 10 3/4" casing w/ packing WHC #7 Wells: 2" ball valve Simpson #30 2" threaded Simpson #31 8 5/8" x 2" swedge 8 5/8" flange WHC #8 Wells: 8 5/8" flange welded Simpson #30A onto Simpson #30A WHC #9 Wells: 3 1/2" tubing slips Simspon #26 Simpson #27 Simpson #30 • Simpson #30A Simpson #31 8~.,~ 3/1312008 ~ 40 Attachment 7 Route Map 20 mi to Ice Runway #~1 ,,,•~ ~~ '. 'V~ ~~~: ~ ?~ ~'~ -~ '`'`~ ~~~~'-_ -- - Route length 0.5 mi ~. ~~ 1 „R`t ;~tir~~ 2,50 mi ~:; FEX Route 0.5 mi 4" \ 0.5 mi ~~- . o ~~ .--~~~-: _x~ ~.A~~~ ~~ BLM Route ~ .. .. * _~~ ~ Ice Pad ~ ~` ~.+~~ rte, a. ^ • BLM 3/13/2006 ~ 41 Attachment 8 Wellsite Layout Cape Simpson 3/13/2006 Legend Feet ~ I ~ 0 5 10 15 20 B~ 42 Attachment 9 Equipment Spread Cape Simpson • 1.) Project Manager 2.) Volvo A 3.) Volvo B 4.) Steiger 5.) Challenger A 6.) Challenger B 7.) Mechanic ~Q~~ Challenger Sled 8.6 x 40 , 5000 gal Fuel sled ' BLM 3/13/2006 A25 Volvo A25 Volvo • Sun Mon 5 12 6 13 Tue 14 1 8 15 2 9 16 3 10 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 USGS Deadhorse Deadhorse Deadhorse Deadhorse Cape Simpson DEN to ANC Mob Day #1 Mob Day #2 Mob Day #3 Mob Day #4 Mob Day #1 Cape Simpson Project Schedule As of 3/08/06 Sat 4 11 ~ 18 25 • ' ~ 1 1 • Sun Mon 2 Cape Simpson Mob Day #3 9 Cape Simpson Work Day #7 16 23 30 3 Cape Simpson Work Day #1 10 Cape Simpson Work Day #8 17 24 Tue 4 Cape Simpson Work Day #2 11 Cape Simpson Work Day #9 18 25 Wed 5 Cape Simpson Work Day #3 12 Cape Simpson Work Day #10 19 26 Thu ~~ Cape Simpson Work Day #4 13 Cape Simpson Demob Day #1 20 27 Fri 7 Cape Simpson Work Day #5 14 Cape Simpson Demob Day #2 21 Sat 1 Cape Simpson Mob Day #2 Cape Simpson Work Day #6 15 Cape Simpson Demob Day #3 22 • 28 29 Cape Simpson Project Schedule As of 3/08/06 Attachment 11 Work Shifts A.M. Hours sniff Name 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3:00 3:30 4:00 4:30 5:00 5:30 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 1 Project Manager 1 Steiger Driver 1 Volvo Driver 1 Mechanic 1 Medic 1 BLM Surface 1 BLM Subsurface 1 USGS Boss 1 USGS Crew 1 USGS Crew 1 USGS Crew " ' 1 Challenger Driver 1 Cook ~ -~~ 1 Bull Cook _ _ - 2 Challenger Driver __-________ 2 Volvo Driver ____-______ 2 BLM Surface ___-___-___ 2 BLM Subsurface ___-______~ 2 USGS Boss ___________ 2 USGS Crew -______--__ 2 USGS Crew _-______-_- 2 USGS Crew _____-_--_- Legend - Work period Overlap BLM 3/13/2006 45 Attachment 12 Work Shifts P.M. Hours Shift Name 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 16:30 17:00 17:30 18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 21:00 21:30 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:30 1 Project Manager 1 Steiger Driver -________~__ 1 Volvo Driver _-_____-____ 1 Mechanic ______-_____ 1 Medic _-____-___-- i 1 BLM Surface ______--____ 1 BLM Subsurface -__-_-___~~_ i 1 USGS Boss ______--____ 1 USGS Crew __---___-___ 1 USGS Crew __-__-___--_ 1 USGS Crew _-__---_____ ` E 1 Challenger Driver ----______-_ . 1 Cook _ _ - _ __ ,~~ - ._. _ -- - _ - l _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ 2 l ginger Driver Cha 2 Volvo Driver _-_-____--_ 2 BLM Surface ~~~ s _-_____--__ 2 BLM Subsurface _--_~______ 2 USGS Boss -__________ 2 USGS Crew -_----_____ 2 USGS Crew __________- 2 USGS Crew -__________ Legend Work period Overlap BLM _ 3/13/2006 ~~~+'~~~`~' 45 Christensen CS1000 P6L Core Drill a~~ , .~. ~,~ ~~ ~~ ,c ~- h~ ' ~a:a•,: ~; ~.~ A a .~ ~~` ~ _ ,s - i \~ . ~ ~., af~,a~i~ ~ ! ; cs ~~ `.-- _ ~"~ ~ ~ • ~~ JfxlasCopco DEPTH CAPACITY CORING (WIRELIKE OR CONVENTIONAL) B WIRELIKE 4,500 FT (1,370 M) N WIRELIKE 3,500 FT (1,070 M) H WIltELINE 2,400 FT (730 M) P WIRELIKE 1,300 FT (400 M) DEPTH RATINGS ARE BASED ON VERTICAL AND DRY HOLE MAIN HOIST SINGLE LINE CAPACITY: BARE DRUM 12,000 LB (5,443 KG) DOUBLE LINE CAPACITY: BARE DRUM 24,000 LB (10,886 KG) LINE SPEED: BARE DRUM 132 FT/MIN (40 M/MIN) CABLE SIZE: 110 FEET (338 M) x 9/161N (14.3MM) WIRELIKE CAPACITY: 6,000 FT (1,830 M) OF 3/16 IN (4.76 MM) 3,200 FT (975 M) OF 1!4 IN (6.35 MM) LINE PULL BARE DRUM: 2,500 LB (1,134 KG) LINE PULL FULL DRUM: 700 LB (318 KG) LINE SPEED: BARE DRUM 390 FT/MIN (119 M/MII~ FULL DRUM 1,500 FT/MIN (457 M/MIN) MAST AND FEED SYSTEM FEED TRAVEL: 11.5 FT (3.5 M) FEED SPEEDS: FAST AND SLOW WITH VARIABLE CONTROL THRUST: 12,250 LB (5,556 KG) PULL: 20,000 LB (9,070 KG) DRILLING ANGLE: 45 TO 90 DEGREES ROD PULL LENGTH: 20 FT (6.09 M) POWER UNIT MFG.: CUMMINS MODEL: 6BTA 5.9 LITER 6 CYLINDER POWER: ]75 HP (131 KW) RPM: 2,500 ENGINE TYPE: DIESEL TURBOCHARGED/AFTER COOLED COOLING: WATER OTHER ENGINESAVAILABLE ONREQUEST HYDRAULIC SYSTEM PRIMARY PUMP: 3,500 PSl-43 GPM (24.1MPA-162 LPM) SECONDARY PUMP: 3,000 - 15GPM (20.6 MPA - 56 LPM) AUXILIARY PUMP: 2,500 PSI - 8 GPM (17.2 MPA - 30 LPM) HYDRAULIC OIL COOLING: AIR DRILLHEAD AND SPINDLE SPEEDS POWER: HYDRAULIC MOTOR -VARIABLE SPEED/REVERSIBLE FINAL DRIVE: 4 IN HV CHAIN DRIVE IN OIL BATH-2.5 RATIO SPINDLE: 4 5/81N (117MM) SPINDLE SPEEDS: GEAR RATIO SPEED (RPM) TORQUE, FT LB (NM) 1 ST 6.63:1 130-196 3,232-2,218 (4,382-3,007) 2ND 3.17:1 270-410 1,545-1,060 (2,095-1,437) 3RD 1.72:1 500-756 839-575 (1,138-780) 4TH 1.00:1 857-1,300 488-335 (662-454) RANGE SELECTION: MANUAL CONTROL FROM OPERATOR'S STATION HINGED HEAD: SWING AWAY CHUCK ASSEMBLY TYPE: HYDRAULIC OPEN, SPRING CLOSED MAXIMUM INSIDE DIAMETER: 4 518 IN (117MM) HOLDING CAPACITY: 40,000 LB (18,143 KG) DRILL BASE SUPPORTS QUANTITY: 4 PAD DIAMETER: 12 IN (305 MM) TRAVEL LENGTH: 12 IN (305 MM) i WEIGHT HIGHWAY FLY-IN MAJOR TOTAL WET TOTAL WET COMPONENTS WET 9,205 LB (4,176 KG) 8,605 LB (3,904 KG) 8,120 LB (3,683 KG) DRILLHEAD: 1,040 LB (472 KG) 1,040LB (472KG) 1,040LB (472KG) DRILL BASE: 680 LB (309 KG) 680 LB (309 KG) 680 LB (309 KG) LOWER MAST: 2,000 LB (908 KG) 2,000 LB (908 KG) 2,000 LB (908 KG) UPPER MAST: 800 LB (363 KG) 800 LB (363 KG) 800 LB (363 KG) ENGINE COMPONENT WET: 1,500 LB (681 KG) 1,500 LB (681 KG) 1,500 LB (681 KG) HYDRAULIC COMPONENT WET: 900 LB (408 KG) 900 LB (408 KG) 900 LB (408 KG) DRAW WORKS COMPONENT INCLUDING CABLE: 1,200 LB (545 KG) 1,200 LB (545 KG) 1,200 LB (545 KG) TOWING PACKAGE & MISCELLANEOUS FUEL TANK WET: 125 LB (57 KG) 125 LB (57 KG) BATTERY BOX & BATTERY: 134 LB (61 KG) 134 LB (61 KG) DRILL BASE SUPPORTS (4): 100 LB (45 KG) 100 LB (45 KG) OPERATOR'S PLATFORM: 22 LB (10 KG) 22 LB (10 KG) MUD TANK OUTRIGGERS (4): 104 LB (47 KG) 104 LB (47 KG) WHEELS & STUB SHAFT (4): 400 LB (182 KG) HITCH: 200 LB (91 KG) DIMENSIONS LENGTH WIDTH HEIGHT DRILL BASE: 114 IN (2,896 MM) 64 IN (1,626 MM) 58 IN (1,473 MM) LOWER MAST: 200 IN (5,080 MM) 26IN (660 MM) 33 IN (838 MM) UPPER MAST: 145 IN (3,683 MM) 21 IN (533 MM) 29IN (737 MM) ASSEMBLED MAST: 28.8 FT (8.8 M) DRILL HEAD: HORIZONTAL VIEW 31 IN (787 MM) x 44 IN (1,118 MM) VERTICAL VIEW 21 IN (533 MM) x 44IN (1,118MM) ENGINE COMPONENT: 43.5 IN (1,105 MM) x 49 IN (1,245MM) x 29IN (737 MM) HYDRAULIC COMPONENT: 37.5 IN (953 MM) x 49.5 IN (1,257 MM) x 29IN (737 MM) DRAW WORKS COMPONENT: 27.8 IN (706 MM) x 56.5 IN (1,435 MM) x 26IN (660 MM) STANDARD EQUIPMENT -HYDRAULIC MAST RAISE -TOWING PACKAGE -HYDRAULIC OIL RESERVOIR FILL PUMP & FILTRATION -DERRICK IN TWO SECTIONS -FUEL TANK 34 GAL (125 L) -FUEL FILTER & WATER SEPARATOR OPTIONS -HYDRAULIC P-SIZE HOLDING CLAMP -SINGLE, LARGE DIAMETER MAIN HOIST SHEAVE -HYDRAULIC DRIVEN MUD PUMP FMC W1122BCD MAX FLOW: 37 GPM (]40 LPM) MAX PRESSURE: 700 PS 1 (4.9 MI'A) -HYDRAULIC MUD MIXER -MAST LIGHTING KIT -HYDRAULIC JACKS -SKID MOUNTING -CRAWLER MOUNTING ALL WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS ARE APPROXIMATE AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE Atlas Copco Exploration Products ~/-~~.~.~~j,~~~ 640 McKeown Avenue, f4~/~c7 rV~JI/~I North Bay, Ontario Canada Tel (705) 472-3320, Fax (705) 472-6843 Attachment 15 p+A 28.00 Ibm'ft t4.Hi bbl 1 55011____ - /- Spaoar7 20.70 bd 61111np Mud ^ ', 18.98 btl ~. 61251n CH G% &cass 1171 f1 .i, ii,. 1-HOf1~O0{Cef - •o rm~k of SKhlurl6vgc p+q 12 250 n CH 0% Excess 150 ft ~ j lead 28 OO IMMf 150 fi dap. Fluld1 936 bd 0°h &CESS 0%&cess % 693 ft 1-F1O11~OO~C't - `a rtvk of Sx3Jurlbsgv~ Wellbore Fluid Volumes p+q P+A • arn~ set u1e well caelrq Sz 26 350 37.05 27 120 27.35 30 150 33.51 30a 100 22.34 31 101 22.55 $h41 Tdais Cement Tdek 142.80 SF = 1.5 214 Palbts 5 Ordered 8 Arctk Set Lite Cement View 444 ft3/ax 1.568 ft3/sx 11.7322174 gaVSz BLM 3N 3/2008 52 1-HOII~OO~Cx` - "o rnrk of SclJurr6vgc 1-f 1Of10bO0~C'~ - "a mrk of Schlurrbcyc . WASHINGTON ~TATING CONTROL HEADS, INC. ~r , Idar;,facturers of Rotating Heads and Diverters ~~ ~ `~~1 For Oil, Gas. and Geotnermai Drilling t G1.., `"~" ' ' ~ F «~ ~_ -_ ~- . -. _ ;~ :; _ ,~ ''~-. ~_ The 3022 with stripper rubber open and compression lock attached Call or send us your inquiry for pricing. The 3022 with stripper rubber closed and compression lock attached Comprasi Lock CLICK HERE FOR DIMENSIONS BACK TO DIVERTECH MODELS • Model 3022 DIVERTER SYSTEM The 3022 Diverter is manufactured to work on your casing. It can be flanged to casing, threaded on casing, or can be made up with the compression lock system, which is simple and foolproof. Simply slide the diverter over casing and tighten 3 to 6 bolts on compression ring. The rubber rings enclosed are then compressed around your casing providing aslip-proof lock and seal on plastic casing as well as steel. It utilizes the 3010 series stripper rubber. Because of the 3010's two- piece construction, bit and/or hammer can be lowered into casing by simply opening the stripper rubber, passing the tool, and closing back around drill pipe. Drill cuttings are now contained and diverted to desired location through the flow line. Camps Lack Er [HOME] [ABOUT US] [OUR PRODUCTS] [CONTACTING US] [SEND US YOUR INQUIRY] [EVENTS] 131 . ~,~ ~ ' ~ s ~ _."~,, i ; i ~ FRANK H. MURKOWSK/, GOVERNOR 7~T ~--~~t7t~r~~T ~~ oisil ~ 333 W. T" AVENUE, SUITE 100 CO1~S~RQ~ii01s COrgII5SI0~ ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501-3539 PHONE (907) 279-1433 Stan Porhola FAx tso7) vs-7sa2 Petroleum Engineer Bureau of Land Management 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, AK 99507 Re: Cape Simpson Area, Simpson Undefined Oil Pool Simpson Core Test Well #26 PTD: 100-186 Sundry: 306-100 Simpson Core Test Well #27 PTD: 100-187 Sundry: 306-101 Simpson Core Test Well #30 PTD: 100-190 Sundry: 306-102 Simpson Core Test Well #30A PTD: 100-191 Sundry: 306-103 Simpson Core Test Well #31 PTD: 100-192 Sundry: 306-104 Dear Mr. Porhola: Enclosed are the approved Applications for Sundry Approval relating to the above referenced wells. Please note the conditions set out in the enclosed forms. The Commission strongly encourages the BLM's efforts to plug these legacy wells. Proper well plugging serves multiple purposes. These include isolation of fluids to their native formations for environmental and conservation reasons, protection of fresh water, and isolation of the wells from the surface environment. The work at Cape Simpson is complicated by the remoteness of the location, the age of the wells, and the potential presence of hazardous materials in the wellbores. Based upon our previous meetings we understand that the proposed work plans submitted in the Sundry applications are a practical alternative to isolate old wellbores from the surface environment. 1 These plans do not represent a proposal to fully abandon the wells. Rather, they have a more limited purpose: to manage the most pressing problems or potential problems associated with the wells' current conditions. Additionally, we understand that placing surface plugs as planned will not preclude your re-entry into the wells at some later date for additional plugging and abandonment operations. Accordingly, approved copies of 1 See attached correspondence. • • copies of the Sundry applications for Simpson Core Test Wells #26, #27, #30, #30A, and #31 are attached. Please note that the Commission's records will classify these wells as having surface plugs, but not as abandoned. Abandonment requires: • Downhole and surface plugs in accordance with 20 AAC 25.112; • installation of an abandonment marker in accordance with 20 AAC 25.120; and • clearance of the location in accordance with 20 AAC 25.170. As a condition of this approval, BLM must provide to the Commission a Report of Sundry Well Operations (Form 10-404) and history of operations for each of the above referenced wells within 30 days of the completion of plugging operations. When providing notice for a representative of the Commission to witness any required test, please contact the Commission's petroleum field inspector at (907) 659-3607 (pager). As provided in AS 31.05.080, within 20 days after written notice of this decision, or such further time as the Commission grants for good cause shown, a person affected by it may file with the Commission an application for rehearing. A request for rehearing is considered timely if it is received by 4:30 PM on the 23rd day following the date of this letter, or the next working day if the 23rd day falls on a holiday or weekend. A person may not appeal a Commission decision to Superior Court unless rehearing has been requested. DATED this day of April, 2006 Encl. • • =' ~ '- -~- r _ t. _ ~.W ,, ,~ _,_ ,_ FRANK N. MURKOWSK/, GOVERNOR ~y ~ O~ ~ ~'`~+~ 333 W. 7"' AVENUE, SUITE 100 COliTSERQATI011T CO1f11~iISSIO~T ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501-3539 PHONE (907) 279-f433 FAX (907) 276-7542 April 21, 2004 Mr. Greg Noble Mr. Stan Porholla Mr. Steve Martinez Bureau of Land Management Campbell Track Facility 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, AK 99507-2599 Re: Proposed Plugging of We11s at Umiat Umiat #6 PTD: 100-214 Sundry: 304-115 Umiat #8 PTD: 100-216 Sundry: 304-117 Umiat #9 PTD: 100-217 Sundry: 304-116 Umiat # Z O PTD: 100-218 Sundry: 304-114 Gentlemen: On April 20, 2004 a meeting was held between staff members of the Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission ("Commission") and the Bureau of Land Management ("BLM") at BLM's office. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss upcoming work to place surface plugs in the referenced wells. This meeting followed earlier oral discussions and e-mail. correspondence with Commission staff concerning this project as well as discussions with Commission staff on April I5 and 16, 2004. I want to thank you for meeting with Commission staff members to discuss the planned work. At the meeting, an approved copy of the proposed abandonment plan for Umiat # 8 was delivered. Please note that the Commission's records will probably not classify this well as abandoned, since the location clearance requirements in connection with well abandonment include removal of the wellhead and installation of an abandonment marker in accordance with 20 AAC 25.120 and 25.170. Discussions have indicated that since these wells were drilled more than 50 years ago, they require protection as historic sites and therefore the wellheads are to be reinstalled. If your plans change in this respect, please let us know so our records can be updated accordingly. With regard to the remaining well plans, the most recent meeting has allowed the Commission to confirm the study and preparations BLM has made to design workable plans to place surface plugs in the remaining wells. The Commission initially had concerns that the plans as proposed would not meet Alaska plugging requirements at 20 AAC 25.112. Proper well plugging serves multiple purposes The~q ,'include isolation of fluids to their native formations for enviFOnrzi~~ta1;~~~> conservation • Stan Porholla April 21, 2004 Page 2 of 2 • reasons, protection of fresh water, and isolation of the well from the surface environment. The work at Umiat is complicated by the remoteness of the location, the age of the wells, the potential presence of hazardous materials in the wellbores and on the surface, and realistic appropriation limits. During the meeting yesterday, the geology, well construction and present condition of all I 1 Umiat wells were reviewed and the proposed work for each well discussed, along with available funding. As represented to Commission Staff, the proposed work plans submitted in the Sundry applications are the most practical alternative to isolate the old wellbores from the surface environment. We now better understand that the work plans do not represent a proposal to fully abandon the wells notwithstanding incomplete plugging. Rather, the work plans have a more limited purpose, to manage the most pressing problems or potential problems associated with the wells' current conditions. Placing surface plugs as planned will not preclude re-entry into the wells at some later date for additional plugging operations. Accordingly, approved copies of the Sundry applications for Umiat #6, #9 and # 10 are attached. The Commission strongly supports your efforts to plug and abandon these legacy wells and we stand ready to assist in any wg~~~~ wan. Please feel free to contact the Commission staff at any time to discuss o inate this or any future well work. Sin ely o .Norman, • • Stan Porhola Petroleum Engineer Bureau of Land Management 6881 Abbott Loop Road Anchorage, AK 99507 Re: Cape Simpson Area, Simpson Undefined Oil Pool Simpson Core Test Well #26 PTD: 100-186 Sundry: 306-100 Simpson Core Test Well #27 PTD: 100-187 Sundry: 306-101 Simpson Core Test Well #30 PTD: 100-190 Sundry: 306-102 Simpson Core Test Well #30A PTD: 100-191 Sundry: 306-103 Simpson Core Test Well #31 PTD: 100-192 Sundry: 306-104 Dear Mr. Porhola: Enclosed are the approved Applications for Sundry Approval relating to the above referenced wells. Please note the conditions set out in the enclosed forms. The Commission strongly encourages the BLM's efforts to plug these legacy wells. Proper well plugging serves multiple purposes. These include isolation of fluids to their native formations for environmental and conservation reasons, protection of fresh water, and isolation of the wells from the surface environment. The work at Cape Simpson is complicated by the remoteness of the location, the age of the wells, and the potential presence of hazardous materials in the wellbores. Based upon our previous meetings we understand that the proposed work plans submitted in the Sundry applications are a practical alternative to isolate old wellbores from the surface environment. 1 These plans do not represent a proposal to fully abandon the wells. Rather, they have a more limited purpose: to manage the most pressing problems or potential problems associated with the wells' current conditions. Additionally, we understand that and placing surface plugs as planned ' See attached correspondence. • • will not preclude your re-entry into the wells at some later date for additional plugging and abandonment operations. Accordingly, approved copies of the Sundry applications for Simpson Core Test Wells #26, #27, #30, #30A, and #31 are attached. Please note that the Commission's records will classify these wells as having surface plugs, but not as abandoned. Abandonment requires: • Downhole and surface plugs in accordance with 20 AAC 25.112; • installation of an abandonment marker in accordance with 20 AAC 25.120; and • clearance of the location in accordance with 20 AAC 25.170. As a condition of this approval, BLM must provide to the Commission a Report of Sundry Well Operations (Form 10-404) and history of operations for each of the above referenced wells within 30 days of the completion of plugging operations. When providing notice for a representative of the Commission to witness any required test, please contact the Commission's petroleum field inspector at (907) 659-3607 (pager). As provided in AS 31.05.080, within 20 days after written notice of this decision, or such further time as the Commission grants for good cause shown, a person affected by it may file with the Commission an application for rehearing. A request for rehearing is considered timely if it is received by 4:30 PM on the 23rd day following the date of this letter, or the next working day if the 23rd day falls on a holiday or weekend. A person may not appeal a Commission decision to Superior Court unless rehearing has been requested. Sincerely, John K. Norman Chairman DATED this- day of April, 2006 Encl. Simppson Core #26 Subsurface Report U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Well Plugging and Abandonment Summary For Simpson Core Test No. 26 Operator: US Navy Well Name and Well#: Simpson Core Test No. 26 Location and Field: LAT- 70°56'08" N. LONG-154°41'04" W ( WGS 84 70 55.908-154 42.718 ) Spud Date: 8/13/1950 Completion Date: 10/23/1950 Total Depth: 1,171' Effective Depth: 1,171' Hole Size: 3 7/8"- 5 7/8" T.D.M.W.: 9.2-10.6ppg Special Mud Additives/Concerns: ? Status: Live well? Plug and Abandonment Date: 10/23/1950 ?? Surface Equipment/Status: Tubing head installed filed//D:/SCore26.htm1 Casing Hole Size Casing Size Weight Grade Depth Cement Conductor Surface Intermediate 8 5/8" 29# 350' 110 Sacs Cal-Seal Intermediate Production Tubing Well Remarks: 306- Hole flowed oil- 1 of 2 4/10/2006 9:23 AM Simspson Core #26 Subsurface Report 509- Hole flowed oil - 12.0 ppg mud used 887/895- Pipe separation -fishing for pipe -hole freezing hard to pull out tools/fish file: ///D:/SCore26.htm1 1,090- 30 days spent circulating- no fish found, lost drill collar and 36 joints of pipe 1,171- moved rig and pump house (which was partially frozen in) reamed new hole to 370', bailed and saw trace of oil- tubing installed and well shut in 289' - 325' Perforated pipe with 144 shots -produced 110 bbls of oiUday Visited we119/15/2001 Plug Remarks: None Copies/Drawings of: A. Well Bare Schematics B. Completion Reports C. Abandonment Head 2 of 2 4/10/2006 923 AM 0' 200' 400' 600' 800' 1000' 1200' Simpson GorF TF • 306' hole flowed oil which filled mud pit and covered area around rig with about a foot of fluffy gas-cut oil. Mud partly frozen in the pipe; large ice crystals present in the oil. Oil flow decreased as hole froze. After reaming hole to 295', 95# mud killed the well for 1 an hour. Drilling shut down for seven days during cement equip. installation and rig engine repair. 35 bbls of 106# mud pumped in; well continued to flow gas-cut oil. When gas and oil mixed with and lightened the mud, flow increased. The pump couldn't ' circulate gas and oil cut mud properly. Circulation worsened. hole started to freeze. After reaming, hole was drilled deeper. 509' Hole flowed oil during drilling. 90# mud was pumped into it. 88T drill pipe parted @634', just below a tool joint; fish recovered in 12 hours. 895' drill pipe twisted off @ 652 ;drill collar and 22 joints of pipe were not recovered in 37hrs of fishing. Ice was reamed from the surface preparatory to setting casing. Hole continued to freeze and made it difficult to pull tools out. After reaming to 350', 70bb1 of heavy mud was pumped in. Water used in all reaming op's; oil continued to flow from hole. No heavy mud returned, but the oil flow ceased. Set 33 joints of 8 5/8", 29# casing @ 350' w{110 sx of Cal-Seal. Two days later, top of hole filled w/cement mix. OiI continued to contaminate new mud; pit cleaned out and more was mixed. 913' Hole reamed to 895' and drilled to 913' w{o finding top of fish at 652'. 1090' Three days spent trying to loosen fish; couldn't locate or wash loose 1171' Drill pipe twisted off @ 780'; 4 days of fishing couldn't find drill collar or 36 joints of pipe. Wall hook and 4 joints of pipe could not be recovered after becoming unscrewed. Hole began to freeze; ice reamed from the surface to 442'. The following day, rig and pump house removed from site; rig site bulldozed flat and rig replaced/raised 26' for clearance over well-head connections After reaming ice from surface to 370', hole alternately bailed and reamed of ice. Pefing of casing delayed 2 wks due to bad weather prohibiting air transport of equipment. After pefing the well, tubing head was installed and well shut in. r Attachment 2 ~- Top job: 5 sx of Cal-Seal, 5 sx of cement • Current Wellbore Diagram Ri Failing 1500-S Rotary Rig Simpson Core #26 S ud: August 13, 1950 Meridian Township Ran a Section Barrow --_ - _ Simpson Core Tests Umiat ' 18N 11 W ' AM 11 SL 54 mi suk At A GL: 20 MSL KB: 23 ga Current Wellbore Schematic 70° 55.919' N - 154° 42.684' W 71 mi 10 5/8" Hole 6 118" Hole vngma~ rcnc = a.u r~uvvee v~ 550' TD = 1171' PBTD = 1171' ~. i~~ '. i! . .~ .~~ .s .g ~' Max production =176 bbUday FormPress = 250 psig FlowingPress = 155 psig FormTemp = 14°F Simpson Core Test #26 Depth: 170' 110 sx of Cal-Seal Depth: 289'-325' Casing and Tubing Detail Size Wei ht T e Grade ID To Btm 8 5l8" 29 Conductor --- 7.993' 0 350 21/2" 6.5 Tubing --- 2.102" 0 210 `„ _ D rilling Fluids ,..x Base Depths Weight Additives Water 0-360 9.1-12.7 Aquagel, Baroid, Na,O~P~ ? f Water 306-860 8.33-12.0 Used water, then switch to 12 ppg mud Water 860-895 8.33-14.4 Used water, then switch to 14.4 ppg Water 895-913 8.6-10.4 Aquagel for drilling, Baroid to kill well Water 913-1171 9.2-10.6 - Water 1171 8.33-9.0 Reaming ops used fresh and salt water Formation Geology A e De the Shows Gubik Quaternary 03-87 - Seabee Upper Cretaceous -- --- Unconfarmity - 87 - Ninuluk/Seabee Undies Upper Cretaceous 8720 OiVGas Grandstand Lower Cretaceous 420-1171 - ease of Permafrost - - - Fish/Fill Information Item Date De th Comment A 10123!50 ? Well fluids (OiVGas) g 350 Salt water used to replace mud from 350' - 650' C 650 Rotary Drilling Mud left in hole p " ? Bit, Collar, DP and wall hook left in hole Producing Zone De th S f Uii Rate Gas Rate Grav Tem 289-325 4 spf 110 bbl/d 3 MCF/D 20° 21°F Drilling Mud ~ '~°-- ~~<'F Crude Oil & Gas Brine .r Oil show ~ Oil produced -3~ Gas show Gas produced ® Fluoresence-Cut Na4P207 Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate (controls pH levels) Cal-Seal Gypsum cement 24 4H 0/2006 • • Core Tests Simpson Area, Alaska By FLORENCE M. ROBINSON T~ith a section on Temperature Measurement Studies By MAX C. BREWER EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4 AND ADJACENT AREAS, NORTHERN ALASKA, 1944-53 PART 5, SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY AND ENGINEERING DATA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 305-L Prepared and published at the request of and in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, .WASHINGTON :1964 • ~ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, I}irector For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 r _.___ _ __ ,. __ ___ _ __ • Abstract------------------------------------------- Introduction--------------------------------------- Strueture;-------------------------------------- Acknowledgments_______________________________ StratiBTaphy--------------------------------------- Quaternary deposits----------------------------- Gubik Formation___________________________ Cretaceous rocks________________________________ Colville Group--------------------- ------- Seabee Formation_______________________ Nanushuk and Colville Groups_______________ Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferen- tiated------------------------------- Nanushuk Group___________________________ Grandstand Formation__________________ Description o f cores and cuttings _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Detailed lithologic descriptions __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Simpson core- Test 1--------------------------------- Test 2--------------------------------- Test 3--------------------------------- Test 4--------------------------------- Test 5--------------------------------- Test6-------------------------------- Test 7--------------------------------- Test 8--------------------------------- Test 9-------- ------------------------ Test 10-------------------------------- Test I1-------------------------------- Test 12-------------------------------- Test 13-------------------------------- Test 14-------------------------------- Test 14A------------------------------ Test15----------------- -------------- Test 16-------------------------------- Test 17-------------------------------- Test 18-------------------------------- Test 19-------------------------------- Test 20-------------------------------- Test 21-------------------------------- CONTENTS Pace 645 645 650 651 652 652 652 653 653 653 653 653 654 654 655 fi56 656 656 657 658 658 659 659 661 663 665 667 668 674 677 678 679 680 681 681 s81 682 682 Description of cores and cuttings-Continued Detailed lithologic descriptions-Continued Simpson core-Continued Test 22-------------------------------- Test 23-------------------------------- Test 24-------------------------------- Test 25-------------------------------- Test 26-------------------------------- Test 27-------------------------------- Test 25-------------------------------- Test 29-------------------------------- Test 30 and 30A________________________ Test 31-------------------------------- Minga velocity test 1____________________ Core analyses-------------------------------------- Porosity and permeability_______________________ Core analyses of Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 16, by S. T. Yuster_______________________ Sieve analyses---------------------------------- Heavy minerals-------------.------------------- Oiland gas---------------------------------------- Oiland gas shows------------------------------- Formation and production tests _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Gas and oil analyses---------------------------- Logistics------------------------------------------- Drilling operations---------------------------------- Foundations----------------------------------- Notesfrom drilling records----------------------- Core and drill bits------------------------------ Drilling mud----------------------------------- Hole deviation record___________________________ Electriclogging_________________________________ Velocity survey--------------------------------- Temperature survey ----------------------------- Temperature-measurement studies, by Max C. Brewer_ _ Simpson core test 13____________________________ Simpson core test 21____________________________ Simpson core test 28____________________________ Simpson core test 29____________________________ Literature cited------------------------------------- Index---------------------- ---------------------- nr Page 684 685 686 687 694 696 700 702 705 709 71I 712 712 713 713 713 714 714 715 71s 718 719 719 719 723 723 724 724 724 724 725 725 725 726 726 727 729 ~ CONTENTS ILLUSTRATION [Plates are in pocket] Pl.w~rES 44-46. Graphic logs of Simpson core tests. 44. Tests 1-12. 45. Tests 13-21 and Minga velocity test 1. 46. Tests 22-31. 47-49. Relative abundance of heavy minerals in Simpson core tests. 47. Tests 1-4 and 6-10. 48. Tests 13-17. 49. Tests 23-3I. 50. Geothermal profiles, Simpson core test 13, 21, 28, and 29. FIGURE 52. Index map of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, showing location of Peas test wells and oilfields______________________________________ 646 53. Map showing the Cape Simpson area____________________________ 647 54. Location of Simpson core tests 1-12_____________________________ 648 55. Location of Simpaon core tests 13-31 and Minga velocity test 1 _ _ _ _ 649 56. Minga velocity test 1 and camp______________ ------------------- 650 57. Failing drill rig and pump house at the site of Simpson core test 17_ _ _ _ 719 TABLES Paae TABLE 1. Statistics on the SimpsoneoretestsandMingavelocitytestl_______________________________________________ 651 2. Formation tops and position of unconformity within the Seabee Formation in the Simpson core tests and in Minga velocity test 1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 652 3. Porosity and permeability of samples from Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 28_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 712 4. Porosity, permeability, and fluid saturation of samples from Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 16____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 712 5. Sieve analyses, in percent, Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferentiated, Simpson core tests 26 and 30_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 713 6. Heavy-mineral zones in the Simpson core tests__________________________________________________________ 7I3 7. Characteristics of Cape Simpson seepage samples obtained in 1943_________________________________________ 714 8. Oil and gas shows, Simpson core tests__________________________________________________________________ 714 9. Cuts made with CC1, on Simpson core tests_____________________________________________________________ 715 10. Saturation tests, Ninuluk-Seabee Formations undifferentiated, Simpson core tests 26 and 27_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 715 11. Crude oil analyses from Simpson core test 26___________________________________________________________ 716 12. Crude oil analysis, 354 ft, Simpson core test 31__________________________________________________________ 717 13. Data on diesel fuel from Simpson crude oil, Simpson core test 31__________________________________________ 7I7 14. Fuel, lubricant, and water consumed (in gallons) in drilling the Simpson core teats on the east side of the peninsula_ 719 15. Drilling-mud characteristics in Simpson core tests 13 through 31 and Minga velocity test 1 _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 723 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4 AND ADJACENT AREAS, NORTHERN ALASKA, 1944-53 CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA By FLORENCE M. ROBINSON AsaTSacr The Simpson oii seeps were a major factor in leading to the establishment and exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 in northern Alaska. During the years 1945 to 1951. a total of 33 ]ZOles ranging in depth from 115 to .2,505 feet were drilled by the U.S. Navy and by Arctic Contractors under contract to the Navy on the Simpson peninsula in an attempt to obtain structural and stratigraphic information and to deter- mine the origin of the oil. In the course of exploration, Simpson oil field was discovered and a few holes were drilled to delimit its extent. The Seal>ee, Seabee and Ninuluk undifferentiated, and Grandstand Formations of Early and Late Cretaceous age, consisting of clay shale and alternate clay shale and sandstone, were penetrated. The oil wE~s found in several places at shallow depths trapped in very porous sandstone beneath an erosional unconformity of considerable relief. Two flowing wells were completed and oil was bailed from several other holes. Initial production from the discovery well, Simpson core test 26, was 110 barrels per day through a 2~~-inch line fmm perforations between 289 and 325 feet. The oil is 20° gravity API, has a paraffin base and a high pour point, and is difficult. to handle in cold weather. Some trouble was experienced because of permafrost. INTRODUCTION Oil seeps, found on the Arctic coast of Alaska were a major factor leading to the establishment and explora- tion of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 in northern Alaska (fig;. 52). Of the various seeps reported, the four Simp:;on seeps are the largest and are located within an area about 10 miles long and a few miles wide near Cape Simpson, 50 miles southeast of Point Barrow (fig. 53). These seeps have been known to white men since the late 1800's, and in the early 1920's were the locale of -some land speculation. They were set aside from public development in 1923, by executive order, as e~ part of Naval Petroleum. Reserve No. 4. During the exploration program from 1944 to 1953, conducted by the Navy and its contractors, 12 shallow holes (1-12) ware drilled on the west side of the penin- sula and 2]~ (13-3I plus 14A, 30A, and Mingo velocity test 1) on the east side. These core tests ranged in depth from I15 to 2,505 feet. In the summer of 1945 core holes 1 through 12 (fig. 54) were drilled 10 miles west of Cape Simpson, by Navy Construction Battalion Detachment No. 1058 to obtain subsurface information on structure, lithology, and age and to check results gained from other exploration methods. Seismic and gravity parties were working in the Simpson area concurrently . The first six core holes were drilled within a radius of less than 1 mile from Camp Simpson, which had been established previously. Unfamiliarity with the frozen ground of the region resulted in mechanical difficulties and the loss of drill pipe in the first two attempts to obtain a deep hole so core tests 1, 2, and 3 resulted from skidding the drilling rig three times. Core test 4 was located east-northeastward of 2 and 3 as one of two additional holes located at the apices of a triangle to determine the local dip of the beds. Core test 5 was to complete the triangle. No reliable correlation was obtained, but there was a suggestion of southeasterly dip. Therefore test 6 was located west of the camp to see if such dip could be picked up in the near-surface beds between 4 and 6. Core tests 7 through 10, drilled for further information, penetrated much the same section of alternate soft sandstone and clay shale of Cretaceous age. Test 11, however, the northernmost of the holes, revealed a predominantly clay shale column. The presence of slickensides and steep dips suggested faulting, so at the end of the season, test 12 was hurriedly drilled at an intermediate position between 10 and 11. Clay shale was penetrated. Much later the anomaly was explained as an uncon- formity. Difficulty with icing was found in almost all the tests. Core holes 6, 8, 9, and 10 had shows of oil, and an oil trap was indicated. On the basis of the information from the core tests and to a larger extent on seismic evidence, Simpson test well 1 was drilled in 1947 and 1948 (Robinson, 1959b). 645 rn 168° - 164° 160° 156° 152° __._ 14$° EXPLANATION Point Barro ~ TIC Barrows C O~EA _~ 2 5 Gas Well AR 3 SIMPSON OIL FIE D ¢ 6/ 5m4tk * e ^ ~,ov,'f 7 Bag 4 Abandoned well ,te~ Tes kpuk _ 1~` L¢ke I; ¢ ~ 8 9 l 70 Dry hole ~~® TESHEKPUK LAKE FtishCreek SECTION ~ 70' ARCTIC COA TAL _ J ~ ••___~ ~ -.~ 1.,12~~ Oil PLAIN RO' IN field ~ \~ 11'4 ~~- ~ ~ ,,•' - l _ " • 13 ~ ~ f ~ NAV L P TROLEUM ES RV ~ j ~: WHI E HILL ~ y i 14 •.~-- 15 ~ t ECTION _ ~ ~---.,.~ •. ~~ t ~ ~-~~~ FOOTHILLS UMIAT OIL FIELD 20\ ~ 16 1917 ~ 21~ ~ ~ 1 ~. , 8,~, U iat ~~,_ i ••i ' ORTHERN i FOOTHI ~,, `v`, z3~22,C%~~ SECTION .~ 1 1 • L N LS ,.-~ ' 4 2 ' • ~ • •.. •' Colville River ' . •• P OU.IN~RN I~~ --- ` FOOTHILLS gGZj - -I .••••,. •••...........•. ,........ ............... ~ i I S ~•.~. ~„-\ '- ~ A -- SECTION, _~~ 68° ' ~ ~ ~ - ------ ~ ____ _i ~~~ BROp ~-~ - KS ~ - -_ PROVINCE ____--- ~`-- 6$° ~ • ~.,~ RANGE --.. -~ 164° 152° 50 0 50 100 150 MILES L i i J i 1 South Barrow Test Well 1 7 Simpson Test Well I 13 Oumalik Test Well 1 19 Wolf Creek Test Well 3 2 South Barrow Test Well 2 8 Topagoruk Test Well 1 14 East Oumallk Test Well 1 20 Gubik Test Well 1 3 South Barrow Test Well 3 9 East Topagoruk Test Well 1 15 Square Lake Test Well 1 21 Gubik Test Well 2 4 South Barrow Test Well4 10 Fish Creek Test Wall 1 16 Titaluk Test Well 1 22 Knifeblade Test Well 1 5 Avak Test Well 1 11 Kaolak Test Well 1 17 Wolf Creek Test Well 1 23 Knifeblade Test Well 2 and 2a 6 North Simpson Test Well 1 12 Meade Test Well 1 18 Wolf Creek Test Well 2 24 Grandstand Test Well 1 e~ H °z c FIGURE 52.-Index map of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 showing location of test wells and o11 fields. CORE TESTS, SIIi~SON AREA, ALAS 71° u G;° ~rv 155° 154°3Q' 647 ,~ EXPLANATION Tangent ~Kulg rak Island _I Point ---ZS~ • ¢ ~ ~i o Dry hove e k a i ie Tulimanik Island s~ l ~ ~ a • _ Q c t t y ~ ore es r, F c _ _ _ _ ~ ~ LL. .6 "l Oil seep a -_ ~- ~ ° d LL "a D ~' a l APPROXIMATE MEAN U DECLINATION, 1963 ^ fir.- C' ('~ 'I~ 9 _ P-T a; - ° ~ _ U p o~ lJ ` toa cn ~ __ U ~`- 1[ '~ ~ ' ~ _ pp ~1~V.11 NORTH, ~I 50 ~ (` ~.~ ~ '~ 0 1 2 3 MILES • y ~} TEST WE 1 ~- U ~` -! ~°p ~ « ° e - o- b o ~ R' SEEP 1 - ~ > D E A S E - e _ ° _ • o•_ =a +- Lake 4 - °~ ,~ ° - _ ~. ~, ~. _ - - nn ,~~ _ ~'~ _ ~1'~` a" • ' Cape (},~ •• Simp EEP2 ( son fl ~ °~-~ -* ~ . ~ .p V ,,II_ - ~-- f -_ _ _ o SI M PSON TEST WELL 1 ~~~ ,tC~i =- ~ ¢ ~uc ~ ~ ~ SEA 2A : D 9 L Wright Point` ` n _ ~ -a _ ~ ~` ~~ V~~ ~ _ 3 _~ -,~-- p~ __~~ SEEP• 1 ~ ~ ~ Q _ ~ _ .S•l~ D Q - =~p ~ n ° -~=4 ~ ~ _ _0. t~ _ a` ~ O ^\ ~ _ ~"~ y 6= - 3Y - J ~,- R ~ ~i ~~ ale x V ~ _~ v - 'ADMIRALTY Q \ ~ +`~_ ~, '~ ,~ _ • _ ~ ~ ° ~ ~ y4 b _ rc---? SEEP ~ -_ ~~ ~, a ~ O o _ L~+ _ - ,"-_ ~~ _~j~(~ ,_ _~- = ~ LJ ~ ~. fl oaf _~. -~p• _ {~ ~ - _ - - - ~ ,, _ - A - _ .J ~ a~ _ ,~ _ ~ -_ - ~. ~ _ _ ~ d - .L _ O .~ , - ~ 1 33 ~' •4 - - Q ~ ae aY~ C ~` O .fix - - ~ '- A- _ - !t F[cvxa 53 -Map showing the Cape Simpson area. The insets represent figures 54 and 55, which show the location of the 9lmpson core tests. In 1949 Arctic Contractors (who drilled the rest of the core tests) began an expanded drilling program for the Navy on the east side of the peninsula near Cape Simpson to determine the origin of the big oil seeps. This area eventually became the location of the great- est concentration of subsurface studies in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4. Test 13, drilled near seep 2 (fig. 55), was completely cored excerpt for the last 200 feet and penetrated a section of Cretaceous clay shale to 661 feet and one of alternate Cretaceous clay shale and sandstones to a total depth of 1,438 feet. Core tests 14, 15, and 16, which were also drilled near seep 2 and penetrated alternate sandstone and clay shale, correlated with each other and with the section below 661 feet in test 13. When Simpson core test 14 was junked with a fish in the hole, the rig was skidded 70 feet west and 14A was drilled to check on a paleontologic marker near the upper part of the section. Simpson core test 17, which is north of but also close to seep 2 and the preceding tests, was .similar to test 13 in penetrating a thick upper clay shale section but with proportionately little sandstone. Tests 18 and 19- step-out holes farther to the west-reached no sand- stone at all. Test 20 to the northeast also penetrated almost all clay shale where sandstone might have been 648 EXPL~ION OF NAVAL PETROLEII1Vi RESERVE ?~, ALASSA, 1944-53 155"30' EXPLANATION 5 O Core test -SGO --~ ~ Contour on unconform~ty ,1° approximately located r" ~ ~ ~ ,~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~ ~ >~ fl ~'~ © ~~ '~ ~ ~ ~ .~ _.._ to' FEET / 0 5000 10,000 L~ . I I ~' / r ~~ ~ \ l~ ze _ ~ ~ ~-"" J e o~ /or ~ /r P ~/ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ~pll i e/.\ ~ ~ ~ 1 / ~ ~ "SA 1 =~C W ` ~ - ~ V y ~`/ ` l// / Datum is mean sea leve/ p 1~ _% ~~_\~ /p10 \ : SIMPSO~ EST ELL ~ Og +` ~' ~Y \~j Wright h Paint ^ ' .!'- ' ~ i 8 ~---~ ~~ ~ ` - - tJ ~, ; ~} -- 1 ~' f y L -105 ~ ~ ~6 l ~ ~~ 1 ) j ~ ~ ,,,r, ~ ~ ~,.t. ~ t ~~ ~ . C"` ,~ ~ p 4 V 283 ampSimp iii 1` +~ j ~: I 1 ~\ _~r'- -- - / \ ~ 10° 55' Ftovxx 54 -Location of Simpson core tests 1-12. The country is flat, marshy, and only a few feet a}wve sea level. expected. Moving farther away from seep 2, the con- tractors drilled hole 21 and reached sandstone at about 1,270 feet. Tests 13 through I7 had shows of oil, the best bein;; in 14 and 15. Core test 16 produced some gas. OVhile i;he results of drilling in the vicinity of seep 2 were being studied, two tests, 23 and 24, were drilled near seep 1, the northernmost seep. Both tests pene- trated approximately 580 feet of clay shale and went into a sandy section below, but test 23 had no shows and test 24 only a very poor one. Operations were suspendea! for the winter with the completion of Simp- son core test 24. In the spring of 1950 a rig was moved out onto the ice of Lake Minga (fig. 56), and a test hole was drilled to enable a seismograph crew to run a velocity test (see p. 724) and to determine whether the ground under the lake was frozen. (It was not.) This test penetrated 740 feet of the clay shale section and went into alternate sandstone and shale below. Drilling near seep 3, the southernmost seep, started in July with Simpson core test 25. After drilling through 20 feet of breccia, Simpson 25 penetrated the sandy section at 832 feet. Core tests 26 and 27 were very similar to core tests I4-16 with a long sandstone- shale section topping at 200 feet and like those core CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA 649 t54°a5' 4C' 35' - _, 1 ~ .'_ I ~ ~' ~, t ~~ s ~ i 7 71 70° 55' 71` FIGURE 55.-Location of Simpson core tests 13-37 and Minga velocity test i. 154°45' 40' 35. 55 65Q EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 4, _ _ "S~ __ _ T ~~- - ~: ': , ~~~~j.d~,~ ~_~U _ ='Y - ~ t .. ~~- _ ~: _~ Fi°uxa 56.-Mingo velocity test 1 and camp. tests had good shows of oil. Simpson core test 26 was completed in October 1950 and was the discovery well of the Simpson oil field, flowing at the initial rate of 110 barrels of oil and a small amount of gas per day through a 2'~-inch line from perforations between 289 and 325 feet. '.Che gravity was 20° API, the oil temperature 21°F, and the casing pressure 47 psi (pounds per square inch). Oil was bailed from core test 27 at the rate of 3 barrels per day, but the hole was abandoned. Simpson 28 (see below) was drilled in October 1950 at the same time as Simpson 26. Drilling continued through the winter and into 1951. Simpson core tests 29 and 30 were put down to determine the limit of pro- ductive area and to gain more information on structure. Test 29 went through a breccia to the sandstone section at about 450 feet. and was dry. Test 30 reached the sandstone at 200 feet and was bailed at the rate of 6 barrels of oil a day containing a very small amount of gas. Test 30 was abandoned on a fishing job before running; an electric log, so the rig was skidded 100 feet southwest and 30A was drilled. The strata were vir- tually the same in both holes and 5 barrels of oil was bailed per day from 30A. There was also a slight show of gas in 30A. Core test 31 was drilled near a small seep (2A) be- tween seeps 2 and 3. At 355 feet oil started to flow at an estunated rate of 120-125 barrels with 2,000-4,000 cu ft oi' gas per day. The hole froze, however, before a definitive production test was made. With the exception of core test 28, all the holes were drilledwith a Failing rotary rig. In order to check a possible: fault between core tests 14 and 22 and in an attempi~ to penetrate the sandy section, core test 28 was drilled ~mith a Cardwell rotary rig to a total depth of 2,505 feet. The test reached the sandy beds at 1,020 feet and had not completely penetrated them at total depth. There were no shows and faulting was not clearly demonstrated. Some statistics on the core tests are listed in table 1. STRIICTURE The gravity surveys made by the Navy and the reflection seismograph profiles made by United Geo- physical Co. covered the entire peninsula, but emphasis was originally not directed toward an interpretation of the shalloRr beds. The results of drilling, plus an evaluation of the uppermost part of the seismic profiles indicated that the Simpson seeps field is a stratigraphic trap or a series of traps formed by an erosional incon- formity within the Seabee Formation of the Colville Group (Upper Cretaceous). The oil occurs in the first sandstone, either in the basal part of the Seabee and Ninuluk Formations undifferentiated (Upper Creta- ceous) or in the Grandstand Formation of the Nanushuk Group (Lower Cretaceous), appearing beneath the unconformity. The highly porous sandstone regionally dips very gently east and is truncated by a deep canyon on a north-south line just west of the seeps. The oil is trapped on topographic highs on a ridge above the east wall of the canyon under the shaly Seabee Formation. The oil, found only about 300 feet below the surface, is seeping up, probably through cracks or fissures in the frozen ground. Figure. 55 shows the -500-foot contour drawn on the unconformity, based on seismic and subsurface data. There is a total of more than 1,400 feet of relief. In 1949, T. G. Payne, of the U.S. Geological Survey, suggested that the canyon to the west of the seeps is similar in origin to present-day submarine canyons (Payne, oral communication}. The slickensides, brec- cia, and other features formerly considered as indication of faulting are probably the result of slumping on the canyon walls, although a few small normal faults may be present. Steep dips, where not involved with slump blocks, probably represent initial dip on the surface of the unconformity. A similar stratigraphic trap exists on the west side of the peninsula near Simpson test well 1 and the first 12 core tests, although there is also some evidence of a shallow anticlinal structure in this area. Figure 54 shows the -500-foot contour on the unconformity, which was detected in North Simpson test well 1, located about 9 miles northwest of Simpson seep. The seismic profile (Robinson, 1959b, pl. 37} clearly shows its relief. Permafrost made drilling difficult in many of the core tests, particularly the first twelve. Except under large lakes and probably under the ocean, the perma- frost in the Simpson area extends to a depth of 800-900 feet (Brewer, 1958). Therefore the Simpson oil field producing horizons are wholly within the permanently frozen zone. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA 651 Tas>,E 1.-Statistics on the Simpson core tests ¢nd Ming¢ velocity test ~ [Latitude and longll;ude have been adjusted to the 1 :250,000 Alaska Reconnaissance Topographic Series, Teshekpuk and Barrow quadrangles, but are subject to correction. Elevations are approatmate. Many elevations given for kelly bushings may have been of thederriek floor. This distinction was not made in some of the records available to the author] •; ~-. Elevation (feet) Total Core test Latitude (nortb) Longitude (west) Spudded Completed depth (feet) Status Sellq (around bushing 1_____________.__ 70°55'42" 155°17'22" 21 27 June 25,1945 June 29,1945 116 Dry and abandoned. 2_____________.__ 70°55'39" 155°17'30" 21 29 June 30,1945 July 2,1945 226 Junked and abandoned. 3____________..__ 70°55'38.5" 155°17'30" ? 29 July 3, 1945 July 7, 1945 368 Do. 4_____________.__ 70°55'46" 155°15'52" 12 14 July 8, 1945 July 10, 1945 151 Dry and abandoned. 5--------------- 70°56'17" 155°16'45" 11 17 July 11, 1945 July 12, 1945 130 Do. 6_____________.__ 70°55'58" 155°18'33" 20 26 July 12, 1945 July 13, 1945 149 Do. 7_______________ 70°55'49" 155°18'09" 14 26 July 15,1945 July 25,1945 532 Do. 8_______________ 70°56'43" 155°1T38" 14 16 July 27, 1945 Aug. 3, 1945 580 Do. 9_____________.__ 70°57'27" 155°17'31" 8 11 Aug. 5, 1945 Aug. 7, 1945 320 Do. 10______________ 70°57'43" 155°17'32" 7 11 Aug. 8, 1945 Aug. 15, 1945 500 Do. 11______________ 70°58'49" 155°17'32" 1 3 Aug. 17, 1945 Aug. 26, 1945 580 Do. 12______________ 70°58'19" 155°17'30" 1 6 Aug. 27, 1945 Aug. 29, 1945 460 Do. 13______________ 70°58'58" 154°38'43" 27 33 June 9, ]945 July 20, 1945 1, 438 Do. 14______________ 70°59'12" I54°37'36" 29 34 July 21, 1949 Aug. 22, 1949 1, 270 Junked and abandoned. 14A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 70°59' 12" 254°3T 38" 27 30 Aug. 13, 1949 Aug. 15, 1949 290 Do. 15______________ 70°59'06" 154°38'09" 25 30 Aug. 16, 1949 Aug. 23, 1949 900 Do. 16______________ 70°59'00" 154°37'52" 24 28 Aug. 24, 1949 Aug. 31, 1949 800 Abandoned (flowed some gam) 17______________ 70°59'12" 154°38'33" 23 27 Aug. 31, 1949 Sept. 8, 1949 1, 100 Dry and abandoned. 18______________ 70°59'38" 154°40'13" 14 18 Sept. 10, 1949 Sept. 21, 1949 1, 460 Do. 19______________ 70°59'16" 154°42'57" 15 19 Sept. 23, 1949 Sept. 29, 1949 1, O6I Do. 20______________ 70°59'49" 154°35'19" 20 24 Oct. 5, 1949 Oct. 11, 1949 1, 001 Do. 21______________ 71°00'29" 154°36'54" 22 26 Oct. 13, 1949 Oct. 27, 1949 1, 502 Do. 22______________ 70°59'32" 154°36'15" 20 27 Oct. 29, 1949 Nov. 5, ]949 903 Do. 23______________ 71°02'04" 154°38'02" 15 18 Nov. 8, 1949 Nov. 16, 1949 . 1, 035 Do. 24______________ 71°01'46" 154°37'01" 8 lI Nov. 22, 1949 Nov. 28, ]949 901 Do. 25______________ 70°56'10" 154°42'12" 17 20 July 3, 1950 Aug. 12, 1950 1, 510 Do. 26___ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ 70°56' 08" 154°41' 04" 20 23 Aug. 13, 1950 Oot. 23, 1950 1, 171 Perforated 289-325 ft with I44 shots. Initial pro- duction 110 barrels of ~ oil per day, no water. Casing pressure 47 pounds per square inch shut in. 27______________ 70°56'07" 154°40'04" 24 29 Feb. 8, 1951 Mar. 14, 1951 1, 500 Abandoned (bailed oil). 28______________ 70°59'33" 154°40'16" 20 37 Sept. 5, 1950 Sept. 24, 1950 2, 505 Dry and abandoned. 29______________ 70°55'47" 154°41'31" 20 25 Oct. 31, 1950 Nov. 26, 1950 700 Dry and abandoned (bailed oil). 30______________ 70°55'51" 154°40'35" 2p 25 Nov. 30, 1950 Jan. 23, 1951 893 3unked and abandoned. 314'____________ 70°55'49" 154°40'51" 20 25 Jan. 23, 1951 Feb. 5, 1951 701 Abandoned (bailed oil). 31______,_______ 70°57'20" 154°37'44" 14 19 Mar. 20, 1951 Apr. 2, 1951 355 Initial production esti- mated 120 barrels per day, 2,000-4,000 cubic feet of gas, shut in. Minga__________ 70°59'00" 154°44'36" 0 5 Apr. 29, 1950 May 9, 1950 1, 233 Dry and abandoned. The oil discovered is a 20° API gravity parafin-base oil but has a high pour point and is not easily handled in cold weather. No estimates of reserves were made, as too little is known of the extent of the reservoirs, although closure seems to be measured in tens of feet and is of ver~r local extent. dCSNOwLBDCiMENTB The information presented in this report was derived from records of Arctic Contractors, the U.S. Navy, and the U.S. Geological Survey. These records include the geological and engineering reports of Construction Battalion Detachment No. 1058; the daily, weekly, and completion reports of Arctic Contractors; the geophysi- cal reports oi` United Geophysical Co. and of the U.S. Geological Survey;and descriptions of cores and cuttings and analyses made by the Navy Oil Unit, Branch of Alaskan Geology of the U.S. Geological Survey, which maintained a laboratory in Fairbanks, Alaska for this purpose. Unless otherwise indicated, the samples were described by the author. A few electric logs were run by Schlumberger VYell Surveying Corp. but most were run with a well In- strument Developing Company logger. A gas analysis was made by the National Bureau of Standards and the oil analyses by the U.S. Bureau of Mines. The pelecypods and ammonites were identified by George Gryc, of the U.S. Geological Survey, and fish and fish scales by D.H. Dunkle of the National Museum; the microfossils were studied by H. R. Bergquist and 652 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4; ALASE:A, 1944-53 Helen 'Cappan Loeblich of the U.S. Geological Survey. The heavy minerals were identified and zoned by R. H. J~lorris of the U.S. Geological Survey as a part of a study made of the whole reserve. S. T. Yuster, U.S. Geological Survey, made some core analyses of Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 16. T. G. Payne con- tributed much toward an interpretation of the struc- ture in the Simpson area as a part of his regional studies of the reserve. STRATIGRAPHY The strata penetrated by the shallow core holes in the Sixripson area consist of the Gubik Formation, the Seabee Formation, the Seabee and Ninuluk Formations, undifferentiated, and the Grandstand Formation. The thicknesses of these formations vary considerably be- cause of the presence of at least one unconformity of considerable relief. Table 2 is a summary of the forma- tion tops as found in the Simpson core tests and in Mingo velocity test 1 as interpreted by the author. Refined. paleontologic identifications might lead to some alterations, particularly to a division between the Seabee and Ninuluk Formations. QUATERNARY DEPOBZTB (3IIBIH FORMATION The Gubik Formation of Pleistocene age mantles the area. It ranges in thickness from 8 feet (Simpson test welt 1) to 110 feet, but in most of the tests is 80-85 feet thick. The formation is made up of interbedded clay, silt, sand, and gravel; the color of the beds is olive gray or gray with a yellowish cast. The upper 5Q feet of the formation commonly is soft clay, which has scattered thin beds of silt and sand. Rare lixnonitic and car- bonaceous streaks are present. The formation grades to argillaceous sand and gravel near the base. The sand grains range in size from very fine to very coarse and a large proportion of them are well rounded. The larger the grain, the more apt it is to be rounded. The sand grains consist of clear, yellow, and white quartz plus a smaller amount of varicolored (green, red, and other) chert. Granules and pebbles of black, dark- gra3*, and yellow chert, quartz, limestone, and quartzite make up the gravel. In some places these pebbles are imbedded in clay or sand. OPhite fragments of pele- cypods and gastropods and calcareous Foraminifera and ostracodes are relatively common in the clay and silt beds. Tnsr.E 2.-Formation tops and position of unconformtty within the Seabee Formation in the Simpson core tests and in Minga velocity test 1 Formations (depth in feet) Cote tests Qnbik Formation Seabee Formation Unconformity Ninuluk and 6eabee Formations undifferentiated ~ Qrandstand Formation (total depth) 1--------------------------------- --------- 6-83? -------------- -------------- --------- ----- 83?-116 2------------- ----------------------------- 8-77? -------------- -------------- ----- --------- 77?-226 3-------------- ---------------------------- -------------- -------------- ----- --------- -------------- 80?-388 4------------------------------------------ 2-81 -------------- -------------- -------------- 81-151 5------------- ------ ----------------------- 6-50? -------------- -------------- -------------- 50?-130 8------~------------------------------------ 6-79 -------------- -------------- ----------- --- 79-149 7------------------------------------------ 12-72 -------------- ------------- - -------------- 72?-532 8------------------------------------------ 2-65 -------------- -------------- --------- ----- 65-580 9------~------------------------------------ ~~ -------------- ------ -------- -------------- 83-320 10----------------------------------------- 4-63 -------------- ----------- --- -------------- 63-500 11-----~------------------------------------ 2-80 2380-580 -------------- -------------- -------------- 12------------------------------------ -- 5-67? aa87?-460 ---- - ------- ------- -------------- --- 13------------- ------------------ --------- 20-87 87-661 -- ----661 -------------- 661-1,438 14 and 14A_________________________________ 25-85 85-250 250 250-550 550-1,270 15_________________________________________ 35-75 75-235? 235? 235?-555 I 555-900 16_____.------------------------------------ 4-80 80-250? 250? 250?-550 I, 550-800 17_____-______________~______________________ 20-80? 80?-568 568 568-710 ' 710-1,100 18----------------------------------------- 10-90? 390?-1,460 -------------- -------------- ---- ---------- 19----------------------------------------- 20-SO 380-1,061 -------------- -------------- -------------- 20----------------------------------------- 4-85 385-1,001? (Possibly 980) -------------- ---~---------- 21_____,____-_ __ ---------------------------- 10-85 85-1, 265 1, 320 ______________ 1, 265-1, 502 22----------------------------------------- 7-85 385-903 ------------ -------------- __ 23----------------- - -------------------- 3-110 110-575 575 -------------- 575-1,035 24----------------------------------------- 3-85 85-580 580 -------------- 580-900 25___________________ ___________ ----------- 10-110 110-832 832 ______________ 832-1,510 26_________________________________________ 3-87 ______________ (Possibly 87) 87-420 420-1,171 27_________________________________________ No samples 102-146 146 146-450 450-1,500 28_________________________________________ No samples 120-1, 020 1, 020 _____ 1, 020-2, 505 29----------------------------------------- ?-85 85-490 490 -------------- 490-700 30 and 3,OA_________________________________ 5-85 85-143 143 143-445 445-693 31----------------------------------------- 5-110? I10?-186 186 3186-355 -------------- Minga velocity test 1________________________ 5-85 85-610 610 610-740 740-1,233 Not readily identified in core tests 1-12, if present included in the Qrandstsad Formation. r Or possibly Sebmder Bluff Formation. = Total depth. CORE TESTS, SIMPS013 AREA, ALAS Surficial material consisting primarily of the Gubik Formation •was used for mud in drilling all the Simpson core tests, so contamination from this formation, par- ticularly of the rounded sand grains and often of the microfossils, is present in most of the holes. CRETACEOIIB ROCKS COLVILLE OROUP SEABB& FOBHIATION The youngest Cretaceous rocks in this area belong to the marine Seabee Formation of Late Cretaceous age. This formation is an unvarying sequence of soft light- to medium-light-gray clay shale or shalt' clay containing rare thin beads and partings of siltstone. The clay shale has poor to excellent cleavage, also some hackly cleav- age. Very rare very fine grained sandstone laminae and hard medium- to medium-dark-gray limestone beds up to about a foot thick are also present. Some of the limestone contains mica and carbonaceous flecks. As this formation overlies an unconformity of con- siderable re+lief which forms a fossil submarine canyon, the basal beds contain some reworked material. This generally consists of sandstone beds that resemble those below except that they contain a large amount of mica- ceous (biotite, sericite, and chlorite) and argillaceous material. Some bentonite is present throughout the basal strata, ordinarily not in regular beds but finely disseminated. The bases of the formation in Simpson core tests 25 and 29 co~atains 20-40 or more feet of breccia. In core test 2.5 the breccia consists of angular fragments up to 2 inches in diameter of medium light-, medium-, and mediuun-dark-gray clay shale, bluish-gray clay shale, brownish-yellow clay ironstone, small coal chips, and exceedingly scarce small rounded black chert peb- bles in a sandy matrix. In core test 29 the breccia has a claystone. or sandstone matrix and consists of angular fragments up to an inch in diameter of dark-gray and black coal;y material, medium-light-gray clay shale, light-gray bentonitic clay, grayish-yellow clay iron- stone, medium-light-gray medium-grained sandstone, and scarce rounded black chert pebbles. These breeci.a fragments can be readily identified as having come from tha immediately subjacent formations. On the sides of the submarine canyon, large slump blocks of the Seabee and Ninuluk or Grandstand Formation's are found. Slickensides and fault gouge are the result of minor faulting and slumping associated with these blocks. Dips up to 25° near the very base of the formation may represent deposition on the walls of the can~ron. The thickness of the Seabee Formation as determined in the core tests is extremely variable, depending on the relief of the unconformity below. More than 1,300 653 feet of the formation is present in the middle of the canyon (Simpson core test 18). The age of the formation is probably early Late Cretaceous on the basis of the presence of the ammonite Borisszakocer¢s sp. in two different cores from Simpson core test 18. Should Borissi¢kocer¢s in northern Alaska prove to range into younger beds, the age of this formation could be younger accordingly. The microfossils present are characteristic of the Colville Group in general and not of the Seabee Formation in particular. A few shows of oil were found in clastic basal beds of this unit. NANII9H[7l~ AND COLVILLE G4ROIIP6 NIIPIILD'% AAD S$ABBS FOBMATIONS, IINDIFFEB$NTIATBD At some time within the period of deposition of the Seabee Formation, sedimentation was interupted and erosion, probably under marine conditions, took place. The relief developed was of considerable magnitude in the Simpson seeps area. A canyon more than 1,300 feet deep was farmed trending roughly north- south on a Line west of the present seeps (fig. 55) near Cape Simpson. With such relief the sedimentary rocks underlying the unconformity vary considerably. In the east wall of this fossil canyon they consist of a series of beds ranging from a bentonitic clay shale at the top to fine-grained sandstone alternating with carbonaceous shale at the base. The bentonitic beds near the top form a very distinct lithologic unit approx- imately 50 feet thick. It is made up of light- to medium-dark-gray clay shale interbedded with thin beds of bentonite just a few inches thick. The ben- tonite is light colored-white, light gray, yellowish gray, bluish gray-and contrasts with the dark shale- Paper-thin interbeds of these rocks present a varved appearance through certain parts of the section. The clay shale is soft and breaks easily parallel to the bedding; the bentonite is relatively hard to crumbly when dry but swells tremendously in water. The ben- tonite -may contain brown euhedral plates of biotite. Scarce layers of hard dense gray limestone a few inches thick are also characteristic of the bentonite zone. A very small amount of carbonaceous and coaly mate- rial is present as well as thin beds of siltstone and sandstone. Several species of Late Cretaceous fossils are quite common. Flattened specimens of Inocer¢mus la,bi¢tus Schlotheim, an important index fossil in North America of the early Turonian (Jones and Gryc, 1960), and the ammonite Borissi¢kocera.s sp. {Cobban and Gryc, 1961) are present. In addition, the darker shales are filled with brown fishbone fragments. Some large scales almost an inch in diameter and even a fish skeleton were found. The scales have been identified 654 EXP~f.TFON OF NAVAL PETROLEmvi RESERVE ~4, ALASKA, 1944-53 as that of either Portheus (Hy~sodon) or Ichthyodectus by D. H• Dunkle of the National Museum. Radio- laria are abundant and a few calcareous Foraminifera !, are found• This particular bentonite-Inoceramus zone (or a series of such zones stratigraphically close to each other} is distinctive of the Seabee Formation and is one of the best horizon markers in the northeastern part of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4. On the surface at Umiat it has been correlated with the "black paper shale zone" b~ fie.ld geologists. A 20-foot sandstone underlying the bentonite- Inacerarrcus zone is similar to the 40-foot sandstone described lower in the Seabee Formation, but the 20- foot 1>ed is very "dirty" and has abundant biotite and some muscovite, chlorite, glauconite, and pyrite. 1n the Simpson area, 100 feet below the bentonite- Ir~ace;ramus labiatus zone is another section approxi- rriately 30 feet thick containing similar bentonite and clay shale. But this section characteristically contains beds .of dull black coal or lignite up to 2 feet thick and Lacks the fossils (except for a few Radiolaria) in the zone above. Black plant fragments are present instead. 'T'his lower bentonite-coal zone seems lithologically more typical of the uppermost part of the Ninuluk Formation. (See the Ninuluk section in Titaluk test well ]., Robinson, 1959a, p. 378.) Immediately below the second bentonite zone (a good example of this succession is to be seen in Simpson core test 27) is a 40-foot-thick sandstone, which is the major oil-producing horizon in the Simpson field. The sandstone is medium light gray, fine grained, and is made up of 75-85 percent white and clear quartz; the remainder is dark chert, biotite, pyrite, and rock fragments; grains are subangular to subrounded. The sandstone is very soft and friable. Grayish-yellow clay ironstone and black carbonaceous partings are present. Effective porosity of the sandstone was tested as 33 percent and the air permeability as 385 miIlidarcys. Simpson core test 26 was completed in this zone and it probably is the producing bed in Simpson 31. Core test 26 was completed in the coal- bentonite beds just short of the sandstone, but the oil is probably coming up from the sandstone. At the base of the Ninuluk and Seabee sequence is a 70-foot section of soft medium-light- to medium-gray cla}= shale that has poor to fair cleavage. The clay shale contains carbonaceous partings, and dull black brittle coal in beds up to a foot thick are interbedded with it. Carbonaceous plant remains and grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretions are common. One 9-inch layer of very hard light-olive-gray dense lime- stonE; that contained minute micaceous and carbona- ceous particles was noted. At the base of the sequence some thin beds of very soft sandstone were found. The upper bentonite-Inoceramus labiatus part of this 300-foot section is without a doubt a part of the Seabee Formation. Farther down the section the sandstone becomes cleaner and coal and carbonaceous material appear. Coal in beds as thick as 1 foot have never, to the author's knowledge, been described in the Seabee Formation, but the bentonite-coal combina- tion appears in the Ninuluk Formation in the upper part of Titaluk test well 1. The coal and associated ironstone concretions are also typical of the. NanuShuk Group. Sandstone containing a considerable amount of biotite is found elsewhere in the subsurface of Naval Petroleum Reserve No_ 4 in the Seabee Formation. Radiolaria ordinarily present in the Colville Csroup are found in the cutting samples as low as the base of the second bentonite zone, but considering the condi- tion of the samples, they could be contamination from the prolific Inoceramus labiatus zone above. In summary, this 300-foot section has characteristics of both the Seabee and the Ninuluk Formations and the author at this time cannot determine a break. Else- where in the Reserve there is evidence for an uncon- formity between the Nanushuk and Colville Groups. The possible I~Tinuluk Formation (the beds containing the coal?) in the Simpson area is unusually thin, so the unconformity may be present in this section, too. A very small part of the Ninuluk and Seabee sequence is probably present in some of core tests 1-10, but samples are poor and no electric logs are available. Determination of the contacts is virtually impossible. .All beds not clearly of the Gubik Formation or of the Colville Group have been placed in the Grandstand Formation. NANU6E-rL7% QROUP 6RAND3TAAD FOEMATIOR The Grandstand Formation of Early Cretaceous age underlies the Ninuluk and Seabee sequence and appears to be conformable with it. Simpson core test 28, the "deep" test, penetrated 1,500 feet of the Grandstand Formation and was still in it at total depth. In this particular test, however, the uppermost 400 feet of the formation has been cut out by the unconformity. (See Structure, page 650.) The composite thickness of the Grandstand Formation drilled in the Cape Simpson area is then about 1,900 feet- The formation consists of about half sandstone-silt- stone and half clay shale. The clay shale is medium light gray to medium gray, is moderately soft, has fairly good cleavage and micaceous-carbonaceous partings, and is somewhat silty in places. The sandstone is medium light gray, is very fine to medium grained, and is very soft. Often the _ cores CORE TESTS, SII4IPS collapsed into piles of sand upon thawing. This is particularly true of the coarser grained sandstone beds , neat' the top of the formation. The grains are sub- angular to subrounded and consist of 75 percent or more white and clear quartz ; the remainder is dark gray and black chart, coal particles, and rock fragments. In parts of the section, garnet was abundant enough to be especially noticed, and in certain of the beds about 300 feet below the top of the Grandstand there are (in finer grained beds) yellow grains of quartz (or possibly siderite). Locally, in core tests 23 and 24 near seep 1, beds near the top of the formation are very fine to fine grained, contain muscovite (or sericite?) , chlorite, and biotite. I:n the core tests near seeps 2 and 3, apparently correlative beds are unusually "clean" and are fine to j medium grained. The larger the grain size, the larger the proportion of dark chart; the quartz and chart combination lends a typically salt-and-pepper appear- ance to the cores. As is true in the Grandstand Formation elsewhere; the grain size of the sandstone decreases with depth. The siltstone is identical to the sandstone but has a smaller grain size. Because they were poorly consolidated, the sandstone cores did n.ot lend themselves to testing for porosity and permeability. The one effective porosity test made at 699' feet in Simpson 13 gave 28 percent, and two tests in Simpson 28 at 1,385 feet and 2,503 feet show 35 and 22.5 percent respectively. The permeability of the latter two plugs measured 700 and 71 millidarcys. The sample from 699 feet was too soft to test. The po- rosity and permeability of the poorly consolidated beds must be considerably higher than those tested. Shows of oil were found in this sandstone but apparently it lies too low structurally to produce oil. Carbonaceous material is not common in this forma- tion. A few plant remains in the clay shale and very rare thin beds of lignite are present in the upper 200 feet. Some yellowish-b ay clay ironstone occurs in both the :;andstone and clay shale. Hard medium- to medium-dark-gray limestone was found very rarely. Bentonite may be present at one place in the section (1,720 ft in Simpson 28}. Pale-green clay occurs at 2,320 feet in the same test. The formation is marine as indicated by microfossils, sparsely distributed near the top of the formation and more abuindantly below the Verneuilinoides borealis fauna (Ta.ppan, 1960, p. 283}. The highest occurrence of Ditrupa sp., a worm tube, is valuable in this area as a horizon marker. Inoceramus fragments and prisms are common. Gastropods and other pelecypods are present. DESCRIPTION OF CORES AND CIITTINGS Core holes 1-6 were described by Lt. J. S. Templeton and core :holes 7-12 by Lt. G. O. Ralf of the U.S. Navy ON AREA, ALASi~ 655 at the time the hole was being drilled. The cores were then skeletonized and sent (in 1948?) to the Fairbanks laboratory of the U.S. Geological Survey in cloth sample bags. The samples (small pieces of each core} were later transferred to V~ashington, D.C., for micro- faunal studies, and all were eventually used except for a few samples from Simpson core test 8. The author had the opportunity to examine some of the samples from this core test. Judging from the original description and the condi- tion of the cores from Simpson 8, the core samples were poor. Some of the cores had the quality of well cut- tings; others were in better condition, particularly if the formation drilled was a little harder than average. The following descriptions of core tests 1-12 are the originals, but sections that the author believes show contamination have been deleted, for the most part. The graphic logs on figures 6-8 were drafted from the edited descriptions. The cores from Simpson core tests 13-31 and Minga velocity test that were described by the author were in fairly good condition unless otherwise indicated in the description, but the cuttings were very poor. The formations are soft and disintegrate easily in water and were ground up by the drill bit. In addition no shale shaker was used, most of the holes were not cased, many of the mud pits were bulldozed from the tundra, and the surf~cial material was used in the mud. The author made frequent use of the electric log as a guide in preparing the graphic lithology column. Possibly discrepancies between the graphic log and the written log may be explained by this fact. Core tests 13-15 were cased and the cuttings were not badly contaminated by the Gubik Formation, but the cuttings from 18-20, 22, 24, and 25 were particularly poor. These holes penetrated soft thick shale sections. In test 26 the samples near the surface were badly contaminated by the Gubik Formation and by rocks below it, which consisted mostly of Cretaceous sand. In this test the flow of oil prevented sampling through some sections. In Simpson 27 the cutting samples below 800 feet were extremely poor. The samples from 28, which was drilled with a Cardwell rig, were of better quality although there are places in which the ditch lithology seemed to have a 10-foot lag compared to the electric log. The graphic log here was plotted to match the electric log, but the written lithology was described at the depth labeled on the sample can. Core tests 26-30, 30A, 31, and Minga 1 were cased. All material from core tests 13-31 and Minga velocity test 1 was described dry; colors were determined by comparison with the National Research Council "Rock- color Chart" (Goddard and others, 1948}. The term "trace" as used here is defined as less than 3 percent 656 EXPLION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE ~, ALASgA, 1944-53 and mostly Iess than 1 percent. Clay ironstone is a sideritic dense rather hard mudstone that generally effervesces very slowly in cold dilute hydrochloric acid. The datum from which the depths are measured is the elevation of the top of the rotary drive bushing. However, the records are not clear, and the datum may have been the derrick floor. There is very little differ- ence in elevation between derrick floor and kelly bushin3;. The abundance of microfossil specimens listed at the beginniing of the core descriptions is defined as follows: 1-~4 verry rare, 5-11 rare, 12-25 common, 26-50 abun- dant, send more than 50 very abundant. The process of exarnining the samples for microfossils in the earlier core tests was not as systematic as the methods devel- oped later, and information on microfossil occurrence on some tests is not complete. The lack of mention of microfossils in cores should be understood to mean either ('a) the sequence was not sampled for microfossils, or (b) the results were not available to the author at the tirn.e of this writing (1956). It does not necessarily mean that such fossils are absent. :DETAILED LITHOLO(}IC DESCB.IPTIONB SnraPSON coRE TEST >< [Loa~tton and other date gfven on plates 44-46. where no core is listed, description is based on cutting samples] Core (Depth (feat) I Des¢iption 0-6 6-16 16-26 26-28 28-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-55 Peat and ice, also includes distance between kelly bushing and ground. No recovery. No recovery. Recovered 6 in.: Clay, dark-blue-gray, locally mottled and streaked with yellowish gray; tough and massive; position doubtful; occurs be- tween 26 ft and 28 fL. Sand, grayish-brown, very fine, silty, mostly angular, and well-sorted. Recovered 5 ft: Clay, dark-blue-gray, locally mottled and streaked with yellowish gray; contains very small amount of silt and very fine sand; scattered rounded chert pebbles ~s-fie in. in diameter; some carbonaceous streaks; tough and massive. Recovered 5 ft: Clay, dark-blue-gray, locally mottled and streaked with yellowish gray; contains very small amount of silt and very fine sand, a few rounded ehert pebbles his-~ in. in diameter, some carbonaceous streaks, and small shell fragments; tough and massive. Recovered 5 ft: Clay, same as above, except that pebbles are smaller (die-%s in.) and shell frag- ments rare. Recovered 1 ft: Shale, gray, locally mottled and streaked with yellowish gray, slightly silty and sandy; s few rounded black chert pebbles as much as ~ in. in diameter; some car- bonaceous streaks; firm and massive; probably recovered from 50 to 55 ft. 6IMP90N CORE TE6T 1-Continued Core f Depth (feet)' Description 8 55-65 Recovered 1 ft: Shale, as in core 7, but contains mere silt and sand; much softer, and bentonitic. 9 65-72 Recovered Oft: Clay, dark- to yellowish-gray; contains a Iittle silt and fine sand, a few small (~/is~s in.) we}1-rounded polisbed chert pebbles, and some small shells; very tough and massive; pebbles of gray limestone, grayish-brown quartzite, and black and green chert were reported from the cut- ting samples.. 10 72-76 Recovered I ft: 5 in., shale, yellowish-gray to gray; contains a little silt and very fine sand; bentonitic; soft and faintly laminated; locally con- tains a few small shell fragments and carbonaceous streaks. 7 in., quartzite, grayish-white, flue to me- dium grained, very hard and massive; probably recovered from a boulder or cobble. 11 76-83 No recovery. 12 83-86 Recovered 3 ft: Shale, gray; large amounts of silt and fine sand; in poorly defined beds'/a-1 in. thick; very soft. Top of Grandstand Formation at about 83 ft. 13 86-89 No recovery. 14 89-101 No recovery. 15 101-116 No recovery. (3IMP90N CORE TE6T 8 Q-18 18-25 25-30 3Q-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 Peat and ice (driller's description), includes distance between kelly bushing and ground. Sand, grayish-brown, fine (driller's descrip- tion) . Clay, light-gray, silty and sandy, soft and massive; contains numerous fragments of subbituminous coal, s4 in. in maximum diameter. Clay, slate-gray, lightly mottled with gray and olive gray; very tough, plastic, and massive; contains a very few small shell fra cuts and a very few sandstone pebbles sin. in maximum diameter. Clay, dark-bluish-gray, lightly mottled and streaked with yellowish gray; slightly silty and. sandy; very tough and massive. Clay as above; mottled and streaked with yellowish gray and grayish cream; contains a few carbonaceous streaks and shell frag- ments and rare masses of soft earthy limonite as much as '/a in. in diameter. Clay as above; no carbonaceous streaks or small limonite masses. Clay, yellowish-gray, streaked with dark- bluish-gray; contains a very few chert peb- bles, carbonaceous streaks, and small shell fragments. Clay, as above. Clay, dark-blue-gray, lightly mottled with yellowish-gray; sandy and silty; contains a few small pebbles and shell fragments; very tough and massive. Clay as from 60-65 ft, yellowish-gray, streaked and mottled with bluish gray; has less sand and silt and contains small fragments of subbituminous coal. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASK~ EIIMP90N CORE TEST 2-Continued Core Depth (feeit} Description 70-76 Clay, dark-slate-gray, lightly mottled with yellowish gray; bentonite; contains numer- ous rounded pebbles, mostly composed of dark chart as much as ~ in. in diameter and sand, silt, and small shell fragments; tough and massive. I 76-81 Recovered 5ft: I ft 2 in.: clay, slate-gray to gray; in places lightly mottled with pale gray; contains a little silt and sand and a few small rounded pebbles of desk chart; tough, sticky, and massive. Top of Grandstand Formation at approximately 77 ft. 3 ft 10 in.: clay as above; layers of coal up to ~ in. thick. 2 81-87 Recovered 5 ft: Clay as in core 1, lower interval; ranges from tough to soft and contains small shell fragments. 3 87-93 Recovered 5ft: Clay as above; no pebbles. 4 93-101 Recovered 5 ft: 2 ft 10 in., clay as above; masses of greenish- gray very argillsceous and silty fine and mostly angular sand; contains numerous small coal fragments. 2 ft 2 in., clay and sand as above; no coal fragments. 5 101-106 Recovered 5 ft: 1 ft 4 in., clay, dark-slate-gray to gray, locally mottled with yellowish gray; con- f tains a little intermixed silt and sand and I numerous small coal fragments; tough, sticky, and massive. 3 ft 8 in., clay as above; no coal fragments. 6 106-111 Recovered 5 ft: 2 ft 6 in., clay as above, coal fragments. 2 ft 6 in., clay as above, no coal fragments. 7 11I-115 Recovered 4 ft: 3 ft, clay, dark-slate-gray to gray, locally mottled with yellowish gray; contains a little intermixed silt and sand; tough, sticky, and massive. 1 ft, clay as above, coal fragments. 8 115-120 Recovered 5 ft: Clay as above; numerous small fragments of coal. 9 120-130 Recovered 5 ft: 10 in., coal, subbituminous. 9 in., clay as above; numerous small frag- ments of coal. 3 ft 5 in., clay as above; no coal fragments. 10 130-135 Recovered 5 ft: 11 in., clay as above; no coal fragments; numerous thin (~8-'~z in.} layers of pale gray soft and laminated silt. 3 ft 7 in., clay as above; no layers of silt. 6 in., clay as above; a few small coal frag- ments. lI 135-140 Recovered 3 ft 8 in: 2 ft, clay as above; no coal fragments. I ft, coal, subbituminous. 6 in., coal, subbituminous; thinly inter- bedded with greenish-gray argillaceous silty very fine to fine sand. 2 in., clay, blue-gray, silty, soft, laminated. 12 I40-145 Recovered 3 ft 7 in.: 6 in., sand, gray, fine, slightly argillaceous, silty; mostly angular grains. 3 ft l in., sand, greenish-gray, fine, clayey and silty; contains numerous thin (f "z in.j layers of bluish-gray silty and sandy soft and massive clay and sub- ~ bituminous coal. BIMP80N CORE TE6T 2-Continued 65i Core Depth (feet) Description 13 145-155 Recovered 2 ft lI in.: Sand, greenish-gray, very fine to fine, argil- laceous and silty, and chiefly angular. 14 155-162 Recovered 4 ft 4 in.: 1 ft lI in., sand as in core 13. 1 ft 6 in., clay, dark-gray; streaked and mottled with light-gray; silty and sandy, firm, tough, laminated to massive. 11 in., sand as in core 13, but dark-greenish- gray and has a higher clay and silt content. 15 162-I70 Recovered 7 ft 4 in.: 2 ft 2 in., sand as in core 13; thin layers of pale-bluish-gray firm and laminated to massive silt; dark-gray slightly silty and sandy tough and massive clay and sub- bituminous coal. 5 ft 2 in., clay, dark-gray, locally very silty and sandy, or with streaks of silt and sand as above; ~z-in. layer of coal present 1 ft below top of unit. 16 170-180 Recovered 7 ft: 5 ft, clay, dark-gray, silty and sandy; a few thin layers of pale-yellowish-gray firm and laminated to massive silt. 2 ft, sand, greenish-gray, very fine to fine, argillaceous and silty; mostly angular and finely Laminated to massive. 17 180-190 Recovered 5 ft: 2 ft 3 in., sand, greenish-gray, very fine to fine, argillaceous and silty; mostly angular and finely laminated to massive. 6 in., sand as above but more argillaceous; numerous laminae of subbituminous coal. 2 ft 3 in., sand as above but very silty. 18 190-200 Recovered 8 ft: 3 ft, sand, greenish-gray, very fine to fine, argillaceous and silty; mostly angular and finely laminated to massive. 1 ft, clay, deep-gray, silty and sandy; thin streaks of fine sand, silt, and coal. 3 ft 4 in., clay, deep-bluish-gray, slightly silty and sandy, tough and massive; a very few thin streaks of very fine silty greenish-gray sand. 8 in., sand, as in first interval above but more argillaceous and silty and very fine grained. 200-214 No sample; driller's recorded depth of 202 ft found to equal 216 ft. 19 214-226 Recovered fi ft 3 in.: 3 ft, sand as in core above, heavily inter- bedded with thin layers of blue-gray soft massive to laminated silt; also contains a few thin beds of dark-blue-gray s~1ty, sandy, massive clay; numerous thin laminae of subbituminous coal. 3 ft 3 in., sand and silt as in upper part of core, interbedded in about equal propor I tions. 9IA~II'BON CORE TEST 3 0-228 228-238 238-248 No description made because core test 2, which was cored to a depth of 226 ft, was only 50 ft from core test 3. Top of Grand- stand Formation may be at about 80 ft. Recovered 5 ft: 3 ft 6 in., sand, gray, fine. 1 ft 6 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty and sandy, very soft and massive. No recovery. 723-826 O 64 2 65~> E~RATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERV)~. 4, ALASgA, 1844-53 BIMPBON CORE TEST 3-COntinned I BIMPBON CORE TEST 4~ontLnned Core I Depth (feet) ~ Des¢iption 3 248-258 Recovered 7ft: 1 ft, shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty and sandy, very soft and massive. 1 ft, sand, greenish-gray, fine, and argil- laceous. 5 ft, shale as above; locally greenish-gray and sandy. 4 258-268 Recovered 5 ft 6 in: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty and sandy, very soft and massive; locally greenish-gray and sandy. 5 268-278 Recovered 5ft: 1 in., coal. 4 ft 11 in., shale as in core above. 6 278-288 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: 1 ft, sand, gray, fine. 1 in., coaly zone. I ft 2 in., sand, gray, fine. 3 in., shale, gray. 7 288-298 Recovered 2 ft 7 in.: 8 in., sand, gray, Sne, slightly argillaceous. 3 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty and sandy, very .hard and massive. 2 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty end sandy, very soft and massive. 1 ft 2 in., sand, gray, coarse; coal streaks at base. 4 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic(?), slightly silty and sandy, very soft and massive. 8 298-308 Recovered Oft: 2 ft 6 in., sand, gray, fine, argillaceous. 1 ft, shale. 6 in., sand as above. 9 308-318 Recovered 6 ft, 6 in.: 5 ft, sand, gray, fine. 1 ft, shale as in core above. 6 in., shale as above but with a 2-in. zone of coal streaks 1 in. from top underlain by a 4-in_ bed of sand. 10 318-328 Recovered Oft: Shale, as in core 8 above. 11 328-338 Recovered loft: 4 ft, sand, gray, very Sne, argillaceous. 4 ft, shale, dark-gray; traces of coal. 2 ft, sand as above with local shale streaks. 12 338-348 Recovered loft: 2 ft, sand as in core above with local shale streaks. 2 ft, shale as in core above 2 ft 6 in., sand as above. 3 ft 6 in., shale as above but locally darker. 13 348-358 Recovered Eft: 8 in., shale as in core 11 but locally darker. 4 ft 6 in., sand as in core 11. 10 in., shale as above. 14 358-368 Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray, silty and sandy; 2-in. coal bed 4 in. from base. BIMPBON CORE TEBT 4 0-12 Peat, ice, and distance between kelly bushing and ground. - 12-40 Sand, grayish-brown, very fine to fine, very argillaceous, silty, and angular; totally contains streaks of dark-blue-gray clay; ~ fossiliferous. 40-55 Clay, gray to slate-gray; locally slightly silty and sandy; fossiliferous. 55-62 Shale, yellowish-gray, slightly silty and sandy, soft and massive; some small chart pebbles. 1 62-71 Recovered 3 ft: 1 ft 6 in., shale, yellowish-gray, slightly silty and sandy, soft and massive; some small chart pebbles. Core ~ Depth (feet) f Description 62-71 1 ft, gravel, rounded, some shale. 6 in., shale, gray, sandy. 71-81 Recovered 1 ft: Gravel, rounded, in shale. Top of Grandstand Formation at 81 ft_ 81-91 Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: 1 in., claystone, buff, dense, and hard. 2 ft 3 in., shale as above. 1 ft 2 in., shale, dark-gray, slightly silty and sandy; fragments of buff claystone. 91-98 Recovered 2 ft: 1 ft 10 in., shale, dark-gray, slightly silty and sandy; fragments of buff claystone. 2 in., claystone, buff, dense, and hard. 98-108 Recovered 1 ft, 6 in.: 1 ft 5 in., shale, gray, slightly silty and sandy, soft, massive. 1 in., sand, dark-gray, silty.and argillaceous. 108-119 Recovered 10 ft: 2 ft, sand, gray, fine, argillaceous. 1 ft 4 in., shale, gray. 1 ft 2 in., coal, subbituminous; streaks of soft buff shale. 1 ft 2 in., shale, gray-brown to gray; streaks of coal. 4 ft 4 in., shale, dark-gray, sandy toward base. 119-121 Sand. 121-131 Recovered 3 ft: 2 ft 6 in., shale as in core above. 6 in., sand, very fine, hard. 131-141 Recovered Eft: 1 ft, sand, gray, Sne, argillaceous. 2 ft 1 in., shale; streaks of coal and buff claystone. 2 ft 4 in., sand, gray, fine, argillaceous. 7 in., shale, black, soft. 141-I51 Recovered 2ft: Shale, dark-gray. BIMPBON CORE TEBT 8 D-6 6-15 15•-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 loauo 110-120 124-130 Peat., ice, and distance between kelly bushing and ground. Sand, gray, fine, argillaceous, silty. Clay, gray, very sandy. Sand, gray, fine, argillaceous, and silty. Clay, dark-gray, sandy; becomes very sandy toward base. Clay, dark-gray, sandy; becomes very sandy at base, as above. Shale, gray to locally blackish-gray, slightly sandy and silty, soft and massive. Top of Grandstand Formation may be at about 50 ft. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray to locally blackish-gray, slightly sandy and silty, soft and massive. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale as above; thin (6 in.) streaks of fine gray sand in places. Recovered 2 ft: Shale as above; thin (6 in.} streaks of fine gray sand in places. Recovered only small angular fragments of quartzite and chart (probably pebbles from the Gubik Formation, contamination). Recovery as above. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, Sne, very argillaceous and silty; thin streaks of blue-gray clay as much as 6 in. thick and fragments of buff chart. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Sand, as above; trace of coal. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON BIMPBON CORE TEST 6 Core I Depth (feet) I Description 0-6 Peat, ice, and distance between kelly bushing f 6-19 ; and ground. Sand, brownish-gray to grayish-brown, fine, argillaceous, silty; angular grains. 1 19-29 ~ Recovered Hft: Sand as above; streaks and '~i-ft-2-ft beds of blue.-gray to black slightly silty and sandy, soft and massive shale; 3i-in. beds of coal between 25 ft and 29 ft. 2 29-39 Recovered lft: Sand as in core above; streaks and 6-in.-2-ft beds of blue-gray to black slightly silty and sandy soft and massive shale. 3 39-49 Recovered 2 ft: Sand as in core 1 above; streaks and 6-in.- 2-ft beds of blue-gray to hlack shale; slightly silty and sandy, soft and massive. 4 49-59 Recovered 8ft: Sand, brownish-gray to grayish-brown, fine, argillaceous and silty, and angular with streaks; and 6-in.-2-ft beds of blue-gray to black slightly silty and sandy, soft, and massive shale. 5 59-69 Recovered 6 in: Sand as in core above. 6 69-79 Recovered lft: Gravel, rounded; some gray shale. Top of Grandstand Formation placed at 79 ft. 7 79-89 Recovered lft: 11 in., sand and shale. 1 in., sand, brown, fine, oil-saturated. 8 89-99 Recovered aft: Shale, bluish- to yellowish-gray, slightly silty and sandy, soft and massive. 9 99-109 Recovered 2ft: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic. 10 109-111 Recovered 2ft: 6 in., sand, brown, oil-stained; bleeding oil in part.. 1 in., shale, dark-gray, hard, dense. 1 ft 5 in,, sand, fine; good oil saturation. 111-1I9 No sample. 11 129-129 Recovered 2 ft: 1 ft 4 in., sand, brown, medium, oil- saturated. I in., sand, fine, hard, dense. 7 in., sand, gray, Sne. - 12 129-139 Recovered 2ft: Sand, gray, fine. 13 139-149 Recovered 1 ft: Shale, dark-gray-brown. BIMPBON' CORE TEBT 7 I 0-12 1 12-22 2 22-32 3 32-42 4 42-52 5 52-62 Tundra, peat, ice, and distance between kelly bushing and ground. No recovery (sand, reddish-brown, iron stained, fine; argillaceous cuttings). Recovered 1 ft, 6 in.: Clay, brown-gray, soft, slightly carbon- aceous and sandy; streaks of gray ben- tonitic shale. Recovered 1 ft: Shale, gray, bentonitic, sandy; streaks of brown, fine to medium sand and clay; carbonaceous streaks throughout. Recovered 1 ft: 3 in., shale, gray, carbonaceous, sandy, soft, brittle. 9 in., sand, gray to brown, fine, massive, loose, argillaceous; carbonaceous streaks (fragments of coal). Recovered 1 ft: Shale, gray, carbonaceous, sandy. AREA, ALASSA i 659 BIMPBON CORE TEBT 7-Cont2nued Core Depth (feet) 6 62-72 7 72-82 8 82-92 9 92-102 10 102-112 11 112-122 12 122-132 13 132-142 14 142-152 15 152-162 16 ]62-172 17 172-182 18 182-192 19 192-202 20 202-212 21 212-222 22 222-232 23 24 25 26 27 232-242 242-252 252-262 262-272 I 272-282 Des¢iption Recovered 1 ft: 6 in., shale, gray, carbonaceous, fossiliferous. 6 in., shale, gray, sandy; brown clay and sand streaks. Recovered 1 ft: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic; a few hard dense yellowish-brown claystone frag- ments in top 3 in. Top of Grandstand Formation at about 72 ft. Recovered 2 ft: 6 in., sand, gray, fine, medium well sorted, uncemented, porous. 1 ft, shale, medium- gray, bentonitic. 3 in., shale, medium- gray, bentonitic; angular coal fragments. 3 in., claystone, yellowish-brown, hard, dense, brittle. Recovered 1 ft: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic. Recovered 1 ft: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic; irregular to round marcasite concretions as large as in. in diameter in lower 4 in. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. Recovered 1 ft: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 4 in., sand, gray, •fine, medium-well-sorted, loose, porous. 1 ft, 2 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 6 in., shale, gray, bentonitic, sandy; streaks of silty sand. 11 in., shale, dark-gray. 1 in., claystone, brown to brown-gray, hard, dense. Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, fine, medium-well-sorted, porous. No recovery. Recovered 4 ft: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. Recovered 1 ft, 6 in.: 6 in., sand, light-gray, argillaceous; angular fragments of brown hard dense claystone. 1 ft, sand, gray, fine, porous, medium-well- sorted. Recovered 10 ft: 3 ft, sand, gray, fine well-sorted, uncemented porous. Frozen. 1 in., claystone, yellowish-brown to brown- gray, hard, dense. 6 ft, sand, gray, fine, well sorted, porous, uncemented; frozen with two ~-in. layers or lenses of pure ice in core. 11 in., shale, dark-gray, brittle, friable. Recovered I ft 6 in.: Shale, dark-gray, friable, brittle. Recovered 8 ft: Shale, medium-gray, bentonitic; streaks of brown clay shale. Recovered 1 ft 6 in: 1 in., broken material, limestone or dolomite with kaolinitic streaks(?). 1 ft 5 in., shale, dark-gray, bentonitic. Recovered 7 ft: Shale, dark-gray, bentonitic, friable, brittle. Recovered 2 in.: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. Recovered 4 ft: Sand, gray, fine, soft, porous, well-sorted. Recovered 2 ft: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. Recovered 2 ft: Shale, dark-gray. 66~ ERATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVI~. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 (3IMPC~ON CORE TEST 7-COnttnued Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 282-292 292-302 302-312 312-322 322-332 332-342 I 342-352 352-362 36 362-372 37 372-382 38 ~ 382-392 Recovered 1 ft: Sand, gray, fine. Recovered 1 ft 6 in: Sand, gray, fine. Recovered I ft: Shale, dark-gray. Recovered 8 in: Shale, dark-gray. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shall, dark-gray, slightly sandy. Recovered 8 ft: 1 ft 6 in., sand, dark-gray, fine. 6 in., shale, dark-gray. 6 in., sand, dark-gray, fine, well-sorted, porous. 5 ft 6 in., shale, dark-gray. Recovered 10 ft: 2 in., dolomitic limestone(?), white to color- less with grayish streaks, crystalline, massive, fractured; fractured surfaces re- semble soapstone. Weathered in spots to chalky powder. 6 in., dolomitic limestone as above. 4 in., sand, grayish-brown, very fine, silty, shaly; thin shale partings; horizontal laminae. 1 ft, shale, gray to brownish-gray, brittle, medium hard; thin sand laminae through- out, fine, silty. 1 ft, clap shale, brown to gray; carbonaceous spots and carbonaceous plant remains throughout. 1 ft, clay shale with abundant thin sand laminae. 6 in., clay shale with carbonaceous plant stems and a 3a-in. streak of coal at base. 5 ft 6 in., shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle, sandy; streaks of clay and thin laminae of brown fine silty sand; 1 in. of yellowish- brown hard dense claystone at 351~a ft. Apparen~ dip in bedded intervals to 1°. Recovered 8 ft: 3 ft, shale, brown-gray, medium-hard, brittle; rare streaks of brown fine silty sand. 2 ft, sand, gray, fine well-sorted, soft, uncemented, porous; slightly shalt' in top 6 in. 1 ft shale, brown, friable, crumbly; carbo- naceous streaks and thin sand laminae throughout; 3a-in. coal streak at 357 ft; 2-in. and 1-in. streak of carbonaceous shale, coal, and plant remains at 357 ft 10 in. Broken shell at 357 ft. 2 ft, shale, gray to grayish-brown; numerous pyritized (or marcasitic) plant remains throughout; 13z-in. streak of coal and shaly coal at base. Recovered 10 ft: 9 ft, sand, gray, fine medium-well-sorted, porous, soft, uncemented. 1 ft, sand, brownish-gray, fine hard, porous, poorly cemented; slightly brackish taste. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, fine to medium, medium-hard, firm, uncemented, very porous; rounded frosted to clear quartz grains. Coll and sandy coal 379-380 ft. Recovered ? ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, medium to fine, very porous, soft; brownish-gray streaks; rounded to subangular quartz grains; slight carbo- naceous streaks and streaks with minute muscovite flakes. Wet. Slightly brack- ish taste. $IMP$ON CORE TEST 7--Continued Cote Depth (feet; Destription 39 392-402 Recovered 9ft: 8 ft 9 in., sand, gray, medium to Ene well- sorted, porous; slight carbonaceous streaks brown to gray in parts. 3 in., shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, friable. 40 402-412 Recovered 2ft: Shale, brown to brownish-gray, soft, broken; streaks of silty shale and very fine silty sand. 41 412-422 Recovered Sft: Shale, brown, friable, soft; rare silty streaks. 42 422-432 No recovery. 43 432-442 No recovery. 44 442-452 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale, brownish-gray, silty in streaks; very fine silty sand. 45 452-462 Recovered 4 ft: Shale, brown-gray, soft, broken, friable; few thin stringers of silty sand throughout. Very sandy in bottom 6 in. 46 462-472 Recovered 2 ft: 1 ft, shale, gray-brown, soft, friable; slightly silty sand streaks. 1 ft, sand, brown, fine, well-sorted, porous; small fragments of coat (rare) and carbo- naceous streaks throughout. 47 472-477 Recovered 2 ft: 1 ft 9 in., sand, gray, soft, uncemented, porous; s streak of medium-firm medium- hard sand at 473 ft. 3 in., sandstone, grayish-brown, fine-grained very hard, well-cemented, medium-porous to tight, well-sorted, calcareous. 48 477-482 Recovered 2ft: 6 in., shale brownish-gray, soft, friable, broken (may be cavings and cuttings). 1 ft. 6 in., sandstone, gray, very hard, well- cemented, calcareous. 49 482-492 Recovered 3 ft 6 in: 1 ft, sand, fine-grained, soft, porous, un- cemented, well-sorted. 4 in., sandstone, light-yellowish-tan very fine grained, very hard, very well ce- mented, well-sorted; no taste or odor but suggestive oil color(?). 2 ft 2 in. sand, fine, friable, soft, porous, uncemented; a 3-in. streak of yellowish- tan very hard tight sandstone at 485 ft. 50 492-502 Recovered aft: Shale, gray, sticky; silty brown sand streaks_ 51 502-522 Recovered 5ft: 1 ft 3 in., shale, brown to brownish-gray, broken, soft. 3 in., sand, gray fine, loose, porous, un- cemented. 6 in., shale, gray to brownish-gray, broken; thin silty sand laminae; horizontal lamina- tion in shale. 6 in., sand, gray, fine, loose, porous, un- cemented. 6 in., shale, brown to brownish-gray, broken with silty streaks. 6 in., sand, gray, fine, loose, porous, un- cemented. 1 ft 6 in., shale, brown to brownish-gray; silty sand streaks. 52 512-522 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray to grayish-brown, soft, sticky; rare very sittp sand streaks. 53 522-532 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: 3 in., shale, gray to grayish-brown, sticky. 3 in., sand, fine, well-sorted, loose, erumbl y porous. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALAS%A~ BIMPBON CORE TEBT 7-Continued Core ~~ Depth (feet) I Desafption 53 522-532 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.-Continued 6 in., shale, brown to brownish-gray. 6 in., sand, gray, fine, loose, well-sorted, porous. 1 ft, shale, brown-gray, friable, brittle, broken. BIMPBON CORE TEBT 8 0-2 2-10 10-15 15-20 20-30 2 30-40 3 40-50 4 50-60 5 I 60-70 6 I 70-80 7 I 80-90 8 94-100 9 100-110 10 110-120 11 ~ 120-130 Tundra, peat, and distance between kelly bushing and ground. Clay, light-brown ; sandy with carbonaceous streaks. Shale, gray, bentonitic, sandy. Sandy clay, brownish-yellow; carbonaceous streaks. Recovered 3 ft: Shale, gray-black, bentonitic, sticky, soft; streaks of brown-gray to yellow soft clay. Recovered 1 ft: Clsy, light-gray, sticky, bentonitic; streaks of dark-gray bentonitic shale. Recovered 5 ft: Shale, gray, bentonitic, soft, sticky; slight sandy streak at 44 ft and streaks of gray bentonitic clay throughout. Numerous black carbonaceous laminae in shale. Few small fossil shell fragments through- out. Recovered 4 ft: 1 ft 3 in., shale, black, bentonitic, soft, sandy. 3 in., sand, gray, fine soft, loose, porous. 2 ft 6 in., clay shale, light-gray with yellow- brown streaks, soft, bentonitic. Slightly sandy at base. Recovered 1 ft: 10 in., clay, light gray with yellow-brown streaks, soft, bentonitic; few hard dense claystone, rounded black chert a.nd white quartz pebbles included. 2 in., sand, fine, loose, soft, very porous, medium well saturated with light- to green-brown oil. Top of Grandstand Formation placed at about 65 ft. Recovered 1 ft: Sand, fine, well-sorted, porous, uncemented; good oil color, bleeding in spots. Much free light-brown oil throughout. Few very thin shale laminae. Recovered 2 ft, 6 in.: Sand, fine, porous, loose; with streaks of light brown free oil and bleeding through- out_ Recovered 7 ft: Sand, light-gray, fine, porous, soft, loose; good oil color and bleeding in spots. Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, fine, loose; porous with good odor, bleeding in spots, some free oil. Carbonaceous sand streaks throughout. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: 2 ft, sand, fine, loose, porous; bleeding throughout with spots of saturation. 6 in., shale, light-gray, and clay. Slight oil film on fracture surfaces in shale. Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: Shale, gray, soft; silty streaks with oil film and few spots of free oil along fracture surfaces and on bedding surfaces. BIIKPBON CORE TEBT 8-Continued 661 Core Depth (feet) Description 12 130-140 Recovered 2 ft: 6 in., sand, medium to fine, porous, loose, well-sorted; good oil color throughout, some free oil. 1 ft 6 in., shale, gray, streaky; silty streaks and some oil films along fracture surfaces. Rare spots of free oil. 13 140-150 Recovered I ft 3 in.: Sand, medium ; speckled with white, gray, black, and brown rounded quartz grains, cherty grains, and carbonaceous frag- ments; streaks of coal; very soft, very porous, very good oil color, bleeding, streaks of free ofl. 14 150-160 Recovered 10 ft.: Sand, medium to fine, well-sorted, very porous, loose, crumbly; good oil color throughout. Carbonaceous streaks near base and a 3-in. streak of carbonaceous shale and lignite at 159 ft 6 in. and 159 ft 9 in. Bleeding in spots. Dip of 3°-4° noted in laminated sand and carbonaceous shale. 15 160-170 Recovered 1 ft 1 in.: 6 in., sand, gray to yellow-brown, medium to fine, very loose, soft; good oil color and odor throughout with spots of free oil. 4 in., coal. 3 in., sand as above; two rounded very hard dense black chert pebbles 3i in. in diameter. 16 170-180 No recovery. 17 180-190 Recovered 6 ft: 5 ft, sand, fine, loose,. porous, uneemented; slight carbonaceous streaks; very slight odor of oil and few thin streaks with oil color; argillaceous near base. 1 ft, sandy shale and clay, brown to brown- gray, soft. 18 190-200 Recovered S ft: 5 ft, sand, very fine, well-sorted, porous, argillaceous; very slight oil odor and color and with carbonaceous streaks and spots. Shaly in last 1 ft. 3 ft, shale, brown to brown-gray; sandy shale streaks Thin (',4 in.) lens of ice in core. 19 200-210 Recovered 2 ft: 1 ft, shale, brown to brown-gray, sticky; sandy streaks in last 3 in. 1 ft, sand, gray, fine, porous, soft; very slight oil odor. 20 210-220 Recovered 10 ft: I ft, shale, brown, friable. 1 ft, sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, porous, poorly cemented. 1 ft 6 in., shale, gray-brown, slightly carbo- naceous; has sandy streaks. 2 ft, shaly sand and brown-gray soft sand; few thin lenses of gray-brown shale and some carbonaceous streaks. 1 ft, shale, gray-brown to brown, friable. 3 ft 6 in., shale, gray-brown; streaks of sandy silty shale. 21 220-230 No recovery. 22 230-240 Recovered loft: Sandy shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, friable; streaks of very fine brown-gray silty sand and brown-gray shale. Few thin streaks of carbonaceous sand, shale, and lignite. 23 240-250 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 3 in., shale, brown-gray, friable. 6 in., sand, light-gray, very fine, silty. 9 in., shale, gray-brown to gray, friable sandy; silty sand streaks in top giving an irregular wavy banded appearance. • 662 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE N0. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 6IMPBON CORE TE19T 8-Continued Cor e I Depth (feet) Description 24 250-260 Recovered 10 ft: 5 ft, shale, dark-gray, brittle, friable; slight silty streaks in top 1 ft. 1 ft, sandy shale, light-gray to black, streaks of sand. Fossiliferous. 3 ft, sand, light-gray, very fine, compact, porous, poorly cemented; few very thin shale laminae. Argillaceous in last 1 ft. 9 in., sandy clay, light-gray to buff. 3 in., clay, light-tan, medium-hard, brittle. 25 260-270 Recovered 2 ft: Shale, gray, brittle, medium-soft; light-gray bentonitic clay streaks through bottom 1 ft. 2 in.; streaks of light.-gray fine sand starting from top of recorded section at 4 in.; numerous black carbonaceous laminae in the sand. Dip appears to be flat. 26 270-280 Recovered 9ft: 3 in., sand, brown-gray, very fine silty, well- sorted, porous, with 3¢- in. streak of dark- gray shale at top. 3 in., claystone, light-buff, medium-hard, dense, brittle. 1 ft, clay-shale, light-tan-gray to gray, slightly silty. 4 ft 6 in., sandy shale, clay shale, and streaks of sand. Carbonaceous streaks and carbonaceous plant remains. 2 ft, shale, gray, brittle; few carbonaceous streaks and carbonaceous plant stem remains. 3 in., claystone, light-buff, dense, massive, brittle. 9 in., shale, gray to dark-gray and bleak , slightly carbonaceous; silty sand streaks. 27 280-290 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: I ft 3 in., shale, gray to dark-gray, slightly carbonaceous, and sandy shale with ir- regular streaks of gray fine silty sand. 1 in., claystone, yellow tan, very hard, very dense, brittle. 2 in., sand, light-gray, fine, loose, well- 28 290-300 sorted. No recovery. 29 300-310 No recovery. 30 310-320 Recovered 9ft: Sand, gray, fine, well-sorted, medium-firm, porous; slightly carbonaceous streaks from 316 to 317 ft and streaks of lignite at 31 320-330 ~ 316 ft. Brackish taste. Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: 4 ft, sand, fine, soft, loose, porous, un- cemented ; streaks of coal and lignite in last 6 in. 6 in., shale, gray, sticky; yellow-brown, broken clay; '/s-in. streak of hard dense 32 330-340 Recovered 10 ftow claystone. Shale, brown, soft, brittle, friable; a thin 33 340-350 Recovered 5 fter of silty sand at 333 ft. Shale, brown, soft, brittle, friable; a streak of Sne brown-gray sand near top of core; 3-in. streak of yellow claystone at top 34 350-360 . Recovered 7 ft: Shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, brittle, 35 360-370 friable. Recovered 5 ft 6 in.: Shale, brown to brown-gray, friable, sticky; a few streaks of brown-gray very fine 36 370-380 Recovered 2 f 6in.: 37 380-390 Shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, friable. Recovered aft: Shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, sticky. BIMP80N CORE TEST 8-COnt3nned Core I Depth (feet) I Description 38 I 390- 400 39 400-410 40 410-420 41 420-430 42 430-440 43 440-450 44 450-460 45 460-470 46 470-480 47 480-490 48 490-500 49 500-510 50 510-520 51 520-530 52 530-540 53 540-550 54 550-560 55 560-570 ~ Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: 1 ft 6 in., shalt' sand, sand, and shale, brown to brown-gray, soft, silty. 4 ft 8 in., sand, gray, fine, porous, well- sorted, poorly cemented. I ft, shale, brown, sticky. 4 in., sandstone, rusty-brown to gray, very fine-grained, well-sorted, well-cemented, tight to medium-porous, very hard cal- careous (?). 1 ft, sand, gray, soft, loose, porous, un- cemented. No recovery. Recovered 9 ft 6 in_: 3 ft, sand, gray-brawn, fine loose, soft, very porous. 6 in., shale, brown, friable. 6 in., sand, gray-brown, fine, soft, loose; slight streaks of shale. 5 ft 6 in., shale, brown, soft, friable. Recovered 2 ft: Shale, brown to brown-gray, sticky, friable; few thin silty sand streaks. No recovery. Recovered 2 ft: Shale, gray to gray-brown sandy shale, and streaks of brown-gray fine silty sand. Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray, sticky; streaks of fine sandy shale and sand, silty throughout. One well-preserved fossIl shell found at 456 ft No recovery. ~ Recovered 2 ft: Shale, gray to gray-brown, very slightly silty sand streaks and streaks of sandy shale. Recovered 6 ft: Shale, gray, sticky, silty; streaks of gray, fine silty sand. A 2-in. streak of brown hard dense brittle claystone at 482 ft 6.in.; streaks of yellow-brown soft clay at base. Recovered 3 ft: Shale as above, and gray fine soft, porous sand, and streaks of sandy shale. Shell fragments found at 491 ft. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shale as above; some silty streaks and streaks of brown-gray very fine silty sand. Recovered 5 ft 6 in.: Shale, brown to brown-gray, friable; medi- um-hard brittle clay shale. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shale as above; very slight silty streaks. Half an inch of brown-gray medium-hard firm fine-grained sandstone at base. Recovered 7 ft• Shale, gray to gray-brown, brittle, friable; silty gray-brown shalt' sand; seven streaks of fine brown-gray sand. A 3-in. streak of hard dense yellow-brown claystone at 533 ft 6 in. Recovered 1 ft: Sand, light-brown, fine shalt', porous, medium-firm, well-sorted; streaks gray- brown shale laminae. Recovered 2 ft: Shale, gray, friable; streaks of fine gray sand and sandy shale. Recovered 10 ft: 6 in., sand, fine, soft, medium-firm, well- sorted, porous, uncemented. (Driller re- ported oil odor and color in top 2 in. of core. IInable to detect any trace of oil taste or odor.) 1 in. shale, brown to gray, friable- CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA BIMPBON CORE TEST S-COntinued Core Deptb (feet) Description - 55 560-570 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 8 ft 6 in., sand, gray, fine very soft, un- i cemented; a 4-in_ shale break at 564i/z ft; ~I sand is water bearing. 56 l 570-580 No recovery. 1111 BIMPBON CORE TEST 9 0-3 Tundra, ice, clay and distance between kelly bushing and ground. i 3-20 Peat; black to gray clay with brown sandy streaks. 20-30 Recovered 9 ft: 3 ft, clay, gray to black, carbonaceous; slight sandy streaks. 6 ft, sand, gray to dark-gray, fine, loose; slight streaks of clay and some black, carbonaceous streaks. Core frozen. 30-40 Recovered 10 ft: Sand, light-gray-brown, soft, very porous, unconsolidated to medium-firm; frozen. Six-in. streak of carbonaceous sand and coal at 34 ft. 40-50 Recovered 10 ft: Sand as above; no odor or taste of oil but a very slight light brown oil color on outi_ side of core. Core frozen. 50-60 Recovered 10 ft: Sand as above, light-brown-gray, very soft, porous, loose; streaks of carbonaceous sand and sandy coal from 54 to 56 ft. Core frozen. 60-70- Recovered 10 ft: Sand, light-green-brown, fine, loose, very soft; a few hard round dense black chart pebbles. Very slight light-brown oil color on outside of core. No oil odor or taste. Core frozen. 70-80 Recovered 5 ft: Sand as above and ice (flakes). Most of the core consisted of thin clear ice flakes and shavings. 80-90 Recovered 10 ft: 2 ft 6 in., sand, brown-gray, fine, loose, well-sorted; good oil color and odor. Few hard dense round black chart pebbles. 7 ft 6 in., shale, brown to brown-gray, med- ium hard, brittle, friable; silty streaks. Streaks of yellow-brown clay and clay shale in upper 3 ft. Top of Grandstand Formation at 83 ft. 90-100 Recovered 7 ft: 4 ft. shale, brown-gray to brown; silty in streaks with some streaks of shaly coal at 92 ft. 3 ft, sand, soft, porous, loose, bleeding. Slight streaks of coal in upper 1 ft. Spots of oil saturation, good oil color, and odor throughout. 100-110 Recovered 6 in.: 2 in., shale, gray to gray-brown, friable- 4 in., sand, fine, well-sorted, porous, loose; some free oil and fair saturation in spots. Slight show of light-brown to brown-green oil on mud pit. No evidence of gas. 110-115 $and, gray to gray-brown, loose, well-sorted; show of light-brown oil. Thin streaks of shale in base. 115-120 Sand, gray, soft; and gray soft bentonitic shale. 120-130 Shale, gray, slightly silty; few irregular hard dense brittle gray claystone fragments. BIMPBON CORE TEBT 9-Continued ss3 Core Depth (feet) Description ~ 130-150 Shale, gray; streaks of fine silty sand anal. slight carbonaceous streaks. 150-162 Shale, gray, hard; streaks of sand. 162-165 claystone and clay shale with streaks of coal. 165-180 Shale, gray, hard• streaks of sand and clay. 180-200 Shale, gray to brown-gray, medium-hard; sandy shale and streaks of fine silty brown- gray sand. 10 200-210 Recovered 9ft: Clay shale, gray-brown to gray, hard, dense, brittle, indurated; some light sflty sand streaks and shale. 11 210-220 Recovered 9 ft: Shale, gray-brown, crumbly, brittle; clap streaks in upper 3 ft. Streaks of fine brown silty ahaly sand from 215 to 217 ft. Fossil shell at 216 ft 6 in. 12 220-230 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 3 in., sand, gray, fine to medium, soft, loose. 1 ft 3 in., shale, chocolate-brown to brown- gray, carbonaceous, crumbly; interbedded streaks of coal. 13 230-240 Recovered 9 ft: Sand, light-gray, fine, well-sorted, porous, poorly cemented. 14 240-250 No recovery. 15 250-260 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Sand, gray, fine, loose, soft, porous. 16 260-270 Reeovered~ 6 ft: 9 in., sand, gray, fine, soft, loose, porous. 9 in., clay shale, light-gray, fine-textured, very hard, very dense, indurated; small rare round spots'of marcasite. 4 ft 6 in., shale, brown to brown-gray, friable, soft, crumbly; silty brown sand streaks. 270-280 Shale, gray to gray-brown; streaks of sand and fragments of gray hard dense claystone. 280-284 Sand, gray, fine, soft, loose; streaks of shale. 284-290 Shale, gray, sticky; numerous hard gray clay- stonefragments and streaks of sand. 290-295 Sand, gray; and shale with streaks of hard dense claystone. 295-300 Shale, gray to.gray-brown, sticky. 300-320 Sand, fine, soft, loose; and gray sticky shale. 17 310-320 Recovered Eft: Shale, brown-gray to gray, friable, silty streaks of fine gray porous sand. BIMPBON CORE TEST 10 (}-4 Ice, tundra, peat, and distance between kelly bushing and ground. 4-20 Ice; brown to red-brown clay; streaks of sand and peaty material. 20-30 No recovery. 30-40 Recovered 4 ft: Sand, gray to gray-brown, soft, loose, un- cemented; round quartz and some cherty grains. Tundra plant remains. 40-50 Recovered 6 ft: Sand, gray to gray-brown, fine, well-sorted, soft, loose; a 4-in. streak of plant remains and black carbonaceous sand and peat at 44 ft. 50-60 Recovered 8 ft: Sand, brown-gray, fine, soft, loose, unce- mented. 60-70 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 3 in., pebbles, round; smooth; hard dense brittle black to gray chart and claystone, up to 1 in. in diameter. 1 ft 3 in., clay, gray to yellow, sticky, soft, bentonitic. Top of Grandstand For- mation at 63 ft. 664 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERV BIMPBON CORE TEST 10-Continued Core Depth (tcet) Description 6 70-80 Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: 3 in., coal. 1 ft, clay and clay shale, gray to tan, sticky, soft, bentonitic; spots of light yellow- brown free oil along cleavage planes and fracture surfaces. 7 SO-90 Recovered 9 in.: Clay and clay shale, gray to tan, soft, sticky, bentonitic; spots of free light-yellow- brown oil along cleavage planes and frac- ture surfaces. 8 90-100 Recovered 5 ft.: 6 in., sand, gray-brown, fine, loose, porous, soft, argillaceous; streaks of clay and carbonaceous material throughout. Oil odor and streaks of oil color. 4 ft 6 in., sand, brown-gray, fine, soft, very porous; good oil show throughout with abundant streaks of light-yellow-brown oil saturation. Bleeding core. Much free oil. 9 100-110 Recovered 7 ft.: 5 ft, oil sand; numerous thin irregular coal laminae; '~z-in. clay streak at 104 ft 6 in. 9 in., sand, gray, porous, soft, loose, water- bearing; slight oil odor. I ft 3 in., shalt' sand, brown-gray, very fine, silty, and silty shale. 10 110-120 Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: Shale, brown, soft, sticky; silty streaks and streaks of shalt' sand in top 3 in. 11 120-130 Recovered 6 in.: Silty shale, brown-gray to gray; sticky streaks of sand; 1 in. of soft shalt' sand at base. 12 130-I40 Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: Shale, gray, soft, silty; streaks of soft fine gray silty sand. 13 140-150 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shale, brown-gray, soft, silty; gray fine sand and silty shale. Streak of sand in base. 14 150-160 Recovered 3 ft 6 in.; 2 ft shalt' sand, brown-gray, fine, silty, soft, porous. 1 ft 6 in., shale, sandy, gray-brown to brown; streaks of silty gray sand. 15 160-170 Recovered l ft 6 in.: Shale, gray-brown, sticky; slight streaks of silty sand. 16 170-180 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.. Shale, gray to dark-gray, silty in streaks. Numerous large round chert and quartz- ite pebbles maximum 34 in. in diameter. Pebbles black to gray, green, and white. 17 180-190 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Clay shale, gay, medium-hard, firm; very thin silty streaks. 18 190-200 Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: Shale, gray, silty • gray-brown silty clay shale; streaks of clay. Numerous large rounded smooth (3~r in. in diameter) quartz, cherG, and claystone pebbles. 19 200-210 Recovered 2ft: Sand, gray, fine, soft, unconsolidated; a 4-in. streak of rotten soft brown coaly shale and carbonaceous sand at 202 ft 3 in. 20 210-220 Recovered 8ft: Sand, fine, porous, loose to medium-firm, well-sorted, water-bearing. 21 220-230 Recovered 1 ft 3 in.: Sand as above. 22 230-240 Recovered Eft: Sand, gray, fine, soft, loose, porous; 3-in. streak of brown carbonaceous shale at 235 ft. • E N0. 4, ALASSA, 1944-5.3 BIMP80N CORE TEST 10-Contlnued Core Depth (feet) Desatiptian 23 240-250 Recovered 7 ft: 2 ft, sand as above, slightly shalt' in base. ~z-in. streak of brown shale at 241 ft. Numerous streaks of coal throughout. 5 ft, shale, gray-brown, soft, sticky, silty; in streaks with numerous 'r4-in. fine sand breaks and sandy shale streaks through lower 3 ft. 24 250-260 Recovered 8 ft: 1 ft 6 in., sand, brown-gray, fine, shalt'. 2 ft, sandy shale, brown-gray soft. 3 ft, shale, gray-brown, soft, sticky. 1 ft 6 in., sand, .brown-gray, fine, shalt' in streaks. 25 260-270 Recovered 1 ft: Shale, brown-gray to brown, soft, sticky. 26 270-280 Recovered 5 ft: Shale, brown to brown-gray, sandy in Last 6 in. 27 280-290 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray, sticky; fine light-gray silty sand ~ streaks (rare). Small black carbonaceous plant stem remains. 28 290-300 Recovered loft: Shale, gray to light-gray-brown, firm, silty through upper 6 ft; 3-in. streak of hard dense brittle yellow-brown claystone at 297 ft 6 in. 29 300-310 ~ Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: 4 ft, shale, gray-brown, and light-tan clay shale. 6 in., sand, brown-gray, fine, soft, loose, shalt'; a 2-in. streak of hard dense brittle claystone at base. 30 310-320 Recovered 7 ft: Sand, gray, fine, loose, porous; few streaks showing considerable light-green free oil from 312 to 314 ft. Streak of shalt' sand 314 ft 6 in.-315 ft. Soft sand with streak of light-green oil sand in last foot; -in. streak very hard tight sandstone at 416 ft. 31 320-330 Recovered 10 ft: 2 ft 6 in., sand, gray, fine, soft, loose; free light-green oil in streaks. 6 in. sandstone, light tan, very hard, brittle, well-cemented, medium-porous to tight. 7 ft, sand, friable, soft, loose; '~e-in. soft brown shale break at 326 ft and ~z-in. gray shale break at base. 32 330-340 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to dark-gray, medium-firm; few thin silty streaks throughout. 33 340-350 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray-brown, medium-firm; silty in top 4 ft 3 in.; streak of coal, carbonaceous shale, and carbonaceous sand at base. 34 350-360 Recovered 2 ft: Shale, brown-gray; slightly silty streaks. 35 360-370 Recovered 1 ft: Shale, brown-gray, sticky; few hard dense chert and claystone fragments. 36 370-380 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray to dark-gray, sticky. 37 380 X90 Recovered 7 ft: Shale, gray-brown to gray and dark-gray; streaks of yellow-brown clay; thin carbon- aceous streaks. 38 390-400 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: 6 in., shale, brown-gray; slight silty streaks and thin wavy laminae of fine gray silty sand. 3 in., claystone, tan, medium hard. 9 in., sand, light-gray, fine, soft, porous; slight oil odor; gray-brown shale and streaks of sandy shale. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASI~ snKPaox coRE TEeT 1o--concinuea Core (Depth (test) ~ Description 39 400-410 Recovered Eft: Shale, gray to dark-brown, sandy in streaks; 6-in. streak of tan clay shale at 404 ft 6 in.; 3-in. streak of fine light-gray-brown silty ahaly sand at base. Megafossil at 405 ft 6 in. 40 410-420 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray, friable; sandy in streaks with a 2-in. streak of very hard, dense brittle tight-tan claystone at base. 41 420-430 Recovered 7ft: 3 ft 6 in., sand, brown to brown-gray, very fine, silty, slightly carbonaceous; well- sorted firm ahaly sand streaks. 3 ft 6 in., shale, gray to dark-gray, friable; clay shale streaks and thin silty streaks in last lft. 42 430-440 Recovered 3 ft: Shale, dark-gray to gray-brown. 43 444-450 No recovery. 44 450-460 Recovered 2 ft: Shale, gray, friable; 1-in. streak of dense, hard yellow-tan claystone at 451 ft 6 in. 45 460-470 Recovered loft: 5 ft, shale, grail-brown, silty; and brown- gray fine silty sand; interbedded in thin irregular beds. 5 ft, shale, gray to gray-brown; a few silty streaks and streaks of clay. 46 470-480 Recovered 9ft: 8 ft, shale, brown to brown-gray, friable; rare thin silty streaks but numerous 'thick streaks of fine sand in last 1 ft. Very alight light-green oil film along fracture and cleavage surfaces in the shale. 1 ft, sand, gray, fine, porous, soft, loose to medium firm. 47 480-490 No recovery. 48 490-500 No recovery. aIMP60N CORE TE6T 11 0-2 2-28 28-80 80-85 85-90 90-100 100-110 110-120 120-130 130-140 Ice, tundra, and also distance between kelIy bushing and ground. Sand, gray, fine, porous, loose, soft; black carbonaceous streaks- Sand, fine, well-sorted, uniform, loose un- cemented; numerous black carbonaceous streaks and streaks with rusty brown iron stain. Streaks of tan clay from 70 to 75 ft. Top of Seabee Formation at 80 ft. Clay, light-brown to tan and gray, soft, bentonitic. Clay, gray-brown to tan and gray, bentonitic streaks; gray-black shale. Clay, brown to gray-brown, soft, bentonitic; streaks of gray shale. Recovered 5 ft: Clay shale and shale, dark-gray to dark- brown-gray, carbonaceous, hard, brittle, dense; indurated with irregular spots and thin streaks of very fine silty sand. Recovered 4 ft: Shale and clay shale as above, hard, indu- rated; very slightly silty in rare streaks. Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Clay shale, dark-gray, hard, brittle, fine- textured, indurated, slaty-appearing; very few thin fine-grained silty sand laminae showing dips from almost fiat to 15°. Recoverd 5 ft: Shale, dark-gray, brittle, hard, indurated; a few very thin regular laminae of very fine light-gray to white silty calcareous sand. Dips up to 15° noted (crosa- bedding). anKPaox coRE TEST ii-conttnnea 665 Core Depth (feet) Description 5 140-150 Recovered Eft: Shale as above. Dips up to 20° (crosa- bedding). 6 150-160 Recovered 5 ft: Shale as above, silty in streaks; streaks of very fine argillaceous ahaly sand. Streaks of hard tan to gray claystone. 7 160-170 Recovered 8ft: Shale, dark-gray, hard, brittle, indurated; smooth texture; slightly silty streaks; 1-in. streaks of white calcareous hard sandstone and sandy limestone at 160 ft 6 in. and 161 ft 6 in. Bottom 6 ft of core is solid hard brittle clay shale with very few slightly silty streaks. 8 170-180 Recovered 4 ft, 6 m.: Shale, gray-brown to dark gray, brittle, medium-soft to hard, friable; a 9-in. streak of hard indurated shale at 170 ft 6 in. 9 180-190 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to dark-gray, very hard, brittle, indurated; silty streaks of white to gray calcareous sandstone. 10 190-200 Recovered 5ft: Cisy shale and shale, gray to dark-gray, smooth texture, hard, dense, brittle, indurated; irregular smooth fractures; silty in streaks; abundant very thin Iaminae of fine grained white to gray sandstone. Dip flat to 2°. (Core 98 percent clay shale.) 11 200-210 Recovered 10 ft: Clay shale and shale as above; breaks and parts in thin regular smooth flat disks along horizontal bedding planes. 12 210-220 Recovered 10 ft: Clay shale and shale as above. 13 220-230 Recovered loft: Clay shale and shale as above. 14 230-240 Recovered 10 ft: Clay shale and shale as above. 15 240-250 Recovered 10 ft: Clay shale and shale as above; abundant fine-grained white to gray sandstone laminae; dip flat to 2° (core 15 percent sandstone). 16 250-260 Recovered 10 ft: 2 ft, shale, brown to brown-gray to gray, hard, dense, indurated, thinly laminated, brittle; silty in streaks. Fossil at 252 ft. 2 in., claystone, tan, very hard, brittle, dense. 7 ft 11 in., shale, gray to gray-brown, crumbly, medium-soft, broken and frac- tured. 17 260-270 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Shale, gray, hard to medium-soft, friable; and tan to gray very hard very dense fine smooth-textured claystone. 18 270-280 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to dark-gray, hard, fractured; silty in streaks at base (lower 5 ft) ;streaks of hard claystone. Numerous irregular slickensided surfaces noted in upper 4 ft. Dips as high as 7°. 19 280-290 Recovered 9 ft Shale as above; very slightly silty streaks. Bottom 1 ft of core (288-289 ft) is hard dense gray to light-gray silicified (cherty- looking) shale and clay shale. Dip as high as 10°. 20 290-300 Recovered 9 ft: 4 ft, clap shale, gray to light-gray, very hard, i dense, brittle, silicified. 5 ft, shale, gray to dark-gray, brittle, me- dium-hard, fractured. 666 EX~ATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE. 4, ALASSA, 1944-5~3 BIMPBON CORE TEST Il--Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 21 300-310 Recovered 10 ft: 6 ft, shale as abave. 4 ft, sandy shale and shale, dark-gray; nu- merous thin fine-grained light-gray uniform sandstone laminae through upper 2 ft, giving the core a striped or banded appearance. 22 310-320 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to gray-brown, medium-hard, brittle, fractured, sandy, micaceous; reg- ular thin fine-grained silty gray sandstone laminae and streaks. Dip as high as 7°. 23 320-330 Recovered loft: Shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle, sandy; abundant thin regular laminae of fines grained light-gray sandstone throughout. Dips to 4°. 24 330-340 Recovered 10 ft: 5 ft, shale, gray as above, slightly sandy streaks. 1 ft, sandstone, fine-grained, silty, argilla- ceous, very hard, tight to medium-porous, well-sorted and cemented; and hard, dense light-gray silicified clay shale. 4 ft, shale, gray to dark-gray; few thin silty sandstone laminae throughout_ 25 340-350 Recovered 9 ft, 6 in.: Sandy shale, gray to dark-gray, medium- hard; irregular streaks and laminae of green-gray to gray; fine sand and green- gray medium-porous medium-weU-ce- mented and sorted shalt' sand; very slight odor and trace of oil. Interval from 340 to 345 ft is 75 percent shale. Interval from 345 to 349 ft 6 in. is 70 percent sand. 26 350-360 Recovered loft: Shale sandstone, gray-brown to brown, fine- grained, thinly bedded, porous, medium- hard; and dark-gray to brown-black, medium-hard, friable, brittle shale; and interlaminated shale and sandstone, 40 percent shale and 60 percent sandstone. Dip as high as 3°. 27 360-370 Recovered loft: Sandy shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle; alternate laminae of gray silty shale and fine-grained light- to green-gray slightly micaceous sandstone • 4-in. streak of light- tan-gray fine-grained hard medium tight to porous sandstone; thin gray shale lam- inae. Core 60 percent sandstone. Dip horizontal to 3°. 28 370-380 Recovered 20 ft: Sandy shale and shalt' sandstone, gray- to light-gray, medium-hard in alternate, thin well-developed laminae showing dips from flat to 3°; 60 percent sandstone. 29 380-390 Recovered 10 ft: Sandy shale. gray to brown-gray medium- soft friable shale; and brown-gray fine well-sorted sand and sandy shale in alter- nate laminae with 75 percent shale. Dips as high as 3°. 30 390-400 Recovered 10 ft: 75 percent sandstone;fine grained light- to green-gray and brown porous well- cemented shalt' sandstone; and gray to brown-gray medium-soft interlaminated shale. BIMPBON CORE TEST ll-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet} Description 31 400-410 32 ~ 410-420 33 420-430 34 430-440 35 440-450 36 450-460 37 460-470 38 474-480 39 480-490 40 490-500 Recovered 10 ft: Interlaminated shale, gray, medium-soft, brittle; and fine grained silty well-sorted light-gray sandstone; I-in. streaks of very hard porous white to light gray-brown well-cemented (banded-appearing with irregular thin gray shale partings) sand- stone at 406 ft 6 in., 408 ft, and 409 ft 6 in. ; 40 percent shale and 60 percent sandstone in upper 6 ft, 70 percent shale in lower 4 ft of core. Recovered 10 ft: Shalt' sandstone and shale, gray to gray- brown, medium-hard interlaminated. Recovered 10 ft: 3 ft, shalt' sandstone, consisting of inter- laminated gray to brown shale and light- gray sandstone. 7 ft, shale, gray to brown, silty; abundant regular thin light-gray sandstone laminae throughout. Dip as high as 5°. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to gray-brown, brittle, medium- soft; parts along regular smooth well- developed bedding planes showing 5° dip. Slight streaks of gray soft porous medium well-cemented sand, and sandy shale in bottom 2 ft. Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: 3 ft, shalt' sand, gray to gray-brown, medium-hard. 6 in., sandstone, fine-grained, well-sorted, medium-hard, medium-well-cemented, po- roue; few thin shale partings. 3 ft, shale, gray to gray-brown, medium- soft, brittle, friable. Recovered 10 ft: 6 ft, shale, gray, medium-hard, friable, brittle; parts along smooth, even well- developed bedding planes dipping as much as 5°_ 1 ft, c}aystone and clay, light-tan-grap, friable, brittle, broken. 3 ft, shale, gray, as above with silty sand streaks in base;/z-in. streak of gray-tan clay at base. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to gray-brown, medium-hard; numerous silty streaks; 99 percent shale. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to dark-gray, medium-hard, brittle; parts along smooth well-developed flat bedding planes in upper 7 ft of core. Thin light-gray fine grained moderately well cemented porous sandstone laminae through lower 3 ft showing irregular and varied dips. Contorted laminae with dips from vertical to horizontal. Well- preserved plant remains noted in core at 472 ft. One section of core shows a V- shaped crumpled fold. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, brown to brown-gray, medium-hard, brittle; smooth conchoidal fracture and parting surfaces in part. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to light-gray-brown medium- hard, brittle; and light-gray brittle medium-hard slightly arenaceous clay shale. CORE TESTS, SIIv1PSON AREA, ALASK~ t9IMPBON CORE TEST 12-Conttnned Core Depth (feet) Description 41 500-510 Recovered 10 ft: 3 ft, shale, gray to gray-brown, brittle; streaks of clay shale and clay with rare silty streaks. 7 ft, clay shale and claystone, light-gray to gray, brittle, medium-hard; few fine silty sand streaks. Well-developed lamination showing dips to 12°. 42 510-520 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, light- to light-brown-gray, medium- - soft, brittle, friable; flaky and crumbly in streaks. Numerous very thin regular fine grained light-gray silty sandstone laminae throughout. Plant remains noted at 512 ft. Dip to 15°. 43 520-530 Recovered 9 ft: Shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle, friable; core breaks along well-developed bedding planes showing 5° dip and parallel to sides of core in a vertical plane. Very rare, slightly silty streaks. 44 530-540 Recovered 5 ft 6 in_: Shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle, friable; fractured and broken streaks. 45 540-550 Recovered IO ft: 2 ft, shale, gray, medium-hard, as above. 3 ft, shale as above; carbonaceous plant remains, well-preserved wood fragments, and cephalopod shells. 5 ft, shale, gray, as above; very rare slightly silty streaks. 46 550-560 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray to brown-gray, medium hard, brittle; a few rare small poorly preserved plant fragments at 556 and 559 ft. 47 560-570 Recovered 10 ft: 9 ft 6 in., shale, brown to light-brown-gray, medium-hard, brittle, friable; streaks of clay shale and slightly silty streaks. 6 in., sandstone, fine grained, silty, porous, well-cemented, firm; thinly laminated with very slight thin shale partings. 48 570-580 Recovered 10 ft: Shale, gray, medium-hard, brittle, friable; horizontal to 3° dip. Abundant thin fine grained ailtp brown-gray sandstone lami- nae throughout. Rare poorly preserved plant stems and leaves. _ 9IMP60N CORE TEST 12 0-5 5-16 16-20 20-25 25-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-67 Tundra, ice, and distance between kelly bush- ing and ground. Ice, peat, and streaks of sand. Sand, light-gray-brown, fine; ice and streaks of frozen clay and peat. Sahd as above, frozen. Sand, fine, loose, soft, unconsolidated; slight carbonaceous streaks. Sand, black, fine, carbonaceous, loose, soft, and coal. Sand, light-gray, fine, well-sorted, loose, porous, uncemented; streaks of coal and lightrblue-gray clay. Sand was frozen. Sand as above; abundant coal streaks and slight streaks of blue-gray clay; slight oil odor and color. Sand, fine, soft, loose; show of oil on mud pit. Sand as above; streaks of coal and very slight streaks of soft gray clay; slight show of oil. BIMP90N CORE TE6T l2~ontfnned 667 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 67-73 73-78 78-80 80-92 92-97 97-130 130-168 168-I69 169-174 174-190 190-195 195-225 225-237 237-242 242-250 250-260 260-270 270-280 280-290 290-300 300-305 305-360 360-460 Clay, light-gray, soft, and clay shale. Top of Colville Group at about 67 ft. Sand, light-gray, very fine, silty, well-sorted; carbonaceous streaks and streaks of clay. Clay, lightgray, soft, sticky, and Light-gzay shale. Clay, light-gray to light-brown, and gray to gray-brown medium-soft shale. Clay and clay shale, gray-brown to gray; streaks of fine loose sand. Clay, light-brown to brown-gray, and gray medium-soft sticky shale. Shale, gray, medium-soft, sticky; streaks of light-brown clay. claystone, light-brown-gray, hard, dense; streaks of sand. Clay, light-brown and gray, and gray shale with streaks of fine loose silty gray-brown sand. Shale, gray, medium-soft: streaks of tan clay. Shale, gray, medium-hard; streaks of tan clay and slight streaks of coal. Shale, gray-brown; streaks of clay. Shale, gray-brown, medium-soft; slightly silty streaks and streaks of clay. Shale, gray-brown to gray, streaks of clay, and numerous streaks of fine, silty sand. Recovered 8 ft: Clay shale, light-gray, soft; numerous thin laminae of fine well-sorted light-gray- brown silty sand and a few streaks of ligh~tan medium-hard clay and claystone. Recovered 9 ft: Clay shale, light-gray-brown to gray, soft, friable; numerous thin regular flat-lying fine-grained brown to gray sand laminae in upper 3 ft and lower 2 ft. Few thin streaks of light-tan clay. Recovered lp ft: Shale, brown-gray, medium-hard, and clay shale with abundant regular thin fine sand laminae throughout. Dip to 4°. 98 per- cent shale and clay shale. Recovered 10 ft: Shale, brown-gray, medium-soft, friable; interlaminated; thin regular fine silty brown-gray sand streaks and with streaks of slightly carbonaceous clay. Dips to 4° Recovered 10 ft: Clay shale, brown-gray, medium-hard, and light- to hrown-gray shale; numerous thin streaks of fine silty sand. Dips from flat to 3°. Recovered 9 ft: Clay shale, light-brown-gray, medium-hard, brittle; silty throughout, with thin regular laminae of fine well-cemented brown-gray silty sand; 3-in. streak of hard black in- durated carbonaceous shale at 298 ft. Dips as high as 3°. Shale, gray, medium-hard, and light-gray- brown clay shale. Shale, gray, medium-hard; few streaks of hard claystone and clay shale. Numerous thin silty streaks. Clsy shale, light-brown-gray to light-gray, medium-hard; slight silty streaks and few streaks of hard light-tan claystone.. 668 Core Depth (feet) 0-6 6-20 1 20-26 2 26-32 32-36 36-46 46-50 50-55 55-62 s2-ss E~ORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERV~. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 BIMPBON CORE TEBT I8 Description Distance between kelly bushing and ground. No sample. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils present. 2 ft, drilling mud, yellowish- to medium- gray, containing scattered threads of tan rootlike organic material, possibly some gray clay. 4 ft, clay, yellowish-gray, friable, rare flecks of yellowish-brown noncaicare- ous limonite. Whole core very badly infiltrated with drilling mud. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils common. 1 ft 6 in., clay, light-gray with slight yellow cast; scattered patches of black ' carbonaceous material, noncalcareous; white fragments of pelecypod shells. 2 ft, silt and clay, light-gray very friable; slight yellow cast; mixed with drilling mud; noncalcareous; white pelecypod shell fragments. 10 in., sand and silt, light-gray very fine, extremely friable; yellow cast, some limonitic streaks, noncalcareous. 1 ft 8 in., clay, light-gray, friable, non- calcareous; yellow cast; white pelecy- pod shell fragments. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils abundant. Clay, light-gray; yellow cast, thin limonitic streaks, a few pelecypod shells, also s few small rounded black chert pebbles• noncalcareous; whole core infiltrated with drilling mud. Recovered IO ft: 9 ft, claq, light-gray; yellow cast, scattered silty and some dark-gray carbonaceous streaks and limonitic laminae; white pelecypod shell frag- ments; noncalcareous. Badly broken and infiltrated with drilling mud. 1 ft, silt, light-gray, argIllaceous; yellow cast, contains numerous dark small rounded chert pebbles, sand grains, and pelecypod fragments; noncal- careous. Recovered 4 ft: Silt, light-gray argillaceous; yellow cast; contains rare well-rounded siliceous pebbles, maximum diameter '/z in., also Large amounts of well-rounded noncalcareous sand grains. Recovered 3 ft 8 in.: 1 ft 2 in., sand, light-gray, fine; yellow cast; a few laminae of gray clap, patches of brown limonitic stain. 6 in., silt, light-gray; yellow cast, grades from sand above; scattered limonitic carbonaceous layers. 2 ft, clay, gray; yellow cast, white pelecypod shell fragments, some brown limonitic stain; noncalcareous. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils common. Clay as immediately above but no pelecypod fragments; fine sand in last few inches of core. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils common. 9 in., sand and clay interbedded, light- gray, fine; yellow cast; sand has brownish limonite stained blotches, pelecypod fragments; noncalcareous. 3 ft 3 in., clay, light-gray; yellow cast somewhat silty in spots; a few small (1,4 in.) rounded black chert pebbles; noncalcareous. BIMPBON CORE TEST 18-Continuefl Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description - 9 66-72 Recovered 6 ft: Clay, light-gray as immediately above but with pebbles as large as 2 in. in diameter; rare white pelecypod shell fragments. 10 72-77 Recovered 5ft: Clay, light-gray, somewhat silty, a few dark-gray carbonaceous streaks, pebbles, and pelecypods present as above; noncalcareous. 11 77-82 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils rare . 10 in., clay light-gray as immediately above. 3 ft 2 in., silt light-gray; interbedded with numerous layers of medium-gray very fine to medium sand and gravel. Pebbles of gravel up to 2 in. in diameter (mostly about '/ in. or less) consist largely of well-rounded black chert but also some well-rounded pale yellowish-brown quartzite; noncalcar- eous. 1 ft, clay, light-gray, silty streaks. 12 82-85 Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Microfossils common. Clay and silt. interbedded, light-gray, hard, 1% in. layer of yellowish-gray clay in top 6 in.; noncalcareous. 13 85-91 Recovered 5 ft 7 in.: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, fissile; interbedded with light- gray noncalcareous silt and clay. Top of Seabee Formation at 87 ft. 14 i 91-97 Recovered 5 ft 7 in.: Siltstone alternating with thin laminae of light-gray clay shale; cleavage parallel, bedding dips 10°, a few vertical fractures; noncalcareous car- bonaceous fragments, mica plates, pyrite crystals. 15 97-105 Recovered 3 ft: Siltstone as immediately above. 16 105-1I1 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone as above. Siltstone character- ized by a very smooth break; clay shale a hackly break. Larger the proportion of silt, the smoother the break because the silt contains mica plates oriented parallel to the bedding; 10° dip; noncalcareous. Fishbone fragments found in washed microfossil samples. 17 111-116 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone as above. 18 116-126 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, light gray; siltstone laminae and parting; hackly fracture, siltstone slightly darker than clay shale be- cause of minute flecks of carbonaceous material; noncalcareous. 19 126-133 Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale and siltstone as above, 5° dip. 20 133-I38 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay and clay shale with silty partings. Lipper 1 ft infiltrated with drilling mud; noncalcareous. 21 138-I43 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale with light-gray silty partings; hackly fracture; one silty layer very slightly calcareous. 22 143-148 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as immediately above, 10° dip. • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, SIMP90N CORE TEST 13-Continued Core Depttt (feet) Description 23 148-158 Recovered 8 ft 8 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray, hackly fracture; slightly darker siltstone laminae and partings; a 2-in. layer of very fine medium-light-gray friable sandstone at about 155 ft. Siltstone slightly calcareous in spots. 24 158-165 Recovered 6 ft 3 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray; medium-gray (darker because of micaceous and carbonaceous flecks) silty parting. Silty partings slightly calcareous; 2° dip. Fishbone fragments. 25 I65-172 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as immediately above. Fish- bone fragments. 26 172-175 Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray; medium-light. gray siltstone laminae and partings. ~ Siltstone slightly calcareous. Fish- bone fragments. 27 175-180 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as immediately above. Fish- bone fragments. 28 180-185 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale as above. Fishbone fragments. 29 ~ 185-190 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale as above. Fishbone fragments. 30 190-195 Recovered 5 ft: Clay shale, light-gray; medium-light- gray siltstone laminae and partings. One layer of silty, medium-light-gray very fine sandstone; yellow cast. Sandstone slightly calcareous; 2° dip. 31 195-201 Recovered 5 ft 4 in.: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray; medium-light- gray silty laminae and partings, 2° dip, noncalcareous. 32 201-206 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. Shalt' clay as above. 33 206-215 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils very rare. Shalt' clap as above. 34 215-221 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay as above, 3° dip. 35 221-226 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray with silty partings; light-gray silt, yellow cast; noncal- careous. 36 226-227 Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. 8r,~Z in., shalt' clay as above, 3° dip; non- calcareous 3~ in., limestone, medium-dark-gray, hard, lithographic; conchoidal frac- ture, calcite filling minute fracture. 37 227-229 Recovered 1 ft 4 in_: Microfossils absent. 3 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; silty part- 4 ing limestone, dark-gray, argillaceous; not as hard or dense as that in core 36; irregular fracture. 9 in., shalt' clay, light-graq; silty part- ings; silt light gray; yellow cast; non- calcareous. 38 229-236 Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay as immediately above, hackly fracture, 3° dip. 39 236-244 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 7 in., as above. 1 in., siltstone, brownish to yellowish- gray, hard, conchoidal fracture, mod- erately calcareous. 6 ft 4 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; silty parting; silt light gray; yellow cast; noncalcareous. ALAS sag B1TSP90N CORE TE6T 13-Conttnueft Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 40 244-254 254-274 41 274-284 42 284-294 43 294-304 44 304-314 45 314-324 46 324-334 4? 334-344 48 344-354 49 354-364 50 364-374 51 374-384 52 384-394 53 394-402 54 402-412 55 412-422 56 422-432 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 9 in., shalt' clay as above, 5° dip. 2 in., limestone, medium-dark-gray, hard, irregular fracture. 8 ft 1 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings; silt is light gray; yellow cast, nonealcareous. A fish scale at 252j~i ft. No sample. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Shale clay as above. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings rare in contrast to above section; hackly fracture very conspicuous; slightly calcareous in spots. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay and shalt' clay, light-gray; badly broken and itifiltrated with drilling mud; slightly calcareous in spots. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clav and shalt' clay, light-gray. Clay is hard, nonfissile. Shalt' clay fissile; hackly fracture; nonealeareous. Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings; silt light gray; yellow cast; contains numerous plates of mica (as with all other cores above with silty partings). Mica plates account for the fissile smooth break parallel to the bedding; silt slightly calcareous, 7° dip. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings; silt light gray ~ yellow cast, noncal- careous; 10° dip. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Brown carbona- ceous(?) material in silty partings, 5° dip. Recovered 10 ft: Shalt' clay as above. At 3491/z ft and 352 ft layers 2-4 in. thick of light-gray shalt' silt. Recovered 8 ft: Shalt' clay, lightrgray; silty partings, light-gray; yellow cast; also several thin layers of shalt' silt; silty layers slightly calcareous, 7° dip. Recovered 10 ft: Shalt' clay as above, thin (2 in.) shalt' silty layers light-gray; yellow cast, slightly calcareous. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 7 ft 8 in.: 6 ft 11 in., shalt' clay as above. 9 in., siltstone, light-gray, a slight yellow- ish cast, hard; a few laminae grade to very fine sandstone, which contains carbonaceous (vitreous black coal?) micaceous and pyritic grains. Very calcareous cement. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings, hackly fracture where not silty, slightly calcareous. Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: As above, some light-gray silty laminae. Recovered 9 ft: Shalt' clay, light-gray; brownish-yellow- gray silty partings; 3 in. of very cal- careous light-gray siltstone at 414 ft 6 in. ; 8° dip. Recovered 10 ft: Shalt' clay as above, some shalt' silty laminae. • • fi70 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE N0. 4, ALASXA, 1944-5$ BIIvIPBON CORE TEST 13-(',ont3nued Cora , Depth (feet) ~ Description 57 I 432-442 58 442-452 59 I 452-462 60 462-472 61 472-482 62 482-492 63 492-497 64 497-502 65 502-508 66 508-517 67 517-524 68 524-528 69 528-533 70 ~ 533-538 71 53s-548 72 548-558 73 ~ 558-563 74 563-569 75 569-577 76 577-583 77 583-588 78 588-592 79 592-594 80 ~ 594-599 81 ~ 599-604 82 ~ 604-609 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. ~ Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above, shalt' silt laminae slightly calcareous, last 2 ft infiltratec with drilling mud. Recovered 5 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, light-gray, yellow cast; laminae and partings of shalt' silt. Recovered 4 ft: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 4 ft 2 in.: Shalt' clay as above, 7° dip, Recovered 5 ft: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 3 ft 10 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 4 ft: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 6 ft: ~ Shalt' clay as above. Recovered I ft: Shalt' clay as above, 3° dip. Recovered 5 ft: 3 in., limestone, medium-dark-gray, dense; subconchoidal fracture. 4 ft 9 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings and numerous shalt' silt laminae, light-gray; yellow cast; non- calcareous. Recovered 4 ft: Shalt' clay, light-gray; silty partings and scattered light-yellowish-gray silty laminae; noncalcareous; 3° dip. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 3 ft: 2 ft 9 in., as above. 3 in., siltstone, light-gray; yellow cast, moderately hard, slight tendency toward shalt' cleavage; very cal- careous. Recovered 4 ft: Shalt' clay, Iight-gray; silty partings (a few brownish in color--carbonaceous?) and laminae. Silt laminae slightly calcareous. Upper 1}¢ ft infiltrated with drilling mud_ Recovered 6 ft: Shalt' clay and silt as above. Recovered 7 ft: Shalt' clay as above, 9° dip approxi- mately. Recovered 4 ft: Shalt' clay as above. Recovered 2 ft: Shalt' clay as above. No recovery. Recovered 2 ft: Shalt' clay and silt, as above, 18° dip. Recovered 5 ft: Shalt' clay and silt as above; one very fine sand parting. Inocer¢mvs prism. Recovered 2 fi: Shalt' clay as above, but very fine sandy layers (up to '/a in. thick) similar to those described as "silty partings and laminae" have faint oil odor and stain. Recovered 4 ft 5 in.: Shalt' clay as immediately above, very faint oil odor and stain. BIMPBON CORE TEBT 18--ContinueQ Core ~ Depth (feet) I Description 83 609-617 84 617-622 85 622-627 86 627-633 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. 1 ft, shalt' clay, light-gray; silty mica- ceous partings light-gray with yellow cast; noncalcareous. 1 ft 9 in., sand and shalt', silty clay, fight gray. Sand, yellow, fine to medium difficult to estimate proportion of sand to clay because sand issofriable, broken, and mixed with and around clay lumps. Noncalcareous. Slight oil stain and fair oil odor, Yellow cut. A few small vitreous black pieces of coal noted. 5 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; silty and sandy partings, slightly yellow. Clay has numerous small brown fish scales, bones, and other fragments; noncal- careous; dip 25°. 10 in., shalt' clay and sand, fight-gray, largely broken and infiltrated with drilling mud. Several fragments of clay have well-developed slickensides at directions random with respect to the cleavage. Fine to medium sub- angular friable slightly yellow sand- stone; has a fair oil odor; noncalcareous. 1 ft, interbedded shalt' clay and shalt' silt, each about 50 percent, light gray ; noncalcareous_ Recovered 1 ft 5 in.: Microfossils absent. Mixed and broken light-to medium-light- gray shalt' clay, silt, sand, and drilling mud; noncalcareous. Sand as de- scribed in core 83, faint oil stain and odor. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils absent. 6 in., shalt' clay, medium-dark-gray, fissile, silty; micaceous partings, tend- ency toward vertical fracture; numer- ous minute brown fish remains similar to those noted in core 83; noncal- careous; 20° dip. 3 in., bentonitic clay, light-bluish-gray, massive, moderately hard, waxy to the touch;irregularfracture;noncalcarerous. 2 in., silty bentonitic clay, very light gray, moderately soft; dark biotite flakes sprinkled throughout; astringent taste; noncalcareous. 4 in., bentonitic shalt' clay, dark-ggrray; a few laminae of friable light-yellow- ish-gray silt to very fine sand; slight oil odor; noncalcareous. 4 in., limestone, dark- to light-bluish- gray, granular, hard. Fractures filled with minute columnar crystals of aragonite resembling satin spar. 2 in., bentonite, very-light-gray, mas- sive, rather soft; chipped with finger- nail; in water swells into an unctuous, gelantinous mass; noncalcareous. 8 in., drilling mud contains fragments of material described above-shale, ben- tonitic clay, sand, and bentonite. 7 in., bentonite as described above. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils common. 2 ft 4 in., mixed and broken drilling mud, medium-gray shalt' clay, light- to medium-gray fine sand; slight ofI odor and stain and very light gray bentonite. 1 ft 6 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray; yellow cast; grains range in size from silt to very fine sand; contains much subrounded quartz and some biotite; friable; slight oil stain and odor; non- calcareous. 2 in., bentonite, very-light-gray. • • CORE TESTS, SIIvIPSON AREA, ALASKA BIMP$ON CORE TEBT 18--Continued Gore ~ Depth (feet) I Description 87 633-640 88 640-644 89 644-649 i 90 C 649-653 91 653-661 92 I 661-663 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils. common. 7 in., shalt' clay, dark- to medium-gray; a few very fine sand laminae with oil odor and stain; noncalcareous. 1 ft 8 in., shalt' clay, medium-fight- to medium-gray; silty and some sandy partings. Upper 3 in. grades from a very light gray silty bentonite into the clay; noncalcareous; dip 25°. 1 ft 5 in., bentonitic shalt' clay, light- bluieh-gray; flakes of dark-brown bio- tits, common; noncalcareous. 4 ft 4 in., shalt' clay, light-to medium- light-gray; silty partings; numerous small brown fish remains, one slicken- side(?) noted; noncalcareous. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils rare. 10 in., shalt' clay as immediately above. 6 in., broken section contains gray shalt' clay, very light gray bentonite, and powdery and crystalline calcareous material. 1 ft 8 in., shalt' clay, light- to dark-gray; contains layers up to 2 in. thick of light-gray bentonite; shalt' cleavage, vertical fracture; dip approximately 15°. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils rare. 3 ft 2 in., shalt' clay, light- to dark-gray; some silty partings, scattered streaks of bentonite; noncalcareous. Brown fish remains; vertical fracture. 1 ft 10 in., sandstone, light-gray; yellow cast, very fine to fine, friable, noncalcareous; fair oil stain and oil odor. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils very rare. 2 ft 10 in., interbedded sandstone and shalt' clay. Sandstone, light gray; slight yellow cast (oil stain?), very fine to fine; slight oil odor. Shalt' clay as described in core above, dip about 10°. One streak of slightly calcareous light-gray bentonitic clay at 650 ft. 2 in., bentonite, very-light-gray, massive, moderately hard; speckled with dark biotite Sakes; noncalcareous. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils very rare. 10 in., shalt' clay, medium- to dark-gray; bentonitic in the upper 3 in., next 4 in. mixed with white broken limey ma- terial as described in core 88. 1 ft 3 in., shalt' clay, light-bluish-gray, silty, bentonitic, very slightly cal- careous. 1 ft 5 in., clay light- to medium-gray, silty, shalt'; contains numerous large white and yellow fnoceramus shell. fragments (as large as 2'/z in. in di- ameter) ; also contains the same small (nothing larger than 1}; in.) brown fish scales and ribs; dip 6°. 2 ft 6 in., siltstone, in places grading into fine sandstone, medium-light-gray; yellow cast; massive, soft but not particularly friable; no oil odor; 5 in. from the bottom is a 2-in. layer of white chalky calcareous material. Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils rare. Shalt' clay, light- to medium-gray; first inch contains around black nodule I by 1}~Z by 2 in., a piece of wood- concentric growth rings are plainly visible-altered to low-grade coal; noncalcareous. Top of Grandstand Formation at 661 ft. 671 Core { Deutt (feet) S Description 93 I 663-673 94 673-681 95 681-690 96 690-696 97 BIIvIP80N CORE TEBT 18---Continued 696-706 98 706-711 711-712 99 712-718 100 7I8-724 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. 6 ft 4 in., shalt' clay, light-gray; uniform in content and texture (no silt, mica, bentonite, carbonaceous material, or fish remains), moderately hard ver- tical fracture; noncalcareous; 5d dip; grades in last 4 in. to: 3 ft 2 in., sandstone, light-gray; yellow cast; grains range in size from silt to fine sand; contains micaceous and carbonaceous flakes; very slightly calcareous; very faint oil odor and stain. 6 in., silty ahalq clay, light-gray. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' clay, color ranges from light-gray to grayish-yellow to dark-gray; silty in places; noncalcareous. No recovery. Recovered 5 ft 6 in. Microfossils absent. Sandstone, light-gray; yellow cast, very fine to nearly medium; some very few laminae nearly black, containing large amounts of carbonaceous and mica- ceous flakes; friable; noncalcareous; oil stain and odor throughout, fairly good in spots, yellow cut. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone and some siltstone, medium- light- to medium-gray, yellow cast. Whole interval consists of alternate layers up to about 2 in. thick of silt- stone and darker layers of friable sand- stone; some laminae very slightly calcareous. Sandstone darker because it contains much vitreous black bitu- men or low-grade coal plus much mica. Grains range up to the coarse-sand size, but cemented with much finer silt and siliceous material, Section has a faint oil stain and odor, astraw-colored cut obtained at 699}~Z ft. Porosity at this point approximately 28 percent; permeability not tested as core too soft. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils common. Shalt' clay, medium- to medium-dark- gray; afew silty laminae, also a few dark carbonaceous laminae; noncal- careous; dips range from estimated 3°-5°. One very small (}; in. long) shell found-Lingula? No sample. Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Microfossils common. 2 ft 5 in., shalt' clay as above. 2 ft 1 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray; a few sandy partings containing car- bonaceous and micaceous particles; also clay laminae; slightly calcareous; rather soft and mixed with drilling mud. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils common. 1 ft 9 in., the upper part of this core is broken and mixed with drilling mud but contains fragments of the following materials from top to bottom: dark- gray waxy bentonitic clay, hard silty grayish-yellow clay ironstone concre- tions, and light-gray calcareous soft siltstone. 1 ft 3 in., shalt' clay, medium-light-gray; contains some silt, slightly calcareous. Last 2 in. of core are made up of a very hard reddish-gray-yellow clay iron- stone concretion; conchoidalfracture; noncalcareous. 672 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM BIDiPBON CORE TF.BT 18-Contlaned Core Depth (feet) D~cr}ptioa 101 724-731 Recovered 7 ft: Microfosails common. 5 ft 7 in., shalt' clay, medium-light- to medium-dark-gray, upper 3 ft are quite uniform, Iower 2 ft contains silt laminae; s few very small yellowiah- brown pyrite nodules present; non- calcareous. 1 ft 5 in., siltatone and shalt' clay inter- bedded; light-gray moderately hard siltstone contains thin beds (3; in. thick) of shiny black coal; medium- dark-gray shalt' clay contains small lenses of pyrite; noncalcareous. l0I 731-738 Recovered 5 ft: Microfosails common. 2 ft 10 in., ahalq clay, medium-gray, scattered yellow blotches; becomes silty and calcareous near the bottom and grades into: 2 ft 2 in., siltstone and very fine sand- stone, medium-light-gray, moderately calcareous; sandy intervals have slight oil stain and odor. In Iast 2 in. of core e concretion of grayish-pellow cal- careous dense clay ironstone. 103 738-744 Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Microfossils common. 3 ft, shalt' clay, medium-light-gray, slightly silty; noncalcareous; about 1 ft of the core contains numerous yellowish-white pelecypod shells. 6 in., siltatone with some very fine sand, medium-light-gray, very faint oil odor. 104 744-?54 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Microfoesils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray; grains range from very fine to nearly medium sand; very soft, poorly cemented. Most conspicuous constituent, esti- mated 80 percent, subangular quartz. Carbonaceous and micaceous particles common and average s little larger in size than quartz, a little bentonite(?) also present; noncalcareous. Some clay and silt included in sandstone. Mottled fair yellow oil stain and faint odor. Straw-colored cut from 745 ft. 105 754-760 Recovered 6 ft: 7 in., sandstone as above, grades at bot- tom to: 5 ft 5 in., shalt' clay, medium-light-gray, rarely yellow, some silt laminae; non- calcareous. 106 7B0-7B7 Recovered 3 ft 8 in.: Microfoesils absent. Shalt' clay, medium-light-gray; some. silty streaks; calcareous. 107 767-771 Recovered 3 ft 6 ia.: Microfoasils rare. 3 ft, shalt' clay, medium-light-gray, a few minute grains of.pyrite noted in partings; noncalcareous. 6 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine, fairly good oil odor and stain; non- calcareous. 108 771-781 Recovered 10 ft: Sandstone, as described above in core 104. Very poorly or not at all con- solidated, possibly a larger percentage of nearly medium-sized grains than in core 104; noncalcareous. Fairly good oil stain and good odor. Yellow cut from 778 ft. 109 781-791 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Sandstone as immediately above; at 788 ft numerous very thick black car- bonaceous and micaceous laminae. Fair oil stain and odor; noncalcareous. RESER~NO. 4, ALASgA, 1944-5.3 Care ~ Depth (lest) ~ Deeeriptfon lI0 791-801 I11 801-810 112 810-812 113 812-813 114 813-823 115 823-833 116 833-842 117 842-852 118 852-862 119 862-870 120 BIINP90N CORE TFAT 28-ContlnneQ 870-877 Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray; grains range in size from silt to fine sand with a predominance of the latter, made up primarily of subangular to subrounded grains of quartz plus some mica and carbonaceous material At approxi- mately 795 ft some clayey laminae contain many mica plater lying parallel to the bedding. Whole core is very soft or unconsolidated; noncalcareoua; slight mottled oil stain and odor. No colored cut, using carbon tetrachloride as solvent, from sample taken at 798 ft, but a faint yellowish residue remained upon drying in an evaporating dish. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Soft sandstone as above, no shows. Recovered 1 ft 6 in: Microfossils absent. 1 ft, soft sandstone as above, grades to siltstone at base of core. 6 in., siltatone, light-olive-gray, very calcareous, hard micaceous; some very dark carbonaceous partings, beds lie very nearly flat. Recovered 1 ft: Microfosails absent. Siltstone and very fine sandstone, medium gray, hard, very calcareous; slight yellow cast. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 1 in., ea immediately above; con- tains laminae with brown and black flecks of carbonaceous material 6 ft 5 in., sandstone, medium-gray, very soft, noncalcareous; grain size ranges from very fine to fine sand, aubangular to aubrounded grains; quartz grains make up about 80 percent, also mica and carbonaceous material; no oil odor or stain. Recovered 8 ft 9 in.: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, oil odor (?), no stain, no cut at 823 ft. Recovered 9 ft: Micmfossils absent. Sandstone as above, no oil odor or stain, slightly better consolidated than above two cores; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone and siltstone, medium-light- gray, silt to very fine sand size grains subrounded; chief constituent ie quartz; some micaceous and carbonaceous partings, friable; noncalcareous; 4°7 dip; very slight oil odor (?), no cut or residue at 848 ft. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Micmfosails common. 10 in., sandstone and ailtatone as above. 7 ft 8 in., interbedded shalt' silt and c'sy, light-medium- to light-gray, hackly fracture in the clay, numerous Ditrupa sp. and a few pelecypod shells; non- calcareous; yellowish-grail moderately hard clay ironstone concretions at 853 and 862 ft, noncalcareous. Recovered 8 ft: Microfoasils abundant. Shalt' clay, medium-light- to medium- gray, hackly fracture; numerous me- mm-light-gray silty laminae and partings; a layer of Dttrupa sp. and gastropod shells at 863 ft; yellowish- gray clay ironstone concretion at 862 ft; several small pyritic nodules noted; noncalcareous. Recovered 5 ft 6 in.: Microfossils abundant. Shalt' clay as above, pelecypod shell at 871 ft. • CORE TESTS, SIl~SON AREA, ALASKA 6II1iP90N CORE TEST 18-ConYlnaed Core Depth (feet) Description 121 877-884 Recovered 4 ft: Microfoasits abundant. Shalt' clay as above, considerable infiltra- tion of drilling mud. 122 884-895 Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. 9 in., shalt' clay as above, grades at base into sandstone. 7 ft 9 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, between fine and medium sand, sub- angular to aubrounded grains; 80 per- cent quartz; also some carbonaceous material Sandstone very friable or practically unconsolidated; noneal- eareous; no oil odor or stain. 123 89fi-904 Recovered 5 ft 6 in.: Microfossila absent. Sandstone ea above. 124 904-910 Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Microf~ails absent. Sandstone as above, grains mostly of fine sand size. 125 910-920 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Sandstone as immediately above, cal- careous grayish-yellow ironstone con- cretion at 913 ft. I26 920-928 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossila common. 4 ft, as above. 6 in.; shalt' silt and clay interbedded; clay, medium gray; silt, medium-light- gray; slightly calcareous toward the base of the core. 3 in., limestone, medium- to medium- dark-gray, argillaceous, silty, moder- ately hard. 3 ft 3 in., shalt' silt, medium-Light-gray, numerous clayey partings and laminae; moderately calcareous in spots. 127 928-930 No recovery. 128 930-950 Recovered 20 ft: Microfosails rare. 2 ft 10 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine-grained, subrounded to subangu- lar; quartz, primary mineral; very friable, noncalcareous. 7 in., siltstone, yellowish-gray, very hard; irregular fracture; contains very small brown plant impressions; slightly cal- careous. 6 ft 7 in., sandstone ea above in this core. 3 in,, sandstone, grayish-yellow, very fine, silty, slightly calcareous, moder- ately hard. 9 ft 9 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine grained, soft; same as described in uppermost part of this core; slight oil odor but no cut of residue from 947 ft; dip 3°{?}. 129 950--971 Recovered 17 ft: Microfossils rare. 8 in., shalt' clay, medium-gray; hackly fracture, noncaleareous; small py- rite(?) nodule. 1 ft, limestone, medium-gray, hard and dense, rare black carbonaceous dis- eolorationa; irregular fracture; very fine calcite vein; grades at bottom of interval to: 1 ft 2 in., siltstone, medium-Light- gray, moderately hard, noncalcareous; grades at bottom of interval to: 5 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine grained, subrounded to sub- angular, primary mineral, quartz; very soft; nonealcareous. 9 ft. 2 in., sandstone as above but fine grained slight oil odor, no cut or residue from 967 ft. BII1iPBON CORE TE6T 18-Conttnned 673 Core Depth (feet) Description 130 971-991 Recovered 20 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray; very fine to fine sand, rounded to subangular grains; quartz primary mineral; a few micaceous anc~ carbonaceous partings, very soft and practically uneonaoli- dated; noncalcareous, no oil stain or odor. Crinoid fragment. 131 991-999 Recovered 6 ft 4 in.: Microfoasils common. 2 ft, sandstone as above, bleak coyly car- bonaceaus laminae at 992 ft; grades at bottom to: 2 ft, siltstone, medium-light-gray; yel- low cast in several laminae; soft but better consolidated than sandstone immediately above; noncalcareous; one small grayish-yellow slightly cal- careous silty concretion at 993i/s ft. Some Ditruyoa sp. tubes at 993 ft. 2 ft 4 in., shalt' clay, medium-gray, some medium-light-gray, silty laminae; non- calcareous; 3° dip. 132 999-1, 006 Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils abundant. Drilling mud contains chert pebbles from the Gubik Formation mixed with broken silty medium-gray shalt' clay. One large (whole diameter of the core) tan broken shell in the middle of the core; noncalcareous. 133 1, 006-1, 014 Recovered 5 ft, 3 in.: Microfosails abun- dant. Shalt' silt, medium-gray; numerous lam- inae of shalt' clay, friable; noncalcare- ous, 2 in. of hard slightly calcareous grayish-yellow siltatone at about 1,010 134 1, 014-1, 019 Recovered 3 ft, 6 in.: Microfosails abun- dant. Interbedded shalt' silt and clay, medium- light-gray, scattered yellowish-gray lenses and laminae in the silt; noncal- careous. 135 1, 019-1, 026 Recovered 5 ft, 3 in.: Microfoasils abun- dant. Silt and clap as above, clay 75 percent, silt 25 percent; clay has hackly frac- ture_ 136 1, 026-1, 030 Recovered 1 ft: silt and clay as above_ 137 1, 030-1, 036 Recovered 2 ft 6 in, : Microfossils abundant. Silt and clay as above, silt is slightly lighter in color than clay, also silt is slightly calcareous. 138 1, 036-1, 038 Recovered 1 ft 5 in.: Microfoesils abundant. Clay, medium-light-gray, s$ htly shalt'; scattered silt laminae, slightly cal- careous. 139 1, 038-1, 041 Recovered 1 ft 8 in.: Microfossils abundant. Clay as above, s/a in. of grayish-yellow slightly calcareous siltstone at the bottom of the interval. 140 1, 041-1, 050 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils abundant. Shalt' clay, medium-gray; scattered silty laminae, silt slightly calcareous. 141 1, 050-1, 055 Recovered 4 ft: M:crofossila common. Shalt' clay as above, very little silt. 142 1, 055-1, 062 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Shalt' clay, medium-gray, a lens of yellowish-gray clay at 1,059 ft; hackly fracture; nonealcareous. 728-926 C 84- • 674 EXPLORATIOI~T OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE BIMP$ON CORE TEST 13--Cont7nned Core ~ DeptL (feet) I Description 143 ~ 1, 062-1, 066 144 1, 066-1, 075 145 1, 075-1, 079 146 ~ 1, 079-1, 084 r 147 1, 084-1, 087 148 1, 087-1, 093 149 1, 093-1, 098 150 1, 098-1, 102 151 1, 102-1, 107 152 1, 107-1, 113 153 1, 113-1, 118 154 1, 118-1, 125 155 1, 125-1, 133 156 11, 133-1, 135 Recovered 3 ft: Mierofossils common. 1 ft 6 in., shalt' clay as above. 1 ft 6 in., silt, medium-gray, numerous clay laminae; laminae of black car- bonaceous material and s few laminae of very fine friable sand. Sandy laminae, mostly at bottom of interval, have a slight oil stain and fair oil odor. An amber cut was obtained at 1,066 ft, and a yellowish-brown residue resulted; noncalcareous; beds lie vir- tually flat- Recovered 7 ft: Mierofossils common. Silt with clay laminae as above, very little sand, fair oil odor and faint stain. Straw-colored cut and yellow residue was obtained from 1,070 ft. Recovered 1 ft: Mierofossils common. Shalt' clay, medium-gray, noncalcareous. One inch of very calcareous light- olive-gray siltstone near the bottom of the interval. Recovered 5 ft: Mierofossils common. Interbedded shalt' silt and medium-gray noncalcareous shalt' clay. Silt light- . olive-gray, moderately calcareous in spots, soft, and in the lowest foot of the interval has a fair oil stain and odor. Dark carbonaceous partings present in the silt; beds lie fiat- Recovered 2 ft 2 in.: Mierofossils common. Silt and clay as above, about 60 percent clay and 40 percent silt. Silt has fair oil stain and odor and moderately calcareous. Recovered 3 ft I in.: Mierofossils common. Shalt' clay, medium- to medium-light- gray, hackle fracture; also a few slightly calcareous silty laminae. Recovered 5 ft: Mierofossils common. Shalt' clay as above, very few silt laminae. Recovered 4 ft: Mierofossils common- Shaly clap as above, about 5 percent silt. ~ Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Mierofossils abundant. Shalt' clay as above, virtually no silt; noncalcareous. Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Mierofossils abundant. Shalt' clay as above, silty toward bottom half of interval. Recovered 5 ft: Mierofossils abundant. 1 ft 9 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft; has yellow cast and slightly harder in lower 3 in. of interval• non- calcareous; very faint petroliferous odor, a faint straw-colored cut from 1, 113 ft and a very pale yellow residue. 3, ft 3 in., shalt' clay, medium-light- to medium-gray, scattered silty laminae, noncalcareous; estimated 3° dip. Recovered 6 ft: Mierofossils abundant. Interbedded silty shalt' clay and silt- stone, medium-Iight-gray; noncalcar- eous. Silt at 1,119 ft has a very slight petroliferous odor. Recovered 3 ft 7 in.: Mierofossils rare. Shalt' clay, medium- to medium-light- gray, hackly fracture, slightly calcar- eous. Recovered 2 ft: Mierofossils rare. Shalt' clay as above. NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 6IMP80N CORE TEST 18-Continned Core Depth (feet) Description 157 1, 135-1, 138 Recovered 3 ft: Mierofossils rare. 2 ft, shal_y claq as above. 1 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; grains subrounded to sub- angular; quartz, primary mineral, about 75 percent; considerable amount of very fine silt between sand grains; noncalcareous; no oil stain but very faint oil odor (?). 158 1, 138-1, 148 Recovered 10 ft: Mierofossils rare. 7 ft, sandstone as above, grains mostly in the fine sand range, practically unconsolidated. 1 ft, shalt' clay, medium-light-gray, silty in the upper part of the interval, moderately calcareous; a '~i-in -thick grayish-yellow very calcareous layer in the middle of the interval. 6 in., limestone, medium-light-gray, moderately hard, very argillaceous; irregular fracture; grades back into: 1 ft 6 in., shalt' clay as above in this core, dips up to 3°. 159 1, 148-1, 152 Recovered 3 ft: Micmfossils rare. Shalt' clay, medium-fight- to medium- gray; considerable amount of drilling mud mixed with the clay; noneal- eareous but scattered grayish-yellow calcareous streaks. 160 I, 152-1, 158 Recovered 4 ft: Mierofossils rare. Shalt' clay as above, silty at bottom. of interval. 161 1, 158-1, 168 Recovered 10 ft: Mierofossils absent. 5 in., as above. 9 ft 7 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray; grains between fine 'and medium sand size subrounded to subangular; quartz, primary mineral, 75 percent; very soft and practically unconsolidated; non- calcareous: no ail shows. 162 I, 168-1, 188 Recovered 20 ft: Mierofossils absent. Sandstone as above, fine sand predomi- nates in last 10 ft of interval ; no stain cut ar residue from 1,185 ft. 163 1, 188-1, 205 Recovered 6 ft 1 in.: Mierofossils absent. Sandstone as above, very fine to fine, very soft; noncalcareous, no oil shows 164 1, 205-1, 210 Recovered 5 ft: Mierofossils absent. Sandstone as immediately above. 165 1, 210-1, 212 No recovery. (Ditch sample had limestone in this interval.) I; 212-1, 240 Sandstone and silt. 1, 240-1, 280 Clsy. 1, 280-1, 290 Sandstone, very fine. 1, 290-1, 295 Clay. 1, 295-1, 305 No samples received. 1, 305-1, 325 Clay. 1, 325-1, X345 Silt, coal at about 1,340 ft. 1, 345-1, 385 Clay, coal at about 1,360 ft. 1, 385-1, 410 Sandstone, very fine. 1, 410-1, 420 Clay. 1, 420-1, 438 Silt, some sandstone. BIMP90N CORE 1'F6T 14 0-5 Distance }~etween kelly bushing and ground. 5-20 No sample. Ice reported by driller at 20 ft. 25-65 Clay, yellowish-gray, silty; also varicol- ored-rounded to subangular fine sand grains, some well polished. Scattered well-rounded yellow and black chert pebbles. White pelecypod shell frag- ments, rare Gubik microfauna. • • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA 8IMP90N CORE TE6T 14-Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 65-85 Sand, fine to very fine. Mollusk shell fragments, rare microfauna. Base of the Gubik Formation and top of the Seabee Formation at approximately 85 ft. 85-90 Four inches of limestone, medium-dark- to dark-gray; sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 90-95 Limestone (probably from above) and sand contamination from the Gubik Forma- tion. 95-150 Clay, light-gray; some silt at 125-I35 ft, much Gubik sand contamination. 15Q--200 Clsy and silt. 1 200-210 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, medium-light gray; yellow cast; soft argillaceous minute mica flakes present; good shaly cleavage parallels the bedding, scattered lami- nae of clay shale, noncalcareous; 5° dip. 2 210-220 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Interbeded siltstone and clay shale. Siltstone as above, shaly clay light gray, has hackly fracture but also has a few silty partings (with yellow cast). Noncalcareous; 5° dip. 220-235 Clay and silt. 235-240 Siltstone, light-gray, very calcareous. 240-245 Clay and silt. 245-285 Silt and clay, light- to medium-light-gray; lighter colored bentonitic clay and bentonite; hexagonal biotite flakes and brown fishbone fragments rare to abun- dant. The tog of the Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferentiated, is at 250 ft. 3 285-295 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils abundant. 2 ft, drilling mud contains distorted (in drilling because all of core was very soft and wet when first received) frag- ments of gray clay shale. Light-gray massive rather soft bentonitic clay shale; swells to an unctuous mass in water; noncalcareous. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-fight- to medium-gray, slightly silty, micace- ous; has numerous small brown fish remains. Scattered bluish-gray ben- tonitic clay laminae; noncalcareous; dip 5°. 3 in., limestone, the middle inch is light- gray possibly bentonitic but changes abruptly on either end to medium- gray and hard; shows bedding because of color change and slightly crystalline appearance of the lighter part, very low ff 3 in., clay shale with fish remains as 2 above, in the upper foot contains three layers of bentonite ~z-1 in. thick, very light to light gray. bentonite, white to bluish and yel- 3 ft , lowish medium-light-gray; in part has a speckly appearance due to the presence of brown biotite flakes, fairly soft, interbedded with a little shaly medium-gray to black carbonaceous clay; noncalcareous. 4 295-305 Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Microfossils very abundant. 1 ft 3 in., bmken zone contains drilling mud mixed with fragments of dark carbonaceous clay shale, light benton- ite, and bentonitic clay shale. 6IhIP90N CORE TEST I4-Continued s75 Core ~ Dept6 (feet) ~ Description 295-305 305-315 315-316 316-326 326-340 340-360 360-380 380-385 385-395 395-405 405-415 415-435 435-440 440-445 445-465 465-475 Recovered 6 ft 6 in.-Continued 3 ft 8 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray ; contains scattered brown fishbone fragments. Dip is approximately 17°, however, the core is only 1 in. in diameter, and the dip measurement may be in error. I ft 7 in., bentonitic clap and bentonite, color ranges from bluish-gray and yellowish-gray to white, fairly soft; some of core less than an inch in di- ameter; becomes slightly silty at base; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, very fine grained, silty, soft and friable; 80 percent quartz, also a con- siderable amount of biotite and pyrite present; grains subangular to sub- rounded; where not completely broken up the core tends to fracture parallel to the beddin'gl 5° dip; noncalcareous except for 4yz in. at approximately 307 ft, which is a hard highly calcareous very fine-grained medium-light gray silty sandstone; very faint petroliferous odor but no cut or residue fmm 309 ft. Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray; silt grains and very fine very calcareous cement; bedding faintly visible because of slight differences in color; small dip. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Ii in., limestone, olive-gray, silty; plus small amount of very calcareous medium-Light-gray siltstone; yellow cast. Hard dense massive limestone has irregular fracture. I ft 4 in., silty sandstone, soft, as above in core 5- 7 in., sandstone, very calcareous, hard, silty, as in core 6. 7 ft 2 in., silty sandstone, soft, as above in core 5; noncaleareous;fair oil odor straw-colored cut, pale-yellow residue from 320 ft. Silt, medium-light-gray. Clay and silt. Silt. Siltstone, calcareous. Silt and very fine sand. Clay and silt. Sand, very fine to fine; 90 percent clear, white, and gray quartz, primarily aub- angular, some subrounded; pyrite, bio- tite, also some silt. Clay. Clay, silt, grayish-yellow; noncalcareous clay ironstone concretion. Siltstone, medium-light-gray, very cal- careous. Sand, very fine to fine. Recovered 10 ft: 5 ft, drilling mud mixed with a few fragments of gray clay shale, silty toward base of interval. 3 ft 9 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, very fine to fine-grained; grains subangular to subround; pri- mary mineral, quartz, 80-85 percent, biotite and pyrite also present, very soft and friable; noncalcareous; fair oil odor, yellow 'cut and brownish- yellow residue from 472 ft. • • 676 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4, ALASSA, 1944-53 BIDg'60N CORE TE6T 14-Continued Core DeptL (feet) Description g 465-475 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 9 in., sandstone, medium-gray; yellow cast, very fine to fine-grained, very calcareous, hard; irregular fracture. 6 ia., sandstone, sa in section 3 ft 9 in. in this core. 9 475-485 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 2 ft 9 in., sandstone as immediately above; 6 in. of upper foot moder- ately hard, rest very soft; noncalcare- ous; fair oil stain and odor throughout interval, amber cut with CC4 and i yellowish-brown residue from 476 ft. 5 ft 8 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, interbedded with Light-gray siltetone laminae and s few partings of very fine sapd. Partings have yellow stain or cast; no bentonite or fish remains; low dip; noncalcareous. 1 ft 7 in., sandstone, silty to very fine- grained, soft; fair odor and stain. 10 485-595 Recovered 10 ft: Microfoesfls absent. 7 ft 6 in., sandstone, medium-olive-gra3~ (or medium gray with a strong yellow cast), very fine-grained, soft, snd fri- able. An inch thick hard grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretion at 491 ft and another silty one near the bot- tom of the section. One sandy party ing at bottom is rather coarse and contains two subangular black chart pebbles; noncalcareous; fair oil stain and odor throughout interval, yellow cut and brownish-yellow residue from 492 ft. 1 ft 3 in., sandstone, medium-gray, a yellow cast, very fine, grained, very calcareous, hard; irregular fracture. 1 ft 3 in., sandstone, as in the uppermost part of core. 11 495-505 Recovered 8 ft: Microfosails very rare. 2 ft 2 in., sandstone, soft, as immediately above, agrayish-Bellow c}ay ironstone concretion in about middle of the sec- tion. Sandstone becomes harder in the last 3 in. of section; fair oil stain and odor, yellow cut and yellowish- brown residue at 496 ft. 4 ft 2 in., clay and clay shale, medium- light-graq; hackly fracture not well developed; becomes slightly silty and moderately hard in last few Inches of the section; sandy partings. 1 ft 8 in., clay and clay shale, medium- to dark-gray, pyritic; similar to that described above but contains numer- ous coalq laminae. Coal (lignite or subbituminous) occurs in •leyers up to 1 in. thick, bedded, blocky fracture, and dull black. Noncalcareous. 12 505-515 Recovered 4 ft 3 in.: Microfoss~ls very rare. (3 ft 6 in., ice reported drilled at top of core.) Clay shale, medium-light-gray; very little carbonaceous material; non- calcareous; hackly fracture; dip prob- ably 5° or less. 515-530 Clay and silt. 530-550 Silt and some clay, coaly material, sand at 535 ft. Top of Grandstand Formation at 550 ft. 550-565 Sand very fine to fine; much coaly material. 6IIKP60N CORE TEST 14-Continued core ~ DeptL (feet) ' Description 13 565-575 14 575-585 15 585-595 16 17 18 19 535-605 605-61b 615-625 625-635 63555 655-665 665-690 690-700 700-710 710-725 725-750 750-770 770-775 775-785 785-795 795-845 Recovered 8 ft: Sandstone, medium-light-dray; verq soft and practically unconaohdated "clean," between fine- and medium-grained; subangular grains. Grains primarfiq white quartz and gray chart, salt-and- pepper appearance. One thin (~ in.) layer of lignite at top of the section; noncalcareous; no stain, very faint petroliferous odor, no cut, greasy film as residue at 572 ft. Recovered 9 ft: Sandstone, as immediately above, grain size gradually decreases to fine sand at base; no stain; very faint petrolifer- ous odor, very pale cut and very pale- yellow residue at 577 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Sandstone as above, verq soft, fine- grained, micaceous, some salt-and- pepper light and dark grains. No oil shows. Recovered 10 ft: Sandstone as above, one small grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretion at 600 ft; noncalcareous; faint petroliferous odor from 616 ft, no-cut, no residue. Recovered 10 ft: Sandstone as above, soft fine-grained, micaceous; very faint odor(?), no cut, no residue at 606 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Sandstone as above; no oil shows. Fine sand. Sand, verq fine, grains aubangular, mainly all clear quartz. Clay, with clay ironstone concretion, also small amount of calcareous eiltstone. Clay, carbonaceous fragments, coal, pyrite, and marcasite. Sand, very fine to medium; coal. Recovered 10 ft: Mierofossile absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, su angular to sub- rounded grains, 95 percent quartz and chart, about '/. white and ~; gray, very soft and friable; alight tendency in the harder streaks to cleave parallel to bedding; s few dark carbonaceous- micaceous laminae. Beds lie virtually flat; noncalcareous; faint petroliferous odor (7}, no cut, no residue from 707 ft. Sand, very fine to medium. Clay and some sand, medium-light-gray. Calcareous gellowish graq clay ironstone concretion; at 735 ft small amount of coal. Sand, fine to medium; subangular clear and white quartz, coal, biotite. Clay(?) and sand. Sand; calcareous eiltatone at 780 ft. Sand and claq, fine; clay ironstone concre- tion at 790 ft. Sand, medium light-gray, verq fine to fine; grains aubangular, clear, white, and gray quartz; clay ironstone concretions at 810 and 840 ft, ailtp toward bottom of in- terval. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASKA giMP60N CORE TEST 14-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 20 845-855 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. medium-light-gray, very fine Sandstone , grained, subrounded grains; 95 percent quartz; contains some yellow quartz and thereby differs somewhat from sandstone in core 19; very soft and friable; noncalcareous; faint petrolif- erous odor(?), no cut, no residue from 848 ft. 855-870 Silt to very fine sand; mostly subangular white quartz but also some yellow quartz. 870-895 Cley with some silt and very fine sand. 895-906 Sand, fine; some sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 21 906-916 Recovered 10 ft: D'Iicrofossils absent. 2 ft 5 in., clay, medium-gray, irregular hackly fracture; slightly silty, very slightly calcareous. ~ 7 ft 7 in., sandstone, virtually the same ~ as that described in core 19 but has no cleavage parallel to bedding. Last inch of sandstone in core is cemented with fine light-gray argillaceous(?) ma- terial; no oil shows. 916-935 Sand, fine; Ditrup¢ sp. at 915 ft. 935-945 Silt and some clay. 945-955 Sand, very fine. 22 955-965 i Recovered loft: Sandstone, very fine grained and me- dium-light-gray siltstone; a layer of hard silty grayish-yellow clay iron- stone at 956, 962, and 964 ft; non- ealcareous; no oil shows. Ditrupa present. 965-970 Clsy and some very fine sand. 970-974 Limestone or very calcareous siltstone, medium-gray, also very fine sand- 23 974-984 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained; subangular to sub- rounded grains; primary mineral, white quartz.; practically unconsolidated; noncalcareous; no oil shows. 984-985 No sample. 985-1, 015 Sand, very fine to fine; slightly calcareous in spots(?), some silt. 24 1, 015-1, 023 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils common. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, silty, ir- regular and hackly fracture; noncal- careous. 1, 023-1, 039 Clay and silt. 25 1, 039-1, 045 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils common. 4 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, hackly fracture; slightly calcareous grayish-yellow clay ironstone concre- tion at 1,039'Fi ft. 2 ft, siltstone, medium light-gray; yellow east; a few laminae of clay shale as described immediately above; noncal- careous. 1, 045-1, 072 Clay and silt. 26 1, 072-1, 075 Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils common. Giay shale, medium-light-gray, moder- ately hard, hackly fracture; noncal- careous. 1, 075-1, 145 Clay and silt with some streaks of very fine sand containing a little clear pink garnet: Ditrupa sp. 1, 145-1, 165 Sand, fine to medium; contains a Little garnet. 1, 165-1, 175 . Clay. ~ 1, 175-1, 208 Sand, fine; clear, white, and gray quartz. gL~1P90N CORE TENT 14--C'•ontlnned 677 Core ~ Depth (feet) f Description 27 1, 208-1, 218 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained very soft, noncalcare- ous; 90 percent quartz, subangular to subrounded. No oil shows. 1, 218-1, 255 Sand, fine. 1, 255-1, 270 Sand, silt, and clay. BIMP80N CORE TFB I' 14A Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 0-3 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 3-200 No sample. 200-210 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay and clay shale, light-gray; shalt' cleav- age not very well developed, but some medium-light-gray silty micaceous part- ings, scattered silty laminae ands tend- ency toward vertical fracture. Normal faulting on a minute scale with displace- ments up to ~s in. noted at approximately 203 ft; noncalcareous; estimated dip 6°. 210-220 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent- Shaly clay and clay as above, hackly cleav- age, dip 25°-30°. 220-230 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Shalt' claq as above, dips up to 30°, a black carbonaceous layer i/io in. thick at 22634 ft. 230-240 Recovered 10 ft: Shalt' clay as above, a few silty laminae, particularly at bottom of interval, dip 15°, core badly broken and mixed with drilling mud in last 4 ft of section. 240-250 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, medium-light-gray, soft; shalt' cleavage; contains a few laminae of clay shale and also laminae of very fine sand- stone. A few partings of carbonaceous material present. Minor fractures pres- ent and filled with slightly darker clay material. Some of silt has biotite and carbonaceous flecks; noncalcareous; no shows. Top of Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferentiated, at 250 ft. 250-258 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils rare. 5 ft, interbedded siltstone and clay shale similar to above but in equal proportions, minor fractures filled with clay found in silt. Dips indeterminate; noncalcareous. 1 ft, clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray, bentonitic; larger the proportion of benton- ite the lighter the color. Contains brown fish remains; noncalcareous; 5° dip. 6 in., a zone containing some clay shale plus several layers as much as 3; in. thick of white prismatic crystals that effervesce vigorously with acid may be calcite or aragonite. These layers powdered by drilling to white chalky material around edges of the core. 2 in., shalt' clay, light-gray, very bentonitic, fractured. 1 ft 11 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray; contains many brown fish remains, also white and yellow Inorer¢mus shells; non- calcareous; 5° dip. 5 in., clay, medium-gray with blue cast, shalt' to massive;bentonitie,noncalcareous. 258-260 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Microfossils rare. Bentonitie clay as above, also some inter- . bedded shalt' clay with fish remains. B78 EXPLZSRATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE ~4, ALABSA, 1944-5$ BIIYIPt40N CORE TEt3T 14A-Continued Core Depth (feet} Description 8 260-262 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Microfossiis rare. Silty clay, light- to medium-gray, ahaly to massive, bentonitic. In the middle of core is 4 in, of clay shale containing abun- dant carbonaceous flecks; noncalcareous. 9 262-266 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils rare. Beatonitie silty clay as above, carbonaceous at 263 ft, 5° dip. 10 266-275 Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Micmfossils rare. Silty clay ae above but even more bentonitic; laminae of very light gray and white, nearly pure bentonite up to 2 in. thick at approximately 270, 271, and 273 ft. Fish fragments in clay shale at 271~x ft and in last 9 in. of core. Last 9 in. also contains white and yeIIow Inoceramus and ammo- nite remains; noncalcareous. 11 275-283 No recovery. 12 283-290 Recovered 7 ft: 2 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray; brown fish remains very abundant, lighti- colored bentonitic zones at 283 ft 4 in. and 284 ft 6 in.; noncalcareous_ 10 in. clay, medium- to light-gray, massive, very bentonitic, waxy to the touch; noncaleareous. 2 ft 8 in. clay shale, medium-light-gray; similar to the first part of this core but with larger amount of finely disseminated bentonite and fewer Ssh remains. Dark carbonaceous layer at top sad at bottom of section, a thin (1 in.) layer of dull black coal at 287 ft 9 in.; noncalcareous; dip 5°. 1 ft, clay, light-gray, very bentonitic, non- calcareous. 8IDSP90N CORE TEST ib 0-5 5-35 35-55 55-75 75-95 95-105 105-225 225-235 235-245 245-25b 255-265 266-268 Distance between kellp bushing and ground. No sample. Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium, subangular to subrounded; some grains rounded and polished, predominantly quartz and chart of various colors. Some clay. Pelecypod fragments rare. Sand as above, plus rounded and polished granules and pebbles of black chart and light-brown quartzite. Some clap. Clay, light- to medium-light-gray; some pyrite plus sand of the Gubik Formation, which occurs 86 contamination in the ditch samples throughout the teat. Gubik-Sea- bee Formation eontaat at approximately 75 ft. Limestone, medium-light-gray, also clay. clay. Clay, also some white aragonite or calcite (prismatic crystals}. Top of Ninuluk and Seabee Formations undifferentiated may be at approximately 235 ft. Clay, some white bentonite with hexagonal biotite plates, Inocer¢mus fragments. Clay, bentonite, and bluish-gray bentonitic clay. Clay, medium-light-gray; Irwceramus frag- ments. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: 1 in., limestone, Light- to medium-light-gray ; yellow teat, hard, crystalline; possibly dolomitic as it does not effervesce vigorously with dilute cold HCl unless powdered. 6IIKP90N CORE TEl4T 16-Conttnnea Core I Depth (feet) I Destxiption 266-268 268-275 275-285 285-303 303-310 310-330 330-360 360-380 380-390 390-400 400-410 410-420 420-430 430-460 46Q-470 470-490 490-550 550-620 620-660 660-670 670-720 720-750 750-760 760-780 780-800 800-810 Recovered 2 ft 6 in.-Continued 2 ft 5 in., interbedded clay shale, bentonite, and bentonitic clay. Clay shale medium- light-gray to medium-gray, slightly silty, contains brown fish remains all through the clay and Inoceramus fragments at 268 ft. Bentonite very light gray and occurs in layers as much as 1'/z in. thick at 266'~i and 267 ft and in thinner layers elsewhere. Stuck on the outside of the bentonite two pebbles, one of black chart and one of light-grayish-brown limestone(?); both well rounded and surrounded by a thin layer of mud-probably represent con- tamination from the Gubik Formation. Bentonitic clap bluish grap. One thin ('/e in.) layer of dull black low-grade coal at 2675¢ ft; noncalcareous; dip b°. Clay; Inoceramus fragments- Clsy, bentonite, and bentonitic clay. Clay, some sand. Recovered 5 ft: 1 ft 4 in., mud cake, contains pebbles fmm the Gubik Formation mixed with clay and ahaly a~7t_ 3 ft 8 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray; yellow teat or stain, moderately soft, very fine, silty; quartz, also a large amount of biotite and muscovite. Glau- conite(T} grains are also quite abundant. Fairly good fracture is present (probably parallel bedding), dip is S°; noncalcareous faint oil odor, pale-straw-colored cut an~ pale-yellow residue at 309 ft. Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; primarily white and clear quartz, some dark-gray chart, biotite. Small amount of sand in interval 320-330 ft has a very calcareous cement. Some clay. Clay and sand. Clay, medium~ight-gray. Clay and sand with biotite and pyrite. Clay. Sand, very line, subangular white and clear quartz; biotite. Clap and sand. Clay. Sand, medium light-gray; some chlorite, a white-claylike mineral; a Httle coal at 430-440 ft. Cisy and sand. Sand, very line to fine. Sand, medium light-gray, very fine to medium; 80 percent quartz, 10 percent dark chart, some cost 500-510 ft, clay ironstone con- cretion 510-520 ft. Some clap. Sand, medium~ight-gray, fine to medium; presence of about 20 percent dark chart and other dark minerals slightly larger than the quartz gives asap-and-pepper effect; mica. Top of Grandstand Formation at 555 ft. Sand, white quartz 85 percent, aubangular, fine; small clay ironstone concretion 650- 660 ft. Clay, medium light-gray; a few dull black coal fragments, some sand. Sand, fine; medium coal rare at 680-690 ft; some clap 670-680 ft. Clay and sand; dull black coal 730-750 ft; grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion 740-750 ft. Sand, 85 percent white and clear quartz; some biotite, coal, and brown and gray chart. Clay and sand. Sand and clay, medium-light-gray. Sand, very fine to fine. CORE TESTS, 6Il4IPSON AREA, SnK~sox caRE TEST is-conunnea Core I Depth (feet) I Description 810-830 Sand, darker particles medium grained and white quartti fine grained. 830-$40 Sand as above; abundant grayish-yellow clay ironstone; sand in part cemented by iron- stone. 840-860 Sand, very fine; grading to wilt in lower part of interval; primarily white quartz, also some brownish-yellow quartz(?) ; coal frag- ments rare. 860-880 Clay, some coal. 880-900 Clay, medium-light-gray; Ditrupa fragments• SnKrsox coRE TEST is 0-4 4-10 10-20 20-40 40-50 50-80 80-120 120-250 250-260 260-270 270-280 280-290 290-320 320-330 330-338 338-348 348-360 36Q-400 400-430 430-460 460-492 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. Clay, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, tundra, and sand. Clay and sand, light-olive-gray, very Sne to fine aubangular to aubrounded; predomi- nantly yellow and cleat quartz. Clay, lightrolive-gray, some sand. Clay and varicolored sand, very fine to me- dium, subangular to aubrounded grains. Numerous white pelecypod fragments. Sand, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, Sne to medium; subangular to rounded and pol- ished grains of varicolored quarts and dark chart. Pelecypod fragments rase. Top of Seabee Formation at 80 ft. Clay, light-gray; also a small amount of light- gray silt (silt almost entirely subangulss white quartz}. Clay, light-gray; some silt at 220-250 ft. Clay, medium-light-gray, and silt; also crystal- line (prismatic} aragonite or calcite, biotite, very small amount of coal, and Inoceramus prisms. Toni of Ninuluk and Seabee For- mations undifferentiated near 250 ft. Clay, silt, and a small amount of very light gray bentonitic clay or bentonite. Ina ceramus prisms. Clay, very abundant aragonite, abundant Inoceramus prian.s and abundant fish frag- ments (many of the fish fragments encased by marcasite}. Clay, some silt, small amount of bentonite, fish fragments common. Sand, medium light-gray, very fine, 95 per- cent white and clear quartz, subangular to aubrounded; abundant biotite, pyrite com- mon at 310-320 ft; some silt. Sand and silt, biotite, small amount of pyrite with very calcareous cement. Clay, medium-light-gray; sand and silt. Recovered 5 ft: Drilling mud broken and mixed with frag- ments of medium-light-gray siltstone, medium-gray clap shale, and light-gray bentonitic clay shale. At 347 ft a rounded (diameter of core) cobble(?) of quartz monzonite or granodiorite. No other pebbles or sand noted. Clay, silt; very abundant pyrite, some biotite. Clay; some very fine sand in lowest part of interval, almost all quartz, biotite com- mon. Clay, silt, and some sand. Sand as in interval 360-400 ft above but fine to medium; some dark chart and car- bonaceous fragments. Sand, grading to silt st bottom of the interval; mica. ,u,AS~ 679 gIIbipt30N CORE TEI3T 18--COatinned Core ~ Depth (feet) I Description 2 ~ 492-498 498-520 520-525 525-535 Recovered 6 ft: 2 ft 7 in., siltstone, interbedded medium- light-gray, and medium-gray clay shale,; laminae very thin-generally less than ~s-in.; siltstone somewhat lenticular, has hackly fracture. One or two black car- bonaceous stringers extend vertically through the core; shows structure which suggests they were originally plant ma- terial that remained upright during deposition. 1 ft 2 in., coal, dull to sbiny black, aubbitu- minous, thin-bedded; blocky fracture; contains much finely disseminated pyrite. A fine sandy streak at 493 ft has faint ~etroliferous odor, yellow cut, and brown- ish-yellow residue; noncalcareous; beds lie nearly fiat. 2 ft 3 in., clay shale, medium-dark- to dark- gray, very carbonaceous; contains numer- ous very thin laminae of dull black coal. Claq, some pyrite. No sample. Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: 2 ft 9 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- to very fine grained, aubangular to aubrounded, quartz 90 percent, clear and white, also gray chart; sandstone very soft and friable; noncalcareous; very good oil stain and odor from upper 2 ft of interval; amber cut and brown residue from 527 ft. Grades at bottom of section to: 6 ft 9 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, shalt' cleavage; interbedded with medium-gray clay shale; siltstone similar to sandstone above but contains mica; nonca]careous. Recovered 7 ft: Interbedded siltstone and clay shale, similar to above but contains larger amount of ar~illaceous material in silt; laminae very thin; noncalcareous; fair to geod oil odor at 539 ft, amber cut and yellowish-brown residue. Sand, medium-light-gray, Sne to medium, salt-and-pepper texture-60 percent white and clear quartz; rest dark chart and other dark minerals m subangulat to aub- rounded grains; dark grains tend to be slightly larger than light. Grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretions 545-555 ft. Top of Grandstand Formation at 550 ft. Sand, fine; as above. Silt to very Sne sand, primarily light-colored quartz, subangulas. Moderate amount of coal, 605-615 ft. Clay, silt to fine sand. Silt and sand, white quartz, small amount coal. Sand, fine, and clay ironstone. Sand and clay. Sand, very fine to fine; some garnet. Sand, fine; some dark chart grains slightly larger than quartz, very few coal grains. Clay and sand, medium-light-gray; fine sand. Sand, fine; a little coal at 715-725 ft. Sand and a small amount of clay. Sand, medium-light-gray, fine; quartz and some dark chart. 535-544 544-575 57:x595 595-615 615-625 625-635 635-645 645-665 665-675 675-705 705-715 715-765 765-775 775-795 68~ Core I Depth (feet) 0-4 4-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-200 1 200-208 208-280 280-290 290-300 300-310 310-320 320-330 330-340 340-350 350-401 401-407 407-471 471-476 476-535 535-545 545-550 550-560 560-581 EXATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 6IMP60N CORE TEST 17 Description Distance between kelly bushing and ground. No sample. Clay, gray; yellow cast and varicolored fine subrounded sand grains, also a few pol- ished black pebbles. Abundant white pelecypod shell fragments, brown peri- ostracum still adhering. Common mi- erofossils from the Gubik Formation. Sand, fine, subrounded, varicolored, a few pebbles. Very few pelecypods and mi- crofossils. No lithology samples available, but micro- fossil samples suggest sand as above with change near 80 ft to the subangular white quartz silt characteristic of the Colville Group. Silt, light-gray; primarily subangular white and gray quartz. Much Gubik contam- ination. Clay, light-gray; some pyrite, becomes silty toward bottom of interval. Sand con- tamination from the Gubik Formation. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray; medium-light- gray soft silty laminae and partings; some hackly fracture in clay shale. Silty partings micaceous with flakes parallel to the bedding planes, silty beds up to 2 in. thick; noncalcareous; dip 2°. Clay and some silt. Very much tundra and sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. Limestone, medium-gray, probably thin; also clay and silt. Clay, yellow; also limestone from above. Siltstone, medium-light- to medium-gray, very calcareous; also light-gray clay. Silt and clay. Clay, light-gray. Limestone, medium-dark-gray; considera- ble amount, also clay and silt (?}. Limestone, as above; 348-350 ft clay and silt. Clay. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. 4 ft 2 in., clay shale as above, silty partings have yellow cast and slight petroliferous odor, noncalcareous; dip 1 °. 7 in., limestone, medium-dark-gray, hard, massive; contains a few small discontinuous vertical fractures filled with white calcite. 1 ft 3 in., clay shale as in first part of this core; 13z in. of grayish-yellow clay ironstone at top; noncalcareous. Clay and silt. Sand and tundra contami- nation from the Gubik Formation. Medium-dark-gray calcareous siltstone at 470 ft, 4 in. thick. Slight show of oil in ditch. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale with silty laminae and partings as above, dip ranges from 10° to 25 °. Clay. Clay, some silt, show of gas. No sample. Tundra contamination; silt? Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine, sub- angular grains; 90 percent quartz, most white and clear; pyrite and biotite in hexagonal pates. Top of the Ninuluk and Seabee Formations undifferentiated at 568 ft. 6IMPBON CORE TE6T i7-Contlnned Core ~ Depth (teat) ! Description 581-591 ~ Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 8 ft 10 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray; good olive-green oil stain, rather soft and friable, very fine grained to silty; subrounded to subangular grains; about 60 percent quartz, bath biotite and muscovite also conspicuous; non- ° calcareous; dip 25 , good odor, amber cut and yellowish-brown residue from 588 ft. 1 ft 2 in., limestone, medium-gray, hard, massive, silty; contains some mica. White pelecypod shell fragment at 590 ft. 591-600 Sand, very fine, and silt. 600-620 Clay and silt. 620-624 Sand, white and gray, fine quartz. 624-628 ' Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. { 11 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, salt-and-pepper, between fine- and } medium-grained, but containing con- siderable amount of soft silty and clayey cementing materiel; quartz is conspicuous, also biotite and mus- covite; noncalcareous; fair odor, slight stain, yellow cut and yellowish-bmvvn residue at 624 ft. 1 ft 7 in., sandstone, similar in grain size and constituents to upper part of this core but hard; has a very calcare- ous cement; about 4 in. from top s layer of grayish- and reddish-yellow noncalcareous ironstone concretions up to 1/z in. in diameter. 628-640 Sand fine to medium. 640-680 Sand and some clay (clay 640-650 ft}; small amount of coal at 650-660 ft_ 650-690 Siltstone, medium-gray, very calcareous, also fine sand. 690-710 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine, sub- angu~ar to subrounded, nearly all clear and white quartz. Top of Grandstand Formation at 710 ft. 710-780 Sand, salt-and-pepper fine to medium; white quartz fine, gray quartz medium, subangular to subrounded; carbonaceous fragments from 740 to 780 ft; brown Inoceramxcs prisms start at 770 ft, also some silt. 780-796 Sand as above; also grayish-yellow non- calcareous medium-light-gray sand. 796-803 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. 8 in., siltstone to very fine grained sandstone, medium-light-gray, very soft or practically unconsolidated; numerous laminae or partings contain black carbonaceous material and mica; noncalcareous; no odor, cut, or residue from 799 ft. 4 ft, limestone, light to medium-light- gray, hard, silty; contains many thin carbonaceous partings, some have car- bonaceous plant impressions; dip 3°. 9 in., sandstone, grayish-brown, silty; made up of grains of quartz, coal, and mica; noncalcareous, grades into: 1 ft 7 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, friable, shaly cleavage, micaceous, noncalcareous. 803-810 Sand, very fine to fine as in 9 in, section above. 810-820 Sandstone, medium-Iight-gray, fine grain- ed, calcareous; also fine sand. 820-840 Sand, very fine to fine, primarily clear and white subangular quartz. r CORE TESTS, SII~SOI3 AREA, BII1iPBON CORE TEBT 17-COntlnnefl Core Depth (feet) Descrtptton 840-870 Clay and silt; ironstone concretion be- tween 840 and 850 ft. 870-890 Sand, very fine to fine sand, three-fourths white, one-fourth gray; carbonaceous particles. 890-920 Clay and very fine to fine sand. 920-930 Sand, fine; largely subangular white quartz, very little yellow quartz, some garnet. 930-940 Clay, medium-Ight-gray; sand contamina- tion from the Gubik Formation. 940-980 Sand, very fine to fine sand; subangular quartz, white, some gray, also yellow. Very hard calcareous siltatone at 971- 974 ft. 980-1, 003 Silt (with yellow quartz) and clay. 7 1, 003-1, 013 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 3 in., drilling mud mixed with broken pieces. of light-gray silt, medi- um-fight-gray clay, and a very small amount of yellowish-gray clay. 5 ft 10 in., siltatone, light- to medium- Iight-gray; very soft and friable micaceous; clay 6 in. of slightly harder medium-light-gray clay at 1,008 ft; beds have very low dip or lie Bat; noncalcareous; no oil shows. 2 ft 11 in., interbedded slay and silt, medium-light-gray; about 75 percent silt and 25 percent clap. Ditrupa sp. 1, 013-1, 020 siltatone, medium-gray, calcareous, also silt and clay? 1, 020-1, 030 Clay and some fine sand. 1, 030-1, 050 Sand, fine. 1, 050-1, 070 Clay, possible grayish-yellow ironstone concretion between 1,050-1,060 ft. 1, 070-1, 100 Silt; some very fine sand and clay. BIMPBON CORE TEST IS 0-4 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 4-10 No sample. 10-20 Tundra, silt, and ice, one pelecypod fragment, mierofoas~7s present. 20-55 Clay, light-gray, and a little sand. Scat- tered fragments of a bright-blue claylike material, possibly vivianite. Gubik mi- crofoeails abundant. Numerous white pelecypod fragments. 55-80 Sand, varicolored (clear, white, gray, black, various shades of yellow, some green and red) grains, fine, subrounded, polished. Very few black chart pebbles. SO-124 Sand and pebbles as above, probably mostly contamination. Top of Seabee Formation may be at approximately 90 ft. 120-200 Clay, light-gray; sand from the Gubik Formation and tundra. 200-210 Recovered 9 ft: Microfoasils absent. Interbedded siltatone and clay shale, siltatone light gray, very uniform in texture and color, good shalt' cleavage, makes up about 80 percent of the interval. Clay shale medium light gray, silty, also has good cleavage; noncalcareous. Dip 6°. 210-400 Clay, light- to medium-light-gray, much sand and fossil contamination from the Gubik Formation. Core A>,as ~ 681 BIItiiPB ION CORE TEST 18-Continued (feet) t Description 400-410 410-450 450-470 470-500 500-510 510-520 520-560 560-570 570-610 610-820 520-630 630-890 690-700 700-750 750-760 760-790 790-800 800-816 816-826 826-920 920-930 930-940 940-950 950-1, 040 1, 040 1, 050 1, 050-1, 150 1, 150-1, 160 1, 160-1, 330 1, 330-1, 340 1, 340-1, 350 1, 350-1, 360 1, 360-1, 380 1, 380-1, 460 Recovered 14 ft: Microfosails absent. Siltstone, 75 percent and clay shale 25 percent, very similar to above core but clay has hackly fracture and silty partings with a yellow cast; noncalcareous; dip 7°. An ifridescent ammonite Borissiakoceras sp. about '/z in. in diameter found at 407 ft. Clay. Clay; small amount of silty medium-dark- gray limestone near 450 ft. Clay, silt, and tundra. Clay, slightly calcareous gray siltatone; brown tinge. Limestone, medium-dark-gray. Clay. Limestone, medium-dark-gray, 4 in. at 567 ft; also clay. Clay. Limestone, medium-gray, 10 in. at 610 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfosai]s absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; with light- to medium-light-gray silty lami- nae and partings; some with a yellow cast; noncalcareous; 3° dip. Frag- ments of an irrideacent Borisaiakoceras sp. as above at 630 ft. Clay. Limestone, medium gray, at about 690 ft 10 in. Clay. Limestone, medium-gray, smaIl amount. Clay. Limestone, medium-gray, fairly large amount. Clay. Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails absent. Clay shale with silty partings as above, good ahaly cleavage; noncalcareous; 3°-b° dip. Clay and a small amount of silt. Limestone, medium-gray; 6 in. at 923 ft, also clay. Clay and silt. Limestone, a small amount. Clay with a small amount of silt, very rare fish fragments. Clay and limestone, medium-gray. Clay. SIltstone, medium-gray. Clay, light- to medium light-gray. Calcareous micaceous siltatone, medium- gray at 1,335 ft. Clay. Limestone and calcareous siltatone. Clay. Tundra contamination; probably clay. $ZMP90N CORE TEST 18 0-4 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 4-20 No sample. 20-40 Tundra and clay, light-yellowish-gray, and some sand. 40-50 Sand, varicolored, fine to medium, aub- munded. Gubik microfossiLs, particu- larly ostracodes, common. Some white mollusk fragments. 50-80 Sand and clay, some bright-blue frag- ments-vivianite(?) Rare microfossils. fi82 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEEM RESERVE SIMPSON CORE TEST 19-COntlnued Core I Depth (Feet) f Description 80-90 Sand andclsy,oneradiolarian. Preseneeof radiolarian maq mark top of the Seabee Formation of Colville Group. Cuttings themselves not good enough to mark break at base of Gubik Formation. First recognizable Colville sedimentary I deposits (angular white quartz silt) 90-100 ~ appears at approximately 230 ft. Tundra contamination, silt, and clay. 100-220 j Clay, yellowish-gray and varicolored sand, I probably mostly contamination from the Gubik Formation. 220-270 Clay, yellowish-gray, and also light-gray sand and some angular white quartz silt from the Gubik Formation. 270-360 Clay and sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 360-420 Clay and some silt. 420-430 Siltstone, medium gray, very calcareous, very small amount at 429; also clay and some silt. 430-450 Clay. 450-470 Limestone, medium-dark-gray 12 in. at 460 ft; some medium-gray calcareous siltstone; also clay and silt. 470-550 Clay and sand contamination from the Gubik Formation, fish fragments rare at 500-510 and 520-530 ft. 550-570 Limestone, medium-daik-gray, 3 in. at 560 ft; also subangular white quartz, silt, fish fragments. 570-580 Silt and clay. 580-590 Siltstone, medium-dark-gray, very cal- careous. 590-600 Sand and sfft, very fine, primarily white and clear subangular quartz. 600-610 Limestone, medium-dark-gray, silty, also calcareous siltstone. 610-680 Clay, silt, medium-light-gray; fish frag- ments at 614-620 ft. 680-700 Considerable amount of medium-dark-gray limestone somewhere in this interval, also clay. ?00-730 Clay and silt, marcasite and pyrite; fish fragments 720-730 ft. 730-740 Limestone, medium-dark-gray, also clay. 740-770 Tundra contamination, clay, silt. 770-790 Considerable amount of medium-dark-gray limestone, also clay and silt. 790-840 Clay and sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 840-860 Limestone, medium-dark-gray; and a large amount of white crystalline calcite and (or} aragonite (not shell material); also clay and stOt. 860-890 Clay, abundant pyrite. 890-950 Clay and silt, pyrite, and a small amount of medium-dark to dark-gray limestone near 910 ft; fish fragments at 900-940 ft. 950-970 Silt. 970-990 Clay(?} Much contamination from the Gubik Formation. 990-1, 000 Silt and very fine sand, medium-light-gray, subangular to subrounded grains, pri- marily white and clear quartz. 1, 000-1, 010 Limestone, medium-gray, small amount, and silt; fish fragments. 1, 010-1, 040 ~ Clay, abundant pyrite, fish fragments 1,010-1,030 ft. 1, 040-1, 050 Limestone, dark-gray, 5 in. at 1,050 ft; also medium-light-gray clay, fish frag- ments. 1, 050-1, 060 Clay and Inoceramus prisms. 1, 060-1, 061 No sample. N0. 4, ALASSA, 1944-53 BIMP$ON CORE TEST 20 Core 1 Depth (feet) ~ Description 0-4 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 4-20 Tundra, light-yellowish-gray clay, and sand; a few microfossils. 20-40 Clay and sand, numerous white pelecypod fragments, common Gubik microfauna. 40-90 Sand, fine to very coarse, and granules; grains varicolored (mostly yellow, white, and black) quartz and chart-partic- ularly black chart, subrounded, some quartz grains frosted. Microfossils rare to absent. Occurrence of some light- .gray clay from 80 to 90 ft suggests that Gubik-Seabee Formation contact occurs within this interval. 90-130 Clsy, light.-gray; abundant pyrite. 130-140 Limestone, medium-gray, very silty; grades to calcareous siltstone. 140-180 Clay, light-gray; abundant pyrite. 180-190 Limestone, medium- to medium-dark-gray. 190-220 Clay with common pyrite. 220-230 Siltstone, medium-gray; calcareous, 6 in. at 224 ft. 230-350 Clay; silt 270-280 ft. 350-360 Sitt; primarily white and clear quartz, small amount of biotite and coal present. 360-460 Clsy and silt. 460-470 Small amount of silty medium-gray lime- stone, also clay. 470-510 Clay- 5I0-520 Limestone, medium-dark-grail, fairly large amount. 520-610 Clay and some silt. 610-640 Clay, silt, and some very fine to fine sand. 640-680 Clay. 680-690 Limestone, medium-dark-gray, moderate amount. 690-760 Clay and ailt- 760-830 Clay. 830-840 Limestone, medium-gray, fairly large amount. 840-910 Clay. 910-920 Siltstone, medium-light-gray, very cal- careous; also clay and silt. 920-950 Clsy. 950-980 Clay and silt. 980-990 Clay and very fine sand. 990-1, 000 Siltstone, medium-light-gray, very cal- careous. 1, 000-1, OOl No sample. SIIKPSON CORE TEST 21 0-4 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 4-10 No sample. 10-20 Recovered 10 ft.: Microfossils absent. Clay, light-olive-gray, very soft and crumbly; several yellowish-brown limo- nitic streaks, a thin soft dark brown- ish-gray peat layer at 15 ft. Core was about 30 percent ice when first re- ceived; noncalcareous. 20-30 Recovered 10 ft.: Microfossils abundant. Clay with limonitic streaks as above, also some light-gray silty clay, slightly harder and less crumbly than above; noncaIcareous; white gastro- pod and pelecypod shells at 27 ft and broken pieces sparsely throughout interval. • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, 6IIKP90N CORE TEST 81--Continued Core I Depth (feet) I Desarlptton 30-40 40-I(}0 100-110 5 I 110-120 6 120-130 7 130-135 8 135-145 9 145-150 10 150-158 11 158-168 12 168-178 13 I i78-188 14 `I i88-198 Recovered 10 ft; Microfossils rare. Clay as above; becomes increasingly siltier in the last 5 ft of the interval; scattered rounded and polished black chert pebbles up to '/z in. in diameter found particularly in the last 3 ft of the interval; one pale-yellowish-gray very fine to fine ja in. layer of sand at 39 ft; aubround and a few aubangvlar grains, primarily clear, white, and yel- low quartz and gray and black chert; noncalcareous; rare white mollusk fragments. Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium (very coarse at 60-70 ft) ; yellow cast. Grains subrounded and polished, vari- colored; primarily white, clear, and yel- low quartz, also gray and black chert. Black chert pebbles and granules. Some medium-light-gray clap. Pyrite at 80- 90 ft may mark the top of the Cretaceous Seabee Formation. Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails absent. 4 ft 6 in., clay shale, light- to medium- light-gray, rather soft; silty laminae and partings, fairly good shale cleav- age, which parallels bedding; beds lie flat; micaceous flakes in silty partings; where silty partings are absent clay has hackly fracture. 1 ft 2 ia., siltatone, light-gray, rather soft; made up primarily of subangular white quartz; shalt' cleavage; noncal- careous. 4 ft 4 in., clay shale, as in first section of this core. Recovered ZO ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; some of the silty partings slightly darker color than clay due to presence of small amount of minute carbonaceous particles; non- calcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfoseils absent. Clay shale as above, no dip measured. Recovered 3 ft 6 in.: Microfoasils absent. Claystone, light-gray, soft; shalt' cleav- age absent, silty partings rare, curly bedding present; very slightly cal- careous. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray; light-gray silty laminae and partings; some of partings have numerous black flecks and broken plant remains. Fairly good shalt' cleavage; a few minute white pelecypods at 143 ft,; very rare brown chitinous fish re- mains; noncalcareous; 2° dip: Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core immediately above. Recovered•4 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale ea above. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clsy shale as above, quite silty in middle part of interval. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, hackly fracture present in claq shale where silty part- ings absent. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clsy shale as above, dips range from 0° to 5°. Core ALASSA 683 6IMP60N CORE TEST El-Continued ~ (teat) ~ Description 15 198-208 208-260 260-270 270-300 16 300-307 307-310 310-380 380-390 390-400 17 40o-410 410-420 420-440 440-450 450-460 460-486 480-490 490-500 18 500-508 508-560 560-570 b70-600 19 600-610 610-700 20 700-710 710-800 21 800-810 810-890 890-900 22 900-908 908-1, 000 23 1, 000-1, 007 1, 007-1, 010 1, 010-1, 100 24 1, 100-1, 107 1 1, 107-1, 110 1, 110-1, 150 1, 150-1, 160 25 1, 160-1, 200 1, 200-1, 209 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clap shale, light-gray; silty partings; some of partings have brown "stain" due to presence of very fine pyrite particles; good shalt' cleavage; non- calcareous • beds lie flat. Clap, medium-~ight-gray; some silt; pyrite common- Limestone, medium-dark-gray, slightly silty; contains a few carbonaceous flecks; 8 in. at 264 ft. Clay, abundant pyrite, 6 in. of very oal- careous siltstone at 273 ft. Recovered 4 ft; Microfossils absent. Cley shale as above, fewer silty partings and more hackly fracture; beds lie flat. No sample. C1&y, pyrite; 7 in. of medium-dark-gray very calcareous ailtstone at 361 ft. Limestone, medium-to medium-dark-gray. Clay and tundra.. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray; silty partings; nonealcareous; beds lie flat. Limestone, medium-dark-gray, 10 in. at 418 ft; clay. Limestone, medium-gray; silt, and pyrite. Silt, clay, Pyrite. Cley. Limestone, medium-dark-gray, 6 in. at 481 ft; claq. Silt and clay. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Clsy shale as in core 17 above; beds lie fiat. Clay sad silt, light- to medium-light-gray; some pyrite. Limestone, medium-dark-gray, and clay. Clsy. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core 17 above; dips 0°-4°. Clay, light- to medium-light-gray; some pyritic fish fragments at 650-660 ft. Recovered 2 ft 6 in.: Microfoasils absent. Clay shale as in core 1? above; dip 10°. Clay, medium-light-gray; pyrite common to abundant. Recovered 4 ft: Microfosails absent. Clay shale as in core 17 above; dips 20°-15°. C1ey, pyrite. Limestone, medium-dark-graq; also clay, pyrite. Recovered 8 ft: Microfosails absent. Clsy shale as in core 17 above; dip 15°. Clay, medium-light-gray; a little medium- light-gray silt from 970-1,000 ft. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Clsy shale, medium-light-gray, hackly fracture, rare silty partings, dip i2°; noncalcareous. No sample. Clay and silt, medium-light-gray. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core 23 above, silty partings common, dip 15°. No sample. Clay and silt. Limestone, medium-gray, 8 in. at 1,151 ft; also clay. Clay. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core 23 above, dip 15°. • 684 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE BIMPSON CORE TEST 21-Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 1, 209-I, 220 Claystone (harder than clay in ditch above), medium-light- to medium-gray; noncalcareous. Also small amount of silty medium-gray limestone. I, 220-1, 270 Clay, some silt at 1,260-1,270 ft. Top of Grandstand Formation at 1,265 feet. Probably top of a slump block; real top may be at 1,320 ft. 1, 270-I, 280 Sand, very fine to fine; primarily white and clear quartz, also dark chert, subrounded to subangular; a few hexagonal biotite plates. 1, 280-1, 300 Clay and sand. Dftrup¢ sp. fragment in sample 1,290-1,300 ft. 26 1, 300-1, 305 Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, light-gray, fine-grained, mod- erately hard, grains primarily quartz, but also a large amount of micaceous material (biotite and a fine white powdery cement which may be seri- citic), also a small amount of inter- bedded medium-gray clay. Last 13z in. of section is a hard light-olive-gray clay ironstone concretion; noncal- careous. 27 1, 305-1,.307 Recovered 1 ft, 9 in.: Microfossils absent. Claystone, medium-light-gray, hackly fracture, one (3a in. in diameter) frag- ment of brown lignite; noncalcareous. Bedding dips 45°-50°. Numerous well-polished stickensided fracture sur- faces dipping 70°. 1, 307-1, 310 No sample. 1, 310-1, 330 Clay, medium-gray. 1, 330-1, 370 No samples received in laboratory. Well geologist reported medium sand; con- cretions at 1,351-1, 400 ft. 1, 370-1, 400 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine; small amount of medium; composition as in core 26 above; some clay 1,380-1, 400 ft small amount of medium-grained com- position as above. Small amount of coal, 1,390-1,400 ft. 28 1, 400-1, 410 Recovered IO ft: Microfossils very rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, very soft and friable; primarily white and clear quartz, subangular to subrounded, also a little yellow quartz(?), dark chert and chlorite, in a matrix of white powdery material (a few frag- ments of same also mixed with sand) ; noncalcareous; no shows. 1, 410-1, 420 Sand, some clay. 29 1, 420-1, 430 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Sandstone as in core 28 above, pale- yellow-brown clay ironstone concre- tion at 1,425 ft. No oil shows. 1, 430-1, 460 Clay and sand, medium-light- to medium- gray, some chlorite. Ditrupa sp., 1,430- 1,440 ft. 1, 460-1, 470 Sand and clay. 1, 470-1, 500 Clay and sand, small amount of garnet i^ in sand. Ditrupa sp., 1,480-1, 500 ft. 1, 500-1, 502 No sample. 6YMP90N CORE TE6T 22 Core Depth (feet) Description 0--7 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 7-20 Ice, tundra, and gray clay; brownish-yellow cast; very fine to fine subangular to sub- rounded sand; primarily white and yellow quartz and dark chem. White pelecypod shell fragments and Gubik microfossils common. NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 SIMP60N CORE TEST 22-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 20-50 Clay, gray ; brownish-yellow cast and some sand. Pelecypod fragments and Gubik microfossils rare. 50-100 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium, mostly subrounded and well-polished; vari- colored but with much clear quartz. Well- 1 rounded black ehert and yellow quartzite II granules and pebbles, some clay. Electric log suggests that break between Gubik Formation and Cretaceous Seabee Forma- tion at 85 ft. 100-105 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray, slightly silty; slightly micaceous partings; considerable infiltration of drilling mud; noncalcareous. 105-200 Clay, light-gray; pyrite common to abundant. 200-207 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; dip 2°. 207-210 No samples. 210-230 Clay, pyrite common to abundant. 230-240 Siltstone (or limestone}, light-olive-gray, very calcareous, probably occurs near top of interval as a few chips occur in the sample above; also clay. 240-280 Clay. 280-290 Limestone, medium-gray, silty, also clay. 290-300 Clay. 300-304 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, rather soft and crumbly, hackly fracture, very rare silty partings; noncalcareous; dip 3°. 304-310 No sample. 310-400 CIay, lightr-gray; pyrite present. 400-408: Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core 3 shove; silty partings; I dip 9°. 408-420 ~ Limestone, medium- to medium-dark-gray. 420-500 Clay shale. 500-510 ~~ Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as in core 3 above, hackly frac- ture, silty partings rare, noncalcareous; dip estimated to be 4°. 510-600 i Clay. 600-610 ~ Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. I Clay shale as in core 3 above; dip 4°. 610-700 i Clay, pyrite present. 700-710 ~ Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. ~ Clay shale as in core 3 above; dip 5°. 710-800 ' Clay. 800-810 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. j Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray; ~ slightly harder than above, less hackly fracture and. more silty partings; non- ` calcareous; dip 8°. 810-815 i Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. 2 ft, clay shale as above; dip 9°. 1 ft 1 in., clay shale as in first part of this core but containing rounded pebbles up to 2 in. in maximum diameter of grayish- yellow clay ironstone and of medium- gray shaly clay; bedding distorted around these pebbles; also a few nearly vertical stickensided surfaces. 3 in., marl or very limey clay, medium-light- gray, fairly hard; contains crystalline calcite or aragonite, numerous biotite flakesscatteredthroughout. Smallamount of slickensides. 8 in., clay shale as in first part of this core. 815-900 Clay, some pyrite. CORE TESTS, SIMPS013 AREA, ALASBt'~ BIMP$ON CORE TEST 22--Continued Core ~ DepW (feet) ~ Description 10 900-903 Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale and breccia. Medium- to me- dium-dark gray shaly clay contains nu- merous noncalcareous medium-light-gray silty laminae toward the base of the inter- val. In upper foot, clay contains angular fragments of grayish-yellow ironstone concretions, grayish-black coal, medium- light-gray siltstone containing biotite and carbonaceous particles as well as pyrite, other fragments of medium-gray clay and light-bluish- to medium-bluish- gray bentonitic(?) clay. Several slicken- sided surfaces at high angles noted in this core. Bedding dips 60° in last foot of core. $IMPBON CORE TEBT 28 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 0-3 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 3-10 Tundra, ice, and medium-light-gray clay; also some varicolored subangular to sub- rounded sand. Pelecypod shell frag- ments. Gubik Foraminifers rare. 10-20 Sand, medium-light-gray; yellow cast, very fine to very coarse; subrounded to sub- angular varicolored quartz, dark chert, and carbonized wood or very low grade coal. Granules and pebbles of yellow sandstone; yellow, red, and green quartz- ite, and black chert. Pelecypod frag- ments common. Gubik Foraminifers rare. 20-40 Sand and clay. 40-100 Sand, medium-light-gray, very coarse to fine and granules and pebbles. Micro- fossils very rare to absent. Pelecypod fragments rare. 100-110 Recovered 6 ft: Gubik microfossils present. 4 ft 6 in., clay, medium-light-gray. Up- per 1}~ ft of core silty and contains rounded pebbles primarily of black chert-one gray limestone pebble is 2 in. in diameter; noncalcareous; also contains a few small shell fragments. 1 ft 6 in., silt, medium-light-gray, mod- erately hard, argillaceous, also sandy; contatns subrounded to rounded gran- ules and pebbles (up to '/s in. in diam- eter, generally smaller) of black chert; noncalcareous, a few small white shell fragments. 110-115 Recovered 2 in.: Entire recovery consists of a medium= gray very hard, dense noncalcareous claystone concretion(?). Contact be- tween Gubik Formation and Creta- taceogs Seabee Formation probably is somewhere between 110-115 ft. clay- stone not characteristic of Gubik Formation. 115-120 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray, hackly fracture; noncalcareous. 120-140 Clay, light- to medium-light-gray. 140-150 Limestone, medium-light- to medium- gray, 13 in. at approximately 140 ft; clay and some pyrite. 150-200 I Clay, very little pyrite. $IMPBON CORE TE$T 23-Continued 685 Core Depth (feet) Description 4 200-210 Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray: hackly fracture, also a fear medium- light-gray silty partings. Alternate beds, a fraction of an inch thick, show slight differences in color, rather like varves in the last few inches of the core; noncalcareous; beds lie approxi- mately flat. 5 210-218 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent- Clay shale as above. 218-250 Clay, light- to medium-light-gray. 250-260 Limestone, medium-dark-gray and light- olive-gray claystone. 260-300 Clsy; fish fragments 270-290 ft. 6 300-310 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare Cley shale as above, dip 12°. 310-370 Clav; fish fragments 340-350 ft and 360- 370 ft. 370-380 Clay and a very small amount of white crystalline calcite. 380-400 Clay; some light-gray silt. 7 400-405 Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, Iight- to medium-light-gray, rather soft, fair shaly cleavage, cleav- age parallels bedding; noncalcareous; dip 5°. S 405-408 Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, rare micaceous partings, rare silty light-gray laminae; noncalcareous; dip 9 . 9 408-410 Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 6 in. as above, dip 10°. 3 in., clay shale, very light gray; softer than shale above, a few small flecks of mica, resembles bentonite found in some of earlier Simpson core tests; however, it is not waxy and does not swell an unusual amount in water. Noncalcareous. 3 in., same as first part of this core. 410-500 Clay, light- to medium-light-gray. 10 500-510 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 5 ft, clay or probably mostly drilling mud, medium-light-gray. 5 ft, clap shale and clay, light- to medium-light-gray, hackly fracture; noncalcareous. Two in. of hard, dense medium-light yellowish-gray clap iron- stone, very calcareous in part at 508 ft• dip 5°. 510-540 Clay; fish fragments 51Q-520 ft. 54Q-550 claystone, medium-gray ; small amount, very slightly calcareous, also clay. 550-570 Clay. 570-590 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine; primarily white and clear quartz, rare biotite plates, small amount of dull black- coal 580-590 ft. The top of the Grand- stand Formation is at 575 ft. 590-600 Sand and clay, fish fragments. 11 600-610 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-olive-gray, very fine grained, nearly unconsolidated, subangular to subrounded; estimated 90 percent white and clear quartz; rest of material made up of highly altered rock or dark mineral particles, chlorite, and biotite; noncalcareous. 610-620 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine; mostly white quartz, small amount with very calcareous cement. Also medium-light- gray claystone (concretion?). 620-640 Sand, very fine; almost entirely quartz. Very rare Inoceramus prisms and fish fragments at 630-640 ft. 6H6 EXPI~PION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~, ALASKA, 1944-5~3 8IMP90N CORE TEST 23--Continned Core ~ Depth (feet) I Description 12 13 14 15 640-660 Clay and sand, a little coal at 650-660 ft. 660-690 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine, subangular to subrounded; clear and white quartz 85 percent, coal and dark minerals 10 percent, mica. 690-700 Clay and sand, yellowish-gray clay iron- stone. 700-710 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, hackly fracture, rare laminae and partings of very fine sand. Thickest of these sandy layers (2 in.} at approximately 705 ft and contains numerous coal particles in addition to the quartz as described in core 11. Three grayish- yellow dense clay ironstone concretions at 706, 707, and 708 ft, each about an inch thick; noncaleareous; dip 3°. 710-730 Clay and sand, clay ironstone concretion , and very rare Inoceramus prisms at 720- 730 ft. ?30-750 Sand, fine; primarily clear and white quartz. 750-7fi0 Clay. 760-770 Sand and clay. 770-800 Sand, fine; quartz plus a little dark chart and some fragments of coal; darker grains slightly larger than quartz, mica. 800-810 Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, silty to very fine-grained, practically uncon- solidated; primarily white and clear quartz, subangular to subrounded, also some yellow quartz(?}, muscovite, and biotite. Several laminae with an abundance of vitreous black coal particles-particles slightly larger than rest of sand grains. Grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretions at 809 and at 810 ft; noncaleareous. 810-860 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; small amount of yellow quartz(?), also small amount of very calcareous medium- gray siltstone 830-840 ft; fish fragments 850-860 ft. 860-870 Clay and sand, Ditrupa sp. fragments com- 870-880 mon. Sand and medium-light-gray clay. 880-890 Clay and sand; Ditrupa sp. 890-900 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; white quartz, 90 percent. Some dark chart, subangular to subrounded; Dit- 900-910 rupa sp. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, practically unconsolidated; primarily subangular white quartz; some muscovite, chlorite, and darker minerals or rock grains; noncaleareous. 910-920 Sand, Ditrupa sp., fish fragments. 920-950 Sand, grading downward from fine sand to silt t;o clay; fish fragments 930-940 ft. 950-990 Clay, clay ironstone, 960-970 ft. Ditrupa ap., 970-980 ft. 990-1, 000 Sand, very fine to silt; approximately 9 percent white and clear quartz, 10 per- cent dark constituents (brown, gray and black), some pyrite. 1, 000-1, Ol0 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. 4 ft 6 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft and friable; almost entirely white quartz; noncaleareous. Ditrupa sp. and various pelecypods including Inoceramus at 1,003 ft. SIMPSON CORE TEST 2a-Continned Core ' Depth (feet} Description 15 1, 000-1, 010 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 4 ft 6 in., clay shale and clay, medium- light-gray, silty; rather poor shaly cleav- age. A 2-in. layer of dull black low- grade coal or lignite at 1,006 ft; lines suggest original plant structure; con- tains finely disseminated pyrite. Im- mediately below coal a layer of pelecy- pod shell fragments; noncaleareous clay_ 1 ft, interbedded silt and clay. Thin layers of coal at 1,010 ft, dip estimated 3°. 1, 010-1, 035 Clap, silt, and.sand with mica, pyrite. 9IMPSON CORE TEST 24 Core I Deptb (feet) I Description 0-3 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 3-30 Tundra, ice, and medium-gray clay; yellow cast; small amount of sand. 3Q-40 Sand, medium-light-olive-gray, fine to medium subangular to rounded and polished; vari- colored quartz and chart; pelecypod frag- ments rare. 40-80 Sand as above, fine to very coarse; granules and pebbles of chart, quartzite and dark igneous rock, angular to rounded, also some yellowish-gray (Iimonite stained?) clay; pelecypod fragments common in upper part of core. 80--98 Clay, medium-light-gray; sand as above. Cretaceous contact (Seabee Formation} at about 85 ft. Volcanic glass shards present. 98-108 Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale and clay, light-gray, poor ahaly fracture; noncaleareous; dip 17°. 108-110 No sample. 1I0-296 Clay, light- to medium-light-gray; pyrite rare to common at 180-240 ft. Much tundra and contamination from the Gubik Formation. 296-306 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay, shale, light-gray, soft; scattered medium-light-gray micaceous-silty part- ings, good hackly fracture; noncaleareous; dip 5°-10°. 306-310 No Sample. 310-320 Limestone, medium-dark-gray, slightly silty; contains mica and carbonaceous fragments. Some yellowish-gray clay ironstone, also medium-light-gray clay. 320-440 Clap, light- to medium-light-gray; some pyrite at 340-400 ft. 440-446 No sample. 446--456 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 1 ft, clay shale as above but with less hackly fracture and more silty partings, dark-brown "stain" in partings caused by a concentration of the minute pyrite grains in the silt. 3 in., limestone, medium-gray, hard, slightly silty; contains biotite and carbonaceous flecks. 8 ft 9 in., clay shale as in first part of this core; noncaleareous; dip 7°. 456-460 No sample. 460-560 Clay. 560-580 Clay and very light to light-gray partly crystalline (partly powdery) calcite; calcite quite abundant 570-580 ft. CORE TESTS, SIIVIPSON AREA, Core Depth (teat) Description 580-600 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine, subangular grains; approximately 80 percent white and clear quartz, 20 percent dark chart and other dark minerals. Top of Grandstand Forma- tion at 580 ft. 4 600-610 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light gray, fine-grained, practically unconsolidated; subangular to subrounded grains, approximately 90 percent white and clear quartz; rest a dark mineral, muscovite, biotite, chlorite, and other alteration products; non- ealcareous. No shows. 610-640 Sand, fine; 90 percent quartz, some clay. 640-650 Sand, very fine to fine; subangular grains, mica. 650-660 Sand, also dark-yellowish-brown clay ironstone concretion. 660-680 Sand, small amount of clay, mica. 680-690 Sand, fine, subangular; 80 percent quartz, dark-yellowish-brown clay ironstone con- - cretion. 690-700 Sand, some dull black coal. 5 700-710 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, very fine- to fine- grained; some yellow "quartz," rare very carbonaceous partings; noncalcareous; beds lie flat or have very low dip. No shows. 710-730 Sand, very fine; 75 percent white and clear quartz, 15 percent yellow quartz(?), dark minerals, mica, some clay. 730-740 Clay, medium-light-gray; some sand. 740-770 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine (and slightly larger), subangular to subrounded; white and clear quartz, dark chart, and coal particles. ?70-790 Sand, very fine to fine quar~z 85 percent. 790-800 Sand, quartz 80 percent, very small amount of garnet. 800-840 Sand, quartz 75 percent, very fine to fine; grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion 810-820 ft. 840-850 Sand, very fine; primarily white quartz, also some yellow quartz(?) mica. 850-870 Sand, very fine to silt; uppermost occurrence of Ditrtcp¢ sp. fragments at 850 ft. 870-900 Sand, silt, and medium-light-gray clay. Ditrupa sp. BZbIPBON CORE TEST SS Cora I Depth (fast) I Description Bn~SPBON CORE TEST S4-{:ontinned 0-3 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 3-10 No sample. 10-50 Sand and a small amount of yellowish-gray clay. Light-olive-gray sand, varicolored grains, fine to very coarse, well rounded to subangular; primarily yellow,' clear, and white quartz, dark chart, and some pyrite. Well-rounded pebbles and gran- ules of dark-gray, black, and yellow chart, gray quartzite, and fine-grained black igneous rock. White pelecypod and gastropod fragments, very rare Foraminifers and oatracodea. 50-60 Clsy and some sand. 60-110 Sand, gravel, and a small amount of clay. Sand as above. Abundant well rounded black, dark-gray, green, yellow, and red chart pebbles. Also pebbles of white vein quartz, gray quartzite, and medium- gray limestone. Top of Seabee Forma- ~ Lion at 110 ft. ALAS BIIKI BON CORE TEST 2d-Continued 687 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 110-508 201-206 508-518 518-528 528-538 5 538-550 6 550-560 7 580-570 8 570-572 9 572-580~z 10 58031-591 Rest of ditch samples poor. Sand and pebbles from the Gubik Formation make up largest part of every sample and undoubted)y contamination from upper horizons. The section between 110-508 ft probably is predominantly a soft light- to medium-light-gray clay shale with rare silty partings. Traces of this clap remain in the ditch, but moat of the clay probably washed out with the drilling mud in the laboratory. There are no indications in the cuttings of the cal- careous streaks as suggested by the electric log at 230 and 420 ft. Recovered 3 ft: Microfoasils absent. Clay shale or shaly clay, medium-]ight- gray; scattered light-gray silty part- ings, one parting had brown finely disseminated pyrite, fairly good cleav- age, and parallel bedding. Upper foot of recovered section is badly infiltrated with drilling mud; noncal- csreous, dip of beds 3°. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossi7s absent. Clay shale or shaly clay, medium-light- gray; silty partings, very rare sandy partings, and very rare sandy laminae. Sand verp fine, approximately 60 percent subangular white and clear quartz; rest primarily of a dark min- eral and a white clay mineral; non- calcareous; dip 4°. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Micmfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; numer- ous silty and rare sandy partings as- above; cleavage fair to poor; some hackly fracture; noncalcareous; dip 4 . Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 3 in., siltstone, light-gray, slightly sandy, medium-soft, fairly good cleav- age, parallel bedding, very slightly calcareous; no shows; grades gradually into: 8 ft 9 in., clay shale, medium-Tight-gray; light-gray silty partings, fair to ex- cellent cleavage; noncalcareous; dip 4°. Recovered 8 ft: Microfoasils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-lightgray; good cleavage, numerous light-grail silty partings, very rare sandy part- ings; noncalcareous; dip 4°-6°. Recovered 10 ft. Micmfossils absent. Clay shale as above; dip 6°-15°. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossiis absent. Clay shale as above, some hackly frac- ture, numerous silty partings; dip 6°-10°. Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, poor hackly fracture, noncalcareous; dip difficult to determine, possibly up to 15°. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale and shaly clay, medium-light- grap; poor to fair hackly fracture, a few argillaceous silty lammae in the upper 2 ft of the section, rare silty partings elsewhere, a few biotite flakes in the silt; noncalcareous; dip 4°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair hackly fracture, few silty partings, come silty laminae; noncal- careous; dip 5°. 6S8 EX~ATION OF NA`'AL PETROLEUM RESERVE `4, ALASSA, 1944-5~3 BIMPBON CORE TEST 8s-COntlnneQ Core Depth (feet} Description 11 591-602 Recovered 10 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray ;partings and rare laminae of siltstone, fair to good cleavage parallel to bedding; noncalcareous; dip 4°-7°. 12 , 602-612 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. f Clay shale, as above; silty partings but ~ no silt laminae; dip 4°-6°. 13 I 612^623 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; dip 4°. 14 ~ 623-634 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; dip as high as 10°; i approximately half of total recovery ~ badly infiltrated with drilling mud. 15 f 634-644 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. ` Clay shale, medium-lightrgray; good cleavage parallel to bedding, silty partings, rare lightrgray silty laminae; noncalcareous; dip 6°. 16 ~ 644-655 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale as above; dip 6°-9° 17 i 655-665 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft; cleavage fair to poor, rare lightrgray silty or slightly sandy partings; yellowish-gray clay ironstone layer 1 in. thick at 657 ft, slightly calcareous (probably sideritic} ;rest of the core is noncalcareous; dip 6°. 18 665-675 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; fair cleavage; noncalcareous, 34-in. layer of yellowish-gray clay ironstone at 673 ft; dip 6°-13°. 19 675-686 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; noncalcareous; dip 8°-11°. 20 686-696}4 Recovered 10 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium soft; cleavage fair to poor, irregular fracture, some light-gray silty partings; noncalcareous; dip 12°. 2i 696ijr708 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; poor cleavage. Core badly infiltrated with drilling mud. One thin layer of clay ironstone at 698 ft; noncalcareous; dip 6°-10°. 22 708-71834 Recovered 9 ft: Microfosails absent. 1 ft, clay shale as in core 20 above. 6 ft, interbedded shalt' clay, siltstone, and sandstone. Medium-light-gray shalt' clay approximately 40 percent as above. Light-gray sandstone forms 35 percent and lightrgray siltstone 25 percent; very fine to fine sand, rather soft and friable, made up of about 60 percent subangular to subrounded white and clear quartz. Rest of grains are made up of biotite, car- bonaceous particles, dark chert, and rock fragments. Cement a very light gray argillaceous material, possibly slightly calcareous. Thin partings of coal or carbonaceous material are present. Core too soft for porosity and permeability test but appeals quite porous from drop test; no shows. 5 in., claystone, dark-gray, brittle; subconchoidal fracture. 7 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray; dark sandy carbonaceous partings. 8II1ilp90N CORE TEST 26-Continued Cora ~ Depth (feet} ~ Description 22 ( 708-71834 23 71834-729 24 729-73934 25 73934-749 26 749-75934 27 75934-770 28 29 30 770-780 780-791 791-801 Recovered 9 ft-Continued 1 ft, breccia made up of medium-light- gray clay shale, fragments up to an inch in diameter in a light gray sandy matrix, black streaks of carbonaceous material in sand. Sand contains particles of a soft white claylike mineral; I in. at the top of the section is a hard light-gray sandstone with a very calcareous matrix. Dip 12°, possibly higher. Recovered 1 ft: Mierofossils absent. Recovery consists primarily of drilling mud, also a small amount of medium- light-gray clay shale; nonealcareous. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale,. medium-light-gray; rare silty partings. Core badly mixed with drilling mud; noncalcareous; dip 7°. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; good cleavage parallel to bedding, tendency toward eonchoidal fracture, numerous light-gray silty partings, rare very fine sandstone laminae. Recovered 8 ft: Microfosaila absent. Clay shale; a few silty and sandy streaks as above. First 2 or 3 in. of section e rather hard medium- to medium-dark- gray argillaeeous silty limestone or very calcareous ailtatone; dip 7°. Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, moder- ately soft; poor to fair cleavage, rare light-gray silty and sandy partings, a few slightly sandy laminae, some tendency toward vertical fracture; noncalcareous; dip undetermined. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.. Microfossils absent. Clay shale and some sandstone. Core badly mixed with drilling mud. Ap- proximatelp 90 percent of recovery medium-light-gray, clay shale; poor cleavage, silty and sandy partings. Remaining 10 percent a soft light- to medium-light-gray very fine "dirty" sandstone;-contains numerous par- ticles of a soft white claylike material, which may be bentonite; contains biotite plates and carbonaceous par- ticles. Both clay and sand contain rare dull black carbonaceous im- pressions and coal chips. Some finely disseminated pyrite also noted. One thin broken Inoceranctcs shell frag- ment at 776 ft and very rare fish remains; noncalcareous; dip unde- termined. One piece of sandstone shows a possible dip to 35°, but may be crossbedding. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium soft; irregular fracture, very rare laminae of ailtatone and sandstone. biotite plates, and carbonaceous flecks. Two-inch layer of waxy bentonitic medium-light-gray clay shale at 786 ft; a 3'4 in. layer of white bentonite at the bottom, very rare brown fish fragments; noncaicareous; dip undetermined. Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfoasils absent. Clay shale, rare stringers of dirty sand and silt as above, rare yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretions; non-cal- careous; dip 7°7 CORE TESTS, SII~SON AREA, ALASI~ t37MPBON CORE. TEBT 96-Continued Cora ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 31 32 801-811'/z 8111-822 33 822-832 34 832-843 35 ~ 843-85334 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. Closely interbedded sandstone and clay shale, laminae 3i e-1 in•, in thickness. Sandstone light-gray, rather soft and friable, fine-grained, made up of subangular to subrounded clear and white quartz, yellow quartz(?), mica plates, carbonaceous flakes, rock fragg- ments, and a small amount of dark- gray chart. A large amount of soft white claylike material is present interstitially, rare partings in sand darker in color and more carbona- ceous; noncalcareous. Shalt' clay medium light gray, slightly harder than the sandstone, has ~oor cleavage; noncalcareous. Dip 22 -30°. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, clay shale and claystone, medium- light- to medium-gray, medium-head; fair haekly fracture, very rare stringers of sandstone. Pale-yellowish brown 134 in. clay ironstone nodules or concretions at top of section. Iron- stone does not effervesce with cold dilute HC1. Dip 10°-20°. 3 ft, breccia, angular fragments up to 2 in. in diameter of medium-fight-, medium-, and medium-dark-gray clay shale, bluish-gray clay shale, browmsh- yellow clay ironstone, small coal chips, and exceedingly rare small rounded black chart pebbles in a matrix of medium-soft friable very argillaceous sand of the type described in core 31 above. Fragments apparently have random orientation. Dip of breccia undetermined. A 5-in. section of core at junction of upper and lower halves of this recovery shows a 1/16-in. thick Layer of medium-dark-gray clay dip- ping 70°-75°. Clay shale with a dip of about 25° is on one side of this clay layer and the sandstone breccia with indeterminate dip is on the other; noncalcareous. Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. Breccia as above, slickensides at approxi- mately 80° angle. Top of Grandstand Formation at 832 ft. Recovered ZO ft 4 in.: Microfossils very rare. 2 ft 4 in., limestone (and clay shale) medium-light- to medium-dark-gray, argillaCeous, hard, dense; grades at top and bottom of interval into some- what softer very calcareous clay shale; the limestone fractures irregularly, the clay shale cleaves roughly parallel to the bedding; a thin lens of grayish- yellow clay ironstone at 83234 ft, dips 3°-4°. 8 ft, sandstone, medium-lightolive-gray, very soft, nearly unconsolidated; 90 percent white and clear quartz, also some black coal particles, grains sub- angular to subrounded, very fine grained to silty; noncalcareous; fair oil odor throughout the sandy section, yellow cut and brownish-yellow resi- due at 839 ft. Recovered 10 ft 4 in.: Microfossils com- mon. 4 ft, clay shale, medium-gray; haekly fracture, one thin black coaly streak- carbonized wood(?); noncalcareous. BIIKPBON CORE TEBT 86--COnpnned 689 Core Depth (feet) Description 35 843-85334 Recovered 10 ft 4 in.-Continued 6 ft 4 in., interbedded clay shale, 40 percent as in first part of this core and siltstone 60 percent. Light-olive-gray soft and friable siltstone made up almost entirely of quartz grains; noncalcareous, dip 3°; no shows. 36 853'/x864 Recovered 6 ft 10 in.: Microfossils com- mon. Interbedded clay shale, 80 percent and siltstone, 20 percent as immediately above; rare dark pyritic Elms, inch- thick grayish-yellow clay ironstone lenses or concretions at 856, 85S and 858 ft 6 in. Rare Ditrupa tubes, pelecypod, and gastropod shells in lower half of core; noncalcareous; dip 4°. 37 864-874 Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: Microfossils common. Clay shale and shalt' clay, medium-gray; poor haekly fracture, a few laminae of medium-li3htrgray siltstone, rare string- ers of black carbonaceous material, also very rare pyritic films; non- calcareous; dip 2°. 38 874-885 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfossils common. claystone and clay shale, medium-gray; somewhat harder than shale above, haekly or no good cleavage, very slightly silty, yellowish-gray clay iron- stone lens at 882 ft; noncalcareous; numerous brown and white pelecppod shell fragments throughout the core, an iridescent ammonite at 884 ft, Ihtrup¢ also noted; dip 3°. 39 885--896 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 3 ft 6 in., claystone, medium-light- gray, silty, rather hard, very cal- careous in the upper 7 in. of the seo- tion, irregular fracture; 2~ in. thick very hard slightly calcareous grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretion at 888 ft. 2 ft, eiltstone, light-olive-gray, medium- soft and friable, slightly sandy; also contains laminae of slightly calcareous, clap shale; a yellow ironstone concre- ton near bottom of section; silt con- tains some black carbonaceous string- ers, probably plant remains. 4 ft 6 in.: claystone, medium-light-gray, quite silty, medium-hard, slightly cal- careous in spots. Pelecypod at 896 ft, iridescent ammonite at 895 ft; dip approximately 3°. 40 896-906 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, medium-lighb to medium- light-olive-gray, argillaceous, soft and friable to medium-hard; fractures at 60° angle or otherwise very irregularly, rare dull black carbonaceous string- ers; core ranges from moderately to very calcareous; dip of beds obscure, probably lies nearly fiat; no shows. 41 906-916 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. Siltstone, medium-light-gray, very argil- laceous, medium-hard; irregular fraG ture, in places grades into silty claystone, scattered black and brown carbonaceous stringers; moderately calcareous; bedding not evident. 723-926 (~ 64 = 6(,~~ EXPL~ION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~ ALASB:AA, 1944-5~3 19IMP610N CORE TEST 2b~ontlnued Core DeptL (feet) Description 42 916-927 Recovered 20 ft 6 in.: Microfossils rare. Claysto'ne and small amount of clay shale, medium-light-gray, slightly silty, medium-hard, hackly, irregular fracture but with some tendency to vertical fracture; contains scattered coaly stringers and carbonaceous flecks; slightly to moderately calcare- ous; dip 3°. 43 927-938 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils common. 7 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, medium- . hard; fair cleavage parallel to the bed- ding, rare silty laminae, rare micaceous and carbonaceous partings, carbona- ceous plant remains, several grayish-yel- low clay ironstone concretions; non- calcareous with exception of ironstone; pelecypod fragments at 932 ft. 4 ft, siltstone, medium-light-olive-gray, medium-hard to medium-soft and friable; some argillaeeous streaks; silt is made up of subangular to sub- rounded clear and white quartz grains, carbonaceous particles and mica, an argillaceous matrix; fair cleavage par- allel to bedding, trace of very fine sand; pelecypod fragments at 938 ft; noncalcareous; dip 4°. 44 938-948 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; fair cleavage, rare laminae of siltstone, moderately calcareous. A 2-in. layer of hard medium-dark-gray limestone, 1}'~ ft from the top of the recovered section; 1 in. layer of very hard me- dium-grained grayish-yellow sand- stone; 60 percent quartz, rest is of a variety of minerals including a very small amount of glauconite and a soft white claylike mineral, yellow color comes from sideritic(?) cementing material; dip 4°. 45 948-959 Recovered 10 ft 6 in.: Microfosails rare. Interbedded claystone, 60 percent and siltstone, 40 percent of the type as de- ~ scribed in the cores above, poor or no I cleavage; slightly to moderately cal- l careous; rare small pelecypod frag- ments; dip low. 46 959-969 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, fair to poor hackly fracture ~ and medium-light-gray moderately hard claystone with irregular fracture at a steep angle; rare silty laminae; noncalcareous; dip 3°. Ditrupa in microfossil cut. 47 972-982 Recovered 10 ft: Microfoasils rare. 3 ft 7 in., siltstone, argillaceous, .inter- bedded; 80 percent siltstone and 20 percent clay shale. siltstone slightly calcareous, medium-light-gray, medium soft and friable; rare vermic- ular stringers of light-gray sandstone. Clay shale as in lower part of this core. 6 ft 5 in., clay shale or claystone, medium- to medium-dark-gray ;harder than siltstone above, poor hackly fracture; one slickensided surface dips 50° 6 in. from bottom of recovery; noncalcareous; beds lie flat or with very low dip. White pelecypod shell fragments in middle of recovered section. 6IbFP90N CORE TE$T 2b-Continued Core ~ Deptb (feet) ~ Description 48 I 982-989 49 ~ 989-1, 000 50 ~ 1, 000-1, 011 51 ~ 1, 021-1, 014 52 ~ 1, 014-1, 024 53 ~ 1, 024-1, 034 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Glay shale, medium- to medium-dark- gray, medium-soft; contains numerous partings and laminae of softer silt- stone, also rare streaks of dirty sand- stone, very fine to fine-grained; slightly to moderately calcareous; dip 3°. Recovered 8 ft: Microfosails common. 1 ft 6 in., claystone, medium- to medium- dark-gray, silty, micaceous, carbo- naceous, medium-hard; poor hackly fracture; noncalcareous. 2 ft 6 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft and friable; primarily quartz grains, some mica and carbonaceous flecks; noncalcareous. 4 ft, claystone as above in this core, numerous laminae of siltstone partic- ularly near the bottom of the section. Several black carbonaceous plant impressions and very rare very thin (}~ in.) streaks of dull black coal, with blocky fracture; dark color of claystone probably due to presence of finely disseminated carbonaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 3°. Recovered 5 ft: Microfosails very rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very soft and friable; some thin interbeds of clay shale; sand is very fine to fine- grained, subangular to subrounded, 80 percent white and clear quartz. some dark chart, carbonaceous particles and rock fragments; noncalcareovs: low dip; no shows. Recovered 2 ft: Microfossils common. Clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; fair to poor cleavage; noncalcareous; dip 3°. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils rare. 5 in., clay, medium-light gray. 1 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, very soft and friable; clean; made up of 80 percent white or clear quartz, rest dark chart, carbonaceous material, and other rare very fine to fine- grained, slightly silty minerals at the base of the interval; noncalcareous; no shows. 2 ft, clay shale, medium-dark-gray, moderately hard; fair cleavage par- allel to bedding, numerous medium- light-gray slightly micaceous silty partings, also dark-gray carbonaceous partings; noncalcareous; dip 3°. 1 ft 2 in., sandstone, fine-grained, as above, practically unconsolidated; no shows. 5 in., clay shale as above in this core. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils common. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-dark-gray to medium-gray, moderately hard; fair cleavage numerous partings and lami- nae of light-gray siltstone, rare irre- gular fracture; noncalcareous; dip 4°. 8 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, sandy, soft, and friable; noncalcareous. 1 ft 10 in., clay, medium-gray, moder- ately hard; irregular fracture, a slightly calcareous grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion at the top of the section. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASK~ $IM7'80N CORE TEST 26-Continued Cora ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 54 55 1, 034-1, 044 1, 044-1, 055 56 1, 055-1, 065 57 1, 065-1, 076 58 1, 076-1, 086 59 ~ 1, 086-1, 097 60 1, 097-1, 108 61 ~ 1, 108-1, 119 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossiis abundant. 2 ft, clay shale and claystone, medium- to medium-dark-gray; poor to fair hackly fracture; contains numerous coely brown and black plant remains. 4 ft, siltstone, medium-light gray; softer than overlying shale; bedding not well defined, rare thin interbeds of clay at the base of the interval; slightly calcareous. Recovered ZO ft: Microfossils absent. 5 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, very soft and friable, practically unconsolidated; 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest made up of dark minerals and (or) rock fragments, chalky white particles, small amount of yellow quartz(?) and mica, subangular to subrounded; no shows. 5 ft, interbedded clay shale 60 percent, sandstone 25 percent, and siltstone 15 percent. Clay, medium light-gray, fairly good cleavage, medium soft but harder than the sandstone and silt- stone. Sandstone described in upper half of this core. Siltstone, medium light gray, rather soft, argillaceous, fair to poor cleavage; yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretions at about 1,045 ft. Clay shale, siltstone, and ironstone are moderately to very calcareous. Recovered 5 ft: Microfosails very rare. Siltstone, medium-light-gray, very ar- gillaceous, medium-soft; medium-gray clayey laminae, rare shaly cleavage, irregular fracture; moderately calcar- eous; dip 6°. Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone as in core immediately above. Recovered 10 ft: Mierofossils rare. Interbedded claystone, clay shale, and siltstone with all gradations, medium- light-gray, medium-hard, fair to good cleavage; a few fractures which dip 80°, moderately calcareous, dip 4°-6°. Recovered 11 ft: Microfoasils common. 1 ft 10 in., interbedded claystone and siltstone as in core above, some hackly fracture. 9 ft 2 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, medium-soft to very soft and uncon- solidated; rare interbeds of clay shale, grayish-yellow clay ironstone concre- tions at 1,089 ft and 1,090 ft; slightly calcareous in spots; no shows; dip 7°-16°. Recovered I1 ft: Mierofossils common. 2 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, moder- ately hard; hackly fracture, slicken- sided surfaces dip 40° at 1,099 ft; noncalcareous; dip 2°(?). 9 ft, claystone, medium-light-gray, mod- erately hard, silty; irregular fracture; contains abundant pyritized and car- bonized plant fragments and impres- sions; most of pyritized impressions flat, 3a in. wide and extend across core parallel to bedding impression of fern like leaf noted at 1,100 ft ; noncalcareotts. Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils very rare. claystone, medium-light-gray, silty; black carbonaceous fragments, core badly infiltrated with drilling mud; slightly calcareous. $IMPBON CORE TE$T 28--Continued 69I (:ore ~ Depth !f??Y) ~ Description 62 63 1, 119-1, 129 1, 129-1, 140 64 1, 140-1, 150 65 1, 150-1, 161 66 67 ~ 1, 161-1, 171 1, 171-1, 182 Recovered 9 ft: Micmfoasils absent. 1 ft 8 in., siltstone, medium-light to medium-gray, soft and friable; a few interbeds of clay; noncalcareous. ZO in., coal, shiny black, rather soft and brittle; probably subbituminous; blocky fracture.. 3 ft, siltstone, argillaceoua and very silty, medium-light- to medium-gray micaceous claystone; black carbona- ceous flecks and fragments; grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretion or nodule at 1,122 ft, 2-in. layer of coal at 1,123 ft. 3 ft 6 in., siltstone, light- to medium- lightrgray, very soft--practically un- consolidated through parts of the interval, very slightly sandy; a few laminae of clapp; noncalcareous. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale and claystone, medium-light- to medium-gray, medium-hard; poor to fair cleavage parallel to the bedding, some hackly fracture, laminae as much as 4 in. thick of medium-light-gray siltstone; grayish-yellow clay iron- stone concretion at 1,134 ft; clay shale noncaleareous, siltstone slightly cal- careous; dip 3°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- hard; hackly fracture, rare lighter silty partings and laminae, some clay- stone; slightly to moderately calcare- ous; dip 2°. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils verp rare. 8 ft, clay shale as in core immediately above. 1 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, prac- tically unconsolidated; primary min- eral is white and clear quartz, 90 per- cent, also mica, carbonaceous flecks, rock fragments, rare white claylike particles and rare dark very fine to fine-grained,subangularto subrounded mineral; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, verp soft to practically unconsolidated; 75 per- cent white and clear quartz, also dark minerals and (or) rockfragments, some orangish-yellow subangular to sub- rounded quartz(?) and mica; better consolidated parts of this core cleave easily parallel to the bedding; noncal- ca<reous; dip 4°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 2 ft, siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft and practically unconsolidated; interbedded with a considerable amount of very fine sand; slightly calcareous. 1 ft, siltstone, medium-light-gray, hard, very dirty; contains mica, chlorite, car- bonaceous and argillaceous material, some sand. Mica plates and carbo- naceous flecks (broken plant frag- ments?) lie parallel to the bedding and make partings along which this rock cleaves easily; very calcareous; dip 3°. 7 ft, siltstone, mostly very soft, as in first part of this core, dark carbonaceous partings, rare very fine sand streaks, grayish-yellow clay ironstone concre- tion at approximately 1,181 ft; slightly calcareous in spots. 692 EXP~ATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~4, ALASgA, 1944-53 BIMPBON CORE TEBT 2b~ontinned Core j Depth (feet) ~ Description 68 i 1, 182-1, 192 69 1, 192-1, 203 70 1, 203-1, 213 71 1, 213-1, 224 72 1, 224-1, 234 73 1, 234-i, 245 74 1, 245-1, 256 75 t 1, 256-1, 266 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils common. Clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; poor to fair hackly fracture, a small amount of claystone with no regular cleavage, 2'/z-in. thick grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion at approxi- mately 1,183 ft, very rare, slightly silty laminae; noncalcareous except for iron- stone, which is moderately calcareous; dip 0°-2°. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale and claystone, medium-light- to medium-gray, medium-soft; poor to fair hacklyfraeture, rare lighter colored silty laminae and partings; rare slightly calcareous streaks; dip 4°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Interbedded clay shale, shale, and all gradations of these, light-gray, me- dium-soft, poor to fair cleavage, tiny brown pectenlike pelecypods at 1,207 ft; silty laminae are slightly to mod- erately calcareous; dip 3°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils common. Clay shale, medium-light gray, medium- soft; fair cleavage parallel to the bedding, scattered silty laminae and partings, s17ty laminae are slightly cal- careous in spots; beds lie flat or with low dip. Recovered 7 ft: Microfoss~7s common. Clay shale and claystone, medium- light-gray; poor cleavage, rare thin Laminae and partings of silty shale; dark very rare carbonaceous plant impressions; silt is slightly calcareous; dip 2°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossfls common. Clap shale, medium-light- to medium- gray; poor to fair cleavage, rare me- dium-light-gray silty laminae and partings; grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion'y~z in. in diameter at 1,238 ft; one DitruP¢ tube at 1,243 ft; rare silty streaks calcareous, dip 2°. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils common. 1 ft, claystone and clay shale, medium- light-graq, medium-hard; becomes silty toward base of interval. 6 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, practically un- consolidated, subangular to sub- rounded; made up 90 percent white and clear quartz; becomes silty toward base; noncalcareous. 3 #t 6 in.,'claystone and some siltstone, medium-light-gray; yellowish-gray clay ironstone near the base of the recovered section; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale 80 percent and siltstone 20 percent. Clay shale is medium light gray to medium gray, moderately soft, fair to good cleavage. Siitstone is medium light gray, medium-soft; both are slightly to moderately calcareous; dip 2°-4° BIIbiPBON CORE TEBT 2b-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) f Description 76 1, 266-1, 277 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to medium-grained, very soft to prac- tically unconsolidated; bulk of core is in the fine to medium range, 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest is-dark chert, rock fragments, mica, and other minerals plus an opaque white mineral, aubangular and in small part sub- rounded; noncalcareous; beds lie nearly flat; no cut, slight greasy film as residue from 1,275 ft. 77 1, 277-1, 287 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- to medium-grained, practically uncon- solidated, angular to subrounded; 70 percent white and clear quartz; car- bonaceous and cosly particles are very abundant in streaks; rock fragments, dark chert, hard chalky white parti- cles, and mica also present; poorly cemented fairly "clean" sand; non- calcareous; dip not determined; no shows_ 78 1, 287-1, 298 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, exactly as above but sand grain size is more in the fine range than the medium; a few inches of clay shale at the top of the section; no shows. 79 1, 298-1, 308 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, very soft and in part nearly unconsolidated, subangular to sub- rounded; grains made up of about 75 percent white and clear quartz; rest are dark-gray, black, opaque white, and yellowish-brown mineral grains and rock fragments, very small amount of mica; core too poorly con- solidated for porosity and permeability tests but appears very porous with drop test; noncalcareous; bedding indistinct, probably lies nearly flat; no shows. 80 1, 308-1, 319 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as described in core above, fine-grained; no shows. 81 1, 319-1, 330 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, slightly better con- solidated, very fine to fine-grained, micaceous (muscovite?) partings; beds lie nearly flat; no shows. 82 1, 330-1, 340 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, soft and friable; 85 percent white and clear quartz, also yellow quartz(?), carbonaceous and coaly particles, generally micaceous, a few silty laminae, very rare carbonized plant remains; 6 in. of medium-gray clay shale in about the middle of the core; noncalcareous; dip 3°; no shows. 83 1, 340-1, 351 Recovered I1 ft: Microfossils absent. 9 ft, interbedded siltstone and sandstone, medium-light-gray, soft and friable but not unconsolidated. Sandstone is very fine grained, similar to the sand described above, gradations through- out the section from sandstone to silt- stone; noncalcareous; dip 3°. 2 ft, clay shale and eIaystone, medium- light-gray, medium-soft but harder than upper part of core; irregular frac- ture; noncalcareous. CORE TESTS, SI1t~SON AREA, ALASBA~ gIMPgON CORE TEBT 2b--Conttnned Core ~ Depth (feet) j Description 84 { 1, 351-1, 361 85 { 86 87 88 1, 361-1, 372 1, 372-1, 383 1, 383-1, 393 ~ 1, 393-1, 404 89 ~ 1, 404-1, 414 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded ailtstone 70 percent and clay shale 30 percent. Siltstone, medium-lightgray, medium-soft and friable, fair to poor cleavage. Meditun- gray medium-soft noncalcareous clay shale; poor cleavage; dip 3°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded siltstone, claystone, clay shale, and a small amount of sandstone. Siltstone, 70 percent, medium light gray, medium soft and friable, slightly calcareous, irregular fracture; clay- stone and clap shale, 20 percent, medium light gray; cleavage absent to fair hackly fracture, medium soft, rare black carbonaceous flecks, non- caleareous. Sandstone, 10 percent in last foot at the bottom of the core, medium light gray, medium soft, very fine-grained; sandstone stained with oil (possibly from an outside source during shipping); noncalcareous; dip 3°-6°. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. 4 ft 6 in., interbedded siltstone, sand- stone, and claystone as i¢ core Imme- diately above; carbonaceous particles present, fracture(?) cutting core with dips up to 45°, dip of beds up to 22'; noncalcareous. 2 ft 6 in., claystone, medium-light-gray; medium-hard, Larder than all preceding cores, dark car- bonaceous particles common, mica present, irregular fracture but not fractured as in upper part; very slightly calcareous; bedding indistinct. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Siltstone, also small amount of sand- stone and claystone, gradations be- tween all of these, medium light gray, medium hard, slightly better con- solidated than most of the cores described above, good to poor cleavage parallel to the bedding; numerous small brown and black plant fragments sandy streaks are very fine grained, micaceous; whole interval slightly calcareous; dip 5°. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. claystone, medium light gray; harder than most foregoing cores, bedding indistinct, black plant impressions, and carbonaceous flecks distributed with random orientation throughout; no cleavage but irregular fracture roughly at right angles to the walls of the core; silty and sandy streaks in about the middle of the interval. Concentration of dark carbonaceous particles at 1,400 ft in very steep dipping "swirly" streaks suggest rock $owage or contemporaneous deforma- tion; slightly calcareous particularly in sandy-silty laminae. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. claystone and clay shale, verv silty, similes to core 87 above, light gray to medium light gray, very silty ;some medium-hard siltstone laminae, car- bonaceous flecks, and fragmentary plant impressions scattered through- out the core; slightly to rarely moder- ~i ately calcareous; dip 3°-5°. BIMPBON CORE TFIdT 2S-Continued 693 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Descriptions 90 91 92 1, 414-1, 425 1, 425-1, 435 1, 435-1, 446 93 1, 446-1, 456 94 1, 456-1, 467 95 1, 467-1, 478 96 1, 478-1, 488 97 1, 488-1, 499 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 9 ft 6 in., claystone and clay shale, light-gray, medium-hard; quite uni- form of texture and color, tendency toward conchoidal fracture, brown and black carbonaceous flecks present sparingly; very slightly to very cal- careous,increases with depth; dip 5°. 6 in., limestone, light-bluish-gray, medi- um-hard • tends to crumble into small chips. Glut with veins up to ~ in. thick of white prismatic crystals, possibly aragonite. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 4 ft. clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-hard; fair to poor hackly fracture, numerous brown and black broken plant fragments; slightly cal- careous; dip about 5°; broken brown- ish-white pelecypod fragments at 1,428 ft; grades gradually into: 6 ft, clay shale, medium-gray; leas coherent and fractures more irregularly than upper part of core, cleavage poor, rare medium-light-gray silty laminae; slightly to very calcareous, particu- larly in silty streaks. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils very rare. 6 ft, claystone, medium-gray, medium- hard; irregular fracture, no shaly cleavage, gastropod fragment at 1,441 ft; noncaleareous; becomes silty at base and grades into: 5 ft, sandstone, medium-]igLt-gray, fine-grained, soft and friable; sub- angular and rare subrounded grains; 75 peroent white and clear quartz; coaly particles and mica common along partings, '/s-in. thick coaly layer at the top of the section appears to be carbonized wood; sandstone is quite porous on drop test; noncalcareous; dip 6°-11°; no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray as in lower part of core 92 above, very fine to fine-grained, very soft and prac- tically unconsolidated; rare thin coal streaks; no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 7 ft, sandstone as above, fine-grained, nonealcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, claystone, medium-gray, medium- hard; good ahaly cleavage absent, irregular fracture; noncalcareous. 2 ft, siltatone, medium-soft, very cal- careous; no good bedding evident. 5 ft, clay shale, slightly calcareous; identical with uppermost part of section except it has a suggestion of cleavage parallel to the bedding; dip not determined. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. claystone, and medium-gray clay shale; no cleavage in the upper half of the core to fair cleavage in the lower; also calcareous micaceous medium-light- gray silty laminae in the upper half; dip 3°-7°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 5 ft, claystone, medium-light- to med~um- gray, medium-soft; core fractured and broken, fractures cut core at very steep angles, nearly vertical; slightly to moderately calcareous. r~ 694 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE BIMPBON CORE TEBT 26-Continued Core Depth (feet) DesCrlption 97 1, 488-1, 499 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 5 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, medium- soft; good shalt' cleavage parallel to bedding, no fracturing; slightly to moderately calcareous; dip 6°. 98 1, 499-1, 510 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage parallel to bedding in a small part of the core. Numerous near-vertical fractures cut the core similar to upper section in core 97 above; slightly to moderately cal- careous; dip 3°-4°. BIMPBON CORE TEST 26 0-3 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 3-20 Tundra, yellowish-gray clay, and dark- yellowish-orange, very fine to coarse, subangular to well-rounded sand, gray cast; primarily subrounded and polished; grains made up largely of resistant siliceous material-60 percent white and clear quartz, 20 percent yellow quartz, 10 percent black chert, and rest of miscellaneous varicolored grains. 3P-60 Clay, yellowish-gray, and granules of brown, yellow, and black chert and clear quartz sand; numerous pelecypod frag- ments, Gubik microfossils rare; asphalt- impregnated clay and sand. 60-70 Sand, medium-light-gray, subangular to rounded; almost entirely clear glassy quartz; abundant granules and pebbles of black chert. 70-80 Clay, sand, granules, pebbles-among them rare rock (quartzite) fragments, and asphalt-impregnated clay. SO-90 Sand, clap, pebbles. Top of the Ninuluk- Seabee sequence, undifferentiated, at 87 ft. 90-100 Primarily material from the Gubik Forma- tion. 100-117 No samples. 117-126 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils abundant. 1 ft 3 in., clay, light- to medium-light- gray, soft; no cleavage, very irregular fracture. 1 ft 3 in., clay shale, medium-gray, soft; good shalt' cleavage; contains abundant brown Ssh scales and other fragments, interbedded with medium- dark-gray very waxy bentonitic clay, also a 3¢-in. layer of very light yel- lowish gray bentonite in the middle of the section, abundant 'thin-shelled Znoceramus fabiatus Schlotheim pres- entin the clay shale. 5 ft. 6 in., interbedded light-gray clay shale of various types; excellent cleav- age; contains minute white specks, probably bentonite; contains rare fish scales. Medium-light-gray clay shale with rather poor cleavage. Medium- to medium-dark-gray clay shale that alternates with medium-light-gray in a varvelike fashion. Laminae ex- tremely fine (~ in. or less) ; darker shale contains a few chips of call and carbonaceous particles. Very rare waxy thin streaks of bentonitic clay. Inocer¢mus is present; noncalcareous; beds lie approximately flat. • N0. 4, ALASgA, 1944-5~3 BIIKPBON CORE TEST 2Fs~ontinued Core ~ Depth (feet} ~ Desrxiption 126-137 137-148 148-159 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils abundant. 7 ft 2 in., clay shale, light- to medium- light-gray; upper half of section tends to crumble easily, whereas lower part is better indurated; contains abun- dant finely disseminated waxy benton- itic material, rare streaks with dark carbonaceous particles; noncalcareous. 1 in., bentonite or very bentonitic clay, white, verp soft; crumbles easily into small pieces. 2 ft 9 in., clay shale, medium-light- to medium-gray, medium-soft; excellent cleavage parallel to bedding; 6 in. of very waxy bentonitic material in the middle of the section, medium-gray to yellowish-white. Shale contains abundant brown fish fragments, scales as much as an inch in diameter at 137 ft. Most fragments are 3ti of an in. or less; noncalcareous; dip 1°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils abundant. 1 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray to white, bentonitic; good cleavage, most bentonitic parts crumble easily; non- calcareous. 4 ft, clay shale, medium-light- to medium-gray, medium-soft, slightly bentonitic; a'/z-in. layer of yellowish- white bentonite at 139 ft. An out- standing feature of this section is the abundance of fishbone fragments and other megafossil remains. A well- preserved part of a fish showing vertebrae, ribs, and scales-probably a section of the fish just forward of the caudal fin-was found at 138 ft. Tiny white shell fragments as well as nearly complete shells are present- Inoceramus l¢biatws Schlotheim and Borissiakoceras sp. have been identi- fied; noncalcareous. 1 ft 11 in., clay shale, medium-dark-gray to white, verq bentonitic, crumbly, waxy; many alternate varvelfke beds; in general not as fossiliferous ae section above but one small ammonite (diameter 3i in.) found at 142 ft; radiolaria noted imbedded in core close to the ammonite; noncalcareous. 1 in., clay shale, dark-gray; contains an abundance of tiny flat oolitelike marcasite concretions with fishbone fragments; this small section has an odor resembling hydrogen sulphide; noncalcareous. 3 ft, clay shale containing abundant fossils as described in second part of this core, very .rare coaly plant re- mains; noncalcareous; beds lie ap- proximately flat. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils present. Clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; excellent cleavage, abundant fish frag- ments, very rare Inocer¢mus frag- ments, also rare coaly chips, some micaceous partings; noncalcareous; interbedded with bentonitic layers as follows: at 149 ft is 2 in. crumbled, yellowish-white nearly pure bentonite plus 3 in. of waxy medium-lark-gray bentonitic shale; at 150 ft is 2 in. dark bentonitic clay shale; at 153 ft, dark and light bentonitic shale; at 154 ft is 2 in. of dark-gray bentonitic shale; at 155}z ft is 5 in. of medium-light-gray • CORE TESTS, SII~LPSON AREA, 9IMP60N CORE TE6T Es-C,ontlnueQ Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Descrlptlon 148-159 159-I70 170-180 180-190 190-201 Recovered lift-Continued bentonitic shale; and last foot of core is about 70 percent light-colored bentonitic shale; noncalcareous; beds lie flat or with 1° dip. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils present. Clay shale, medium-light- to medium- gray, moderately soft; good cleavage, fishbone fragments are abundant in streaks but in general are rarer in this core than in those above. 2 ft 6 in. of total recovery is bentonitic as follows: 6 in. at top of core is very light gray to yellowish white; 4 in. at 160 ft is light gray to very light gray; 11 in. at 166 ft is very light to medium-gray shale; 8 in. at 169 ft, medium-light-gray; 1 in. at 170 ft medium-light-gray. All bentonitic layers are soft and crumble easily when dried out; noncalcareous; beds lie flat or with very low dip. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils absent. 9 in., clay shale, medium-Iight-gray, moderately soft; good cleavage; non- calcareous; beds lie approximately flat, 2 ft 3 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, soft and friable; strong olive-colored oil stain; subangular; 60 percent white and clear quartz, 20 percent soft green and gray rock fragments (clay shale?), abundant mica (biotite in part) rare pyrite and other minerals; noncal- careous; strong oil odor, bmwnish- yellow cut and yellowish-brown resi- due from the base of the interval. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, sandstone, as described immedi- ately above, very soft, oil stained. 1 ft 3 in., very calcareous sandstone grading to very sandy limestone, medium-gray with slight oil stain, very hard, irregular fracture, same type of sand as described above; alight oil odor. 3 ft 9 in., sandstone, soft as in first interval of core, oil-stained; has oil odor, yellow cut, and yellow residue from 188 ft. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. 2 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine-grained, practically unconsolidated; alight oil stain, grains as described for sands above; noncalcareous. Slight odor; grades into: 2 ft 6 in., sandy ailtstone, medium-light- gray, medium-soft and friable; slight oil stain; cleaves parallel to the bedding. Contains abundant mica; noncalcareous; dip 1°; fair to good oil odor. 4 in., ailtstone, medium-light-gray, very hard, very calcareous, micaceous. 1 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft, silty, micaceous; noncalcareous; breaks irregularly. 8 in., siltatone, medium-light-gray, very hard, very calcareous, micaceous. 4 ft 4 in., siltstone, medium-lightrgray; sandy, very to medium-soft; noncal- careous; in part has good olive-colored oil stain; filled with abundant minute micaceous plates; very good oil odor, brownish-yellow cut, yellowish-brown residue from 200 ft. ALASSA 8IMP60N CORE TEfiT 26~ontlnued 695 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ DeSCriptioL 201-232 Sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 232-242 No sample. 242-253 Sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 253-260 Few chips of calcareous sandstone, medium- gray, very fine-grained, mica plates. Con- tamination from the Gubik Formation. 260-263 No sample. 9 263-274 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. 7 ft 2 in., interbedded clay shale, 70 percent; and silt shale, 30 percent. Clap shale medium-light-gray, me- dium-soft, and silty, fair cleavage, very rare carbonaceous partings; silt- atone occurs in beds up to 1 ft thick but generally in laminae of less than an inch; medium light gray but easily distinguished from clay shale by olive- colored o~1 stain, medium soft, mica- ceous, sandy, noncalcareous; beds lie f approximately flat; good oil odor and stain, yellowish-brown cut, brown residue from 268 ft. 7 in., coal, dull black to brownish black, low-grade; blocky fracture; very thin beds visible because of slight changes in texture and luster. 3 ft 3 in., claystone, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; irregular fracture roughly parallel to bedding but no good cleavage, noncalcareous; beds lie approximately flat. 274-285 Clay, medium-light-gray and medium-light- gray fine sand; white and clear quartz, some dark chert. 285-300 Sand contamination from the Gubik Formation. 300-306 No sample. 10 306-317 Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails absent. Sandstone, medium-dark-olive-gray, fine- grained, very soft and friable, sub- angular; pronounced oil stain; 60 percent white and clear quartz, rock fragments, biotite, and other dark minerals make up rest; black carbo- naceous partings are present; last 6 in. of the recovery is a very hard dense grayish-yellow clay ironstone concre- tion filled with carbonaceous flecks and many sand grains; porosity and permeability not determined because formation is so soft; noncalcareous; dip 3°; very good oil odor, deep amber cut, brown residue from 309 ft. 317-370 Sand, medium light-gray, fine, subangular; 90 percent clear and white quartz, also black chert, carbonaceous fragments, and mica. Some contamination from the Gubik Formation. 370-390 Clay(?) ; Sand from Cretaceous and. Gubik strata. 390-480 No sample. Top of Grandstand Forma- tion at about 420 ft (based on the electric log and on correlation with nearby core testa). 480 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine, 90 percent white and clear quartz, some dark chert, rock fragments (schist), mica. 480-498 No sample. 11 498-509 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-light- to medium- gray, medium-hard, slightly silty, noncalcareous; poor cleavage; dip 3°. 509-530 No sample. • 696 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE 13IMP60N CORE TEST 96--Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 530-569 Silt and very fine to fine sand, probably some clay. Sand from the Gubik Forma- tion. 12 569-580 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-light- to medium- gray, medium-hard; fair to good cleavage, several medium-light-gray laminae, particularly in the upper half of the recovered section; rare laminae up to'r4 in. thick of yellowish- gray clay ironstone, one f/s in. thick at 570 ft. Scattered mollusk fragments; noncalcareous; dip 2°. 580-600 Sand, fine. 600-630 Clay, medium-light-gray, and sand. 630-690 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine, subrounded to subangular; 80 percent white and clear quartz, dark chert and rock frag- ments, mica, some brownish-yellow quartz 680-690 ft. 690-720 Probably mostly c}ay, much contamina- tion. 720-730 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium, subangular; 80 percent white quartz, 5 percent darker grains (salt and pepper); rest rock fragments and mica. 730-760 Sand, fine, as above; some yellow quartz. 760-780 Clay and sand, clay ironstone 770-780 ft. 780-820 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine; 90 percent white and clear quartz, trace yellow quartz, some dark minerals, mica becomes silty toward base. 820-870 Silt, clay, sand; Ditrupa sp. first occurs at 820-830 ft. 870-880 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine; angular white and clear quartz, gray chert, also much contamination from the Gubik. 880-910 No sample. 910-920 Clay, medium-light-gray, and sand. Ditrupa sp. 920-930 No sample. 930-950 Sand, medium-light-gray; mostly white and clear quartz, also fine gray chert. Ditrupa sp. 950-960 Sandstone, medium-light-gray, calcareous, clay ironstone, Ditrupa sp. 966-1, 050 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium; mostly subangular white and clear quartz, dark chert. Some sand from the Gubik. Grayish-brown clay ironstone 960-970 and 1,020-1,030 ft. Ditrupa sp. 980-990, 1,010-1,020 and 1,030-1,040 ft. 1, 050-1, 070 Clay, medium-light-gray, and sand. 1, 070-1, 080 Sand; Ditrupa sp. . 1, 080-1, 090 No sample. 1, 090-1, 100 Clay; Ditrupa sp. fragment. 1, 100-1, 140 No sample. 1, 146-1, 160 Clay, sand, clay ironstone. Ditrupa ap. fragment, 1,140-1,150 ft. 1, 160-1, 171 No sample. 6IM)'60N CORE TffiT H7 0-5 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 5-102 No samples received by the Fairbanks laboratory from this interval. Well ge- ologist reported "silt and clay shale." 1 102-107 No recovery. NO. 4, ALASgA, 1944-5.3 BIMF90N CORE TEST 27-Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 2 107-112 Recovered 2 ft: Micmfoasila rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft, fair to good cleavage parallel to bedding, infiltrated with drilling mud; noncalcareous; dip 25°. 112-113 No sample. 3 113-124 Recovered 3 ft: Microfosails rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; good to excellent cleavage, scat- tered medium-gray clay partings; non- calcareous; dip 20°-25°. 4 124-135 Recovered 10 ft: Microfoasils common. Clay shale as immediately above; few laminae ' of light-gray siltstone, non- calcareous; dip 25°-30°. 5 135-146 Recovered IO ft: Micmfossils common. Clsy shale, Iight- to medium-light-gray; fair cleavage; similar to core above, extremely rare coal chips; noncalcare- ous; dip 17°. Top of Ninuluk-Seabee Formations undifferentiated at 146 ft. 6 146-157 Recovered 10 ft: Micmfossils abundant. 1 ft 8 in., clay shale, light-gray, medium- soft, silty, bentonitic; contains abun- dant minute brown biotite plates distributed throughout, some black carbonaceous particles; nonealcareons; dip 4°-8°. 4 ft, clay shale, light- to medium-dark- gray; lighter colored shale bentonitic as in upper part of this core and darker part • (most of core) contains numerous carbonaceous flecks; cleav- age good, rather soft and crumbly; noncalcareous; dip 3°-6°. 2 ft 10 in., clay shale, medium-gray; similar to section immediately above but contains abundant brown fish fragments. Irtoceramus labiatus Schlo- theim and Borissiakoceras sp. in the interval 154-155 ft. IIp to an inch of soft very light gray bentonite at approximately the following depths: 153, 155, and 15531 ft; noncalcareous; dip 2°. 1 ft 6 in., claystone, light-gray; slightly harder than the rest of the core, no cleavage; fractures irregularly; con- tains irregular slightly silty laminae, rare black carbonaceous fragments; noncalcareous. 7 157-168 Recovered 10 ft: Micmfossils abundant. 5 ft 5 in., clay shale, Iight-gray, medium- soft, bentonitic, silty; fair to good cleavage; contains abundant minute biotite plates; noncalcareous; dip 2°. 4 ft 7 in., clay shale, medium-gray, rather soft; excellent cleavage; light- gray bentonitic clay shale up to 3 in. thick at 163'~z, 164, and 165 ft. Very light gray bentonite at approximately 164'~i, 166, and 167 ft. A small Bbris- siakoceras sp. at about 166'~a ft, abun- dant fiahbone fragments; noncalcare- ous; dip 2°. Inoceramus prisms in micmfossil sample. 8 168-179 Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails abundant. 2 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-gray, me- dium-soft, thin-bedded; very good cleavage; very light gray partings of bentonite 3 in. from the top of the core; shale contains numerous Boris- siakoceras sp., Inoeeramus labiatus Schlotheim, and abundant brown fish- bone fragments; noncalcareous. • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASS~ Core I Depth (feet) ~ Description 168-179 9 10 HIlY)P130N CORE TEST 24-COnttnned 179-190 190-201 I1 1 201-211 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 2 ft 3 in., interbedded clay shale and bentonite, medium-gray and very light gray; varvelike very thin interbeds, soft, crumbly, good cleavage; bottom 6 in. is almost all light-gray bentonitic clay shale. 7 in., clay shale; abundant fishbone frag- ments as in first part of this core. 4 in., limestone, light-gray, medium- hard; has acicular crystals and sheen similar in appearance to satin spar; very irregular fracture. 1 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-gray as in first part of this core, abundant Ino- ceramus and fish fragments. 6 in., limestone, medium-dark-gray, hard, dense, lithographic; conchoidal fracture; contains brown fish frag- ments, one very thin vertical vein of white calcite that cuts a fish scale, also some very thin horizontal veins. 3 ft, clay shale; fishbone fragments as in first part of this Bore; noncalcareous. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils abundant. 6 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, medium- soft, thin-bedded; bentonitic partings and laminae; 3 in. of light-gray ben- tonitic shale at approximately 186 ft. Shale contains abundant fishbone fragments, 1 in. of medium-gray limo- stone at 182 ft. 3 in., bentonite, very light gray, waxy; but very soft and crumbly when dried out. 1 ft, limestone, medium ark-gray, hard, dense, lithographic; with irregular fracture, laced with a few white calcite veins up to ~ in. thick. 3 in., bentonite, very light gray, almost white, very soft and crumbly. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, exactly as in first part of this core; noncalcareous; dip 0-3~i°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils abundant. 7 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-gray, soft, thin-bedded; good cleavage contains numerous fishbone fragments but not quite as abundant as in the two pre- ceding cores. Bentonite occurs as follows: starting at 192 ft 7 in. of very Light to light-gray very benton- itic shale and bentonite, crumbles when dried out; several light-gray very bentonitic shale laminae in the interval 193-194 ft; 1 in. medium-gray bentonitic shale at 196 and 196yz ft; 6 in. starting at 197 ft of silty medium-: light gray bentonitic clay shale. 2 ft 6 in., sandy siltstone and silty sand- stone, light-gray, soft and friable, silty and very fine grained, non- calcarepus; primarily white and clear quartz but also abundant mica and pyrite, dip 1°; no shows. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, Iight-gray, fine silty, soft and friable; subangular to subrounded, good cleavage parallel to the bedding; largely white and clear quartz, also abundant biotite and some chlorite, glauconite, and pyrite, loosely ce- mented with argillaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 3°; no shows. BIbIP60N CORE TEST 27--Continued 697 Core Depth (feet) Description 12 211-221 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, exactly as in core above; 5 in. of hard very calcareous sand- stone at about 225 ft, composition same as above; the rest of the sand- stone is noncalcareous; dip 3°; no shows. 13 221-231 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils common. 5 ft, sandstone as above, silty to fine- grained; contains several -medium- light-gray clay shale laminae up to several inches thick; no shows. 5 ft, interbedded clay shale 80 percent and siltstone 20 percent. Siltstone is light-gray similar to sandstone above. Clay shale is medium light gray, medium-soft, silty, poor to fair cleavage, contains abundant mica disseminated throughout. Noncal- careous; dip 2°. 14 231-242 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Siltatone, light- to medium-light-gray, soft and friable, argillaceous; poor or no cleavage, scattered sandy laminae; contains quite a bit of mica and pyrite; irregularly fractured; a 2-in. thick hard yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretion. Several white unidenti- fied pelecypod fragments at 231'4, 23234, 237~z, and 238 ft• noncal- ~ careous; dip unmeasured, low; no shows. Inoceramus prisms in micro- fossil sample. 15 242-253 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Siltstone, medium-Iight-gray, very arRil- laceous, very soft and friable; grades in places to clay shale; poor or no cleavage. Rock harder where larger proportion of clay present; micaceous, pelecypod fragments (various types) at 247 ft; noncalcareous; dips variable, probably because of crossbedding, at most not more than 5°. 16 253-264 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium soft, micaceous; very silty throughout, poor cleavage, several small coyly frag- ments; noncalcareous; dip 1°. 17 264-267 Recovered 2 ft 9 in.: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; silty partings and laminae, fair cleavage; noncalcareous; dip low. 18 267-278 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale as above, rare silty laminae and partings; thin (34 in.) band of yellowish-gray clay ironstone at 272 ft. A few small white pelecypod fragments at 273 ft; noncalcareous; dip 134°. 19 278-289 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils (one species) common. Sandstone and siltstone, medium-light- olive- and medium-light-gray, the olive-colored part (15 percent) is oil stained and fine grained; rest very fine grained, silty, and very argillaceous; grades in places to medium-light-gray clay shale, with poor cleavage; sand grains subangular, 85-90 percent white and clear quartz, rest made up of dark chart, carbonaceous particles, pyrite, and rock fragments (the latter are sand size). Stained parts of core very soft and friable, nearly unconsolidated, rest medium soft. A hard yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretion at 283 ft; noncalcareous; dip low. One con- 698 Core 19 ~ i i 20 21 EXP~ATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~4, ALASBA, 1944-5~3 BIMPC30N CORE TEST 27--Continued 278-289 289-300 300-311 22 ~ 311-3I7~ Description Recovered IO ft-Continued tinuovs oil stained section of core of 1 ft 5 in., other stained parts consist only of thin laminae. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very scarce. 6 ft 6 in., interbedded sandstone-siitstone 80 percent and clay shale 20 percent. The sandstone-siltstoue is light gray to medium light gray, soft and friable, with poor cleavage, grains subanguhir to subrounded (mostly subangular), silty to fine-grained, 80 percent white and clear quartz, some black carbo- naceous particles, mica, dark chert, glauconite(?) and much argillaceous material. The clay shale is medium light gray, silty, micaceous, fair cleav- age. Thin layers of hard yellowish- gray clay ironstone at 289, 289~a, 291, and 292 ft; noncalcareous; dig 3°; no shows. 1 ft 10 in., coal or lignite, dull black and shiny black, thin-bedded, very brittle; breaks into little blocky chips. 1 ft 8 in., clay, light-olive-gray, medium soft; breaks haphazardly, contains nu- merous black carbonaceous particles and plant impressions. Clay grades to medium light-gray clay shale at the base of the interval; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft. Microfoasils absent. 3 ft 5 in., composed of two-thirds inter- bedded sandstone and one-third clay shale, closely alternating. Lightgray medium soft very fine to medium- grained, subangular, sandstone; 75-80 percent white and clear quartz; rest primarily dark chert and mica; smaller the grain size, the larger the proportion of quartz. Matrix very argillaceous, some grading into clay shale, matrix possibly bentonitic. Medium-light- gray medium soft clay shale; fair cleavage. Partings of carbonaceous fragments and particles; dips variable up to 6°, probably crossbedding; no shows. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, varvelike thin interbeds, and light- gray siltstone including scarce sandy laminae; black plant fragments in partings. 1 ft 5 in., clay, light- to medium-light- gray, medium-soft, brittle; when dried out crumbles into small blocky chips. 1 ft 9 in., clay shale, medium- to dark- gray, carbonaceous, soft; fair cleavage, 1 in. of light-yellowish-gray bentonite, 5 in. from bottom of section- 1 ft 7 in., bentonite, very light gray, soft, crumbly; speckled with hexagonal brown biotite plates. 4 in., clay shale, dark-gray, medium-soft; core is noncalcareous. Recovered 6 ft 6 in.: Microfoasils absent. 4 ft, clay shale, dark-gray (dark color probably due to large amount of mi- croscepic carbonaceous material), very soft, fissile in part, micaceous. Two 1- to l~e in. layers of light-yellowish- gray bentonite at the bottom and 1'~i ft from the bottom of the section; biotite not present in this yellowish bentonite; noncalcareous; dip 3°. BIIKPI90N CORE TF~T 27-COntmued Core ~ DeptL (feat) ~ Description 22 23 24 31 I-317'/z ~ 317'~t-322'/z 322~z-325~z Recovered 6 ft 6 in.-Continued 2 ft 6 in., sandstone, light- to medium- light-gray argillaceous and silty; par- ticularly at the top of the section; very fine grained subangular to subrounded (mostly subangular) sand; consists al- most entirely of white and clear quartz; some mica and carbonaceous particles; very rare and thin-medium- gray clay shale laminae; noncalcar- eous; very faint oil odor near base of section. Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. 1 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, rather hard; poor cleavage, slightly lighter colored silty laminae. 6 in., sandstone, light-gray, fine to medium-grained, very soft and friable; made up of white and clear quartz, 75 percent; medium-hard opaque white grains, 10 percent; black coat and dark chert particles, 10 percent; also mica. Has a clayey very light gray bentonitic matrix; non~alcare- ous; slight odor of oil; grades into: 1 ft, bentonite, medium-Ight-gray, clas- tic, soft; but slightly harder than above. A peculiar section consisting mainly of bentonite grains (or some similar clay material) in a matrix of bentonite_ Bentonite grains very pale yellowish brown, medium-sized, sub- rounded, just slightly harder than the matrix and "pop out" easily when poked. Number of quartz grains associated with bentonite ranges from virtually none to the sandstone type as above. Black coal particles either in partings and (or) disseminated throughout constitute an important part of the rock. Coal grains in partings range up to very coarse size. Concentrations of carbonaceous mate- rial give a spotty appearance to parts of the core. Chlorite, muscovite, and biotite are abundant in rather large plates. Matrix is very light gray, soft, bentonitic. A chip of the clastic bentonite swells into a gelatinous mass when dropped in water; grades into: 2 ft, clay shale, medium-dark-gray; very silty particularly near the top; medium-light-gray silt laminae, poor cleavage, coaly and micaceous parti- cles. Core is noncalcareous; dip I °-3 °. Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils common. 2 ft 3 in., clay shale, medium- to medium- dark-gray, medium-soft; poor to fair cleavage, tendency toward conchoidal fracture; contains scattered black ..carbonaceous plant fragments and impressions, rare irregular silty string- ers. One in. of soft very light gray bentonite a foot from the top of the core contains numerous hexagonal biotite plates. One in. of medium- olive-gray sandstone just below the medium-soft argillaceous fine- to medi- um-grained subangular to aubrounded bentonite; 3s in. of very light gray bentonite 3 in. from the bottom of the section; noncalcareous; dip 1°. • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASR~ fiIMP90N CORE TEST 27-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 24 i25 26 322-325~i 325'r~c~-336 336-347 27 347-358 28 358--369 29 30 369-380 380-391 Recovered 3 ft-Continued 9 in., sandstone, dark-olive-gray, fine to medium-grained very soft, nearly unconsolidated; see description of this type of sand in core below. In a saturation test of a sample from 324 ft, the petroleum content was 17.2 percent by volume, the basal sediment and water content was 15.9 percent. This implies an approximate porosity of 33.1 percent for this section; non- calcareous; dip not determined. Recovered 10 ft.: Mierofosalls absent. Sandstone, dark-olive-gray,fine-grained, very soft and friable to nearly uncon- solidated; includes a few medium grains made up of 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest dark-gray chart, dark rock fragment particles, and minerals• biotite very rare, primarily subangular, very loosely cemented with argillaceous material; noncal- careous; bedding obscure but beds probably lie very nearly flat. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, fine to medium- grained; several partings contain black coaly material, several fragments of coal up to ~ in. thick, ~ in. thick yellowish-gray clay ironstone con- cretion at 337 ft, very -are clay laminae; noncalcareous; dip 1°, erratic dips up to 12° probably represent crosabedding; well geologist reported "oil stained but not saturated through core using oil as drilling fluid. Center of core light brown ether cut." Recovered 10 ft.: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, dark-olive-gray, fine-graded very soft, practically unconsolidated, subangular to subrounded; 75-80 percent white and clear quartz; rest dark chart and rock particles; non- calcareous; dip undetermined; strong oil odor and stain. Recovered 11 ft: Microfoasils absent. Sandstone as above, very fine to fine- grained; noncalcareous; dip undeter- mined;oil stain slightly less than above. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 8 in., sandstone, medium-light-olive- gray, as above, very fine grained to silty, noncalcareous; dip undeter- mined; alight oii stain. 9 in., limestone, light-olive-gray, very hard, dense, silty; tends to fracture roughly parallel to the bedding, also vertically; contains minute micaceous and carbonaceous particles. 8 ft 7 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; fair hackly fracture; medium-light-gray silty partings and laminae up to 1~ in. in thickness; silt slightly softer than clay shale; slightly yellowish-gray hard clay ironstone concretion 2 in. from the top of the section; noncalcareous; ironstone is very slightly calcareous, dip 0°-3°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 3 in., clay shale as in lowest part of core above, dip 3°; grades into: BIN1~130N CORE TE6T 27--COntlnned 699 Core I Depth (teat) ~ Description 30 31 32 33 34 380-391 391-402 402-413 413-424 424-435 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 2 ft 8 in., sandstone and siltstone, light- olive-gray, silty to very fine grained, medium-soft; fair cleavage parallel to bedding, rare larger grains subangular to very rare subrounded. Seventy- five percent white and clear quartz, also some dark chart and rock particles. Rare slightly carbonaceous partings. 4 ft, interbedded siltstone and clay shale, laminae up to 5 in. thick; noncal- careous. 2 ft 1 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage, one very small nodule of pyrite near the top of the section; clay becomes medium gray at the very bottom of the core; non- calcareous. Recovered I1 ft: Microfossils very rare. 3 in., clay shale, medium-gray, as im- mediately above. 5 in., coal or lignite, dull black, brittle. 8 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; good hackly fracture, very rare carbonaceous plant frag- ments; 2-in. thick hard grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion at approxi- mately 396 ft, noncalcareous; dip 3°. 1 ft 10 in., clay shale, medium-dark-gray, very carbonaceous, medium-soft; good cleavage, contains abundant black plant impressions and coaly partings; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Micmfossils absent. 4 ft 6 in., two-thirds interbedded silt- stone and one-third clay shale, me- dium light gray, medium-soft; silt- stone softer than clay. Siltstone mostly white and clear quartz has shalt' cleavage, contains a few black coaly partings; yellowish-gray clay ironstone laminae up to an inch thick at 403 and 405 ft, noncalcareous; beds lie flat. 5 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage, rare silty laminae; noncalcareous. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 7 ft, clay shale, medium-fight- to medi- um-gray, medium-soft; poor cleavage; soft medium-light-gray silty laminae and partings; dark carbonaceous plant remains quite common, also some very thin layers of clay ironstone. Thin bands (up to ~ in.) of cosh in the lowest foot of the section. Very rare cone-in- cone-like structures at the very bottom of the section, cone ~ in, deep; dip very low. 1 ft, coal, dull black, brittle; blocky fracture. 2 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, very soft, almost unconsoli- dated, subangular to rare subrounded; 90 percent white and clear quartz, rest dark chart; noncalcareous; dip un- determined. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 1 ft 8 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- to rare medium-grained, uncon- solidated; similar to that immediately above but with slightly larger propor- tion of dark materials, particularly dark chart. See footnotes at end of table. 'l~Q E~RATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE. 4, ALASgA, 1944-5~3 t3IMPfiON CORE TEST 27-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet} Description 34 35 36 37 s. 424-435 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 8 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; slightly silty, noncal- careous, good hackly fracture; dip low. 4 in., sandstone as described immediately below; oil stained. 43'5-446 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 2 ft, sandstone, medium-olive-gray, fine- to rare medium-grained, very soft and practically unconsolidated, subangu- lar; 85 percent white and clear quartz; rest mostly dark chert, noncalcareous; good oil stain and odor; grades into: 2 ft, siltstone and sandstone, medium- light-olive- to medium-light-gray ; be- comes better consolidated, finer, and has considerably less of an oil stain with depth; argillaceous partings and Iaminae; noncalcareous; grades into: 6 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, me- dium-soft; fair cleavage, some sandy or silty partings, 4 in. of grayish-brown very hard clay ironstone at the bottom of the core; noncalcareous; dip ~°. 446-540 No samples taken. Top of Grandstand Formation at 450 ft (based on electric log and correlation with nearby tests). 540-630 Clsy, medium-light-gray. Varying amounts of light-gray fine to medium subangular to subrounded sand; 85 percent white and clear quartz, also dark chert, a few coaly particles, noncalcareous. A few dull black coal fragments 570-580, 590- 600 ft. 630-641 No sample. 641-651 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils absent. 2 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, medium- soft; fair to good cleavage, in part hackly fractures, silty and sandy mica- ceous partings; noncalcareous; beds lie flat. 4 ft, sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- to medium-grained, very soft and nearly unconsolidated, subangular to subrounded; 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest mostly dark-gray and black chert; chert in general seems to be of a slightly larger size than the quartz; noncalcareous. 651-661 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, very soft, some mica and soft chalky white particlev; noncal- careous; dip undetermined. s 661-720 Sand, light- to medium-light-gray, fine to medium; 80 percent white and clear quartz, much of rest dark chert and coal particles. Becomes fine toward base of t~iis section. 720-750 Clay, medium-fight- to medium-gray. Coal fragments rare 740-750 ft. Ditrup¢ sp. present. 750-760 No sample. 760-821 Sand, light- to medium-light-gray, fine, rare medium grains, 80-90 percent quartz, dark chert and a few coal par- ticles. Fine in the lower part of the sec- tion. One small shark's tooth 810-820 ft. :e footnotes at en d of tahle. 6I1KP90N CORE TEST 2?-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet} I Description 38 821-831 Recovered 1 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine-to medium-grained, very soft-practi- cally unconsolidated, subangular; 90 percent or more white and clear quartz, rest mostly dark chert, some mica, matrix argillaceous; 2~i in. of sandstone hard, slightly calcareous matrix, also an inch of gray clay iron- stone; most of core is noncalcareous; dip undetermined. 831-1, 490 Interbedded clay shale, siltstone, and soft sandstone, possibly a few hard calcareous streaks and ironstone concretions. Sam- ples badly contaminated. 39 1, 490-1, 500 Recovered 2 ft 3 in.: Microfossils abun- dant. Clay shale, medium-light- to medium- gray, moderately soft; poor to fair cleavage, some slightly silty laminae, rare broken pelecypod shells at the very bottom of the section, also one Ditrup¢ sp. noted; shale is noncalcare- ous; dip 1°. ~ Cores 25 through 37 were drllled with an oll-base mud and probably do not repre- sent true stafn or oft content. = Displaced oil and want baok to water base mud at 881 tt. BIMP90N CORE TEST S8 Core I Deptb (teat) I Description 0-17 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 17-120 No samples taken. Contamination in ditch samples of upper part of Simpson core test 28 indicates that sand from Gubik Formation in this test consists of subangular to well-rounded very fine to very coarse grains. Grains made up of clear quartz, dark-gray and black cbert, also yellow, red, and greenish quartz and yellow chert. Gran- ules and pebbles of well-rounded black chert, angular medium-light-gray silt- stone, schist, and a granitic igneous rock are also present. Rare white pelecypod shell fragments. 120-150 Probably clay with slightly silty partings. Pyrite common. Samples consist mostly of Gubik and cement contamina- tion. 150-160 Limestone, medium-light- to medium-gray, very silty; probably grades into cal- careous siltstone, has white calcite veinlets, probably some clay. 160-180 Contamination-limestone, sand, and peb- blesfrom the Gubik Formation, probably actually clay. 180-190 Large amount of medium-gray hard lime- stone; not so silty as above part, some clay, pyrite abundant. 190-330 Clay, medium-light-gray; pyrite fairly common, much Gubik and cement con- tamination. 330-340 Large amount of medium-light-gray very calcareous siltstone; biotite and car- bonaceous particles. 340-520 Clay, medium-light-gray. 520-630 Clay, medium-light- to medium-gray. 630-640 Limestone, medium-dark-gray, very finely crystalline. 640-680 Clay, medium-light to medium-gray. CORE TESTS, SINIPSON AREA, ALASBA~ 6IMP60N CORE TEST 28-Continued Core Depth (feet) Description 680-690 Clay, also possibly some very calcareous medium-light-gray siltstone. 690-720 Clsy, medium-lightrgray. 720-730 Clay, possibly some medium- to medium- dark-gray limestone. 730-900 Clay, medium-light-gray, some medium- gray; fish fragments at 824-830, 870- 880 ft. 900-910 C19y and some sandy siltstone, very calcareous; contains carbonaceous par- ticles and mica, also some sand. 910-920 Clay. 920-930 Clay, medium-light-gray; also white pris- matic calcite or aragonite. 934-940 Calcite or aragonite, clay, a few small chips of vitreous black coal, few pieces of very light gray (bentonitic?) clay; biotite flakes in it. 940-950 Clay, medium-lightrgray; small amount of very light bluish gray clay, rare chips of coal, very rare clay ironstone. 950-1, 020 Clay, medium-light- to medium-gray, rare coal chips and ironstone; light-bluish- gray clay at 990-1,000 ft, pyrite 1,010- 1,020 ft, clump of 'Inoceramus prisms 950-960 ft. Fish fragments 950-970 ft. Fish fragments in marcasite concretions 990-1,000 ft. Top of Grandstand For- mation at 1,020 ft. 1, 020-1, 030 Abundant ironstone, grayish- and yellowish-brown; some sandstone with sideritic cement; very fine grained, pyrite, coal chips rare, also sand. 1, 030-1, 040 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium, subangular; 60 percent white and clear quartz, numerous dark chert grains, coal grains. 1, 040-1, 070 Sand as above, but mostly fine; chips of coal, ironstone, some clay; Ditrupa sp. 1,040-1,060 ft, Inoceramus sp. chunks 1,040-1,050 ft. 1, 070-1, 089 Clay and sand; Dtiirupa sp. 1,47Q-1,080 ft, Inoceramus prisms 1,080-1,089 ft. 1 1, 089-1, 095 Recovered 4 ft: Microfoasils rare. Clay shale, medium-fight- to medium- gray, moderately hard; fair to good cleavage, some backly fracture, a few carbonaceous particles in the shale, near vertical fracture present, very rare micaceous silty laminae and partings; noncalcareous; beds lie nearly flat. 1, 095-1, 140 Clay, medium-fight- to medium-gray; clay ironstone 1,130-1,140 ft, coal •1,100- 1,110 ft; Ditrupa sp. in all these samples. 1, 140-1, 150 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine, subrounded to subat>,gular; 85 percent white and clear quartz, also gray chert, coal grains, garnet. 1, 150-1, 210 Clay, samples through this interval and irregularly to bottom of hole contain pyritic cylinders up to a few millimeters in length-possibly replaced organic matter or worm tubes. 1, 210-1, 220 Sand, fine to medium. 1, 220-1, 230 Clay. 1, 230-1, 251 Sand, medium-light-gray, medium sub- rounded to subangular; mostly white and clear quartz. BIMPl30N CORE TEST 28-Continued 701 Core I Depth (feet) I Description i, 251-1, 261 1, 261-1, 271 1, 271-1, 281 1, 281-1, 290 1, 290-1, 300 1, 300-1, 320 1, 320-1, 370 1, 370-1, 381 1, 381-1, 391 1, 391-1, 410 1, 410-1, 450 1, 450-1, 491 1, 491-1, 496 1, 496-1, 540 1, 540-1, 570 1, 570-1, 580 1, 580-1, 590 1, 590-1, 594 1, 594-1, 604 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, very soft and friable, sub- angular; 85 percent white and clear quartz, rest dark chert and other dark minerals, hard chalky white particles, mica, and rock fragments; porous to drop test; noncalcareous; dip not determined but beds possibly lie Bat; no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, as above; fine-grained, no shows. Recovered ZO ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, very fine to fine- grained, soft and friable but slightly harder than sandstone cores above. Sand. Clay, medium-light-gray. Sand, very fine to fine, clay, clay ironstone 1,300-1,310 ft. Clay, medium-light- to medium-gray. Sand, fine to medium (mostly fine), pri- marily quartz. Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine- grained, medium-soft and friable; rare medium grains, subangular; 85 percent white and clear quartz, also grains of dark gray and black chert dark rock fragments, very rare mica plates and medium-hard chalky white grains (possibly tripolitie chert), "clean" sandstone, apparently ce- mented by a very small amount of argillaceous material, tends to fracture at right angles to wall of core; non- calcareous; bedding indistinct, dip apparently low; very porous to drop teat, no shows. Porosity 35 percent. Permeability 700 millidarcys at 1,385 ft. Clay, yellow- ish-gray; clay ironstone abundant, also small amount of dull black coal, Inoceramus prisms 1,400-1,410 ft. Clad, very fine, and clay. Y• Recovered 5 ft. Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair to good cleavage parallel to bedding, rare partings containing minute plates of mica; noncalcareous; dip 3°-5°. Clap, medium-gray. Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine subangular to aubrouaded; 85 or 90 ercent white and clear quartz, some dark ehert and coal. Siltstone and silty limestone, medium-dark- gray, hard. Clay and silt. No sample. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 4 ft, siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft-core broken into many small friable pieces; fairly good cleavage; siltstone made up in large part of subangular grains of white and clear quartz, rare dark minerals and mica present, some very fine sandstone; no shows. 2 ft 10 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; fair hackly fracture; contains numerous silt laminae, very rare very small fragments of mollusk shells; noncalcareous; dip 2°. 702 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 l3IMP90N CORE TEST 28-Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) ` Description 10 11 1, 594-1, 604 I Recovered 10 ft-Continued 3 ft 2 in., siltstone, as in first part of this core, slightly harder, thin clay shale laminae. 1, 604-1, 610 No sample. 1, 610-1, 620 Silt, medium-light-gray and clay; very small amount of coal. 1, 620-1, 650 Clay, medium-gray, some sand, pyritic cylinders, clay ironstone 1,620-1,630 ft. 1, 650--1, 660 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; subangular, rare subrounded white quartz. 1, 660-1, 700 Clay, medium-light-gray. 1, 700-1, 704 No sample. 1, 704-1, 709 Recovered 3 ft: blicrofossils rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; hackly fracture, silty partings, small black carbonaceous plant frag- ments, small brown ironstone con- cretions (3z in, in diameter); non- calcareous; dip 2°. 1, 709-1, 720 Clay, medium-light to medium-gray, also about three chips of lightrgray clay (possibly bentonitic?). 1, 720-1, 809 Clay, medium-fight- to medium-gray; py- rite, trace of coal at 1,790-1,800 ft. 1, 809-1, 814 Recovered 5 ft: Microfoasils abundant. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; hackly fracture, medium-light- i gray silty partings and laminae, very ', rare carbonaceous plant fragments, unidentified lustrous white pelecypod fr~gmeuls at 1,813 ft; noncalcareous; dip 3°. 1, 814-1, 820 No sample. 1, 820-1, 910 Cley, medium-light- to medium-gray, py- ritic cylinders, rare clay ironstone 1,870- 1,880 ft. Dttrup¢ sp. 1,860-1,870 ft. Inoceramus prisms 1,900-1,910 ft. 1, 910-1, 914 No sample. 1, 914-1, 919 Recovered 3 ft: Microfossils rare. Clay shale, medium-fight- to medium- gray, medium-soft; fairly good cleav- age, micaceous-carbonaceous partings, rather silty in last 6 in. of recovery; noncalcareous; beds lie nearly fiat. 1, 919-2, 010 Clay, medium-light- to medium-gray; clay ironstone, 1,930-1,940 ft. Inoceramus fragments 2,000-2,010 ft. 2, 010-2, 019 No samples. 2, 019-2, 027 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils common. 2 ft 4 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, medium-soft very dirty-silty and argillaceous, nu- merous laminae of medium-giay clay; noncalcareous. 2 ft 8 in., clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage; scattered brownish-black carbonaceous and py- ritic plant impressions up to i/z-in. wide and longer than the diameter of the core (lj~ in.); noncalcareous; low dip. 2, 027-2, 030 No sample. 2, 030-2, 050 Sand, very fine to fine, some clay, pyrite. 2, 050-2, 060 Silt and clay. 2, 060-2, 100 Clay, medium-light-gray, pyritic cylinders. 2, 100-2, 110 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine, subangular grains; 90 percent white and clear quartz; some clay. 2, 110-2, 12? Silt, practically all quartz, some clay. 13i1KPBON CORE TEST 28-Continued Core I Depth (feet} I Description 12 2, 127-2, 132 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils common. Clay shale, medium-fight- to medium- gray, medium-soft, fair to good cleavage parallel to bedding, dark carbonaceous and micaceous partings abundant in last few inches of section; dip 5°; noncalcareous. 2, 132-2, 230 Clay, medium-light-gray; pyritic cylinders, Ditrupa sp. common, 2,160-2,230 ft. 13 2, 230-2, 239 Recovered 2 ft: Core not received by Fairbanks labora- tory. Driller reported "shale." 2, 239-2, 290 Clay, medium-light- to medium-gray; Ina ceramus fragment 2,260-2,270 ft. 2, 290-2, 310 Silt, medium-light-gray; all white and clear quartz; some very fine sand; clay. 2, 310-2, 339 Clay, medium-light-gray; 2,320-2,330 ft is first occurrence of a pale-green clay that occurs as scattered chips down to at least 2,430 ft. Ditrupa sp. 2,330 ft-total depth. 14 2, 339-2, 344 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils abundant. Clay shale, medium-light- to medium- gray, medium-soft; fair to good cleavage; small dark carbonaceous and a few micaceous particles distributed throughout, white mollusk fragments at approximately 2,341 ft; noncal- careous, dip 1°. 2, 344-2, 350 No sample. 2, 350-2, 440 Clay, medium-light-gray, some silt; Inocer- amus prisms 2,360-2,370 ft. 2, 440-2, 446 No sample. 15 2, 446-2, 453 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils rare. 1 ft, limestone, medium-light to medinm- gray, hard, dense; small amount of fracturing at 50°. 3 ft, interbedded clay shale and siltstone, medium-light-gray, very soft, mica- ceous; infiltrated with drilling mud; good cleavage; noncalcareous. 1 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; good cleavage; some micaceous carbonaceous partings; non- calcareous; dip 3°. 2, 453-2, 470 Silt and siltstone, medium-light-gray, hard, very calcareous. 2, 470-2, 490 Clay. 2, 490-2, 500 Silt, some very fine sand; clump of Inocera- 16 2, 500-2, 505 mus prisms. Recovered 4 ft: Microfoesils common. 3 ft 6 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine grained, medium-soft, silty, argillaceous; grains subangular; pri- marily composed of white and clear quartz, mica and carbonaceous parti- cles also quite abundant; excellent cleavage parallel to bedding in part, appears fairly porous; noncalcareous; dip 2°; no shows. 6 in., clay shale, medium-fight- to medium-gray ;micaceous and carbons- - ceous particles present; noncalcareous. Porosity 22.5 percent, permeability 71 millidarcys at 2,503 ft. BIMPt30N CORE TE6T 28 Core Depth (feet) Description 0-5 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 5-71 No samples received in Fairbanks. Well geologist reported: "Clay, very soft, gray to dark gray, sand and small chert pebbles scattered throughout." ~' CORE TESTS, SII~SON AREA, ALASSA 6IMPBON CURE TE6T 28-ContlnneQ Core ~ Dept6 (feet) ~ Descrtptlon 71-81 81-91 91-102 102-112 Recovered 10 ft: Gubik microfossils very rare. ! 4 ft 6 in, clay, medium-light-olive-gray; similar to lower section of this core but has smaller amount of sand and coarse material. Core is broken up. 5 ft 6 in., sandstone, medium-light-olive- gray, medium-soft, very argillaceous; cemented with clay; sand very poorly sorted; grain size ranges from very fine to very coarse, in general the smaller grains are angular and the larger are rounded to well rounded; about 70 percent is clear quartz; rest dark gray and black chert with a small admixture of varicolored materials; a few rock fragments present. Included also are granules and pebbles up to l~r in. in diameter occurring at random throughout the section, made up for the most part of rounded black chert, rare pale-yellowish-brown chert, and limestone. Core tends to break irregularly parallel to bedding. Very rare thin laminae of carbonaceous material. Non- calcareous; rare white pelecypod shell fragments scattered through core. Recovered 10 ft: Gubik microfossils rare. 3 ft 9 iu., sandstone as in lower part of core 1, very argillaceous; grades to clay toward base. 6 ft 3 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft; crumbles into little chips when dried out; silty partings, good cleavage parallel to bedding, tendency toward vertical fracture; noncalcareous; dip 7°- 10°. Base of Gubik Formation-top of the Cretaceous Seabee Formation at 85 ft. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. 5 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; excellent light-gray silty partings, brown finely disseminated pyrite in some of the partings; noncalcareous; dip 50_80 1 ft., limestone, medium-lightr to mediuin- gray, hard, argillaceous; contains mica; irregular fracture. 5 ft, clay shale, as in first part of this core, vertical fracture; noncalcareous; dip 4°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; light-gray silty partings, excellent cleavage, vertical fracture; noncalcareous; dip 2°-5°. 112-122 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, pyrite in partings; dip 4°-8°. 122-132 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, vertical fracture; dip " 5°. 132-142 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, clay shale as above; dip 3°. 6 in., IimestoAe, medium-gray, hard, argil- laceous; irregular fracture. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, light- to medium-lightr gray, medium-soft; silty partings, ex- cellent cleavage; noncalcareous; dip 3°- 5°. 142-152 Recovered 8 ft 5 in: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, as in lowest part of core above; fewer silty partings, good to excellent cleavage, pyrite in partings; noncalcare- ous;dip 5°. 152-163 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as immediately above; non- calcareous; dip 0°-5°. BIMPBON CORE TEST 29-Contlnned 7a3 Core DeptL (feet) 10 163-173 11 173-183 12 183-193 13 193-203 14 203-213 15 213-223 16 223-233 17 233-243 18 243-253 19 253-263 20 263-273 21 273-283 22 283-293 23 293-303 24 303-313 Desedptlon Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, light- to medium-tight-gray, soft; part of core tends to crumble into tiny chips when dried out, rare light-gray silty partings, fair cleavage parallel to bedding; much hackly fracture; non- calcareous•dip 2°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light-gray, medium-soft; hackly and smooth fracture, silty partings; non- calcareous; dip 1°-2°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as immediately above; non- calcareous; dipp 1°-2°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above; noncalcareous; dip 2°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair to excellent cleavage, some hackly fracture; noncalcareous; dip 0°-1°. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-lightgray; poor to fair hackly fracture; noncalcareous; dip I°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray; fair to excellent cleavage; noncalcareous; dip 0°-1°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, poor to fair cleavage, very rare silty partings; noncalcareous; dip 1 °. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray; fair to excellent cleavage, one small fish scale noted at 252 ft. Dip 0°-1°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. As immediately above, very rare bluish- gray clay partings; noncalcareous; dip 1°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray, medium-soft; excellent cleavage, a few partings with finely disseminated pyrite, very rare light-gray silty partings and laminae, two fishbone fragments noted; 6 in. of medium-dark-gray very hard dense limestone at 265 ft; shale is noncal- careous; dip 0°-1°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale as above, very rare silty partings, exceedingly rare bluish-gray clay parting; noncalcareous; dip 0°-5°. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale and elaystone, medium-light- gray, medium soft; poor to fair cleavage, fracture at various angles, rare micaceous and carbonaceous flecks, very rare coaly fragments; very slightly calcareous; dip 13°-20° Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, very soft; cleaves excellently into very thin pieces; breaks into small chips when dried out; light-gray silty partings and laminae in- crease in number toward bottom of core, some very fine grained sandy partings with fair oil odor; noncalcareous; dip 0°. Recovered ZO ft: Microfossils absent. Interbedded clay shale, 70 percent, and sandstone, 30 percent. Clap shale, me- dium-light-gray, and light-gray soft sand- stone; not as soft as core above, excellent cleavage; except for 9 in. at 308 ft; sand- stone layers not more than 1 in. thick. Sand grains about 66 percent white and clear quartz, 20 percent dark chert and carbonaceous fragments, numerous brown- 7O4 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE SIMPBON CORE TEST 2g--COntlnned Core Depth (feet) Description 24 303-313 Recovered 10 ft-Continued ish-yellow quartz grains and some opaque white grains; grains subangular, fine, cemented by light-colored argillaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 2°; fair odor, yellow cut and brownish-yellow residue from 308 ft. 25 313-323 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Interbedded clay shale, 85 percent, and sandstone, 15 percent, medium soft, thin laminae; noncalcareous; 2° dip; very faint odor, yellow cut a.nd brownish-yellow residue from 317 ft. 26 323--333 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded sandstone, 75 extent, and clay e dium-light-gray shale, 25 percent. M medium-soft shale; light-gray fine sand- stone, slightly softer than the shale; same constituents as in core 24, biotite abun- dant in certain layers, rare partings of carbonaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 2°; fair odor, yellow cut, brownish-yellow residue at 325 ft. 27 333-343 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Interbedded sandstone, 60 percent, and clay shale, 20 percent, as immediately above; partings containing black carbonaceous material, some variable dips due to cross- bedding; noncalcareous; dip 1°; fairly good oil odor, yellow cut, brownish-yellow residue at 342 ft. 28 343-354 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded clay shale, 70 percent, and sandstone, 30 percent, as above; noncal- careous; dip 1°; fair odor, yellow cut, brownish-yellow residue from 348 ft. 29 354-365 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, light-gray, medium-soft; contains numerous partings of dark carbonaceous material, some laminae of medium-light- gray clay shale; sand 80 percent white and clear quartz, also contains black carbonaceous fragments, dark chart and yellow quartz, some biotite; subangular and very fine to fine; cemented with very light colored argillaceous material; some crossbedding; noncalcareous; dip 1~°; fair odor, yellow cut and brownish-yellow residue from 364 ft. 30 36x375 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded clay shale, 75 percent, and sandstone, 25 percent, same as described in cores above, very thin laminae, no sandstone layers thicker .than ~a in., numerous dark carbonaceous partings; rare crossbedding; noncalcareous; dip 1°; no shows. 31 375-386 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded sandstone, 60 percent, and clay shale, 40 percent. Clay ~ shale, medium- light-gray, medium-soft, excellent cleav- age. Sandstone, light gray, very fine to medium, soft, 90 percent white and clear quartz, also dark chart, black coaly particles, yellow quartz, some biotite; subangular grains; cemented with very light gray argillaceous material, has fairly common black partings of coaly particles; very small amount of cross- bedding; noncalcareous; dip 0°-4°; no odor, no cut; sandstone from 384 ft leaves a greasy film in evaporating dish. 32 386-396 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Interbedded sandstone, 70 percent, and clay shale, 30 percent exactly as in core above; noncalcareous; dip 4°; no shows. ~4, ALASgA, 1944-5~3 BIMPfiON CORE TEST 29--Continned Core Depth (teat) Description 33 396-407 Recovered 11 ft: biicrofoasils very rare. Sandstone, light-gray, soft; composition similar to sandstone in core 31, quite a bit of biotite; fine-grained, rare medium grains, clayey matrix; carbonaceous part- ings, some medium-light-gray clay shale laminae; noncalcareous; dip 2°; no shows. 34 407-417 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. 6 in., sandstone as in core immediately above. 4 ft 6 in., clay shale and claystone, light- to medium-gray, soft; poor to good cleavage; 1 ft from the top of the recovery is a }ie-in.-thick layer of very light gray bentonitic clay; noncalcareous, dips vari- able 3°-25° or higher. 35 4I7-427 Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils abundant. claystone and clay shale, medium-light- gray; poor to fair cleavage, slickensid~ dipping as much as 40° in first 6 in. of core, a small amount of breccia with fragments of coal and bluish-gray benton- itic clay near base of the core; a brown fish scale an inch in diameter in the top 3 in. of recovered section--similar to fish scales found in the Seabee Formation in Simpson core test 26; light-colored micro- fossils visible to naked eye in hand specimen; noncalcareous; dips variable, low to steep. 36 428-438 Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils common. Breccia with claystone matrix, medium- light- to medium-gray; core badly broken, numerous slickensides at various angles; claystone contains angular fragments up to an inch in diameter of dark-gray and' black coaly material, medium-light-gray clay shale, light-gray bentonitic clay, grayish-yellow clay ironstone, rare rounded black ehert pebbles, rare fish fragments, and pyrite. One large grayish- yellow clay ironstone concretion in about the middle of the core; noncalcareous; Inoceramus prisms in microfossil cut. 37 438-449 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Breccia with claystone matrix, as core immediately above, fewer elickensidea and not quite as broken, fragments in clay are slightly larger-contains some chunks of medium-light-gray medium sand; a fragment of a pelecypod; noncalcareous; dips up to vertical but generally about 20°; Inoceramus prisms in microfossil cut. 38 449-459 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils very rare. 6 ft 5 in., breccia with claystone matrix as above, core broken up, slickensides at base of interval, dip of beds up to 55°. 2 ft 7 in., sandstone and breccia with sandy matrix, medium-light-gray, very soft and friable; 50 percent white and clear quartz, 40 percent darker minerals and coal; subangular, medium-sized grains, some biotite, clayey matrix; last 6 in. at bottom of core is hard, has very calcareous cement; contains angular pieces of dark- and medium-gray clay shale and brown- ish-gray clay ironstone up to 2 in. in diameter. CORE TESTS, SIlti1I'SON AREA, ALAS SIMP80N CORE TEST 29-COntinued Core Dapth (feet) Description 39 459-469 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, medium-soft and friable, massive, subangular to angular; most medium but a few coarse grains, 50 percent white and clear quartz, 30 percent dark rock fragments and chert, 10 percent medium-hard chalky white fragments, some biotite; loosely cemented by argillaceous material. The sandstone contains, particularly in upper 1'~4 ft and in a few other places in the core, angular fragments up to an inch in diameter of various shades of gray clay shale and silt- stone, also yellowish-gray clay ironstone; 6 in. of medium-gray clay shale at ap- proximately 466 ft has good cleavage, contains fishbone fragments, slickensidea at steep angles; dip of beds 15° bedding not visible in sandstone; sandstone very porous to drop test; noncalcareous; no shows. 469-490 Sandstone, light- to medium-light-gray, medium to coarse-grained, subangular, in part hard and with very calcareous cement; about 75 percent white and clear quartz, also dark chert, rock fragments, coal parti- cles, small amount of biotite. Top of Grandstand Formation at about 490 ft. 490--500 Clsy, medium-light-gray. 500-530 Clay, medium-light-gray and medium-light- gray fine to medium sand; yellowish-gray clay ironstone 510-520 ft, several very coarse particles of coal 520-530 ft. 530-550 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium (more fine than medium) ; 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest mostly dark-gray chert, black coal particles and chalky white particles (possibly altered chert or feldspar). 550-620 Clay, medium-light-gray, and sand. 620-630 Sand, fine to medium. 630-640 Clay and sand. 640-650 Sandstone, medium-light-gray, medium to coarse, hard; has white very calcareous matrix, grains subangular; 65 percent white and clear quartz; also contains abundant dark-gray and black chert, black coal parti- cles, a few rock fragments, abundant grayish-brown clay ironstone particles. 650-660 Sand as above, fine to medium; but no calcar- eous cement. 660-679 No sample. 40 679-689 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils common. Claystone and clay shale, medium-Iight- gray, medium-soft; poor cleavage, breaks irregularly, contains numerous beds of medium-light-gray siltstone up to 1 ft thick at 686-687 ft. Upper half of the core has abundant Ditrttp¢ sp. remains generally in clusters, also pelecypod shell fragments; noncalcareous; dip 7°. 689-700 Clay and sand, fine. 6IMPSON CORE TEST 80 AND 80A 0-5 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 5-102 No samples received by laboratory in Fair- banks. Well geologist reported as follows: "5-20 ft, clay, ice, and peat. 20-85 ft, clay, dark gray with sand and granules scattered throughout. Estimated Gubik- Seabee Formation contact at 85 ft. 85-102, shale, gray, soft, very slightly silty." 6II1~90N CORE TEST 80 AND 80A-Continued 705 Core ~ DeptL (feet) ~ Description 102-II2 Recovered 5 ft: Microfosails absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; poor to fair cleavage, some hackly frac- ture, rare partings with finely dissemi- nated pyrite. Two in. of medium-light- gray very hard lithographic limestone in last foot of recovery; irregular to con- choidal fracture; shale noncalcareous; dip I°. 112-122 Recovered IO ft: Microfosails absent. Clay shale as above; noncalcareous; dip 1°. 122--133 Recovered 10 ft: Microfosails absent. 2 ft 7 in., clap shale as above, fair to good cleavage, some silty or slightly sandy partings; dip 0°-4° 7 ft 5 in., clay or clay shale, medium-light- gray, medium-soft; poor cleavage where present; core fractured at various angles, pelecypod shell fragment at 126 ft, non- calcareous; dips up to 25° noted. 133-143 Recovered 3 ft: Microfoasils absent. Clay shale as in lower part of core immedi- ately above; noncalcareous; dip 5°-25°. Top of the Ninuluk and Seabee. Forma- tions, undifferentiated, at 143 ft. 143-153 Recovered 10 ft: Microfoasils very abundant. 5 ft 5 in., clay shale, light-gray, soft; good cleavage and some indication of croas- bedding with variable dip; very ben- tonitic; contains much biotite; noncal- careous; dip 0° 4 ft 7 in., clay shale and bentonite. Clay shale is medium gray, medium soft, has excellent cleavage, contains abundant brown fishbone fragments and scales, one scale an inch in diameter at 150 ft. Ben- tonite occurs as follows: at 149 ft, 1 in. of white bentonite; at I50 ft, 1 in. of light-gray bentonitic clay shale; at 151 ft, 3 in. of light-bluish-gray bentonitic clay shale and 3; in. of white bentonite; at 153 ft, light-gray bentonitic shale and 2 in. of very light gray bentonite. Non- calcareous; dip 0°. 153-162 Recovered 9 ft: Micmfoesils abundant. 3 ft 6 in., clap shale, medium-gray, soft; good cleavage parallel to bedding, abundant brown fish fragments; Bortssi¢kocer¢s ail. found at 154 and 255 ft, some Inocer¢mua shell fragments also; s/a in . of very light gray bentonite at 154j~ ft; 2 in. of bluish- gray bentonitic clay shale at approxi- mately 155 ft. 1 ft 11 in., interbedded medium-grail clay shale and light-gray to white very soft and crumbly waxy bentonite; paper-thin varvelike interbeds. 9 in., bentonite and very bentonitic very light gray soft and crumbly waxy clay shale; contains abundant biotite plates. 2 ft 9 in., clay shale, medium- to medium- dark-gray, very soft and crumbly; good cleavage, abundant fish fragments, 3 in. of bluish-gray bentonitic clay and yellowish-white bentonite at approxi- mately I61 ft. 723-928 O 84-~ '7(~j EX~ATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~ 4, ALAS%A, 1944-53 9IMP80N CORE TEST 30 AND aoA--Continued Core ~ Depth (feet) Description 162-172 172-182 182-192 10 192-202 11 202-212 12 212-222 13 J 222-233 Recovered 8 ft: Microfosails abundant. Clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft; good cleavage, common to abundant fish fragments, impressions of Inoceramus shells. Several bentonitic partings, light- gray bentonitic clay shale laminae in the section 167-168 ft, ~ in. of yellowish- gray bentontte at 170 ft. At the very top of the section is 1 in. of very hard medium-dark-gray limestone, '/, in. of dull grayish-black low-grade coal at 171 ft; shale is noncalcareous; dip 1°. Recovered 6 ft: Microfossils abundant. Clay shale, medium- to medium-dark-gray, medium-soft; in part crumbly, has good cleavage; fish fragments rare to common, a few medium-light-gray silty partings. Two 3-in. layers of very light gray bentonite in the interval 177-178 ft, also 1 in. at 182 ft; noncalcareous; dip 1°. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils common. 2 ft 6 in., clay shale as in core immediately above, fish fragments rare to common, microfossils visible to naked eye in hand specimen, 2 in. of very light gray ben- tonite at 183' ft; noncalcareous; grades gradually into: 6 ft 6 in., siltstone and medium-light-gray very fine soft and friable sandstone; 90 percent white and clear quartz, much pyrite, some mica, some dark minerals, e few glauconite pellets, grains subangular, core cleaves parallel to bedding, one t- in. layer of very light gray silty bentonite at 186 ft, noncalcareous; dip 3°-4°; no odor, no cut, no residue from 188 ft. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine, soft and friable-similar to that in lower part of core 9-white quartz, pyrite, slightly more glauconite; noncalcareous; dip 2°, no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to silty, medium-soft and friable, sub- angular; good cleavage parallel to bed- ding; mostly white and clear quartz but pyrite common; also small number of glauconitic pellets, biotite present, loosely cemented by argillaceous material. Two in. of medium-light- to medium-gray clayy shale at 211 ft; noncalcareous; dip 2 , no odor, no cut, no residue from 204 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 6 ft 3 in., silty clay shale, medium-gray, and argillaceous medium-light-gray medium- soft siltstone; poor to fair cleavage, closely interbedded and micaceous; 13Z in. hard yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretion at 218 ft. 3 ft 9 in., sandstone and siltstone, medium- light-gray, medium-soft, argillaceous; good cleavage, sand composition as in core 11; comparatively large biotite plates very abundant; noncalcareous; dip 5°; no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 7 ft, siltstone and sandstone as immediately above, slightly harder, white pelecypod remains at 224~z and 228 ft; noncal- careous; dip 30-6° 3 ft, interbedded siltstone and clay shale, medium-light, medium-gray, medium- soft, fair cleavage, pelecypod fragments at 23I ft, noncalcareous. SnKpsox coRE TEST ao ArrD aoA--COntinnea Core Depth (feet) Description 14 233-243 Recovered 10 ft: MicrofossiIs rare. Interbedded clay shale about 60 percent and 40 percent medium-light to medium- gray siltstone; in some places grades from one lithology to another, medium-soft, fair cleavage, noncalcareous; dip 0°-1°. 15 243-253 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Cley shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft, very silty; some siltstone laminae, fair cleavage, micaceous, noncalcareous; dip 1 °. 16 253-263 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Clap shale as above, silty partings, rare broken pelecypod fragments, less mica, noncalcareous; dip 1°. 17 263-273 Recovered 10 ft: Microfoaeils absent. 1 ft 3 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray as in core above; rare wormlike pyrite string- ers up to '/a in. in length, poor cleavage. 1 ft 1 in., sandstone, medium-olive-gray, very fine to fine-grained oil-stained, very soft and friable, subangular; com- posed largely of white and clear quartz, some dark chert, other dark minerals and mica abundant, 3 percent pyrite (a gradual decrease from core 11 above), ppoorly cemented. 7 ft 8 in., interbedded siltstone 70 percent, sandstone 20 percent, and clay shale 10 percent. Sandstone same as described above in this core, has good oil stain. Medium-light-gray siltstone, similar to sandstone but harder and very micaceous, no oil stain. Clay shale, medium-light- gray, medium-soft, fair cleavage, silty, micaceous, rare very thin laminae of yellowish-gray clay ironstone; noncal- careous; dip 0°-2°; good odor, yellowish- brown residue from 265 ft. 18 273-283 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 5 in., sandstone, medium-olive-gray, very fine to silty, oil stained; little or no pyrite. 3 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft, fair hackly fracture, very micaceous (very minute plates give sheen to broken surfaces}, silty; rare thin laminae of oiI- atained sand. 3 ft 4 in., interbedded siltstone and sand- stone, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; of type described iii core immediately above, argillaceous, spotty oil staining, faint to good oil odor throughout. 1 ft 4 in., clay shale. 8 in., silty sandstone, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; faint odor. I ft, coal or lignite, very dark gray to dull- black, very soft and crumbly, tends to collapse into tiny chips, some blocky frac- ture; '/s in. diameter piece of clear yellow resinous material included in coal near top of section. 3 in., clay, very pale pinkish gray, medium- soft; very irregular fracture; contains a few coaly fragments; noncalcareous; dip 2°; fairly good odor, brownish-yellow cut, brown residue from 279 ft. 19 283-293 Recovered 1D ft: Mierofossils absent. 2 ft 10 in., siltstone, light-gray, rather soft and friable, argillaceous; poor to good cleavage, some dark carbonaceous part- ings and plant fragments, biotite plates abundant throughout but in places con- centrated along partings; noncalcareous; no shows. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASSA! BII4LPBON CORE TEST 80 ANA 80A-Continued Core ~ DeptL (feet) ~ Description 19 20 283-293 I 293-303 21 303-313 22 3I3-323 23 323-333 24 333-343 25 26 343-353 353-363 363-367 Recovered 10 ft-Continued 2 ft 2 in., 80 percent closely interbedded silt- stone as above and 20 percent clay shale. Clay shale, medium-light-gray. Very rare cooly particles in partings. 1 ft, coal, low-grade, dull-black; cleaves parallel to bedding• fractures vertically. 4 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray; poor cleavage, rare laminae of light-gray silt- stone; noncalcareous; dip 0°-8° Recovered 4 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 2 in., bentonite, very light gray, soft and crumbly; but quite hard when dried out; contains abundant brown biotite plates. 2 ft 6 in., clay or clay shale, medium-dark- gray, moderately soft; poor cleavage, dark color probably comes from abund- ance of very finely disseminated carbona- ceous material, slightly micaceous, rare bentonitic partings. 10 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very argillaceous; noncalcareous; dip low. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. 2 ft 10 in., siltstone, light-gray, rather soft and friable; fairly common thin clay shale laminae, '/z in. yellowish-gray clay iron- stone at very top of section containing coal fragment; fair oil odor. 2 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-light- to medium-gray; noncalcareous; dip 0°-5°. Recovered 5 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, dark-olive-gray, fine-grained, very soft and friable, practically uncon- solidated, subangular; pronounced oil stain, 75 percent white and clear quartz, rest dark chert and rock fragments; biotite rare. Fairly numerous partings contain- ing abundant black cooly particles; non- calcareous; dip 5°; strong oil odor, yellow- ish-brown cut and brownish oil residue from about 318 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfo~ils absent. Sandstone exactly as above, 1 in. of medium- light-gray claq shale at the very top of the core, noncalcareous; dip 4°; strong oil odor, brown cut and considerable amount of dark-brown oil as residue fmm 326 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, fine-grained, very soft, no carbonaceous partings, noncalcareous; dip undetermined; strong oil odor, yel- lowish-brown cut and brown oil residue from 340 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 8 ft 10 in., sandstone as above, fine-grained soft and friable; but becomes very fine grained in the last 2 ft of the section. Oil stain decreases with grain size, no carbonaceous partings; noncalcareous; strong oil odor, brownish-yellow cut and yellowish-brown residue from 345 ft. 1 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; good cleavage; noncalcare- ous; dip 3°-4° Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft; good cleavage parallel to bedding, 3 in. of medium-light-gray clay ironstone at 355 ft, yellow cast; very hard, eonchoidal fracture, noncalcareous; dip 2°-3°. No sample. BIMPBON CORE TEST 80 AND 80A-Contlnn0d 707 Core' Deptb (feet) ~ Description 27 28 29 367-377 377-387 I 387-398 30 398-408 31 408-419 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, clay shale as above, fair cleavage, silty. 4 ft, siltstone, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair to poor cleavage, argillaceous laminae, silt grains mostly subangular white and clear quartz, some dark chert and numerous carbonaceous particles, also some very fine sand, noncalcareous; dip low; faint petroliferous odor, straw colored cut and light-yellow residue from 376 ft. Recovered IO ft: Microfossils absent. 3 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray, moder- ately soft; fair to poor cleavage, rare cooly particles up to 3e in. thick imbedded at random in the shale, also rare cone-in- conelike structures with cones as much as in. deep. 2 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray to grayish-black, medium-soft, fair cleavage; contains abundant plant fragments, car- bonaceous and cooly particles, thin lami- nae of dull-black coal. 4 ft 6 in., clay shale, as in first part of this core, very rare cooly particles, becomes silty toward base of core; noncalcareous; dip 5°. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 2 ft, clay shale, medium-light-gray to me- dium-gray, moderately soft, cleavage good, rare carbonaceous particles. 1 ft 11 in., clay shale and coal. Clay shale, medium-light- and medium-dark-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage, numerous carbonaceous and cooly particles. Coal, 6 in., dull-black, brittle. 2 ft 11 in., siltstone, light- to medium-light- gray, soft and friable, micaceous; good cleavage and argillaceous partings; non- calcareous; no shows. 3 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-light- to medium-gray; good cleavage (in part hackly fracture), medium-light-gray silty partings, six concretions or laminae of clay ironstone, yellowish- and browniah- gray, up to 1~4 in. thick; no shows; non- calcareous; dip 2°. Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; poor cleavage, rare dark carbonace- ous particles; ~-in. thick yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretion at very top of the section; noncalcareous; dip undeter- mined. Recovered 10 ft 6 in: Microfossils absent. 4 in., clay ironstone concretion, yellowiah- gray, very hard;conchoidalfracture;con- tains a few carbonaceous fragments; effervesces slightly with cold acid. 1 ft 6 in., clay shale, medium-gray, rather soft; fair cleavage, rare coaly particles along partings; dip low. IO in., coal, grayish-black to black, very low grade, flaky and brittle, argillaceous. 2 ft 2 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray soft and friable, argillaceous; quite micaceous; contains carbonaceous particles; noncal- careous. 3 in., coal as above in this core. '70~ EXP~ATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE ~ 4, ALASgA, 1844-5w' BiMP80N CORE TEST 80 AND 80A-Continued Core DePt1~ (teat) Description 31 408-419 Recovered 10 ft 6 in.-Continued 5 ft b in., sandstone, medium-light- to me- dium-gray, very soft and friable; ranges from very fine grained at top of section to nearly medium grained toward the base; finer material is mostly white and clear quartz, quantity of dark-gray and black chert increases with grain size, up to 40 percent chert; part of core with the larger grains looks "clean" and very porous, grains subangular to sub- rounded-mostly subangular; noncalcare- ous; very slight oil odor, possibly from outside of hole contamination. 32 419-429 Recovered 7 ft 6 in.: Microfoasils rare. Clay shale, medium-fight- to medium-gray, moderately soft; poor to fair cleavage, some medium-light-gray silty laminae and partings; 5 in. of hard sandy mica ceous siltstone at the base of the core cemented with gray clay ironstone; yellow cast- noncalcareous; dip 1°-3°. 'k4 f 33 429-440 osails rare. Recovered 6 ft: icro Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; poor to fair cleavage, some hackly fracture, topmost foot of recovered section has numerous laminae of lighter- gray siltstone and a few of sandstone; noncalcareous; dip 3°-5°. 440-450 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium; 75 percent white and clear quartz, rest mostly dark chert, subangular to sub- rounded, trace grayish-brown clay ironstone. Also some medium-light-gray clay shale. Top of Grandstand Formation at about 445 ft. 450-453 No sample. 34 453-460 Recovered 3 ft: Microfoasils absent. 2 ft 6 in., sandstone, medium-dark-olive- gray, very soft and friable; subangular grains; strong oil stain; 70-80 percent white and clear quartz, 20-30 percent dark-gray and black chert, salt and pepper; noncalcareous, bedding indistinct; fairly strong oil odor, amber cut and brown oil residue from approximately 455 ft. 6 in., clap shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft, noncalcareous; low dip. 35 460-471 Recovered 6 ft: Microfosails absent. Sandstone, light-gray (no oil stain), soft and friable; iD part has good cleavage parallel to the bedding; numerous part- ings contain abundant black coal particles and fine subangular sand; 80 percent white and clear quartz, rest mostly dark chert, coal particles, and a few rock fragments; coal particles range. in size up to medium-grained; very loosely cemented, probably with argillaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 4°-7°; faint odor, very pale straw-colored cut, very pale yellow residue from 468 ft. 471-480 Sand and clay shale, medium-light-gray; cement contamination. 480-520 Clay shale, medium-light-gray; some sand also some pyrite. A few shiny black coal particles 510-520 ft. Cement contami- Dat10II. 520-530 Sand, medium-light-gray, fine to medium, subangular to subrounded; 85 percent white and clear quartz; rest dark-gray or black chert, scattered cooly particles. 530-560 Clay shale, medium-light-gray; some sand, rare black coal chips. 560-566 No sample. 9IMPBON CORE TEST SD AND SOA-Contlnuied Core Depth (feet) Description 36 566-577 Recovered 1 ft 6 in.: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; poor cleavage; contains light-gray silty laminae, inch-thick hard light-olive- gray clay ironstone concretion a foot from the top of the recovery; noncalcareous; dip not determined. 37 577-588 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils common. 6 ft 9 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium-soft; fair to poor cleavage, 1-in. layer of dull to shiny black low-grade coal at about 579 ft; coal contains finely disseminated pyrite and little nodules of clear yellow resin or amber, another dark slightly coaly streak at the bottom of the section; some ailtstone laminae in the shale; noncalcareous; dip about 3°. I ft, siltstone light-olive-gray, soft and friable; grains almost all white and clear quartz, several black coaty partings; slightly calcareous; slight oil odor. 2 ft 3 in., clay shale as in first part of this core; grayish-yellow clay ironstone con- cretion near top. 38 588-599 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray (in upper half of core) to medium-gray (in lower half), silty, medium-soft; fair cleavage; contains fairly common yellowish-white mollusk fragments in the lower 5 ft of the core; silty parts of the core are slightly calcareous; dip 2°. 39 599-609 Recovered 8 ft: Microfoasils rare. 3 ft, clay shale and clay, medium-light- to medium-gray, moderately soft; poor cleav- age where present, some medium-light- gray silty laminae, abundant small in. diameter) white gastropod and pelecy- pod shell fragments at about 603 ft; noncalcareous. 2 ft, ailtatone, medium-light-gray, moder- ately soft; poor cleavage, slightly mica ceous, very argillaceous, noncalcareous; dip probably less than 2° 3 ft, clay shale or clay as in first part of this core, three grayish-yellow clay ironstone laminae up to an inch thick near the top of the interval, a few small mollusk fragments near 607 ft; noncalcareous. 40 609-620 Recovered 9 ft: Mierofoasils common. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair to poor cleavage; streaks of Iight-gray siltstone, hard yellowish-gray clay ironstone concretion at 614 ft; noncalcareous; dip 0°. 41 620-630 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. 6 in., sandstone as described below. 6 in., clay shale, medium-light-gray, mod- eratelysoft; good cleavage; noncalcareous; dip 2°. 6 ft, sandstone, olive-gray fine- to medium- grained, very soft and friable, nearly un- consolidated, subangular; has pronounced oil stain; about 60 percent white and clear quartz, rest made up of dark chert and miscellaneous rock fragments, a few me- dium-soft white chalky particles, scattered black partings contain abundant cooly particles; hard grayish-yellow clay iron- stone concretion at 626'/s ft; noncalcar- eous; dip up to 10°; strong oil odor, yellowish-brown cut and brown oil residue from 627 ft. CORE TESTS, SIIvIPSON AREA, ALASKA 6IMP60N CORE TEST SO AND 80A-COntlnned Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ Description 42 630-640 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-dark-olive-gray, soft and friable; 60 percent white and clear quartz; rest mostly dark-gray chert, coal particles, and some rock fragments; a few subangular fine- to medium-grained dull white particles (salt-and-pepper sand); noncalca,reous; dip undetermined; good oil odor, yellowish-brown cut, brownish oil residue from 638 ft. 43 640-651 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as in core immediately above; some black coaly partings; dip 3° • fairly good odor, brownish-yellow cut and brownish oil residue from 648 ft. 44 651-662 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine-grained, subangular, soft and friable; breaks par- allel to bedding, very porous; approxi- mately 80 percent white and clear quartz, 5-10 percent brownish-yellow quartz, less than 10 percent dark chert and rock frag- ments; mica quite abundant, also some rather hard chalky white particles, all loosely cemented by'argiilaceous material; noncalcareous; dip 3°; a few laminae with olive-colored oil stain, fair odor, yellow cut, yellowish-brown residue from 660 ft. 45 662-673 Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above but very fine; noncal- careous; no oil stain, no odor, no cut, but pale-yellow residue 665 ft. 46 673-883 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone as above, very fine to silty, at least 10 percent brownish-yellow quartz; noncalcareous; dip not determined be- cause bedding obscure; very faint odor, no cut, pale-yellow residue at 681 ft. 47 683-693 No recovery. The following cores were taken in Simpson core test 30A. Be- cause of the proximity of 30 to 30A no cuttings were taken in the latter. 680-691 691-701 Recovered lI ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, 70 percent, and sandstone, 30 per- cent, medium-light-gray, soft and friable; good cleavage parallel to bedding; sand- stone is very fine grained and grades into siltstone; numerous black partings of coal particles in the upper half of the core, some micaceous partings; grains are sub- angular to subrounded, almost entirely white and clear quartz with the exception of about 5 percent of adull-yellowish min- eral, possiblyy siderite (effervesces slightly- with cold HCl). Core becomes. quite argillaceous in the last few inches of the recovery. Grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretion at 680'/z ft. Pelecypod remains and Ditrupa sp. fragments present in the lowest foot of the core; noncalcareous; dip 1°-4°; no odor, no cut, faint greasy film in evaporating dish at 688 ft. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils abundant. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; poor cleavage, very rare silty lami- nae, several inch-thick streaks of grayish- yellow clay ironstone notably at 694-698 ft, a few pelecypod and Ditrupa frag- ments • ironstone is slightly calcareous but shale is not; dip undetermined, but low. 91MP60N CORE TE6T 81 709 Care Depth (feet) Description 0-5 Distance between kelly bushing and ground. 5-20 Tundra, yellowish-gray clay and sand. Sand, light-olive-gray, made up of white, clear, and yellow quartz, yellow and black chert, other grains rare, fine to coarse and subangular to well rounded. 20-40 Clay, olive-gray, and some sand as above. Ostracodes and Foraminifers rare, also a few peleeypod fragments. 40-50 Sand, medium-light-gray, very coarse, sub- angular to well-rounded; about 60 percent clear quartz, 30 percent dark-gray and black chert, also various other colored grains, some pyrite. Xellawiah-gray clap, rare microfossils, 50-90 Clay, yellowish-gray; about 50 percent sand. 90-100 Sand as of type in interval 40-50 ft above; also contains a few rock fragments, particu- larly limestone, slightly larger grain size than in sand above. 100-110 Much cement contamination. Top of Seabee Formation probably near 110 ft. 110-115 No sample. 1 115-125 Recovered 9 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent, Clay, light-gray, soft, cleavage absent ex- cept in lowest part of core where very poor cleavage is indicated. One-half in. rounded black chert pebble imbedded in clay at 118 ft. Rare patches of silt- mostly subangular white quartz, also biotite, carbonaceous particles, and pyrite. Scattered black carbonaceous fragments in the clay. One pelecypod sheII at the very top of the section, very small shell fragments scattered very rarely through- out the core; noncalcareous; dip undeter- mined. 2 125-132 Recovered 4 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay and clay shale, light-gray, soft; very l l i poor or no c eavage, rare si ty part ngs, small amount of pyrite in clay; noncal- careous, dip 18°-30°. 3 132-144 Recovered 8 ft 4 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay and clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft; poor to no cleavage, rare silty- micaeeous partings; noncalcareous; hed- ding indistinct; dip 20°-30°. 4 144-155 Recovered IO ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; poor cleav- age, soft and crumbly, a few laminae and partings of light-gray ailtstone; noncal- careous; dip 15°-45°, no slickensides noted. 5 155-166 Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale ae above but slightly harder, rare silty laminae; noncalcareous; dip 18°-35°. 6 166-175 Recovered 8 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; poor to no cleavage; noncalcareous; ` dip 5°-20°. 7 175-186 Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, soft and crumbly; numerous laminae of light-gray slightly micaceous noncalcareous siltstone, dip 5°-15°. Top of Ninuluk and Seabee formation undifferentiated, may be near 186 ft. 8 186-197 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. 8 ft, clay shale, light- to medium-light-gray, very soft and crumbly; poor to no cleav- age, silty-grades into siltstone in places, micaceous; noncalcareous; dip 3°-10° grades into: • 710 Core Depth Ueet) g 186-197 9 197-208 10 208-219 219-230 12 ~ 230-241 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESER 9II~SP90N CORE TEST 81~lontlnned Description Recovered 10 ft--Continued 2 ft, clay shale, medium-gray, medium-soft. One in. of soft very light gray bentonite at 196}4 ft and }4 in. of soft yellowish-white very calcareous material at 196 ft. Also partings of bentonite present. Shale has abundant brown fiahbone fragments in the lower part of the section; shale is non- calcareous; dip as much as 10°. Recovered 8 ft: Microfossils abundant. 1 ft 5 in., clay shale, medium-gray, non- calcareous; fish fragments as in core im- mediately above; one fish scale ~, in. in diameter. 5 in., bentonite, very light gray, weay, verp soft and crumbly when dry. 8 in., clap shale, medium-gray, some bluish- gray and bentonitic, very soft; very good cleavage, some fishbone fragments; non- calcareous; grades into: 2 ft 3 in., bentonite plus about 15 percent clay shale laminae. Bentonite is very light gray, small amount blue and yellow tinge. Contains numerous biotite plates. Some interbeds of medium-gray clap shale with good cleavage. 1 ft 2 in., clay shale, medium-gray, soft; excellent cleavage-"paper shale"; non- calcareous. 4 in., bentonite, very light gray, as above. 1 ft 9 in., clap shale, medium-gray; fairly good cleavage, a few fishbone fragments, some scales quite large; inch of bentonite at very base of section; noncalcareous; dip of beds in core 4°-7°. Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils rare. 4 ft 4 in., clap shale and siltstone, medium- light- to medium-gray. Extremely soft- this entire section has crumbled into little pieces; has about 5 in. of light-gray bentonite at about a foot from the top. 2 ft 8 in., sandstone, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine-grained, medium-soft, silty; grains subangular to subrounded, about 50 percent white and clear quartz, 50 percent biotite, chlorite, glauconite, and clay minerals, some carbonaceous particles and pyrite, matrix argillaceous; noncalcareous; dip 4°; very slight oil odor, no cut, greasy stain in evaporating dish from 217 ft. Recovered 9 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, medium-light-gray, fine-grained, medium-soft to verq soft; same composi- tion as sand in core immediately above but pyrite quite common; tends to cleave parallel to bedding; noncalcareous; dip 4°-7°; no shows. Recovered 7 ft 8 in: Microfossils very rare. 5 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very calcareous, very hard; some sand-size grains, same composition as described below. 2 ft 9 in., sandstone and siltstone, medium- light-gray, silty to very fine, soft, sub- angular; 70 percent white and clear quartz, rest is glauconite, biotite, chlorite, brown grains (sideritic?), dull white grains, some dark chert and pyrite loosely cemented by argillaceous material. 8 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, very calcareous, very hard, sandy; dip 12°. 3 ft 10 in., sandstone and siltstone, soft; exactly as in second part of this core noncalcareous; dip 13°; very faint oi~ odor, no cut but at 237 ft slightly yellow greasy stain in evaporating dish. VE N0. 4, ALASKA, 1944-5$ EtIhSPBON CORE TEST 81-Continued Core I Depth (feet) ~ Descziption 13 14 15 241-252 252-263 263-274 16 274-285 17 285-296 18 296-307 19 307-318 Recovered 20 ft: Microfossils very rare. 4 ft 1 in., clap shale and siltstone, medium- light-gray, very soft; grades from silt to clay, small amount of sand; dip I1°. 7 in., siltstone, medium-light-gray, verp hard, very calcareous; contains quite a bit of biotite; one very thin vein of white calcite cuts core at 45°. 5 ft 4 in., interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and clap shale-mostly silty and sandy, medium-light-gray, soft to very soft; sand is 50 percent white and clear quartz; glauconite, pyrite, and biotite abundant, also clay minerals and dark chert; non- calcareous; dip 12°; no shows. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils very rare. Siltstone and some sandstone, medium- light-gray, very soft, very argillaceous; 2 in. of hard verp calcareous siltstone at 258 ft. Broken peleeypod shells at 25734 and 262 ft. The one at 262 ft strongly resembles those found at 228 ft in core 13 in Simpson core test 30; noncalcareous; dip 7.° Inoceramus prisms in microfossil cut. Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. Siltstone, light- to medium-light-gray, soft laminae and partings of slightly darker gray clay shale; silt contains quartz, glauconite, mica, pyrite, and other min- erals. One silty grayish-yellow clay iron- stone concretion 2 in. thick at 267 ft. Several unidentifiable pelecypod frag- ments in the core; noncalcareous; dip 4°; no shows. Recovered 11 ft: Microfossils rare. Interbedded clay shale, 60 percent, and light- to medium-light-gray medium-soft siltstone 40 percent, slightly softer than the clay; fair to poor cleavage, very rare white pelecypod shell fragments; non- calcareous; dip 10°. Recovered 10 ft 6 in.: Microfossils absent. Clay shale, medium-light-gray, medium- soft; fair cleavage, rare lighter colored and softer silty laminae; noncalcareous; dip 4°. Recovered 9 ft 1 in.: Microfossils very rare. Clay shale as in core immediately above, slightly more silt which makes the clay shale softer and crumbly; noncalcareous; dip 4°. Recovered k0 ft: Microfossils very rare. 1 ft, clay shale, silty, crumbly as in core above. 3 ft, siltstone, light-olive-gray, very soft and friable, argillaceous, micaceous; 3 in. of hard silty grayish-yellow clay ironstone .at 310 ft, noncalcareous; dip 3°; slight oil stain and odor; grades at the base into: 6 ft, sandstone, medium-light-olive-gray, very fine to fine-grained, rather soft and friable; cleaves parallel to bedding, sub- angular to subrounded-mostly sub- angular; 85 percent white and clear quartz, rest dark-gray chert, carbonaceous par- titles, some mica and other dark minerals; noncalcareous; dip as high as 10°; oil stain ranges from fair to verp good; good odor, brownish-yellow cut, and browniah- yellow residue at 316 ft. • • CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALAS%A 9IMP90N CORE TEST 31--Continued Core ~ Depth (feet} ~ Description 20 318-329 Recovered 7 ft: Microfossils absent. Sandstone, light-olive-gray, very fine to fine-grained, medium-soft and friable; also silty in spots, composition same as immediately above, 1-in.-thick .yellowish- gray clay ironstone concretion at 327 ft; ironstone contains cooly chips; noncal- careous; dip 6°; very faint odor, no cut; slight greasy stain at 327 ft. 21 329-340 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 4 ft, sandstone, light-olive-gray, as described in core immediately above, dip 10°-15°. 9 in., lignite and coal, dull-grayish-black, flaky; fairly good cleavage, blocky fracture in part; contains stringers of shiny black coal, plant fragments visible, rare patches of amber resinous material; dip 10°. 5 ft 3 in., interbedded silty sandstone and clay shale in equal proportions, medium- Iight- to medium-gray, medium-soft; fair cleavage, numerous partings contain black cooly particles, two thin grayish-yellow clay ironstone concretions at 336 and 337 ft; noncalcareous; dip 8°; very faint odor, no cut, greasy stain in evaporating dish at 331 ft. 22 340-351 Recovered 10 ft: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 10 in., clay shale, medium-dank- to dark- gray, very carbonaceous, soft and rather brittle; fair to good cleavage; noncalear- eous. 2 ft 3 in., bentonite, very light gray; medium- hard when throughly dry; contains abundant hexagonal biotite plates.; a few thin laminae of clay shale. 3 ft 10 in., clay shale, dark-gray to grayish- black, very carbonaceous, medium-soft; poor cleavage, tendency toward con- choidal fracture. Two in. of very light yellowish-gray bentonite at 347 ft. 5 in., coal, dull to shiny black; blocky fracture, several interbeds of clay shale. l ft 8 in., clay shale, light- to medium-dark- gray, medium-soft; poor cleavage, ranges from bentonitic to carbonaceous, also slightly silty toward base. 23 351-355 Recovered 3 ft 10.: Microfossils absent. 1 ft 5 in., closely interbedded clay shale, medium-light-gray, and very light gray medium-soft bentonitic clay shale; fair cleavage; dip 7°. 8 in., b e n t o n i t e, medium-oliv~gray- really very light gray with strong oil stain and odor. 1 ft 9 in., cimystone, medium-light-gray, rather hard, silty, micaceous; irregular fracture roughly parallel- to bedding; noncalcareous. MINGiA VELOCITY TEST 1 Core ~ Depth (feet) ~ ~ Description 0-5 5-10 10-12 12-30 Elevation of kelly bushing above sea level. Ice. Water and clay. Clay medium-light-olive-gray very fine to medium subangular to subrounded sand, made up of varicolored quartz (largely clear, white, and yellow) and chert. White mollusk shell fragments, microfossils abundant. MINOR VELOCITY TEST 1-ContLnned 7I1 Core Depth (!ee~? Description 30-60 Sand and clay, medium-light- to medium- olive-gray. Some of the sand is very coarse to granule-size quartz and dark chert. Mollusk fragments. 60-85 Sand, subrounded to well-rounded grains, granules, and pebbles; clear quartz, gray quartzite, and dark-gray and black chert. Numerous shell fragments. Base of the Gubik Formation-top of the Seabee Formation at approximately 85 ft. 85-100 Clay, medium-light-gray. 100-110 Small amount of limestone, medium-gray, very silty. Also clay and some sub- angular white and clear quartz sand grains. 110-130 Clay, trace limestone 120-130 ft_ 130-140 Limestone or very calcareous medium- gray siltstone (50 percent of washed sample). 140-230 Clay, medium-light-gray. Rare fish frag- ments 170-180 ft. 230-250 Clay up to 40 percent and very silty lime- stone or very calcareous medium-gray siltstone. Rare fish fragments 240- 250 ft. 250-280 Clay, medium-light-gray. Rare fish frag- ments 260-270 ft. 280-290 Siltstone, very calcareous and medium- gray limestone (30 percent of washed sample), also clay. Rare fish fragments 280-290 ft. 290-310 Clay. 310-330 Limestone, medium-gray, silty (25 percent of washed sample 310-320 ft), also clay. Rare fish fragments 310-320 ft. 330-460 Clay, medium-light-gray, "sticky," possi- bly bentonitic; also streaks of silt. Trace brownish-gray clay ironstone 430- 440 ft. Rare fish fragments 400-410 ft. 460-470 White crystalline calcite or aragonite and clay (6 in_ of calcite at 465 ft). 470-570 Clay, medium-light-gray, rare fish fragments 530-550 ft. 570-580 White crystalline calcite or aragonite, small amount; also clay. Rare fish fragments. 580-620 Clay; bentonite very rare 610-620 ft. (In unwashed sample.) Rare fish fragments 610-620 ft. Top of Ninuluk and Seabee Formations undifferentiated probably near 610 ft. 620-630 Abundant white crystalline calcite or aragonite, rare Sakes of biotite imbedded in the calcite, some yellowish-brown clay ironstone. White bentonitic mate- rial noted in unwashed lithology sample. 630-650 Clay, calcite, clay ironstone, and some white soft slightly calcareous claylike material containing flakes of biotite. Some very fine to fine sand, subangular to subrounded grains, primarily white quartz, trace of coal and pyrite. 650-660 Clay, sand, and pyrite. 660-670 Crystalline calcite or aragonite, quartz sand, and trace of coal; pyrite common. 670-740 Clay and sand, primarily fine white quartz but some medium-grained dark chert; pyrite common, trace coal 710-?40 ft. Top of Grandstand Formation at about 740 ft. 740-750 Pyritized sandstone and some clay. Sand- stone fine-grained quartz with a pyrite matrix, pieces of pyrite abundant. 750-810 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine, sub- angular to subrounded; primarily white and clear quartz. EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEIIM RESERVE ~4, ALASSA, 1944-53 712 D9TN(iA VELOCITY TFBT 1--Conttnned Core I Depth (feet) I Description 810-960 Probably clay with streaks of sand. A large amount of rounded varicolored grains of sand contamination from the Gubik Formation particularly from 890 to 960 ft. Gubik microfossils and mol- lusk shell fragments are also present. Sand penetrated is same as in section immediately above. Pyrite abundant 810-870 ft. Clay ironstone concretions 830-840 and 870-880 ft. Rare fish fragments 840-850 and 860-870 ft. Pyritic Diirupa sp. (top occurrence) 860-870 ft. 960-980 Clay and sand, up to 25 percent (of washed sample} of medium-dark-gray very dense limestone plus a small amount of white calcite. 980-1, 010 Sand, medium-light-gray, very fine to fine; primarily white quartz, some dark chem. I, 010-1, 050 Sand, some clay, nothing in ditch except about three chips of limestone at 1,030- 1,040 ft (which could be contamination from above) to account for strong "kick" on electric log. 1, 050-1, 225 Clap with some sand stringers, medium- light-gray, fine; some grains slightly larger; primarily white aubangular to subrounded quartz; some dark chem. Clay ironstone 1,070-1,080 ft. Traoe coal 1,130-1,140 ft; Ditrupa ep. frag- ments. 1, 225-2, 233 Recovered 7 ft: Microfosails abundant. Clay shale, medium-light-gray; hackly fracture, fairly soft and Enable, rare carbonaceous flecks; dip approxi- mately 3° • noncaleareous; very rare unidentified pelecypod and gastropod fragments. Total depth 1,233 ft. CORE ANALYSES POROSITY AND PERMEABILITY No core analyses were made on Simpson core testa 1-12. Moat of the sandstone in cores taken in Simpson core tests 13-31 is unconsolidated, or nearly so; there- fore, very few porosity and permeability analyses were made in the Fairbanks laboratory as equipment was not available to make tests on such samples. The poros- ities and permeabilities listed in table 3 probably rep- resent the lowest readings that could be obtained from the sandstone as a whole. By their very consolidation these samples are from beds with the most cementing material and are, for that reason the least porous and permeable. Tea1.E 3. Porosity and- permeability of samples from Simpson core tests 15, 1.¢, and .~8 Core Deptb Core fast No. (}set) E$ective porosity (percent) Air permsabilltyy (millidsreys) 13_-°•---.--------------- 97 8883¢ li----__.-_°------------ 9 976 ~------------------------ s 1,386 28____________^----_----- 18 Z. 603 128 33.96 as 00 22.b Too soft. 398 goo 71 i APpro~mately. The following report on some samples from Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 16 was made by S. T. Yuster, U.S. Geological Survey. TABLE 4.-Porosity, gerrrteabildty, and fluid saturat4on of sample8 from Simpson core testa 15, 1.~, and 1 B [Analysis by 8. T. Yosterl Core test Core No. Deptb (feet) P«~~ I ~tCuiriation ~ sattuation _ Permeability (nilllidarcys) Remarks (in paraent) 13______________ 143 1,062-1,066 ______________ None 100 __________ Unconsolidated sand. 144 1,066-1,075 -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Cley. 144 1 1, 066-1, 075 ______________ None 100 __________ Do. 144 = 1, 066-1, 075 -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Thick mud. 145 1,075-1,079 -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Do. 146 = 1, 079-1, 084 ______________ 5 95 __________ Friable shale. 146 1, 079-1, 084 ______________ None 100 __________ Do. 147 1, 084-1, 087 ______________ None 100 __________ Do. 158 1, 138-1, 148 ______________ 1. 5 92 5 __________ Unconsolidated sand. 158 ' 1, 138-1, 148 ______________ 63.0 35.2 _ --------- o. 14 8 465-475 33 (assumed) 7.5 85.7 __________ Do. ______________ 8 465-475 36.8 5. 3 68.5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Poorly consolidated sand.a 9 475-485 33 (assumed) 12.4 46.0 _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Unconsolidated sand.t - 9 475-485 -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- nd mixture. elay- 9 475-485 6. 7 93 __________ Unconsolidated sand.t ~ 9 475-485 ______________ 34.8 65.1 __________ s Poorl consolidated sand. 10 485-495 ______________ 18.5 81.5 __________ Unconsolidated sand.a 10 485-495 -------------- 5.1 94.8 ------_--- Do. 10 485-495 10.9 40.3 36.8 0. 29 Consolidated sandstone. 11 495-505 ______________ __________ __________ __________ Coal and black shale. 11 495-505 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14.4 84.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ Unconsolidated sand.' 11 495-505 -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Clsy and sand. ____ 16---------- 3 525-535 ______________ 82 18 __________ Unconsolidated sand. ~ Middle. s Bottom. ~ Plus olay. CORE TESTS, SII~SON AREA, ALASSA CORE ANALYl3E6 OF 9IMP80N COFwE TE9T9 18, 14, AND 16 By S_ T. YIISTEA Most of the core samples obtained from Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 16 were very poor due to the generally poor consolidation of the sandstone in the Simpson area and in some cores to the interbedding of shale and sand. It was possible to run only two poros- ities and one permeability test from a total of 23 sam- ples. For some samples, a porosity assumption was made and an average grain density of 2.65 assumed in order to calculate a grain volume and to obtain a pore volume for saturation calculations. For others it was assumed that the pore volume was 100 percent satu- rated, and the oil and water had been extracted. Cor- ing is very unsatisfactory in unconsolidated or poorly consolidated sands, and flushing by the drilling fluid would be aggravated under such conditions. The saturation data would therefore be more questionable than usual. The only noteworthy sample from Simpson core test 13 is from core 158 which bottomed at 1,138-1,148 feet (table 4). This sample was an unconsolidated sand that for some reason retained a high oil saturation. The best criterion of the productivity of this section would be in the well behavior, providing a mud or water block had not been created during the drilling opera- tion. From its texture, it is believed that the sand has a fairly high permeability. Two samples from the interval between 475-495 feet in Simpson core test 14 have oil saturations that might represent productive sands. One having an oil satura- tion of 40.3 percent, however, has a permeability of 0.29 millidarcys, which would give a productivity too Iow to be of practical significance. This low permeability would, in fact, minimize flushing and account for a higher saturation than is present in neighboring samples. Because of the shallow depth of this section; it is likely that the formation pressure is low, and if in addition the sand is in the permafrost, the productivity may be disappointing. The only sample submitted for analysis from Simpson core test 16 had the highest oil saturation of all samples analyzed. Oil had bled into the sample can from the core; its richness was such as to appear that it had been "salted." This sample was unconsolidated and had a texture that indicated high permeability. As in Simp- son core test 14, the depth was shallow and the pro- ductivity probably would be low. BIEVE ANALY8S8 Sieve analyses (table 5) were run on the same sand- stone in the l~Tinuluk and Seabee Formations, undif- ferentiated, from core tests 26 and 30 near seep 3. This is the producing sandstone in Simpson core test 26 and the equivalent beds in 30. 713 Tes1,E 5.-Sieve analyses, in percent, Ninuluk and Seabee Forma- tions, undi,$'erentiated, Simpson core tests ~iS and 30 [IIsing Amer[can Society for Testing Material sieves] Core teat 28 Core test 30 Wentworth scale Core 22 Core 10 (313 feet) (31b feet) Vary coarse sand (plus IS mesh)-----. _-------_---- --- -------------- -------------- Coerse sand (Pins 35 mesh)---------------------------- Trace 0.03 Mediumsend(p1us80mesh)__________________________ 0.4 1.6 Fine sand (Plus 120 mesh)-------------------------_-- 98.9 76.b Very 11ae sand (Plus 230 mesh)------------------_---- 19.2 11.9 S11t and clay (pins 325 mesh)-------------------------- 7.8 b. 3b Clay (Pan)-------------°----------------------------- 4.2 4.18 Total------------------------------------------ 90.4 99.64 ~avY ~x~x,AZ,s R. H. Morris examined many samples from the Simpson core tests as a part of his study of the heavy- mineral suites in the rocks of northern Alaska. A pre- liminary diseussion of various zones may be found in the "Geology of the Arctic Slope of Alaska" (Morris and Lathram, 1951). Two heavy-mineral zones are recognized in some of the Simpson core tests on the west side of the Simpson peninsula. The thin surficial deposits of the Gubik Formation are marked by the rounded-grain zone and the underlying Cretaceous strata are represented by the glaucophane zone. To the east, Simpson core tests 13-31 are characterized by the rounded-grain zone in the Gubik Formation, and the biotite, the glaucophane, and the zoned-zircon zones in the Cretaceous. Table 6 summarizes the occurrences of these zones in the Simpson core tests as determined by Morris, and plates 47--49 show the relative abun- dance of the heavy minerals. TABLE 6.-Heavy-mineral zones in the Simpson core tests [Determined by R. H. Morris. Depths in feet] Core test Rounded- grain zone Biotite zone Qlaucophane zone Zoned-zircon zone 1--- ------ ~ -------------- ~ -------- 2--'------- --------- ----------------- 170 -------- 3---------- -------- --------------_ 278-338 --------- 4---------- ---------- --------------- 81-121 -------- 6---------- --------- NosamPlea------- -------- -------- 8--------- 296 --------------- 1~ --------- 7--------- ---------- -------------- 372 -------- g----------- 60 ---------------- 21o-bao --------- 0---------- 200 --------------- 70-230 -------- 10_= ------ ~ --------------- ~~ --------- 11-- ------- --------- No samPles-------- --------- ------------ 12-. ------ ---------- ----dO------------- -------- _--------- la______-_ .._______-_ 810._____--- ------ 89? 1,113 ______-- 14 ------- --------- ~------------- 320-1.213 ----------- __ 14A_------ --------- NO samples------ ---------- --------- 16-- ------ ---------- ~------------ ----------- --------- 16_: ------ ---- -- -- ---'------------ 493-539 ---------- 17_. ------- ---------- X824-------------- 7~ --------- 18__ --------- ---------- NosamPles_____-- -------- ----------- 19__ ------ ------------ -----do----------- -------- -------- ~-- ----- ----------- -----dO-------------- -------- -------- 21__ ------ --------- ----d0-------------- --------- --------- ~----------- ------------ ----do------------ -------- ---------- 23_______-_ ______--_ _____________ 808-002 ---_--_-- 24._ ------ -------- ------------- 803-702 --------- ~-------- --------- ~------------ 820-1480 --------- 28___________ -----__ 170-282-------- 300 _---__--_ ~-- -------- -------- 279----------- -----'--- `-------__ 29.____-_-- .___--_--- ---___--____-- l,zso-1,400 2,bd2 29___--_-- 7R 325----------- 400-461 -------_ ~---------- ~-------- 318-344_--------- 827 ----------- 30A._------ -------- --------------- ~ ---------- 31---------- --------- ~----------- ----------- --------- MinBa L---- ----------- No samPles--------- ----------- -------- 714 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUns RESERVE N0. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 OIL AND GAS OIL AND Q88 6HOWi3 The first analyses (table 7) of oil collected from the seeps in the Cape Simpson area were made by the U.S. Bureau of Mines (Mcginney and others, 1959, p. 6). These samples were taken by a Bureau of Mines recon- naissance field party, which spent the summer of 1943 in Alaska studying oil seeps. Many gas and oil shows were found in the Simpson core tests. These aIl occur in the Seabee, in the Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferentiated, or in the top of the Grandstand Formation. Table 8 includes all the shows noted by (a) the geologist or engineer at the test site, and by (b) the geologist at the Fairbanks labora- tory where the cores were taken for analysis and de- scription. No analyses were made in Fairbanks of the first 12 core tests. Table 9 is a list of the cuts from the later tests. TABLE T.-Characteristics of Cape Simpson seepage samples obtained in 19/t3 [Determined by U.B. Bm~. Mines, Baztlesville, Olds.] Original sample Extracted material ~ Oii seep 8peciflc gravity, Oravlty, °API Characteristics CDaracteristics 8peclflc Qravlty, gravity °API 80°/80° F 60°/80° ~' Color Consist- ency 3__ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ ___ __ _ Black, semSsolld_ 0.975 13.6 Black_ _ Viscous. 1___- ------ ----- ----d°----_-__ .96b 15.1 --_d°---- Do. 1_---- ------- --_---- Brown.li4nld__ .949 17-8 ___d°-_-- Do. 2_---- ._-- -- - --- I Black, asphaltic_ .941 18.9 ___d°---- Do. 2_____ 0-937 19.b wnlsh-green B nmad Noeztr ( lig I l i ~ Mirture of benzene and chloroform was aced as extraction solvent. TeaLE 8.-Oil and gas shows, Simpson core tests [A, Noted by the U.B. Navy geologist at the test s1te; B, noted by the II.B. Oeol. Survey Fairbanks laboratory) Core test Recorded by Depth (teat) 6how 6 A 79-89 1 in. brown oil-saturated sand. 109-119 6 in. brown oil-stained bleeding sand. 119-129 1;>i ft brown oil-saturated sand. A little gas noticed to ditch before abandonment. --- ----- 8 A 60-70 tin sand saturated with brown to green-brown oil. 70-80 80-90 I ft good oll Dolor, bleedingQ. Streaks with tree oil, bleeding throughout. 90-100 Oood oil color, bleeding in spots. 100-110 Oood odor; bleeding in spots. 110-120 Bleeding throughout, spots of saturation. 120-130 - Spots of free oil. 130-190 Qood oil color, some spots o[ free oll. 140-150 Very good oil odor, bleeding. 150-180 Oood oll color throaghout, bleeding iII spots. 160-170 Oood oil cwloi and odor. 180-190 Slight oil odor and few streaks witD oil color. . 200-210 Very slight off odor. 31032D Brackish taste. 680-,570 Water bearing sand. B _____ __-- No analyses. 9 A 40-W Light-brown oil Dolor on oatslde of core. 60-70 Vary slight lighbbrown oil color. No oil odor or taste. 90-100 Oood color and odor, bleeding oll. 100-110 Blight snow of oil. I10-116 f~h ow of 1igDt-brown oil. gh B o ~ yses. TABLE 8.-Oil and gas shows, Simpson core testa-Continued Core Recorded Depth BDow test ! by (feet) f 10 A a 13 A B 14 A B lb A B 181A B 17 A B 24 A B 25 A B 26 A B 27 A B 80-90 90-100 lao-llo 310-320 320-330 ---~~ -- 809-817 1, 082-1, 088 1, 075-1, 079 1, 093-1, 0(18 1,138-1,148 b9B304 cot-ao9 809-817 817-022 81722 822~zr 827-833 833-840 844-849 883373 s9o-898 731-738 738-744 744-764 771-781 791-801 9140-9b0 9b0-971 1, 082-1, 088 1, 086-1, 075 I, 064-1,037 1,113-1,118 1,118-1, IZb 318-326 395-465 47b-b05 635-540 b86306 806815 alb-3z6 485-476 475485 486-49b b66-b7b b7b-685 b963(Ib 700-710 845-85b 803-310 alo-331 331-380 303-310 b30-810 306 32b 492 492198 b26-b27 492198 825-527 b39 680 b77-589 824 561-691 824-628 805 905 1,123-1,128 836-843 100 loo 170 x00308 170-180 13o-190 190-201 283-274 806317 278-29I 815-316 324325 278-289 317 324 Light-yellow-brown oil along cleavage and fracture planes. Oil odor and color, bleeding core. Blight oil odor. Btreaks with light•green oil. Ligbt-grcen oil in streaks. No analyses. Blight show ofl, Ether cut. ''~. Qas and a little oil. Stringers of gee sand. '~. Very little gas sand. Qas sand. Faint oil odor and stein. Do. Fair odor, slight stain. Faint odor and stain. Do. Slight odor. 81igDt oil odor and stain. Oil odor and stain. Fav oll odor and stela. ', Very faint oil odor and stain. i Oll odor and stain. ~ Blight oil stain and odor. Very faint oil odor. Mottled yellowish stain, feint odor. Fairly good oil stain, good odor. Blight odor and stain. Blight odor. Do. Slf~ht stela, fair oil odor. Fair oil odor, taint stain. Fair oil stain and odor. Faint odor. Vary faint odor. Faint show gas and oll. Oll and gas snowing in ditch. Qas and oil. Oood show of gas and oil In ditch. Faint gas and oil show. Verp faint gas and o8 show. Fair odor. Fair oil odor. Fair oil stain and odor. Do. Vety feint odor. Do. Faint odor. Do. Faint odor. A little gas to sand. Sand streaks ccatainfng gas and oil- '. Fair gas and oil show. '~, Oil globules ePPcered on the surface of the mad !n the casing until the Hole froze np. Faint °il odor. Scum o[ oil 1n cans of cutting samples rceeived to the laboratory. Show o[ gsa. Do. Bhow of oll. Oll shale. Oil sand. This hole made gas intermittently for more than a year. Faint oil odor. Very good oil stain and odor. Oood oil odor. Oas show below 580 ft. Oll sand. 6traw-yellow cut. Oood odor, good olive-green oil. Fair odor, slight stain. ', Oil fluorescence, no odor or cut. No analyses. '~, Visible green showing of oil, good odor, some Band saturated with light-green oil, very small amount of gas babbling from hole. Fair odor. Few bubbles o[ gas on ditch. Blight show of oil on ditch. Qood continuous flow of gas from hole. Snows of o1I to all sands below 170 ft. Flow of oil suspended dr[lling; estimate 15 bbls in first hr, flow diminished as result of j freezing to only a few gas bubbles in 48 Drs. Strong oil odor. Oll odor, oil stain. Fair to good odor and stain. Oood odor and stain. Very good odor, stain. Interbedded shale and sand showing oll. Fa1nt odor, pale oll cut. Band, saturated witD oll. Oil stain. I Faint oil odor. Oood snow off. CORE TESTS, SIII~SON AREA, ALASBA~ TABLE 8.-Olt and gas ahotos, Simpson core tests-Continued Core Recorded Depth 6how test by (feet) 29 A 283 i Very pale ether ant. 293-309 Qood fluorescence, very Dale ether cut. 303-318 Do. 313-823 Qood fluorescence, very pale cut. 323-333 Good fluorescence, pale ant. 333-343 Fluorescence, very weak CCIa ant. 343.354 Good fluorescence. 8b4-385 Goad fluorescence, very pale ether ant. B 293-803 Fair oll odor. 80918 Fair odor. 919-323 Very taint odor. 928-333 Fair odor. 83343 Fairly good oil odor. 948364 Fair odor. 3b4-30b Do. 30 A 283-273 Oood show oil. 273-283 Da. 283-293 Fair to good 8noreaoence, pale ether cat. 293303 Do. 808-860 Oood oil odor and stain, excellent fluorescence. 4os-419 s ~ hs snow gas 461-471 F show oil. b84-b90 Da. 820-830 811ght to fair show oll. 830-870 Slight show of oil. The drlllinB fluid con- tataed much oil, and the oil shows are sn~estSVe of Dore contamination. It Is believed that the sands contain some oil but also considerable water (ice). B n O ~ ~~ and odor. il sta 303-313 Fa1r oll odor. 316 Strong oll odor. 323-388 Do. 333-943 Do. ~ 343-963 Do. 887-377 Faint off odor. 4b3-480 Oood oil odor. 400-471 Faint odor. 820-030 Strong oll odor. 630-640 (food oll odor. 640-651 Fairly good Odor. 851-682 Olive-colaugd stain, fair odor. 673-883 very faint odor. 30A A 310 Slight show oll on ditch. a:o show of gag. 429 "Considerable gas," serge lasted 12 hr, mud weight was T6 Ib per ctr it prior to serge. B -----------_ No analyses. 31 A 296-208 Slightly o[1 soaked, fluorescent cones. 30716 31829 Oll stained, strops odor, good fluorescence. Poor and spotty fluorescence, no odor. 365 Flowed oil. B 30718 Fair to very good stain, good odor. 327 Very taint odor. 331 Do. TABLE 9.-Cuts made tmth CCIs on Simpson core tests, lit the Fairbanks laboratory Core test Core Depth Cut Residue (lest) 13__________ 110 798 None____________________ Very pale yellow. ilb 823 _____do_°---------------- None. 117 848 -----do_----------------- Do. 128 947' _____do------------------- Do. 129 967 _____d°----------°--°--- Do. 143 1,066 Amber__________________ Yellowishbrown. 144 1,070 Straw celored___________ Yellow. ' 153 1,113 Pale straw celored_ _ ____ ow. Very pale yel] 162 1,185 None____________________ Nane. 14_-------- 5 309 -----dO--------------___ Do. 7 320 Straw colored___________ Pale yellow. 8 968 Yellow__________________ Brownish yellow. 9 476 Amber__________________ Yellowish brown. 10 492 Yellow__________________ Brownish yellow. 11 496 _____do___________________ Yellowish brown. 13 572 None____________________ Greasy film. 14 577 ~Verypalestraweolored_. Very pale yellow. 17 608 None__________.._________ None. 18 Bl6 _____d°°_--_--_----____ Do. 19 707 -----dO------------------- Do. 20 848 _____d°----------------- Do. lb__________ 2 309 Pale strawcrolored______ Palepellow. 16__________ 2 498 Yellow__________________ Brownish yellow. 3 527 Dark amber_____________ Brown. 9 538 Amber__________________ ; Yellowish brown. 1Z-------__ 4 588 -----d0-------------°---- Do. b 624 -----dO------------------- Do. 6 799 None____________________ None. 25__________ 34 839 Ye11ow__________________ Brownish yellow. 76 1,279 None____________________ Slight greasytllm. 715 TABLE 9.-Cuts made with CCI, on Simpson core tests, in the Fairbanks laboratory-Continued Core test I Core I Dept I Cnt I Residue 26__________ 6 180 Brownish yellow________ Yellowish brown. 7 188 Yellow__________________ Yellow. 8 200 Brownishyollow________ Yellowish brown. 9 268 Yellowish brown________ Brown. 10 309 Deep amber_____________ Brown oil. 29__________ 24 308 Yellow__________________ Brownish yellow. 25 317 -----d0------------------ Do. 26 325 -----dO------------------ Do. 27 842 -----d0------------------- Do. 28 348 -----dO------------------- Do. 29 384 -----dO------------------- . Do. 31 881 None__----------__---- Qreasy film. 80 _--_-__- 9 188 None-------------------- None. it 204 _____do------------------- Do. 17 285 Yellowishbrown________ Yellowish brown. 18 279 Brownish yellow________ Y ll i h Brown. B tl 22 23 318 828 brown________ ow s e Brown__________________ rowno . Dark brown oil. 24 840 Yellowish brown________ Brown. ' 26 345 Brownish yellow________ Yellow brown 27 878 Straw colored___________ Light yellow. 94 456 Amber__________________ Brown oll. 35 488 Very pale strew colored__ Very pale yellow. 41 827 Yellowish brown________ Brown oll. 42 838 -----dO------------------ Do. 49 848 Brownish yellow________ Do. 49 880 Yellow__________________ Yellowisbbtown. 45 685 None____________________ Pale yellow. 46 881 -----do.°-°------------- Do. 30A______-- 1 888 _____d°------------------- Faint greasy film. 31_.___--_-_ 10 217 _____d°------------------- Qreasy stain. 12 238 _____d°-______-__-__-____ Slightly yellow greasy stain. 19 316 Brownishyellow________ , Brownish yellow. 20 327 None---------------_--- blight greasy state. 21 831 -___do___________________ Qreasy stain. Core tests 1-5, 7, 11, 12, 14A, 18-23, and Mingo velocity test 1 had no shows. Samples of a sandstone from the Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferen- tiated, cored in core tests 26 and 27, were tested for saturation (table 10). TABLE 10.-Saturation tests, Ninuluk-Seabee Formations un- differentiated, Simpson core tests $6 and $7 Cora teat Core Depth (feet) Petroleum (percent) Bassi sedt- meet and (Pelt) Total (per- cent by volume) 28___________________ 27___________________ ~ 10 10 24 310 318 324 25.0 14. b 17.2 18.4 27.8 1b.9 41.4 41.8 33.1 FORMATION AND PRODIICTZON TEBT6 Simpson core test 8. After coring to 160 feet, the hole was bailed dry to 120 feet. The hole was allowed to stand open for 2 hours, but no oil accumulated except for a faint oil color on the mud. Simpson core test 16.-VPhen at the total depth of 800 feet, the hole was bailed down to 692 feet. A few gallons of oil were recovered. The hole was bailed again 6 hours later; 1 quart of mud and no oil was recovered. The hole made a smaII amount of gas, which ignited and burned for several days. The hole continued to make some gas for more than a year. Simpson core test ,2ti.-Upon reaching a depth of 306 feet, the well flowed at an estimated rate of 60 barrels of oil per day for 36 hours (that is, until the hole froze). 7I6 EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE N~4, ALASKA, 1844-53 After the casing was set at 350 feet, the side of the hole was scratched from the bottom of the easing to 550 feet. The hole was bailed to 550 feat. The results of a 4-hour test showed that the weII was producing 5 gallons of water and a trace of oil per hour. The casing was perforated with 144 shots from 289 to 325 feet. The well flowed oil through 210 feet of 2'/~-inch line pipe at an average rate of 110 barrels of oil per day, gravity 20° API, oil temperature 21 ° F, and casing pressure 47 psi. The well was shut in. On a 13-day test made 5 months (end of aVlarch 1951) after the completion of drilling, the well pro- duced at an average rate of 92 barrels of oil and 2,500- 3,000 cu ft of gas per day. The bottom-hole pressure ranged from 195 to 215 psi, and the well-head pressure was about 25 psi. The oil temperature was 14 °-17 °F and the bottom-hole temperature 13.7 °F. The following is a summary of another production test made at the beginning of May 1951: Type of flow___________________________ slug Time of flow___________________________ 116 hours Total production_______________________ 597bblsperday' Maximum rate of production_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 176 bbls per day Mean rate of production_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 120 bbls per day weight of cude________________________ 21.6° API at 60°F Formation pressure (static) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 250 psig Formation pressure (flowing) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 155 psig Temperature of cude___________________ 14°F Basal sediment and water________________ negligible i 98-gallon barrels. in preventing the well and meters from freezing. After the weIl began to flow, the shut-in wellhead pressure was 60 psi and dropped to 0 psi when flowing. No actual gage was made on this well because it froze up and shut off the flow before gaging facilities could be instaIled. An Amerada bomb was stopped at only 5 feet below the casing head. If this well had been cased as was Simp- son core test 26, it would probably be capable of produc- ing 120-125 barrels per day. The oil from this well tested 21 ° API, and no water was indicated. c+AS exn o>z exaLYS~s The following results were obtained in analyses made by the- National Bureau of Standards from a gas sample taken at a 395-400 foot depth in Simpson core test 14: rer°enz Methane------------------------------------------- 98.4 Ethane-------------------------------------------- 0.07 Propane------------------------------------------- 0.02 Nitrogen------------- ----------------------------- 1.40 Carbon dioxide------------------------------------- 0.10 Total---------------------------------------- 99.99 Three samples of crude oil from Simpson core test 26 were tested (table 11). TABLE 11.-Crude-oit analyses from Simpson core test $6 [Analyses by II.6. Bnr. Mines, Bartlesville, Okla.] The well was again shut in. Simpson core test ,27.-when the hole was at a depth of 380 feet, it was bailed to the bottom and was bailed every 3 hours for 24 hours. Oil was recovered at the rate of 3 barrels per day. Simpson core test 30.-when the hole was at a depth of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 48-hour production test was run. The hole produced oil at the rate of about 6 barrels per day with a very small amount of gas. Simpson core test 30A.-When the hole was at a depth of 350 feet, it was bailed dry and a 24-hour pro- duction test was run. Oil was bailed at the rate of 5 barrels per day. when the hole was at a depth of 423 feet, gas blew up to the top of the derrick but decreased considerably thereafter. when the hole was at a total depth of 701 feet, it was bailed to 365 feet, where the bailer stopped on an ice bridge. After reaming out, the hole was bailed to 701 feet. No oil came in and only a slight amount of gas. Simpso7t core test 31.-while coring at 355 feet, the well began to flow oil. On a 65-hour test the well flowed an estimated 120-125 barrels of oil and 2,000- 4,000 cu ft of gas per day. There was some difpiculty Depth (feet) ~ 300 ~ 300 X06 ~ 289-325 Date sampled________________ Aug. 19, 1950 Aug. 19, 1950 Oct. 26, 1950 API gravity (in degrees)______ 19.5 21.0 20.7 Pour point (° F)°------__-•-- - --------------- <5 <5 6aybolt vLsc~lty at 100° F____ 1,020 480 ________________ Color_________________________ Greenish black Brownish green Brownish green Sulinr (percent)-------------- .41 .40 .36 Oesolineandnaphtha__._____ .0 .0 .0 Kerosene dlstfllate____________ .0 .0 .0 (lasoII___--------__-------__ .5 19.2 16.9 Lubricatfngdistillate_________ 39.8 95.6 37.7 Residuum____________________ 48.6 44.9 44.7 Amore detailed analysis of a crude sample from Simpson core test 31 at 354 feet made by the U.S. Bureau of Mines is given in table 12. Simpson crude is less desirable than that found at Umiat (Collins, 1958) because it has a somewhat higher sulfur content and an API gravity of only 19.5°-21°., The viscosity is so high (480-1,020 sec. Saybolt at 100°F.) that it would require special treatment to ship through a pipeline. The pour point is less than plus 5°F, as there is no gasoline-naphtha content and very little gas oil; it contains a fair quantity of good lubrication stock. The sample contained no gasoline. Inspection data on a 629°F diesel fuel prepared from the crude oil by the Bureau of Mines are tabulated in table 13. • CORE TESTS, SIIvg'SON AREA, ALASSA, TABLE 12.-Crude-oil analysis from a depth of 354 feet, Simpson core teat ~1 717 [Analyses by II.S. Bur. Mines, Bartlesville, Okla.] [General characteristics of sample: 9p 3r, 0.932; sulfur 0.44 percent; Saybhol~ bolo rsal~lrscosit~yen) 100°F, 670 sec; at 130°F, 290 see. A.P.I. gravity, 20.3° Ponr point (°F) Distiitation by Burtau of Mines routine method Cut at- Saybolt Fraction Percent Bum BpeciBc Gravity Correlation Aniline IIntversal Cloud test, (percent) gravity ~ at BO°F indez point, viscosity °F °C I °g °C 100°F Stage 1.-Distillation at stmoepherie pressure, 749 mm Hg. Feat drop, 211°C (412°F). 1------------------------- 50 122 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ----------I --------- 2------------------------- 75 167 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------ 3---------------------- - - 100 212 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- --------- 4------------------------- 125 257 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- =--------- --------- 5------------------------- 150 302 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- - -------- 6------------------------- 175 347 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- --------- 7------------------------- 200 392 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- -------- 8------------------------- 225 437 1.5 1.5 0.864 32.3 -------- -------- ---------- --------- 9_________________________ 250 482 5.4 6.9 .881 29.1 57 59.8 __________ _________, 10_________________________ 275 527 7.7 14.6 .892 27.1 58 60.4 __________ _________. Stage L-DLtillation eontinned at 40 sun Hg. 11_________________________ 200 392 3. 2 17. S 0. 907 24.5 61 61.3 49 Below 5 12_________________________ 225 437 9.2 27.0 .914 23.3 60 62.2 63 Do. 13_________________________ 250 482 8.1 35.1 .927 21.1 63 ________ 110 Do. 14_________________________ 275 527 8.2 43.3 .931 20.5 62 ________ 225 Do. I5_________________________ 300 572 8.7 52.0 .936 19.7 61 ________ Morethan Do. 400 Residuum ~__________________ ________ ________ 47.4 99.4 .951 17.3 ~ Specific gravity at 80°F, compared to water at 80°F. t Carbon residue o[ residuum, 3.8 percent; carbon residue of crude, I.S percent. Approsimate summary Canstitnent I Percent I Bpeeiflc gravlty I Oravitp, °API I Viscosity Total gasoline and naphtha__________________________________ Kerosene distillate_____------------------------------------ Gas oi]--------------------------------------------------- Nonviscous lubricating distillate_____________________________ Medium lubricating distillate________________________________ Viscous lubricating distillate_________________________________ Residuum------------------------------------------------- Distillationloss-------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- 21.8 - - ------------- ------------- 0.893 - - ------------- ------------- 27.0 -------------- -------------- ______________ 7.5 .913-.924 23.5-21.6 50-100 8.2 .924-.930 21.6-20.7 100-500 14.5 .930-. 939 20. 7-19.2 Above 200 47.4 .951 17.3 ______________ •6 - ------------- - ------------- -------------- TABLE 13.-Data on diesel fuel from Simpson crude oil, Simpson core test 31 [Analysis by U.S. Bur. M1nes, Bartlesville, Okla.} Distillation (° F) Initial boiling temperature_______________________ 446 Percent evaporated: 5---------------------------------------- 484 10---------------------------------------- 496 20---------------------------------------- 509 30---------------------------------------- 522 40---------------------------------------- 535 50--------------------•------------------- 550 60---------------------------------------- 563 70-- - ------------------------------------ 576 SO---------------------------------------- 587 90~--------------------------------------- 598 95---------------------------------------- 621 End point----------------------------------------- 629 Gravity,specific____________________________________ 0.90 Gravity, API-------------------------------------- 25.7 Cetane number------------------------------------- 35.5 Aniline point (° F)---------------------------------- 140. 4 Flash point (° F)----------------------------------- 205 Viscosity (seconds Saybolt Universal at 100° F) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 Viscosity (seconds Saybolt Universal at 77 ° F) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 57 Sulfur (wt percent)--------------------------------- .087 Corrosion, copper strip____________________________ negative The cetane number is rather low but a fuel of slightly higher cetane number can be obtained from the crude oil by making a fuel with a higher end point. The viscosity of such a fuel would be rather high as indicated by the viscosity of the 629° F end-point fuel, which exceeds the maximum viscosity of Navy Department Specification 7-0-2e. The high viscosity is attributable to the absence of low-boiling material and the resulting high initial boiling temperature of 446° F. 718 E~ORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESER'~D. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 LOGISTICS Transportation.-The first tractor train left the camp at Barrow for the Simpson area, 75 miles to the east, late in January 1945. The train consisted of three D-8 caterpillar tractors which pulled eight sleds each, and a weasel served to scout pressure cracks in the ice. Total travel time for the round trip was 110 hours. Two other trips were made in February; two or three tractors hauled four or five sleds, preceded by a tractor which bulldozed the trail and pulled four wanigans as weIl. These round trips, made almost entirely on ice, took 56 and 71 hours, respectively. A fourth even quicker trip was made in the middle of April, when a tractor pulled two core rigs (housed and mounted on sleds), one completely stocked galley, and a sled load of drill rods to the camp site, making the round trip in 50 hours. In all, 4,600 tons of supplies were brought to the area by tractor train. These supplies were used to drill Simpson core tests 1-12 in the summer of 1945. Four years later, drilling began on the east side of the peninsula. Supplies for this group of holes (Simp- son core tests 13 through 27, 29 through 31, and Mingo velocity test 1) were also transported by tractor train and averaged a. little less than 500 tons per hole. Core test 28, which was drilled with a larger rig, required 1,000 tons of material. Men and some perishable goods were brought from Barrow camp by light planes, which were mounted on floats in the summer and on skiffs in the winter. Personnel and ho~csing.-The first 12 holes were drilled by Construction Battalion Detachment No. 1058 of the U.S. Navy. Housing for the group consisted of nine tents, which had wooden frames and floors and were 16 feet square; each was equipped with an oil heater. Food was prepared and served in two wanigans. Crews of holes drilled in 1949 included two drillers, four drillers' helpers, one heavy-fluty-equipment me- chanic, one power-equipment operator, two cooks, and a petroleum engineer, who also acted as timekeeper, storekeeper, and first-aid man. A geologist was present at the drill site of all but the first two tests (core tests 13 and 14). A portable camp was used which consisted of sled-mounted wanigans and a Jamesway hut. The wanigans housed ~a powerplant and shop, utilities, a 1,200-gallon water supply, geologist's office, store and radio, mess hall, galley, and food storage. Two wanigans and the but were used for sleeping quarters. In 1950 and 1951 the personnel varied slightly. At every test except core test 28, a geologist, two drillers, four floormen, a heavy-fluty-equipment mechanic, a bulldozer operator, and two cooks were employed. Core tests 25, 26, 29, and 30 had a petroleum engineer at the site and lacked a tool pusher, but the reverse was true at tests 27, 30-A, and 31. The latter three holes and core test 30 had a second bulldozer operator, and core test 31 had a derrickman. Temporary personnel, employed for special jobs, included a crane operator, rig builders, a carpenter, a storekeeper, and extra bulldozer operators, floormen, and derizckmen. Housing was similar to that used in 1949, except for the addition of two wanigans for pump and generator and another for sleeping. Simpson core test 28, which had a bigger rig, needed a different crew. It consisted of a drilling foreman, petroleum engineer, and geologist as supervisory personnel, and two drillers, two derrickmen, six floormen, and two firemen in the rig crew. Two cooks, two buldozer operators, and one oiler made up the rest of the permanent personnel- The camp consisted of buildings mounted on sleds. Wooden wanigans housed the geology office, the shop, the electrical control gear, a boiler, a generator, utilities, cementing materials, an oilfield warehouse, food storage, and a lavatory. Four Jamesway huts were used for sleeping and one each for a galley and mess hall. 'When the camp and rig were moved to the site, a crew of 12 men, including rig holders, moved and set up the camp and rig. Vehicles and heavy equipment.-The Construction Battalion used a Failing model 314 core rig, which had a Chrysler 6-cylinder model 108-503 motor and a Gardner-Denver 4- by 5-inch pump. A Caterpillar D-8 tractor was used for transportation. Vehicles used in 1949 included a Caterpillar D-8 tractor, an International T-9 cherrypicker crane, an Athey wagon, and two weasels. In the next 2 years a second Athey wagon and Micheler go-devil sled were also used. Drilling equipment used by Arctic Con- tractors in 1949 and the two subsequent years (except for core test 28) included a Failing 1500-5 drill rig, which had an automatic pulldown and a Gardnar- Denver 4~- by 6-inch mud pump. An auxiliary Gardner-Denver 5- by 10-inch mud pump was run by a Caterpillar D-8800 engine. Two mud tanks having a total capacity of 1,200 gallons, enclosed and mounted on a Micheler sled, were used for most of the tests. Core tests 16 through 24, however, used mud pits blasted in the ground, to avoid having to set surface casing. Core test 28 was drilled with Cardwell model H drawworks and an 87-foot Ideco derrick having a crown and finger. The drawworks was run with a Caterpillar D-8800 engine. Other equipment included two 7~- by 10-inch Gardner-Denver mud pumps, two Caterpillar D-13000 engines for the pumps, 4-inch Marlow pump, Kewanee 32-horsepower boiler with feed pump, 125- barrel mud tank, Baash-Ross traveling block, and Emsco AB-4 swivel, and a 17'~-inch Ideal rotary table. Vehicles used around the drill site were two weasels, a CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALASSA • 719 Northwest crane, a "cherry picker" crane, and a D-8 Caterpillar tractor with blade. Fuel, lubricant, and water consu7n~tion-The fuel, lubricant, and water used for drilling core tests 13-3I and Minga velocity test 1 are shown in table 14; such data TABLF. 14 -Fuel, lubricant, and water consumed (in gallons) in drilling the Simpson core tests on the east side of the peninsula Core test Diesel (35 cetane) Gasoline (80 octane) Lubricating oil (No. 9178) water I3------------------------ 512 1.597 40 39,800 14----------------------- 635 837 31 20.100 14-A--------------------- 38 45 1 700 lb_________-'_°_--_-'--- 327 348 12 5,000 16________________________ 186 220 8 9.600 17________________________ 284 335 ]6 4,500 18_______________---_-- 424 502 19 13.400 19-------------------- --- 260 337 11 8,000 20____-'----------------- 245 235 I1 7,500 21________________•---_-- 850 690 31 15,000 22._---___-------__-'__-_ 428 - 423 27 7.500 23°_-_----_-_-_'------_-- 824 618 ]8 11,000 24______'--__°_--------- 424 265 11 5,000 25______°---------------- 926 1,437 15 30.000 2s--------------------_-- 7az s os io ~ 27-------------------'- 13.717 ,z.s9 a oo ;o X28_____°--_-----_---- 4.100 i22b b5 Z00, 000 29_. ---'---------------- 189 1 9b4 13 34.000 30________________------ 1,802 ~ 1.799 26 ! 38,000 30-A------------------- 585 ~ 518 13 17,000 31________________________ 4,187 ~ 1,113 lOB 19,500 Minga velocity test 1 _ _ _ _ 315 365 6 11, 200 ~ 72 octane. s Simpson core test 28 also ased 25 sllons of 91101ubrlcattng oil, 80 gallons of 9500 oll, 75 pounds of grease, and 35 pounds of thread lubricant. are not available for core tests 1-12. Table 14 does not include any material used for heating the buildings, or other uses. Some minor quantities of lubricants, such as about 10 pounds of grease used in the first few wells, are not shown in the table, which is limited to items used throughout the drilling operations. The CardweII rig with which Simpson core test 28 was drilled was unitized into two portable sections. The derrick-drawworks section was mounted on three sled- type runners. When set up at the test site, four pre- fabricated pedestals were installed under the four corners to lessen vibration. The four pedestals were set upon timber mats laid $ush with the surface of the tundra. The cellar was walled with 3- by 12=inch tim- bers. The pump section, which was mounted on Athey tracks, was supported by timber mats under the tracks. NOTES FROM DRILLING RECORDl3 Simpson core test 1 DRILLING OPERATIONS FOIINDATIONS Although it was difficult to travel over the tundra in the Simpson area in the summer because of the thawing permafrost, drilling conditions were good with an abundant water supply, level ground, and hard frozen foundation for the rig below the top 1-foot thawed zone. The author is not certain what type of rig foundation was used in drilling the first 12 core holes, but it prob- ably was similar to that of the later holes in which the rig was skidded up on 12- by 12-inch timbers with a D-8 tractor using overwind on the winch. When con- ductor pipe was used, 24 inches of block was necessary; without it, 12 inches was sufficient. The pump house was placed on either 12- by 12-inch or 3- by 12-inch timbers, depending on the condition of the ground (fig. 57). The rest of the camp buildings were placed on scrap lumber to prevent their freezing in. Minga velocity test 1 was set up on lake ice. (The Pollowing brief notes on the drilling operations a2re recorded by the Navy and by Arctic Contractors} DepeA (Jett) Remarks 35 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Set 36 ft 7 in. of 4~ja-in. outer diameter (3~-in. inner diameter, 534-in. outer diameter coupling) casing, the last 19 in. being driven into soft clay with the hydraulic on the rig. Packer screwed on for reverse circulation_ 43 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Casing seal broke loose permitting circulation outside of casing. The reverse-circulation method of coring would not work, so 2-ft section of casing was added and pressed in with the hydraulic to 3& ft. Casing seal broke again at 49 ft and at 55 ft. 67 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Casing run to 67 ft partly by pressing in with the hydraulic machine. 71 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Seal broke. Pulled easing. Difficult to keep hole reamed because of fine sand settling back in hole. 96_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ran casing but pulled again. Reran casing, Repulled casing. 116_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ran casing, spudding it through sand and gravel Could not retain seal. Constant running in and out of hole dept agitating formations and caused much caving. Hole abandoned. Frouaa 57.-Portable enclosed Falling drill rig and pump house at the stte of Simpson core test 17. 720 Depth (led) 76---------- 226_______-- EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERV~. 4, ALASAA, 1844-53 Slmpeoa core teat 2 Remarks Set 4'~i-in. outer diameter casing (3%-in. inner diameter, 5)a-in. outer diameter coupling), last 6 ft pushed with hydraulic. Before pushing casing in place a burlap packer was wire wrapped around casing below a coupling 7 ft down from top of casing. Packer outer di- ameter, 7 in. Packer soaked with water and aIIowed to freeze. Hooked up for reverse circulation. Drill rods froze in hole, circulation ceased. Backed off at 37 ft and went in with a new drill string along side of stuck string to bottom, hoping to free fish by circulation. Went in with overshot but was unable to free fish. Hole abandoned. Simpson core feet 8 Depth (fed) Rentarka This hole was spudded in on July 27 and it was not until August 1 that ice began to give trouble. Core test 8 was abandoned at 580 ft due to hazardous drilling conditions. Simpson Dore tee 9 Ice formed so badly in the hole that the mud pit and drrlh'ng mud became largely flaked ice. After cutting core 17 from 310 to 320 ft it was found that the bottom five joints and core barrel were filled with solid ice. Circulation was practically shut off by ice and the hole was abandoned. This hole had more trouble with icing than any one drilled up to that point. Slmpaon core test i 67 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Set 41/z-in. outer diameter casing (3~in. inner diameter, 5~ja-in. outer diameter coupling), placing two wire-wrapped packers at the top. Seal did not hold. No cement was available for cementing the casing. 368 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Was necessary to ream ice from hole constantly. Ice shavings would clog pump. Bit and three joints (which were external flush) slipped through the slips and down the hole. 33;-in. overshot would not pass through lee-encrusted hole, Reamed and finally reached fish with overshot but were unable to recover. Casing circulated loose and hole abandoned. Simpson core feet 4 61 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Set 4'~i-in. outer diameter (3 ~-in. inner diameter, 53a-in. outer diameter couplings) casing. Two runs made before casing would go to bottom. 151 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Casing gulled and hole abandoned. Simpson core teat b No casing was set. No unusual conditions were reported by the driller. 3lmpeon core test 6 No casing was set. Core hole 6 was abandoned from fear of a, possible blowout from the oil zone found. Some gas was seen in the mud returns. No well-control equipment was avail- able. 3lmpeon core feet T Coring time increased with depth. Point was reached where upper part of hole iced in above the bit before bottom of hole could be reamed. Several times it was necessary to rotate out of hole. By the time the bit was rotated out, the hole below had refrozen. Ice shavings clogged the pump. Worst freezing seemed to be between 12 and 160 ft. Hole was abandoned at 532 ft as it became too dangerous to try to pull through the tight place formed by an ice bridge at 332 ft. Simpson Dore feet 10 The hole was virtually ice free to a depth of 400 ft and drilling conditions were excellent. As coring continued ice began showing in the drilling mud and the hole was abandoned at 500 ft when further work seemed unduly hazardous. 3lmpeon rnre tee 11 Ice was not found much lower than 50 ft. It was reamed once and ceased to give further trouble. Simpwn Dore feet 12 Ice was a serious problem right from the surface in the drilling. Ice formed in considerable quantities in the drilling mud throughout the operations. The hole was abandoned at 460 ft because of icing. 9lmpeoa core test 18 20 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cemented 25 ft., 8 in. of 834 in. casing with two sacks of Portland cement. 563_ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ Ice in well to this depth necessitated frequent reaming. Mud was heated to prevent forma- tion of ice on the walls of the hole. 824_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Continued to heat mud. 1,188________ Continued to heat mud. 1;212___ _ _ _ _ _ Lost circulation, shut down 73~z hr waiting for mud materiels. 1,307________ Lost circulation again, mixed mud of high viscosity. 1,438________ Total depth. Hole left full of rotary mud. Thermistor cables were installed to depths of 500 and 1,438 ft. Top of 8g8 in. casing is 6 in. above ground level. Simpson core tee 14 20 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cemented 8 % in. casing with two sacks of Port- land cement. 36 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Mud returned to surface between casing and ground. Recemented with 2 sacks of cement and 30 gunny sacks. Did not plug leak. Pulled the 83x in. casing and reran to 32 ft using eight sacks of Portland cement. CORE TESTS, SIII~SON AREA, ALAS Simpson Bore test 14-Conlinned Depth (fact) Retnarka 1,195________ Dropped slip in hole. Sidetracked successfully. 1,270________ Bit hit lost slip while reaming at 1,082 ft. Drove to 1,214 ft. Unable to recover fish. Hole abandoned. Hole was left open and full of rotary mud. Top of casing is at ground level. Simpson Dore test 14A No casing set. Completed at 290 ft. Uncased hole left full of rotary mud. Simpson core test 16 23_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cemented 18 ft of 85s in. outer diameter casing with 3'~ sacks of Portland cement. 900_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hole left full of rotary mud. 83a in. casing open at top and projects 8 in. above ground level. Simpson tare test 16 No casing set. 800_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Gas ignited accidentally on Aug. 31, 1949. Pumped 600 ga] water into hole but most of it blew out. Equipment moved. Melting of ice and sloughing around hole made funnel-shaped cavity 25 ft in diameter. Flame went out Sept. 2, 1949, although gas was still flowing (fig. 13). Water in hole was allowed to freeze, but the gas continued to flow. Simpson Dore feet 17 No casing est. Completed at 1,100.ft. Hole was left full of drilling mud. Simpson Dore test 18 No easing set. Completed at 1,458 ft. Hole was left full of drilling mud. Simpson core feet 19 No casing set. Completed at 1,061 ft. Hole was left filled with drilling mud. Simpson core feet 20 When moving rig to site of core test 20, the kelly jarred off its block, fell through the drain hole and was bent 70° by dragging. Cut kelly in two places with oxyacetylene, torch and removed it. Had to wait for new kelly before drilling. No casing set. Completed at 1,002 ft_ Hole was left filled with drilling mud. Stmpeon ewe test 21 No casing set. 975_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Rotary hose split. Repaired hose but could not drill because repaired hose too short. In- stalled new hose. 1,502________ Hole was left full of drilling fluid and thermistor cables were installed to depths of 650 and 1,200 ft. 723-925 p 64 8 Simpson note tee 22 Depth (fed) Rernarka 721 No casing set. 200 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cleaned ice from suction hose and pump. 903 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total depth. Hole was left filled with drilling mud. Simpson core feet 23 No casing set. i20_________ Reamed ice above 100 ft. 1,035__ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total depth. Hole left filled with drilling mud. Sitnpeon core test 24 No casing act. 108 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Low rate of mud circulation and -10 °F. Temperature and 50 mph wind caused mud pit +.o freeze solid. Drilling stopped while thawing pit with prospect boiler. 901 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total depth. Hole left filled with drilling mud. Simpeen tore test % 590_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Low rate of mud circulation while coring allowed mud to freeze on hole walls, necessitating reaming from the anrface to keep the desired hole diameter. 916_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Below 800 ft mud warmed up from 32 ° to 33 ° F., and thawed and enlarged top of hole. In- stalled surface casing to prevent further en- largement, but mud returned outside the casing. It was removed, and 8-in. pipe laid from the top of the hole to the mud ditch, which served to confine the flow. 969_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Dropped ball peen hammer in hole while removfag core bit, which stuck core barrel in hole and broke sandline while trying to get hammer out. Recovered sandline and core barrel. Spent 4~z days repairing drawworks engine. After reaming and cleaning out ice, mud froze on walls and made it difficult to get bit out of hole. 972 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Homemade junk basket did not recover hammer, which was apparently sidetracked, as it caused no difficulty and no trace of it was found. 1,510________ Total depth. Hole left filled with drilling mud. Sitnpeon core feet 26 306 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hole flowed oil which filled mud pit and covers d area around rig with about a foot of fluffy gas- cut oil. Mud in pipe was partly frozen, and fairly large ice crystals were present in the oil. Oil flow decreased as hole froze. After reaming the hole to 295 ft, heavy (95-1b) mud killed the well for an hour, but it then began to Bow again. Drilling was shut down 7 days while installing cementing equipment, and repairing rig engine. Thirty-five barrels of 106-Ib mud was pumped in but the well continued to flow some gas-cut oil. When gas and oil mixed with and lightened the mud, the flow increased. The pump could not circulate gas and oil cut mud properly, and as circulation got bad the hole started to freeze. After reaming, the hole was drilled deeper. 509 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The hole flowed oil during drilling, and 90.1b mud was pumped into it. 722 E~ RAT10N OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERV~O. 4, ALASKA, 1944-53 Simpson core test 26-Continued Depth (Jut) Remarks gg7_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The drill pipe parted at 634 ft, just below a tool joint, but the fish was recovered in 12 hr. 895 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The drill pipe twisted off at 652 ft, and the drill collar and 22 joints of pipe were not recovered in 37 hr of fishing. Ice was reamed from the surface preparatory to setting casing, but the hole continued to freeze and made it difficult to pull the tools out. After rereaming to 350 ft (water was used in all reaming operations, and oil continued to flow from the hole), 70 bbl of heavy mud was pumped in. No heavy mud returned, but the oil flow ceased. Set 33 joints of 85~e-in., 29-Ib casing at 350 ft, with 110 sacks of Cal-Seal. Two days later the space around the top of the hole was filled in with a mixture of five sacks of Cal-Seal and five sacks of cement: Oil and gas continued to contaminate new mud made with Aquagel, so the mud pit was cleaned out and more mud mixed. 913 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The hole was reamed to 895 ft and drilled to 913 ft without finding the top of the fish at 652 ft. 1,090_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Nearly 3 days were spent circulating with the bottom of the pipe near the top of the fish, without locating it or washing it loose. 1,171 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Drill pipe twisted off at 780 ft, and 4 days of fish- ing did not recover the drill collar and 36 joints of pipe. The wall hook and four joints of pipe came unscrewed and could not be recovered. The hole began to freeze, and ice was reamed from the surface to 442 ft. The following day the rig and pump house were moved from the site with some dif&culty caused by their being partly frozen in. The rig site was bulldozed flat and the rig replaced and raised 26 in. to permit clearance over well-head connections. After reaming ice from the surface to 370 ft, the hole was alternately bailed and reamed of ice, producing a little water snd a trace of oil. Perforating of casing was delayed for 2 weeks by bad weather, which prohibited air trans- portation of necessary equipment. After per- ~ forating (described in more detail on p. 716) a tubing head was installed and the well was shut in. Simpson sate feel Z7 102 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cemented 10 joints of 83e-in., 24-1b casing at 102 ft with 430 sacks of Portland cement treated with 750 lb of calcium chloride. 325 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Replaced drilling mud with 10 bbl of crude oil from Simpson core test 26 and 5 bbl of diesel fuel. Drilling $uid temperature was 28°F, and flow lines often clogged from water, mud, and paraffin in the fluid. 380_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ After a bailing test, 7 bbl of crude oil and 3 bbl of diesel fuel were added to maintain viscosity. 661 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Displaced oil in hole with water-base mud. 961 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Shut down 24 hr waiting for water; blizzard with high winds made the 20-mile round trip for water hazardous. 1,320________ Bearing in drawworks engine burned out; mud was circulated 4 days while waiting for parts and overhauling engine. Drill pipe stuck, and two front derrick legs collapsed below the 4-ft extension while attempting to free pipe. After Simpson Dore test 27-(:ontianed Depth (lest) Rtmarke 2 days spent installing a new derrick and cir- culating and working the pipe, the drilling mud was replaced with 73 bbl of crude oil z,nd 23 bbl of diesel oil and the pipe was worked free. 1,490_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total depth. The hole was left filled with drilling mud; the top of the open casing 6 in. above the ground. Slmpeon Dore feet 28 110_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Two attempts to set casing at 110 ft failed because it stuck at 90 ft each time; after reaming the hole from 17~ to 20 in., between 90 and 110 ft, four joints of 133/a-in: 54.5 lb- range 2-T and C-8-round-thread casing was set at 110 ft. The two middle joints were jacketed with 169/,-in. Western Pipe and Steel welded ~/s-in. plate casing. Cement was 100 sacks of Cal-Seal and 75 cu ft of water. 2,505___ __ _ _ _ Total depth. Installed five thermistor cables (to 196, 616, 956, 1,191, and 2,416 ft} in base plate 16 ft below kelly bushing. Simpson Dore tit 29 283 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Mud temperature, which was quite variable, was unusually high part of the time and prevented the hole from freezing up. After waiting 2 days for cement and reaming the hole, 8%s-in. 28-1b casing was set at 152 ft with 50 sacks of Cal- Seal. 503 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Core barrel with lifting plug on top dropped in hole to 212 ft and was recovered after 2~ days of fishing. 700_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ While waiting for electric logging engineer, hole froze and had to be reamed open. After pulling the casing out, two thermistor cables were installed, to 250 and 700 ft, and the hole left filled with drilling mud. 3impeon core test 30 283 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ After waiting 6 days for cement, the hole was reamed free of ice and Stein. 28-Ib casing was set at 150 ft with 63 sacks of Cal-Seal. The hole was bailed to the bottom of the casing to prevent freezing, while the cement set. . 429 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ice formed in the hole and had to be reamed out several times. Spent 2'/z days freeing drill pipe stuck at 80 ft because of a loose double, jammed between driA collar and teeing. 630_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ice continued to make the hole tight, in spite of intermittent heating of the mud. 693 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Twisted off drill pipe at 300 ft, leaving core barrel and drill pipe in hole. Fished 2 days, circu- lated mud 6'/2 days waiting for tools from Barrow camp. Set plug of six sacks of Cal- Seal at 285-315 ft and drilled past fish, but the bit followed the old hole and would not drill past the fish at 388 ft. Mixed 12 sacks of Cal- Seal but cement flash-set in mixing tank and pump. Spent 6 days circulating, while clean- ing and repairing pumps. Attempts to whip- stock were unsuccessful because the bit hit the fish, and the hole was abandoned. Open casing projects 6 in. above ground level, and the hole is filled with drilling mud. i ~ CORE TESTS, SIl~SON AREA, ALASgA Simpson core teal 30-A DeptA (Jed} Remarks 423 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Gas blew most of the drilling fluid out of the hole. After reaming, 100 ft of 8~-in. 28-1b casing was set at 100 ft with 25 sacks of Portland cement treated with 5 percent calcium chloride. 701_________ Ice necessitated reaming. Hole was abandoned after making electric log. Simpson core fed 31 101 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Set 8~a-in. casing at 101 ft with 26 saclzs Cal-Seal 186 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Spent 4 days overhauling rig. 355 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Well started flowing oil while coring at 355 ft, and after flowing 18 hr well was shut in to prepare for production test. Minga relodty feet 1 27 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Set two 15-ft joints of 8~s-in. casing through 4~ ft of ice and 2 ft of water, with four sacks of construction cement. 89.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Lost circulation but regained it with Aquagel- Fibertex mud. 1,233________ Total depth. Hole abandoned and site cleared of large pieces of metal and wood to prevent fouling floats of seaplanes during the summer.. Top of casing was 5 ft below ice with rubber hose extension to house thermistor cable terminals. After the ice went out, the hose was missing and had probably been pulled away by the ice. CORE AIQD DRILL BITE Core tests 1 through 12 were drilled with fish tail bits 37/s, 4;~, or 5~ inches in diameter (except for the first 150 ft of core test 7, which was reamed with a 7~in. bit). Coring was done with 3-inch bits and conven- tional core barrels. Footage drilled in 1949 (core tests 13 through 24) totalled 13,661. feet, of which 2,103 feet was cored. Coring was done with Reed hard-formation bits and 24 Reed soft-formation bits, which have a diameter of 5% inches. Core recovery was 87.6 percent for the hard-formation bits, which did slightly less than half of the coring and 76.3 percent for the others. In 1950 and 1951, 2,679 feet of cores were taken by the same bit types but using a much larger proprotion of hard- ' formation bits, (24 of them, which did nearly 95 per- cent of the coring, and 7soft-formation bits) which-, resulted in greater core recovery, an average of 85.6 percent of the rock. Thirty-one 57/3-inch Reed T drill bits and a few bits of other types ranging in size from 5,8 to 10;'s inches were used in 1949. In 1950 and 1951, sixteen 63/s-inch I, Hughes OSQ-2 bits did most of the drilling, and the other 16 bits used, which were of various types and sizes (from 12'~ to 5 a in. in diameter} made only a quarter of the 7,863 feet drilled. Both core and drill bits reamed a great deal of ice from the holes, 3,676 feet of it in core tests 13-24 alone. Eight bits, ranging from the 20-inch Security hole 723 opener to four 9i~-inch Security OB-1 bits, were used in Simpson core test 28. The 107 feet of cores from the test were taken with two 7,s-inch Reed wire-line hard-formation core. bits, which recovered 84.1 percent of the rock. Four feet was recovered from one addi- tional 6-foot core, which was taken with a conventional 6}4'-inch Reed bit. Core and drill bits used in the tests are shown in de- tail in the graphic logs, plates 1-3. DRILLING MIID Except for core test 1, all the holes made good mud naturally, and very little material had to be added. Baroid was used in core test 1, and in core tests 13 and 14, tundra moss and Aquagel were mixed in to regain circulation. In core test 26, heavy Baroid-Aquagel mud was tried, unsuccessfully, in an attempt to stop the flow of oil. Oil was used as drilling fluid from 327 to 641 feet in core test 27, to prevent sealing off any possible oil-producing beds, but no oil was produced. Particles of ice in the mud, particularly in the mud pit, caused trouble in most of the first 12 holes. Parti- cles too fine to strain out clogged the pumps. In drill- ing the later wells, steam was intermittently injected into mud pits to prevent freezing. Table 15 gives details of mud properties of core tests 13 through 31, and Minga velocity test. TABLE 15 -Drilling-mud characteristics in Simpson core tests 1 ~ through 31 and Minga velocity test 1 Care test Depth (feet) weight (lb per ct1 tt) Viscos- ity (sec API} Tem- pera- lure (°F) remarks and additives 13___--- 20-84 __°_--_ _-°--_ __----- 33§sacksAquegeL 84-201 71 39 201-b83 71-78 38-4b 33-4b Heated to prevent ice forming; added slight amount Stabtlite-8. 563-824 76-79 36-48 32-44 Heated. 824-1, 036 75-79 a9-4b 32-43 Made new mud with 6 sacks Aquagel. 1,036-1,188 78-83 41-48 83-40 Temperature mostly 34°; added b Ib Stabllite-8; used 3 sacks Aqua- gel in new mud. 1.188-1,307 82-70 54-40 40-34 Lost circulation twice; 32 sacks Aquagel, 27 Ib $tabilite-8, 7 cu yd local clay, tundra moss added to regain circulation. 1, 307-1, 436 73-76 47-54 40-42 S lb 6tabilite-8. 14______ 0-143 71 34-36 34-36 1 sack Aquagel. 343-615 '74-84 3P-46 3&-45 1 sack Aquagel, 13 sacks Barold, 31 Ib 8tabilite-8. Heated mud 134 hr. Blb-1, 218 81-84 43-50 35-40 2 sacks Aquagel, 241b Stabilite-8. 1, 218-1, 270 70-85 35-50 32-40 Lost circulation, regained it with 18 sacks Aquagel, 3 cn yd clay, tundra moss. 19-A.__ 0-290 75-78 41-47 a2-39 15______ 0-718 ________ ________ ________ 3 sac3cs Aquagel, 50 lb Stabilite-8. 718-900 75-77 40-98 54-35 61b 3tabilite-8. 16______ 0-733 74-78 38-41 33-37 14Ib Stabillte-8. 73a-800 74-76 38-41 33-37 17______ 0-659 71-79 37-41 33-35 143b Stabilite-8. 659-1,101/ 76-79 41-44 34-36 251b 9tabilite-a. 18_.____ D-360 360-1, 224 71-72 74-81 36-44 38-43 34-35 35-39 5 sacks Aquagel, 25 lb Stab111te-8. 771b Stabilite-B, lO lb tetrasodium pyrophosphate. 1,224-1,458 72-80 42-44 38-39 19______ 0-572 70-78 39-44 36-38 101b Stabilite-8. 572-7,061 78-80 40-47 38 20______ 0-862 70-82 36-48 32-37 291b Stabilite-8. 862-1,002 82 41-42 37-39 lOlb 8tabilite-S. 21______ 0-562 70-75 38-40 32-35 682-1, 270 78-80 38-42 32 51b tetrasodium pyrophosphate. 1,270-1,502 80-82 4x-49 a2-34 22______ 0-320 72-74 41-42 32 5lbtetrasodiumpyrophasphate. 320-90.3 75-81 41-45 33-35 271b tetrasodium pyrophosphate. 'Zt~ EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE N'O. 4, ALASgA, 1944-53 7 TABLE 15.-Drilling-mud characteristics in Simpson core tests 1~ through ~1 and Minga velocity test 1-Continued Cora test Depth (feet) weight (lb per cu ft) Vireos- ity (sea API) Tem- pars- ~ F Remarks and additives _ 23 0-718 88-7fi 341 32 1 sack Aquagel, 8 lb tetrasodium _____ pyrophosphate. 718-1,035 75-77 42-43 33-34 24._____ p-901 84-83 34-46 32-34 81b Stabllite-8. ~5 _ -- 0-802 70-80 39-80 32 __ _ 802-916 70-79 39-45 323 Temp 32° above 800 ft, 33° below 800 tt. 916-989 70-72 37-40 33 969-1,097 69-74 34-38 32 1 seek Aquagel. 1,097-1,360 73-79 37-46 . 32-40 1, 380-1.510 72--78 34-98 40-43 2g______ 0-306 88-9b 33-75 32-40 Mudtro+e in hole; 88saeksBaroid, 11 sacks Aquagel, 50 lb tetra- sodium pyrophosphate. 306 105 45 38 New heavy mud o[ 8 sacks Aqus- gel, 122 sects Baroid. 306-gg0 ________ ________ ________ Used water for drilling mud, but put in 941b 46 Marsh funnel sec- ond mud to kill well before run- ning electric log: well not killed. 880-895 ________ ________ ________ Used water for drilling; used 306-1D 50-Marsh funnel second 34° R mud when cementing casing. Used 203 sacks Baroid, 15 sacks Aquagel. 896-9I3 89-78 36-55 32-39 50 sacks Baroid 1n killing well; 15 sacks Aquagel in drilling. 913-1,172 89-79 36-94 349 1,171 _______ ________ ________ Put 500 bbl salt water, 74 bbl fresh water in hole to displace mud from 350 to 650 ft. Used water [or reaming, and returns con- sisted of ice chips. L7______ 0-115 ________ ________ ________ Temperature kept above freezing by putting steam in mud tanks. 115-380 65-77 : 37-60 32-42 10 bbl crude oil, 5 bbl diesel fuel, used as drilllng fluid below 325 ft. 380-641 --_--_-- __---- -------- Oil used as drilling Ruid. 641-981 __ __ ---- __ _ ----- __ ____ -- Oil displaced with drilling mud. 981-1,320 68-71 45-48 37-42 1,320-1,385 __ ________ 8 sacks Aquagel added to clean out sand from hole. Mud displaced by 73 bbl crude oll and 23 bbl diesel to tree stuck drill pipe. 1,386-1,500 ________ ________ ________ Oit was replaced by mud again gradually, bnt some ol] remained in hole on completion. ZB__.___ 515 75 35 ________ 687 71 32 90 917 71 38 42 7.8 cc per 30 min filtration loss. 1,088 71 34 42 7.5 cc per 30 min filtration loss. 1,125 72 34 42 1,250 72 34 94 1.283 73 37 M 1, 382 T3 34 44 7 ce per 30 min filtration loss. ], 490 75 34 46 7 tx per 30 min filtration loss. 1,570 78 36 46 T cc pet 30 min filtration loss. 1,805 74 3b 46 1, 704 76 3b i8 8.5 cc per 30 min filtration loss. 1, 915 74 34 46 6.b ec per 30 mfn flltratlon loss. I, 98b 76 35 45 6 ce per 30 min filtration loss. 2,030 7B 40 45 2, 212 TS 37 45 6.b ec per a0 min filtration loss. 2, 240 79 37 48 7 ce per 30 min Rltratton loss. 2, 312 79 40 48 2, 345 78 37 b0 8.b ce per 30 min filtration loss. 2,445 78 ab 49 2, 475 7T 36 48 8.5 ec per 30 m1n Hltration loss. 2,127-2,505 ________ ________ ________ 9sacks Aquagel. L9____-- 0-283 fi6-8o 36-6b 32-43 283-303 75-79 a8-4b 30-32 400 lb salt. 303-648 70-76 38-48 32-33 848-7Q0 68-74 38-49 3Q~2 5001b salt. (0__-_-- 0-28a 69-74 39-97 32-36 283-a03 71-72 39-41 32 aoa-429 85-89 36-92 32 429830 67-68 37-45 32-38 Mud heated with prospect boiler [or !9 hr during week. 834883 87-89 40-53 37x45 Mud heated frequently. 893 857 37-3R 35-37 Mud bested with fire pots. 30-A_ _ _ 0123 66-78 38-63 32-38 800 lb salt added, to drill through oil sand, 3001b in-clear water to wash oil read; 18 sacks Barotd. Mud heated with Rre pots. 423-701 84-82 40-53 32-34 65 sacks Baroid, 18 sacks salt. 31._____ 0-186 70 35-44 40 186-3b6 ________ ________ ________ 251b tetrasodium pyrophospbate. Minga 0-76 85 40 32 2 sacks Aquagel. velocity test 1 78-1, 233 79 40 37 Lost ekcnlation at 891 ft and mtred 40 bbl new mud, using 22 socks Aquagel, 40 Ib Fibertez, 175 lb tetrasodium PyroPhosPhate, 25 lb Stabllite~8; regained circula- tion. HOLE-DEVZATIOIS RECORD All the holes except core test 28 were too shallow to need deviation surveys. In 2,505-foot core test 28, deviation as measured by a Totco (Technical Oil Tool Co.) recorder was variable but was always less than 1 ° except at 917 feet where it was 1°55'. Measurements are shown on the graphic log of the test (pl. 46) . ELECTRIC LOC}t~INfi The first electric log made in the Simpson core tests was run in core test 7, but it, as well as logs run in tests 8 and 10, was unsuccessful because of mechanical diffi- culties. A Schlumberger electric log was also made in core test 11 and is shown on the graphic log (pl. 44). No logs were attempted in the other early core tests. In Simpson core test 13, manually operated Schlum- berger equipment that had ashop-made reel and make- shift cable recorded an adequate log, but the equipment was hard to handle. It was replaced by a 'OVidco (Nell Instrument Development Co.) Logger, which was used, with few exceptions, on the other core tests. Core test 28 was logged by Schlumberger Pell Surveying Corp. ; core test 30 was abandoned because of a fishing job that prevented making an electric log; and no attempt was made to get an electric log of core test 31. Wideo equipment logs total resistance and the quality of the log is improved by having surface casing (as in tests 13- 15} or a piece of drill pipe suspended in the upper part of the hole (as in core tests 22-24). Roles 16 through 21 had no metal in the hole and have less distinctive curves than the others. vELOCrr~ svRVEY Minga velocity test 1 was drilled to check the effect of permafrost variations on seismic velocities. Average vertical velocity from the surface to 900 feet measured 6,000 fps (feet per second) in Minga velocity test, al- though atypical average velocity in frozen ground is at least 8,400 fps. The velocity survey suggests, there- fore, that an apparent seismic "low" under the lake, which has 300 feet of relief, is the result of lower veloci- ties in lake-covered. areas lacking permafrost, compared to adjacent land areas, which are frozen to a depth approximating a thousand feet. TEMPERATIIRE BIIRVEY After Simpson core test 11 was completed and the electric log made, fluid was bailed down to a bridge at 125 feet and Meade. and Northrop electrical resistance thermometers belonging to the National Bureau of CORE TESTS, Sn~iE'SON AREA, ALASKA. Standards were installed in the hole. Fifteen hours later readings were as follows: Temptr Dtpth afore (Jut) (° F) Surface-------------------------------- 34 10------------------------------------ 32 25------------------------------------ 25 50------------------------------------ 26 75------------------------------------ 25 100----------------------------------- 23 110----------------------------------- 27 120----------------------------------- 30 Twenty-four hours later one element, left in the hole at 100 feet, recorded 22° F, indicating that the hole had not returned to equilibrium at the time the first readings were taken. TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENT STUDIES By MAR ri. BREWER BIMPBON CORE TEST 13 Simpson core test 13, approximately 55 miles south- east of Barrow camp, is uncased except for about 20 feet of near~urface conductor pipe. It was left full of drilling mud and water on July 20, 1949. The first deep thermistor cables penetrating through permafrost in NPR-4 were installed the following day, about 12 hours after the completion of drilling. Two cables that had 5 t thermistors positioned at various depths between 3 and 1,430 feet were used in this installation. Read- ings were made infrequently until May 1953; no readings have been obtained since that date. The breaks in the insulation of the cables caused by the insertion of thermistors were taped rather than vulcanized. Some of the taped seals at the greater depths were breached after installation and the resulting moisture contamination made some readings of no value. These were isolated, and did not interfere with the interpretation of the thermal data from this well. Simpson core test 13 is a relatively shallow weIl and was drilled in a short time, so there was a relatively small amount of heat exchange in the surrounding rocks and a rapid return to a condition of approximate thermal equilibrium. Measurements made in April 1951 and May 1953, 2 and 4 years after drilling, showed a maximum cooling of 0.01 °-0.07°C at all depths between 70 feet (below depth of measureable seasonal change) and 490 feat (maximum depth to which the thermistors were completely free of moisture contamination). The geothermal profile for this well on May 23, 1953, which is thought to approximate the equilibrium geothermal profile, is shown as plate 50. The minimum temperature recorded below the depth of annual change was -9.87°C at 120 feet. This is within 0.1°C of the minimum temperatures measured at 725 Simpson core tests 21, 28; 29, and South Barrow test well 3, aIl within 8 miles of the Arctic coast. The depth of permafrost (temperature continuously below 0°C) at this well is 1,050 feet. Slightly erratic readings, perhaps due to moisture contamination at 632 feet and greater depths, suggest the possibility that not all the sedimentary rocks between 632 feet and 1,050 feet are frozen even though classed as permafrost by definition. Indications of unfrozen zones despite subfreezing temperatures have also been found within the permafrost near Barrow and at Umiat. The inverse geothermal gradient at Simpson core test 13 is approximately 85 feet per degree centigrade from 200 to 632 feet and 95 feet per degree centigrade from 632 to 1,232 feet. These gradients are of the same order of magnitude as those found in other areas of Cape Simpson and near the coast at Barrow, which are influenced by the Arctic Ocean but are somewhat lower than the inverse geothermal gradients found in other permafrost areas in Alaska such as inland from Barrow and at Umiat. BIMPBON CORE TEST 21 Simpson core test 21, approximately 55 miles south- east of Barrow Camp, is uncased except for a short sec- tion of surface pipe and was left full of drilling mud and water on October 27, 1949. Two cables, the longest reaching to a depth of 1,200 feet, were installed after the drilling and electric-logging operations were com- pleted. Temperature measurements were made at irregular intervals until May 1953. Leakage into, and the subsequent contamination of, the bottom thermistors by moisture became apparent after the cables had been in place for approximately a month, so it was impossible to determine the exact depth of the "defined bottom" of permafrost (0°C isotherm). A short extrapolation of the curve from depths un- affected by moisture contamination of the thermistors (0-650 ft) indicates, however, that the depth of perma- frost is approximately 820 feet at this site. This ex- trapolation seems justified because of the similarity in shape of the thermal profiles to those in other wells in this area and other parts of NPR-4. Measurements before thermal equilibrium was approximated, except at the deeper positions in this 1,500-foot well, also indi- cate that the extrapolation of the curve from 650 feet to and deeper than 820 feet is justified. The contamination of the thermistors in the lower cable indicates that the ground may be actually frozen only to a depth of approximately 650 feet. Otherwise the thermistors in the upper cables might also show the effects of contamination. Because Simpson core test 21 is a relatively shallow well and was drilled in a short time, there was a relative- • 726 EXPLORATION OF I3AVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE-NO. 4, ALASXA, 1944-53 ly small amount of heat exchange and the surrounding sedimentary rocks could rapidly return to a condition of approximate thermal equilibrium. Measurements made in April 1951 and May 1953, 1;~ and 3~ years after drilling, showed an average cooling of less than 0.05°C at depths between 70 feet (below depth of measurable seasonal change) and 650 feet (maximum depth at which the thermistors were free of moisture contamination). The geothermal profile for 0-650 feet on May 22, 1953, combined with data for 700-1,200 feet on April 9, 1951, is thought to approximate the equilibrium profile, (pl. 50). The minimum temperature recorded below the depth of annual change was - 9.90 °C at I00 feet. This is within 0.1 °C of the minimum temperatures measured at Simpson core tests 13, 28, 29 and South Barrow test weIl 3, all of which are within 8 miles of the Arctic coast. The depth of permafrost (temperature continuously below 0°C) at this weIl site is approximately 820 feet. The most probable explanation of the unusually thin layer of permafrost in this area is that the temperatures at depth are being influenced by nearby bodies of water. The most important of these are two lakes: one, 0.4 of a mile by 1.0 mile, within 1,000 feet of the well, and the second, about 2,500 feet in diameter, within about 1,700 feet of the well. The inverse geothermal gradient at Simpson core test 21 is approximately 70 feet per degree centigrade from 200 to 1,200 feet. There is some indication that this inverse gradient decreases slightly with increasing depth. These gradients are lower than those found in other area of Cape Simpson and in other permafrost areas in Alaska such as Barrow and Umiat. The low inverse geothermal gradient, however, can be attributed to the influence of the nearby lakes. SIMPSON CORE TEST 28 Simpson core test 28, approximately 55 miles south- east of Barrow Camp, is uncased except for 110 feet of surface casing. It was drilled to a total depth of 2,505 feet in 14 days after setting the surface casing and was left full of light-weight natural mud on September 21, 1950. Five heavy-duty thermal cables containing a total of 85 thermistors positioned at depths from 5 to 2,398 feet were installed the following morning. Read- ings were obtained at irregular intervals until D2ay 1953. A relatively small amount of heat was exchanged in surrounding rocks, even though the temperature of the rocks immediately surrounding the well was increased as much as 15°-20°C in the upper part of the hole. The departure from the original equilibrium tempera- ture was smaller at greater depths except possibly near the bottom of the hole. The geothermal profile for this well on May 22, 1953, 32 months after the com- pletion of dril]ing, is shown as plate 50. All available evidence suggests that this profile closely approximates the equilibrium geothermal profile for the well. The minimum temperature recorded below the depth of annual change was -9.84°C at 90 feet. This is within 0.1 °C of the minimum temperatures measured at Simpson core tests 13, 21, 29 and South Barrow test well 3, all within 8 miles of the Arctic coast. The depths at which the minimum temperatures occur at these wells cannot be correlated as closely as the temperatures, because the temperature gradient is very slight from 60 to 140 feet, and it is difficult to assign an exact depth to the point at which the minimum temperature occurs.. This is weIl illustrated on plate 50. Surface conditions may also influence the depth at which the minimum temperature is found. The depth of permafrost (temperature continuously below 0 °C) at this well is 910 feet. From the data on plate 50, an inverse geothermal gradient of 75 feet per degree is indicated. This is lower than gradients in other parts of the Cape Simpson area and in other permafrost areas in .Alaska such as Barrow and Umiat. The low inverse gradient, how- ever, is to be expected because the ocean, 3,160 feet to the east, influences the temperatures at depth. There is some indication that the inverse gradient decreases slightly with depth. SZMPSON CORE TEST 29 Simpson core test 29, approximately 55 miles. south- east of Barrow Camp, was drilled to a depth of 700 feet. It is cased to 150 feet and uncased below that depth and was left full of brine and mud on November 26, 1950, 4 weeks after the beginning of drilling opera- tions. Two cables, the longest reaching to a depth of 690 feet, were installed after the drilling and electric- logging operations were completed. Readings were obtained at irregular intervals until May 1953. This well did not reach the bottom of permafrost. It was drilled in a very short time to a shallow depth and hence allowed only a relatively small amount of heat exchange in the surrounding rocks and a rapid return to a condition of approximate equilibrium. Temperatures in the well dropped below freezing throughout its entire depth in less than 48 hours after circulation had been stopped. Measurements made in April 1951 and May 1953, 4j~ months and 30 months after drilling, showed an average cooling of less than 0.19°C at depths between 70 feet (below depth of measurable seasonal change) and 690 feet. The geothermal profile in this well on May 22, 1953, (pl. 50) is thought to approximate the equilibrium geothermal profile. CORE TESTS, SIMPSON AREA, ALAS Return drilling-mud temperatures 6 °-11 °F higher than would normally have been expected for this area were reported at Simpson 29. The thermal data show no heat source in the earth for these high mud temperatures. The local offset in the geothermal profile below 615 feet, which indicates a formation having a relatively higher thermal conductivity than the overlying ma- terial, can be correlated very closely with the high resistivity zone, shown on the electric log of the hole, which was logged as predominantly sandstone. The minimum temperature recorded below the depth of annual change was -9.82°C at 90 feet. This is within 0.1 °C of the minimum temperatures measured at Simpson core tests 13, 21, 28, and South Barrow 3. An extrapolation of the goethermal profile (pl. 50) to its intersection with the 0°C isotherm, indicates a depth of permafrost of approximately 950 feet. The inverse geothermal gradient at Simpson core test 29 is approximately 85 feet per degree centigrade from 200 to 690 feet, if the Local offset at 615 feet is ignored. This is the same inverse gradient as that found over a similar range depth at Simpson core test 13. These gradients are the same order of magnitude as those in other parts of Cape Simpson and near the coast at Barrow but are somewhat lower than the inverse geothermal gradients in other permafrost areas in Alaska such as inland from Barrow and at Umiat. LITERATURE CITED 72? Brewer, M. C., 1958, Some results of geothermal investigations of permafrost in northern Alaska: Am. Geophys. Union Trans., v. 39, p. 19-26. Cobban, W. A., and Gryc, George, 1961; Ammonites from the Seabee formation (Cretaceous) of northern Alaska: Jour. Paleontology, v. 35, p. 176-190. Collins, F. R., 1958, Test wells, Umiat area, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 305-B, p. 71-206. Goddard, E. N., ehm., and others, 1948, Rock-color chart: Washington, D.C., Natl. Research Council, reprinted by Geol. Soc. America, 1951. Jones, D. L. and Gryc, George, 1960, Upper Cretaceous pelecy- pods of the Genus Inocera~nus from northern Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 334-E, p. 149-163. McKinney, C. M., Garton, E. L., and Schwartz, F. G., 1959, Analyses of some crude oils from Alaska: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 5447, 29 p. Morris, R. A., and Lathram, E. H., 1951, Heavy mineral studies, in Payne, T. G., and others, 1951, Geology of the Arctic Slope of Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Oil and Gas Inv. Map OM-126, Sheet 3. Robinson, F. M., 1959x, Test wells in the Titaluk and Knifeblade areas, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 305-G, p. 377-422. Robinson, F. M., 1959b, Test wells, Simpson area, Alaska: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 305-J, p. 523-568. Tappan, Elelen, 1860, Cretaceous biostratigraphy of northern Alaska: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 44, p. 273-297. I ~~: INDEX [Italic page numbers indicate major references] • A Page Page Acknow]edgments-------------------------------------------------- ---------- B51 Permafrost--------------_----------------------------------------- 850, 719, 724,72b Ammonites------------------°----------------°------------------- --- ----- 651 Personnel and housing------------------------------------------------------ 718 Porosity and Permeability-------------°__------__-_------_-__----_---------- 711' B Porlhew (Hypaodon)-------------------------------------------------------- ~ Bentonite-Inocdamua wne---------------------------°------------ ---------- 65S Boriaaiakoceraa sP--------------------°---°----'-------°--------- ---------_ 658 Q Quaternary deposits---------------'----------------------------------------- 65t C Colville GrouP----°--------------------------------------------- -------- ~•~ R Core analyees-----------------------------------•------------------ ---------- 71t Radfolsria------'---------------------------------------------------------- 854 Core analyses of Simpson core tests 13, 14, and 18- ------------------ ---------- 71S Reflection aeismogragh groflles_ ____________-_-_----_---------------------- 650 Cote and drill bits-------------------------------------------------- ---------- 7tJ Cores and cuttings, description------------------------------------- --------- 665 $ Cretaceous rocks-------°-----°------------------------------------ --------_ B5S BeabegandNinulukFormatioas,undffiereatiated______________________ 650,652,714 6eabee Formation--------------------------------------------- 650.852,6&5.654,714 D Beep 2--------------------------------------'------------°------°----------- 647 Ditrapa sP°-----------°---^--------------------------------- ---------- 855 Sieve analysea--'---------------------------'-------------------------------- 711 Drilling mud-------° --------------°---------°------------------ --------- 7f,5 Bimpson core test 1______________________------------------------------- 850,719,723 Drilling operations-------------------- - - -------------------------- -------- i 718 llthologic descriPtions________________-__.-_------------------------------- 858 Drilling records, notes from--------------------------------------- -------- 719 notes from drilling records-----------------------------__---------_----° 719 Bimpson cure test 2_--------------------------°---------------------------- TLO E Electric logging-----° ------------°-------------------------------- ---------- 7t4 lfthologic descriptions_----°------------'-------------------°---------° notes from drilling records-------------------_--------------------------- 656 720 F Bimpson core test 3--------------°--------'-------°---------------------- 716, 720 Faults, normal------•--------------------------------------------- --------° ~ litholothc descriptions.-------°---------------------------•-----°-------- 857 Foraminifers-------° -------------------------•------------------ -------- 852,859 notes from drilling records------------------------------•---------------- ~ Formation and production tests-.---------------------------------° _-____--. 715 Bimpaon core test 3A________________________--------------------------------- 716 Faundations--------'----------------------------------------- ---------- 719 Bimpson core test 4_------------------------------°---------°-------------- 720 Fuel,lubrlcant,and water consumption---_--------------------°- ----_--_-- 719 lithologic descriPtioas°-----_--------------------------------------------- 858 notes from drilling recorda------------------------------------------------ 720 G Btmpaon core test 5--------------------------------------------------°----- 720 Gas and oil analyses_•------------------------------------ -------- --------° 716 lfthologic descriptions---------°---------------------------------'---° 656 Gastropods_ ________________________________°-°------------------ ---------- 652 notes from drilling records----°----- ------------------------------------- 720 Grandstand Formation_------------------------------------------- 850,852,854,714 Simpson core test 8-°------------------°----------°--------°-°---------- ?20 Gravity s~uveys---------------------------°------------------- ---------- 650 llthologic descriptions-_---_°°°--------°----------------°------------ 859 Gubik Formatton--_--------------------------------------__----° ---_-- 65t,713 notes from drilling records------°-----------------------------°------- 720 g oil and gas shows----------------------------------------------------°--- 714 Heavy minerals------------------------°-------------------------- -------- 652, 71) $lmpson core test 7----------------------------------------°------°--- 720,724 Aole-deviation record----------------------------------°-----_--- ---------_ 7L4 lithologic deserlptions----_-----'------------------------------------------ 869 notestrom drilling records------------------------------------------------ 720 I Simpson core Leat 8-------------- - - - - - ----- ------------ ---------- ---------- - - ~ IchtM1yodedua-----------------------------------_------------------_ -°-----_- 859 formation and production tests------_°----- ----°------------ ---•------- 715 Inoceramua fra gments---------- -------------------------°---- ---------- 86b 13thologic descriptions----------•-------------------- -- -------------------- 861 Inocerarnua labiatus-_--_--------------------------__---_-------- --------- 853 notes from drilling records__________- Introdnction-------------------------------------------------------- --°-----• 646 otl and gas shows----------------------------------------°--------'---- 714 i, Bimpaon core test 9---------------------------------------------------------- 720 Logistics---- ---------------------- -------------------------------- ---------- 718 lithologlc descriptions-----------------------------------°-------°----- ~ notesirom drilling records-----------------------°----------------------- Tq oll and.gas shows--------------'----------------------------------°----- 714 Minerals, heavy-----'---------------------------------------------- -- - ---- 652,71) Simpson core test 10-- ------------------------------------------------------- ~ Minga velocity test 1----------------------------------------------- 718,718,723,724 litbologic descriptions--------------------------------------------------. 683 lithologic descriptions--------------------------_--_-_--_---_-- -_-__--- 711 notes fmm drilling records_°_------------------------------------------ 720 notes from drilling records-------------------------------------- ---------- 723 oll and gas sbows-----------------------------•--------------------------- 714 - SimPaon core test L1--------------------°------------------------------- 720, 724 N ]ithologic descriptions---_----- ---------------°-----_ 885 notes Irom drilling records----------------------------------------------- '720 Nanushnk Gronp--------------------------- __----_ 650, BAS, 654 --------------------- Simpson core test 12_______________------------------------------------------ Ninuluk and Seabee Formations, undifferentiated---__°--------------- 6&5,713,714 llthologic desedPtions--------------•--------------------------------~----- 867 O notes from drilling records------------------------------------------------ 7~ Oil and gas---------..------------------------------ -----------------_----- 714 Simpson core test IS______-__-------------------------'----- 846.712, 718,720.724,727 Oil and gas shows-- ------------------------------------------------------ 714 core analyses---------------------------•--------------------------°----- 713 Oi] seeps an Arctic coast of Alaska---------------------------------- -----_ 845 drilling mud-----------------°--------'---------------------------'--°- ~ Ostracodes -------------------------------------------------------- ---------- 852 lithologic descriptions_----------------------------------_--------°----- 888 - notes from drilling records-____-__-------------------°------------°---- 720 P oil and gas shows------------°---------°---------°------------------- 714 Pelecypods----°---°_°------°----__---_-_°-----------------°----_-_--- 651,652 temperature-measurement studies-_-------------------------------------- 725 729 730 • IlVDEX • Paga Simpson core test 14________________________----___-----__----___---__- 648,712 720 core snalYses----'-------------`-- ----------_---------------------------- 713 drilling mud-------------------------------------------------------------- ~ gas and oil analYSes---------------------------------------------- ---_--- 718 dthotoBiedescrtptions_____ ___________----------_°-_----_--__-°___ 674 notes from drilling records-----------------------_-------_---_----- 72p oil and gas shows------------------------------------------------------- 714 Simpson core test 14A________________________-_____-°-------_--__---------- 721 drilling mud-------------------°---------------°------------------------ ~ litho]oBie descriptlons----------------------------------------°---_--__--_ 877 notes fmm drilling records---------------°-_--------------_----_--_--__-- 721 Simpson core test 15___________________________°-___--__-°__---_°------- 648, 721 drilling mud-------------------------------------------------------------- ~ lithologic descriptions---- ----------------------------------------------- 878 notes from drillin8 records_______________________________°---_-____--__- 721 oi] and gas shows-----------------°-----------°----°------------------- 714 Simpson core test l6--------------------------------___-_--_-_ 648,712713,725,721 core analyses-----^-----------------------°----------------------------- 713 drilling mud-----°--------------------------^------°------------------- 723 formation and production tests-----------------------^__---_--_----__---_ 715 lithologic descriptions--_------°----------------'-_---_------_-_------_--- 679 notes from drtllinB recrnds----_----°___________________________°__----._ 72] oll end gas shows-_--------°-------^-°------------°---------°-_-°-_ 714 Simpson wre test 17______________________________________________°-------- 648,721 drilling mud---°------------------------------------°------------------- 728 lithologic descriptions---------------------------------------------_----- 680 notes from drilling records________________________________________________ 721 oiI and gas shows---__--____-_°-°_______________°___-_--____-_-_-_°_ 714 SimPSOncore.testl6-____---_-_'---------------------°-_°--_-_--°__----__._ 721 drilling mud------------------------------------------'--------°-------__ 723 1lthologic deactiptions_----------------------'_-----_-_---_--__--_----_-- 681 notes from drllling records--°-----°------------------------------------- 721 Simpson core test 19--------------------'------°---------------------------- 721 drilling mud------------------------------------------------------------ 723 lithologic descriptions_°---_-_----------------------------------------- 881 notes fromdri]lingrecotds--'---------------------------------------^'-_ 721 Simpson core test 20-----°--------------------------------------°-°---°--- 721 drilling mud----------------------------------------°------------°----- 723 ]itLologic descriPtions--------------------------------------------------- 8ffi notes from drilling records------------------------------------------------ 721 Simpson core twt 21___________________________°-------_--_--__---____---- 721,727 drilling mud-------------------------------------------------------------- 723 IithoSogicdescrlPtions-_----------------_-___°_-__--__-°--------------- 682 notes from drilling records-----_----------------------__---------__-___ 721 temperature-measurement studies________________________________________ 725 Simpson core test 22-•-------------------------------------------------------- 721 drilling mud---------°--------------------------------------------------- ~ litLologic descriptions---- ----------------------------°_-_-----__----__- 884 notes from drllling records_______________________________------_--------- 721 Simpson core test 23-------------° --_--_------------_-----__----__-_-_---°_ 721 drilling mud------------------------------------------°--------------- 724 Iithologic descriptions__-- --------------------------------°-----------_- 885 notes from drilling records-------------------------°--_---_-----_'__-__-- 721 Simpson core test 24_______________________________----_----__---__-_----_-_ 721 drilling mud------------------------------------------------------------- ~ lithologic descriptions---------------------_--_-_-_---_-_-___---__-_-°-_ 886 notes from drilling records__________________-___--__-__-_---_-__-___--__ 721 oil and gas shows----------------------------------------------------_ 714 Simpson core test 25-------------------------------------------------- 721 drilling mud------------------------------------------_---------_-------. 724 lithologic descriptions---------------------------- ----------_--_'---__---_ 887 8lmpson core fast 2b-Continued Page notes from drilling records------------------------------------------------ 721 oll and gas shows-------------------------------°------°---------------- 714 Simpson core test 28.____----_-_--------_-__-----------_ 84&850,113,715,72 1.723 crudeoil analyses------------------------------------°---------°-°----- 718 drilling mud--------------------------------------------------'-------° 724 formation and production tests___________________________________________ 71b ]ithologic descriptions-----------------------------------_----_-^-----_-.. 894 notes fmm drlling records------------------------------------°---_---__ 722 ail and gas shows_°-----°----------------------------------°----------_ 714 Bimpsoncoretest27_____________--_--__---_--_-__---__-°------ 648,71 8,722 drilling mud------------------------- ------------ ---------------------- ~ llthologic descriPtfons---------------------------------------__----------- 896 notes from drilling records-- ---__------------------------------------° ?22 oll and gas shows_°---------------------------------------------------- 714 Bimpson core test 28________________°----__---_-_---_-----__-__ 712, 718, 722, 724, 727 drilling mnd---------------------°------_----------------------------° 724 lithologic descriptions---------------------------°---------------------- 708 notestmm drlling records---------------------_------------_---_-------- 722 teIDPecatnre-meastrement studies---------------------------------_----- 72g Simpsoncgretest28_____________---'__-_-°_____----_-____--__-----_-_ 722,729 drllling mud---------------------------------------------------------° 724 lithologie descriptions--------------------__------_------_--_------------- 702 notes from drllling records------------------------------------------------ 722 oil and eas shows-------------------------°----------------------------- 7f5 temperature-measm~ement stadies---------°---------------------------- 728 Simpson core teat 30_________________________________________________-- 718,718,722 drilling mud------------------------------------------------------------ 724 ]ithologic descriptions°_--------------------------•___----_--_-----_--- 705 notes from drilling records------------------------------------------------ 722 ofl and Bas shows----------°-----------°-------------------------- 715 81IIIP80n core test 30A----------------------°-----------°----------------- ~ drilling mud-------------------------------------------------------------- 724 lithologic descriPtions--------------------_------------_------------------ 705 notes from drilling records------------------------------------------------ 723 Simpson core test 3l__________-----_-°----------------------_ 859,716,718,723.724 credo-0il analYSis_____________________________________________°__________ 717 drilling mud------------------------------------------------------------- ~ lithologic descriptions----------------------------------------------------- 709 notes from drilling records----------------_-------°_-__---__-°-__----- 723 oil and gas shows-------------------------------------------------------- 715 Simpson oll field-------------------------------------------------------------- 850 Simpson off aeePs----------------------------------------------------------- 845.850 Stratigraphictrap----^-'---------------°--------°-------------°---------- 850 StratigraPLY___---------'--------'-----------------'--------•----------------- 66t 8trncture------------° ----°--°------------------------------------------ 850 Submarine canyons-----°---------°----------------------------------- 850 Temperature-measurement studies, 8lmpaon core test I3_____________________ 72b Simpson core test ZI-----------°-------------------------------------- ~ Simpson core test 28_____________________°_-----------__--__----__-°--- 726 Simpson core test 29--------------------°-------------------°----------- 728 Temperature gurveY----------------------------------------------------- 7Ly Transportation---•----------°-----------------°-_---_-°--------------- 718 V Vehicles and Leavy e9uiPment-_----_---------------------•_---_-_--_--__°_ 718 Velocity surveY----------------------------------------------------------- 784 Vtrncaileaoideabarealiatauna---------------------__--_--_-_-_--__-_--_____ 855 Subject: Log C~~rve Order From: "Fahiman, Bernadette" ~AHLMAN~zpetro-canada.ca> Date: Fri, 07 Apr 2006 14:47:42 -0600 To: howard ~~klanda..>,,admxin.state.ak.us ARCO ALASKA INC 50-029-22319-00-00 192-140-0 JONES ISLAND 1 05655 Open 0 15162 Schlumberger 5/17/1995 ARCO ALASKA INC 50-029-22319-00-00 192-140-0 JONES ISLAND 1 05656 Schlumberger 5/17/1995 ARCO ALASKA INC 50-029-22319-00-00 192-140-0 JONES ISLAND 1 05670 Open 103 15125 Other 5/17/1995 I would like to order the above curves when you get a chance Thanks Bernadette (Bernie} Fahlman Petro-Canada Oil & bas Northern Frontiers Exploration Team Senior Technologist P.O Box 2844 150-6th. Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 3E3 Telephone (403) 296-3595 Fax (403) 296-3524 E-mail: bfahlmanC~petro-canada.ca This email communication is intended as a private communication for the sole use of the primary addressee and those individuals listed for copies in the original message. The information contained in this email is private and confidential and If you are not an intended recipient you are hereby notified that copying, forwarding or other dissemination or distribution of this communication by any means is prohibited. If you are not specifically authorized to receive this email and if you believe that you received it in error please notify the original sender immediately. We honour similar requests relating to the privacy of email communications. Cette communication par courrier electronique est une communication privee a I'usage exclusif du destinataire principal ainsi que des personnes dont les noms figurent en copie. Les renseignements contenus dans ce courriel sont confidentiels et si vous n'etes pas le destinataire prevu, vous etes avise, par les presentes que toute reproduction, transfert ou autre forme de diffusion de Cette communication par quelque moyen que ce soit est interdite. Si vous n'etes pas specifiquement autorise a recevoir ce courriel ou si vous croyez I'avoir re~u par erreur, veuillez en aviser I'expediteur original immediatement. Nous respectons les demandes similaires qui touchent la confidentialite des communications par courrier electronique. • Simpson Core Test 26 o ~ _ - ~ f • ~~ i ®® ~ ® ~ ~ X __ 1000 m O 2000 ~ - • Explanation 6;~ Oil recovered in drill stem test Trace oil in drill stem test -~ Oil "bleeding" from core ® Stain-Good Stain-Fair ® Oil show ~ Oil show-Slight ^ Visible oil cut O Fluorescence-Bright, Cut fluor.-Strong o Fluorescence-Medium, Cut fluor.-Fair Fluorescence-Dull, Cut fluor.-Weak - Dead oil (bitumen, solid hydrocarbon) Gas recovered in drill stem test Trace gas in drill stem test Gas "bleeding" from core ® Gas show • Gas show-Slight ~ Ethane (C2) data-unavailable for this well Methane (C1)dsta-unavailable for this well Sagavanirktok Formation 'Colville Group Nanushuk Group Torok Formation ® Fortress Moutain Formation °w~~~°Hue Shale Gamma-ray zone Pebble shale unit =-~ °° Kemik Sandstone •L. Cretaceous unconformity-Kingak Shale Simpson sand (top) Simpson sand (bottom) --- --Barrow sand (top) Barrow sand (bottom) Sag River Sandstone °°Shublik Formation Fire Creek Siltstone Member of Ivishak Fm. --- -------Ledge Sandstone Member of Ivishak Fm. ~Kavik Member of Ivishak Formation -- --~° Echooka Formation °~ Lisburne Group Endicott Group Basement Total depth of well • • Natural Landmark Site Evaluation -Alaska 1979 SIMPSON SEEPS National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska CX-9000-7-0052 Steven B. Young Ph.D. Center for Northern Studies Wolcott, Vt. 05680 (802) 888-4331 SIMPSON SEEPS GENERAL BACKGROUND Evaluator: Dr. Steven B. Young, Director The Center for Northern Studies, Wolcott, Vt. 05680.(802)888-4331. Theme Sources: Dettennan R.Z. 1974. The Arctic Lowland Region Potential Landform and Lifeform Natural Landmarks. Prepared for the Nat. Park Service by the Tundra Biome Center, Univ. of Alaska. 189 pp. (p. 330-333). Collaborators: Dr. James C. Walters, Asst. Prof. of Geology, Dept. of Earth Sci., Univ. of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613. Dr. Charles H. Racine, Senior Research Assoc., Center for Northern Studies, Wolcott, Vt. 05680, Visits: LOCATION An on site visit was made to Simpson Seeps on 10 July, 1977. Helicopter landings were made at three locations within the proposal area. Alaska, North Slope Borough and National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. Located on the Arctic Ocean (Beaufort Sea) coast about 80 km southeast of Barrow, Ak. It includes all or portions of the following townships; T.18N., R.IOW., Sections 6 and 7 T.18N., R.11 W., Sections 1, 11 ,and 12 T.19N., R,IOW., Sections 19, 20, 30, and 31 T.19N., R,11W., Sections 24, 25, and 36 T.19N., R,1014., Sections 18 17, 7, and 6 T.19N., R.11 W., Sections 13, 12, and 1. T.20N., R.11 W., Section 36 Lat. and Long. Coordinates: 71~ 00' North; 154 38' West. USGS Quadrangle Reference: Teshekpuk D-3 and Barrow A 1:63,360 quadrangles SIZE Act: Approximately 10,040 acres. The Simpson Seeps area proposed here is somewhat larger than Detterman's original Simpson Seep area of 6,900 acres. • • BOUNDARIES The boundaries shown on the enclosed map are essentially the same as those proposed by Detterman in the southern half of the proposal. However the northern part has been enlarged to include an outstanding area of eroding bluffs along the Beaufort Sea Coast. Description: Beginning in the SW comer of section 11 in T. 18N., R.11 W., the proposed boundary proceeds east along the south boundary of T.18N., R.11 W. sections 11 and 12 and T. 18N., R. IOW., section 7 to the 5-foot depth contour of Smith Bay. The boundary here proceeds north along the 5-foot depth contour to a point in the Beaufort Sea approximately 0.8 mile north of the southeast corner point of T. 20N., R. 11 W., section 35. At this point in the Beaufort Sea, the boundary proceeds south along the boundary between section 35 and section 36 of T. 20N., R. 11 W. The boundary turns west at the intersection of the section 35/361ine and north boundary of section 11 (T. 18N., R.11 W.), travels the length of the north boundary of section 11 whereupon it turns south and proceeds down the west boundary of section 11 to the beginning point at the southwest corner of section 11. Ownership: National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPR A), managed by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Land Management. CORRESPONDENTS Administrative Officials: Mr. John Santora, Chief of Operations Office of National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. Bureau of Land Management Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Mr. George Gryc Division of NPRA U.S. Geological Survey 2525 ~.C„ Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 LAND USE AND INTEGRITY Over the past forty years, there has been quite a bit of activity in the Simpson Seeps area associated with petroleum exploration. However, little debris or tundra disturbance has resulted from this activity. A Dew Line site is located just outside the boundary of the landmark to the northwest and has had little or no impact on the area. • • THREATS TO THE AREA The Simpson Seeps area is considered one of the most likely areas of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska for petroleum production. Although the area was not scheduled for test drilling in 1977-78, future test and production drilling is possible. While exploration and development would pose a threat to the integrity of the site, it is doubted that the seep area itself would be destroyed. DESCRIPTION OF NATURAL VALUES The Simpson Seeps area includes tar seeps as well as a wide variety of typical Arctic coast scenery, including eroding bluffs, ice-rich soil features and patterned ground. Much of the area of the Simpson Seeps landmark is apparently underlain by thick dome shaped ridges of solidified petroleum, which seeps naturally from the ground in several locations. The more active seeps are unvegetated; the surface of the tar is unstable and flows slowly downhill, actually reaching the coast in at least one place. More stable deposits are covered by typical tundra vegetation, which seems to be remarkably aggressive in cover- ing the tar; this situation might provide important information on the ability of various tundra plant species to recolonize areas subject to oil pollution, or to resist damage from oil spills. The most important feature of the tar seeps is ,probably the fact that they appear to contain great quantities of mammal bones. Most of the bones seen during our visit were clearly those of caribou, and most appear to be of relatively recent origin. However, some bone fragments appeared to be deeply saturated with oil, and they may belong to other species. In view of the fact that the locations of the active seeps appear to change over the course of time, and that older seeps become stabilized and vegetated, there is reason to believe that some of the older deposits might contain remains of animals from earlier times. The coast of the northern part of the Simpson Seeps landmark area is an excellent example of the thawing and slumping shoreline erosion found in a number of locations along the Beaufort Sea coast, and the eroding bluffs here are probably as high as any others found in the general area. The development of ground ice is particularly impressive in this region, resulting in gently rolling raised areas. When the higher areas are undercut by the sea, the resulting cliffs are 20 feet or more high, and show exellent sections of the various ground ice features. Also found in the area are a few thaw ponds and small inlets, as well as developed surface features such as loc-centered and high- centered polygons. • • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The presence of natural oil seeps in an Arctic environment as well as coastal shoreline features make the Simpson Seeps area significant. The presence of animal bones in the tar seeps here suggests possible paleontological significance and a situation analogous to that of the famous La Brea tar pits in California. These have proven to be one of the most important sites for reconstructing the Pleistocene mammalian fauna of the area, and for which a major element of the Pleistocene mammal fauna has been named. Simpson Seeps then has the intriguing possibility of providing much insight into the past fauna of Arctic Alaska. However, there is no way this hypothesis could be tested without mounting an excavation project of considerable magnitude, one which would inevitably create disturbance to the site. In our opinion this type of research in the area would be justified, at least in terms of a pilot project, whether the site is afforded Landmark status or not. The coastal portion of the site contains excellent examples of shore erosion of ice-rich sediments, with many exposures of ice wedges. PUBLICITY SENSITIVITY This area should not be widely publicized since many visitors might remove the bones found in the oil seeps. RECOMMENDATION In our opinion this site appears to be nationally significant, and we recommend that it be designated a natural landmark. SIGNATURES Stev~r~ $ ' ,~ r ~~ ~i~~I~lillYiFIA~`iIB~ • • Natural Landmark Brief 1. Site: Simpson Seeps, North Slope Borough, Alaska 2. Description: The site which occupies approximately 11,500 acres is potentially an extremely important paleontological site. The site contains many oil seeps some of which have built tar domes 30 to 40 feet high and covering 10 to 20 acres. Oil seeps out of the ground along the permafrost cracks in many places and elsewhere has formed lakes of oil. Although no intensive surveys have been made of the site, the tar dunes are known to contain abundant bones apparently of relatively recent date. However, much of the tundra in the area of the seeps appears to be underlain by solidified, inactive tar domes. These domes may have solidified during the later Quaternary period and may very possibly have preserved the skeletons of native mammals from various times. The site also contains excellent examples of permafrost features including high-center polygons, numerous ice wedges exposed in the sea cliffs, and several oriented lakes. 3. Owner: The site is owned by the federal government and administered by the Bureau of Lane Management as part of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. 4. Proposed by: Robert L. Detterman in the Arctic Lowland Region Theme Study (geological portion). 5. Significance: The combination of natural oil seeps in an Arctic environment presents both geologic and ecologic features of unique national significance. 'This site has a long history of aboriginal use and modem day interest and has historical ties with the designation of the National Petroleum Reserve in which it lies. The paleontological values of the site, although largely undefined at present, are highly likely to be of national significance analogous to the LaBrea tarpits in California. The research potential, regarding plant adaptations to hydrocarbons, is also high. The coastal portion of the site contains excellent examples of shore erosion of ice-rich sediments, with many exposures of ice wedges. 6. Land use: A DEW line site and associated airstrip lie near the edge of the site. Test drilling and offer petroleum exploration activities have been carried out on the site. 7. Dangers to integrity: As part of the National Petroleum Reserve and an area of apparent petroleum potential the area could be subject to additional petroleum related development. Also, excavation of tar pits without tight controls could seriously damage at least portions of the site. 8. ~cial conditions: None 9. Onsite evaluation bv: Dr. Steven B. Young, Director, The Center for Northern Studies, Wolcott, Vermont. Further evaluated by: Dr. Carl Benson, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Robert Detterman, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park; Dr. Peter Lent, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage; C. G~1 Mull, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage; Dr. David Murry, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Dr. Patrick Webber, University of Colorado, Boulder; and Dr. Steven Young, The Center for Northern Studies, Wolcott, Vermont. ENCLOSURES Ma s 1. Map of Alaska showing location of the Simpson Seeps Landmark in the Arctic Lowlands. 2. Boundaries of the Simpson Seeps Landmark drawn on 1:63,360 scale USGS quadrangle, Teshekpuk (D-3). Literature Lists: 1. Simpson Seeps Photographic Illustrations: 1. Seven ('n original color transparencies with original copy. 2. Seven (7) color prints (3'/2 x 5) with each copy of report, with description and location. e~~^ a~. )~ ~~ .., ! ~~~""~~~ ~e S~ ~, b a Cl ~,~ g ~~ if L> tt , ~. t `.^,,,„,. ~ f ~ f i. . -, V } i „~ ,a.~ ,x mow,, - ~ ~ '" 'j ~ ~~ `k ~ .~ ~ ~ ~, ~ ` w t i ~. ~- ~ w,u ,~- ~ p Jrf7$. 1 e..... ~ ! .M ~ z 1 `v t d yr ~ .... ,, "1 E ~. ~~ , a ~ ~ x.,., i .. m: ~ r 9 -~, ~, _. -~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~,~, ~ .. ,. 4 ,. ~ ' ~ ". r.1 '~ to ~~~~~`+, ti_.~ .. r . -~ ~~, ~~~ •~ ~"' °~ r i 1 d C] • Outline Map of Alaska showing; the location of the ~unpson peeps i,anamarK ~uiui~a~CU vy : ~ • • Simpson Seeps Bailey, A. M. 1948. Birds of arctic Alaska. Colorado Museum of Nat. Hist., Popular Series No. 8.317 pp. Barry, T. W. 1968.Observations on natural mortality and native use of eider ducks along the Beaufort Sea Coast. Can. Field-Nat. 82:140-144. Barsdate, R. J., Alexander, V., and Benoit, R. E. 1973. Natural oil seeps at Cape Simpson, Alaska: Aquatic effects. Proc. of the Symposium on the Impact of Oil Resource Development on Northern Plant Communities, Occasional Publications on Northern Life, Univ. of Alaska 1:91-95. Bergquist, H. R. 1966. Micropaleontology of the Mesozoic rocks of northern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 302D:93-227. Black, R. F. 1964. Gubik formation of Quaternary age in northern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 30X:59-91. Black, R. F., and Barksdale, W. L. 1949.Oriented lakes of northern Alaska. J. Geol. 57:105- 118. Boyd, W. L. 1959. Limnology of selected arctic lakes in relation to water supply problems. Ecology 40:49-54. Frame, G. W. 1973.Occurrence of birds in the Beaufort Sea, summer 1969. Auk 90:552-563. Hanna, G. D. 1963.Oil seepages on the arctic coastal plain, Alaska. Occasional Papers of the Calif. Acad. Sci. 38. 18 pp. Hartwell, A. D. 1973. Classification and relief characteristics of northern Alaska's coastal zone. Arctic 26:244-252. Hok, J. R 1969. A reconnaissance of tractor trails and related phenomena on the North Slope of Alaska. U.S. Dept. Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 66 pp. Holmquist, C. 1967. Turbellaria of northern Alaska and northwestern Canada. Internat. Rev. Gesamten Hydrobiologie 52:123-139. Imlay, R. W. 1955. Characteristic Jurassic mollusks from northern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 274D.69-96. • • McCown, B. H., Brown, J., and Barsdate, R. J. 1973. Natural oil seeps at Cape Simpson, Alaska: Localized influences on terrestrial habitat. Froc. of the Symposium on the Impact of Oil Resource Development on Northern Life, Univ. of Alaska 1:76-90. MacCarthy, G. R. 1955. Glacial boulders on the arctic coast of Alaska. Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 66:1691. MacCarthy, G. R. 1958. Glacial boulders on the Arctic coast of Alaska. Arctic 11:71-85. Morris, R. H. 1950. Heavy mineral zonation in wells of the Barrow, Cape Simpson and Umiat areas. U.S. Geol. Survey open-file report. Reimnitz, E., and Bruder, K. F. 1972. River discharge into anise-covered ocean and related sediment dispersal, Beaufort Sea, coast of Alaska. Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 83:861-866. Robinson, F. M. 1959. Test wells, Simpson area, Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 305J:523-568. Smith, P. S., and Mertie, J. B., Jr. 1930. Geology and mineral resources of northwestern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 815.350 pp. Spetzman, L. A. 1959. Vegetation of the Arctic Slope of Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Pro£ Paper 302B:19-58. Steere, W. C. 1978. T'he Mosses of Arctic Alaska. J. Cramer, Vaduz. 508 pp. Stefansson, V. 1910. Notes from the arctic. Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc. 42:460-461. Wiggins, I. L., and Thomas, J. H. 1962. A flora of the Alaskan Arctic Slope. Arctic Inst. North America, Special Publ. 4.425 pp. Wilson, W. 3., Buck, E. H., Player, G. F., and Dreyer, L. D. 1977. Winter water availability and use conflicts as related to fish and wildlife in arctic Alaska - a synthesis of information. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Services Program FWSJOBS-77!06.222 pp. • • y Figure 1. View of one of the more active tar seeps, looking southward. Most of the actual seep is near the right hand side of the picture, with the flow toward the left. Figure 2. View of a smaller, less active seep. Note that tundra vegetation has actually encroached on the exposed surface of the tar. Domes of solidified tar are apparently mostly vegetated, and appear to underlie a considerable portion of the area. • • s ~ Figure 3. Close view of an active tar seep. The view is to the westward, so that the direction of flow is toward the viewer. Standing water covers the more level surfaces of the seep. The bright orange color is apparently due to the presence of algae or bacteria. ~ ~ F ~, F ~~ ,. ~. ~r ~,~ -.~ Figure 4. Animal bones exposed on the surface of the tar seeps. There is much evidence of the recent trapping of caribou in the soft tar, and most of the bones that were easily identified belong to that species. However there is some indication that bones belonging to other species are also contained in the tar deposits. • ~ ~ ~, s~ ` '~' Y su - ~` 6a ~~ ~~` ~: .. ,~. ~~s • Figure 5. Exposed ice wedge along the north (Beaufort Sea) coast of the Simpson Seeps area. The actively eroding coastline in this area provides an excellent opportunity to see this characteristic feature of the Arctic Lowland area. Figure 6. More distant view of the eroding Beaufort Sea coastline, showing the undercutting of the ice-rich Gubik sediments by the action of waves and thawing. • • ,. ~,~ '7lflir z~ -• ,qty-i, ,~ y,~ s~~°a~- ~4 .~ ' ~ ~, ,. of {4r~ ~~ 3 •-~ , wig= ~ I9iT~'"4 ~ uH 8 a ~:~ ~ ••" Figure 7. Eroding high-centered polygons near the Beaufort Sea coast of the area. These are apparently formed by the melting out of ice wedges at the periphery. As melting goes deeper, the active erosion shown here takes place. i• i ~ ~: x r ~ T ~ ~ ~ -.. -- ,~ - - - . ~, y .. ~' ~ _ .- ..~ ...7711 ,, . a.~ _.. xs ~ _~'~ w t _~ .,,.~, ,~ „~„.~ ~.w"~. f t / [ " t ~-- r _ d, ~~ s ..i ~ `. ....-''~. _'A4' ".lea ~._..~.~r..~..a1La._.... ~ .J ~. ... RESTRtCT~ '~ :~ ~I~iAL USE ON,' `COPY NO._.Z~._......: ~h~,~ ~~~~a Ia~~~d c36~ to ~i~~on ~~ ~a~ ~~ .~ ~csndrfed .~v,~a~~ 33P 395p, c~~i~ied ~a ~. 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'~erlr' rare c~bon,~ saes partix~gsm SiGlt shale acmars is beds un to one :Foot thi.c~c butt ggx~era.3.ly -in ~.a$tisxaa of legs thaa au inch ~.a thickadss~ meditna light g~c,ay bat eaoi.~.g,p;di $tl.rtgui ekted ~'4m clay s~sale by olive l3olarad oil st'aiz-.a msdiwQ so~ta mfoaseaexgb $Fp eon-~caleareo~xe; be8s au~oroacima~Ge]~ f~,.at-l~*tng; good odor a~-d staix~a yellowish trx~owxt eats broanx residue Boaz 2~B¢ Q' 7s Coal; dull black to bra~i3 sh blat~a law grades 3>la~r ~'ra.cture vax~r t7hin beds vigi'ble because o~ aXight ranges i~t textur'® and luster, 3~ 3'~ Cl~y'stonaa msdiam light ~rgyo medium $oft9 ijcrerg~alar ~actura x~ougls].y paxall.al bedtiistg but no g+aod cl~avagaQ n~osalcax~eousti 'beds agp~raxi~ mgt~ly ~I.at~»lyir~gtl ~iicro~asaiZs absAZZt, 2'4,285$ Gle~ra medium light gr~ sad gsad$ medium li,g~zt ~d'a,'~Ys ~ixaa gr~.ined. white and cle~.r Quax'tz: soma d~k ahax't 285~20f~~ (3ubik saztd contamizeatioA 34~~17~ 18e 0" s8t2detansn . atedfum dark oli~re g~"~a lrraao~ssaed ail,. stains vary sa~'~ and ~rl,ables f iae graiaada sabaag~.sr, tv~ai.te and clear ~,uattss tack ~ra®atantaa bia#ita sad athax dark maexals make ma the balances blat~ carbosxaoea~zs ~rti.ngs axe ~rasent, lash sia lashes of the raco~rery is made 0~ 983"S* ~Tde dB]1~9~ ~ Sh ~'@~.~,aY clay ~~QII-• $tant9 ~Q!'!~''At~,atla ixanston~e filled ~.th carboaa~ ceous ~ZACks and mex~r seed grains; p4x~asity and Qermsabi~.ity trot $etexsfiaed because ~orma,tioa ~,s sa so~'t~, nanwcalcaraoas; dip 3° verb good oil adars dams affib~3x oats tCraw.n residue dam 3t}9~ ~Ticro~oesils absent i ~~ ~ ~e~ n ~~ca~~~ ~J ~~ ~~~ 317.3'7Cty 3and~ mc~diu~u lf,ght ~'~'~ ~ clear axed ~ahita quar~sA s~z~ngtz3.ar, Title graf.zaedA ~.sa blaot~ chartQ eax~bonaasa~as f'~agsasn'~s and ucicaQ Same Gubik cantamirxatiaxt® 3'~1~.~30$ Clay ~7)~ Crsta~c8aus and G~abi.k sand ~(~~fl d a~3 a s a ~ "2~.~1i~ gq .. [j p g y, a. 1 •7CZ.~ltSg ~~d1~ Iig2lt gx'SyFp ~ white and clear gaiart~A same dark cl~arta r®elc f~~gments (saki etj a mit:~38 $~f,21A grainedm ~sQ~54(~R ~O sam~alee 22 4'38~8E~~° l4° ~" Clair shalev msdf.v3n lig~at gr~ to medium gravE madinra Wards soar c~,®a~ragaa elig~ttly s~iltyg nos cal caxgous; dip 3° ~rnaer done L~ mi~cafassils rare, 5~3~5'7C)~ Silt atld vsx'y °ixle to Tina sandA xucc'~abl~ same C~~a C-~t.'~F~ Sa39.d l~ 5~S9m55Q" 12e Q" Clap s~alg~ mgditlm light ~'~ to meditate ;~~€, medium I~ard~ ~abr to good claa~aga® sg~rsl msditam Zight ~~' la~f.a~t~ ~articnlarly itl the upper ?~alfr ®f the reca~srgd ie2tsrvalo rang ~.am~.rza©~ to ~`~ ti~ic~e af' yr~llawg.sh gray clay iraxtgtanaw arts ],/5" thick at 5~~ a aacasiaraal malla~sc ~agmsnta4 non~calcarsatzas dip 2a Micra~'eassil.$ rare 51~(?m6Qf3 ~ Fia® sand 61~t~6~(?~ Clayfl msdiu{n light gr a~xsi sand 630-~6~t}@ ~aud~ a~sdium Tight ~~y~ fires ~a~~.edA 8t?~ t~hi'~cs and clear a~taart~, stz"bratu~clsid. to subangua.are dark chsrt at~cl xade f'9cagmsntsa miaa.a stuns hraterl 3 sh asllox quarts 680~69C} ° a 6801-~~ds z~rabala~,g neaatly clay, mr~.ch oau'~aminatian '~,'~7:~bQ Sando ansdiane 21ght ~'~'~ Ting to medians grraf.nsdA subang~.axQ 8f~ whi'~8 ~,uarts~ fib daskar grsina ~ ~$~ ~'idnd p!!p'~D~3' ~ ~ o ~~-?6~1° $sladfl as abarsg `but ffns gx~ained® same ;talla~r quartz 76C1<78Q ® C1.ay and sand clay tranetoae 77Q-~~8Q t `~€3(1~B2f3t SS.s~td® msd'1.um Tight g~t'a~va ~rsry fins ,~ainsdo r~thita ltd C1Aax' gt~rts, tr~.CB yallaw i~ua3't~~ Bring dark mins~aJ.sA mica.n bacameB silty tO~t&ril. 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