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Tulsa, Oklahoma December 16, 1975 Amoco Production ComGany 06 ° CONFIDEN'TIAL Participants - Gulf of Alaska C.O.S.T. Program Gentlemen: Subject: Elemental Analyses for Samples from the C.O.$.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska A suite of 122 cuttings samples from the C.O.S.T. project in the Gulf of Alaska was submitted to the Amoco Research Center for elemental analyses as part of the geochemistry program for the subject well. Elemental analyses are used to determine the type of kerogen (oil or gas generat- ing) and the diagenetic stage (level of thermal maturation) attained for a particular sample. Seven of these samples were chosen on the basis of litl~ology to be run for elemental analyses. Those selected are from the following intervals: 1620'-1650'; 1800'-1830'; 1860'-1890'; 4140'-4170'; 4620'-4650'; 4860'- 4890'; and 5100'-5130'. Although most of'the cuttings were predominantly igneous or metavolcanic material, the seven selected showed some possible organic carbon content, either as dark shale or traces of coal. Unfor- tunately, the four deepest samples did not contain enough organic material for elemental evaluation; therefore, only three samples are reported on the attached table. Taken at face value, the elemental analyses indicate that the three samples between 1620' and 1890' contain gas generating kerogens that have attained peak gas generation. However, visual examination by GeoChem Labs (October 1975, page 5) shows that most of the organic matter is severely altered, reworked keTogen that is not indicative of the thermal history of the analyzed section. Therefore', although the elemental analyses confirm GeoChem's visual observations, they are not useful for interpreting the diagenesis level of the first-cycle organic matter in the samples. Very truly yours, James A. Mom~er MLS: mk 2416 Attachment OFFICE DENVFR A~EA A H 0 C 0 o I~ 0 D U C T ! 0 N C 0 M P A N Y AUTHORIZED BY DATE 12/]C./75 R E S E A ~ ~ H ~ E N T E ~ r-TECHNiCAL ~FEV~CE NUN~E~ 35275 0 ~ G A 'N I C D ~[ A G E-N 'E-S ~ 'S O-'~"'"T'-'~ .... STATE ALASKA COUNTY WELL LCCAT[QN ~ELL NAME AMOCO LEASE ALASKAN C C S ~ WELL ~A~PLE SAMPLE P~DO~N~T OEPT~ ELEMENTAL ANALYS~S~ PERCENT RATIO STATE OF HYD~OCARBO.N TY kUMEER TYPE FORMATION AGE LIThOL(~GY TOP~=F~C3TCM CARBCK HYOROGE~ CXYGFN NITROGEN H/C DIAGENESIS ~ HYDROGEN~E~ J-1667 CT CT SH-SS SH-SS SH-SS Feet Ir"2''' 1FMC 1930 1E6C IP~F 5°3 1.6 ,75 ,61 Peak Gas Generation * Gas ,i * . L ................. * Visual analysis done by GeoChem Laboratories, Inc. (October, 1975, page 5) identifies black, reworked kerogens in .the samples which accounts for the advanced diagenetic stage. " ........................ Table 1 AtlanticRichfieldCompany North Amer?''~ Producing Division South Alaska ~.:istrict Post Office Box 360 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Telephone 907 277 5637 Thomas N. Burdette District Landman November 24, 1975 Mr. Thomas R. Marshall, Jr. Acting Director, Division of Oil and Gas Department of Natural Resources State of Alaska 3001 Porcupine Drive Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Dear Mr. Marshall: This is to acknowledge receipt of your letter of November 20, 1975, to Mr. J. P. Johnson, wherein you request the well data on the COST well drilled in the Gulf of Alaska. We are presently in the process of accumulating the requested data into a package to be forwarded to Mr. Pedro Denton in accordance with your instructions. Should you or Mr. Denton have any questions in the interim, please feel free to contact me. .............. :"~omas N. Burdette TNB: mf cc: Mr. Pedro Denton State of Alas~, Division of Lands 323 E. 4th Ave., Anchorage, ~. 99501 Mr. J. P. J~hnson DtV~$1OI4 GP OiL AND GAS ANCHORAGE l/I/: VITRINITE KEFLECT.~CE ANALYSIS ARCO, No. 1 C.O.S.T. WELL GULF OF AI~SKA The purpose of vitrinite reflectance (Ro) analysis of the ARCO, No. 1 C.O.S.T. Gulf of Alaska (GOA) is to determine the thermal maturity of the section penetrated by the well. Nineteen cutting samples were analyzed from depths of 1500-5100 feet. The procedure involves polishing whole rock chips mounted in epoxy resin and measuring vitrinite reflectivity with a reflecting microscope. The chips are not subjected to heat while drying. · The samples from the subject well are very poor in vitrinite content. Most of the samples contain recycled vitrinite derived from older mature and strongly mature rocks (Ro~ 1.0) and this material was excluded from analysis. Refer to Table I for a listing of. the reflectivity results. 1) Because of the scarcity of vitrinite, the number of readings per sample is less than normally considered adequate. 2) On the basis of relatively few measurements per sample, the 'best fit" curve (Fig. 1) suggests an increase in Ro from 0.35 at 1500 feet to 0.41 at 5100 feet. 3) The values mentioned in (2) above are within the Ro range for transitional (iu,,ature to low mature) as indicated on Figure 2 from Staplin (1975). ! H. M. Simpson ARCO November 12, 1975 CONI iDE. NTIAL Table I. Maturation Data for the ARCO, No. 1 C.O.S.T. Well, Gulf of Alaska Sample Depth No. (ft.) No. of Ro Ro Reading s Limi t s Mean B216 1530- 60 3 ' 0.21-0.45 0.32 B217 '~ 1710-40 ND 1890-1920 B218 B219 2100-30 7 B220 2280-2310 B221 2520-50 B222 ND 4 0.33-0.36 B223 27OO-3O 4 O. 25-0.41 5 0.35-0.46 0,39-0.51 0.34 0.34 O. 40 0.45 2800- 2910 2 O. 40-0.48 0.44 B224 3090-3120 0.39-0.41 0.40 0.32-0.46 0.39 B225 3270-3300 2 B226 3510-40 5 0.38-0.49 B227 3720- 50 5 0.33-0.48 0.27-0.49 3900-30 15 4080-4110 0.38-0.39 B228 B2'29 0.45 0.40 0.40 -+ 0.06 0.39 B230 4320-50 5 0.21-0.50 0.38 B231 4500-30 4 0.30-0.42 O. 36 B232 4710-40 4 O. 27-0.46 O. 36 B233 4890-4920 7 0.29-0.47 0.36 B234 5070-5100 3 0.36-0.38 O. 37 ND = No. Data DEPTH (ft.) (ctgo) 1000 ~ 2000 3000 4000 5000 ( ONi:IDENTIAL LEGEND: -- Data ~ I Limits, · ~ Mean 5 No. of Readings 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.0 RO Fig. 1- Vitrinite reflectance for the ARCO C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska HYDROCARBON METAMORPHIC FACIES, VOLATILE COAL Ro THERMAL INDEX LIMITS ON OCCURRENCE MATTER IN CLARIFICATION- REFLECTANCE OF DISPERSED ' ORGANIC CHARACTER OF VITRITE VITRINITE- EXINITE;¢OLOII TEMP- FACIES RESERVOIRS A~TM °F (°C! FINE-GRAINED ROCKS (%dry mh frN) TEICHMOLLEII 50 m.¥. IMMATURE C1-C4: Ory (C1) DRY GAS I. , , PEAT GREENISH- C15+: Mainly N.S.O. MINOR 20°'35~Al~llMi~ltld! +.~3 +'2.0 I~&Ll= YELLOW / Biodegr~l~! oil? / LIGNn'E ' . ,,,o.,o, ,~.,,,,o. /Z~/~/_~_// .,9 ~. ,., ,,...., ~ , ,, . .... ,.,_,,,.,.o. . ,, Cl-C4- W~t (C2+} . W~T ~ . ---45 _+ 0.5 +. 2.5 ,~# YE~,LOW , ,0.8. ,c.-.,4......,F_ ...TO...o,. '" ---- ' "" ~ MATURE Cl5+: M~nly Hyd~or.~x~m ' I -35 HIGH VOLATILE B 2 1.0 Wl~ LIGHT (iooo) . · A +. 1.2 ) NARROW LIGHT TRANS~ ' ' CONDENSATE$ : ' -31 ' MISSION RANGE I - i t i¢ - -- 26 . ~ +1.3 TO BROWN . - I I I ,.,. vo_. ---'''''"- °TRANSITION F ~Ct'ANC~ I I -------'~ -- , 22 .+ 1.5 EXlNITE SAME COLO~lk I I I 350° META- CRC,: ~V (C~) 0.~ G,~ .,~..~ O. I MORPHOSED AS VITRINITE :i C4-C14: Lean CO2 . i.OWVOLATiLE .+ 1.8 · i I I j. I I I Cl5+: L.n . J. / _1 .ITUMEN PLUGGING OF .+ 2.0 · .+3.7 BROWN-BLACK · I~OROSITY · · TO BLACK , I IAIAI. OIL LIMIT . SEMI-ANTHRACITE ' MINERALOGICAL CHANGES POOR POROSITY I GAS -8 .* 2.5 400° IN UN~TABLE ROCKS AND ANTH~ACITE ' , (200O) CLAYS. HIGH D~NSITY. TRACES OIlY GAS. CO~ .+4.0 BLACK IOI~AOU~) ¢ CONDENSATE ~ ,- HA,DNESE, CnUSHING. .... I OiL RAgOE STRENGTH. ' META-ANTHRACITE · 4k ~RATUIIE CHART OIL ~ OUT , , . ,, , +.r,.o .GRAPHOCITE. · g)0°+ PHYLLITE GRAPHITE PRESENT TRACES DRY GA~. CO.2 ~ 2 GRAPHITE (316o+) Fig. 2 - Relationship of vitrin$te reflectance to other maturation parameters and hydrocarbon generation. (Staplin., 1975, AA. iP Symposium)' : ANDERSON, WARi ' & ASSOCIATES, INC. CONSULTING MICROPALEONTOLOGY 11526 Sorrento Valley Road Suite G October 27, 1975 TO: Atlantic Richfield Company RE: C.O.S.T. No. 1 Gulf of Alaska PALYNOLOGY REPORT A total of 41 samples were processed and analyzed for paly- nomorph content. The samples were 90 foot ditch composites covering the interval from 1500 feet to the total depth of 5150 feet. In the section penetrated, no indigenous palynomorphs with age significance were observed. The foraminifera and/or nannofossils provide more definitive data regarding the age zonation. Numerous reworked palynomorphs were recovered in the well. This abundance of recycled fossils is a common characteristic observed in the Pleistocene strata of the region. The re- cycled assemblage herein observed was comprised mainly of well-preserVed, warm climate, Paleogene fossils. The recycled forms were most numerous between 1770 feet to 2850 feet. Below 2850 feet the recycled forms occur less con- sistently down to the total depth. Minor occurrences of some non-diagnostic microplankton were recorded. These marine related palynomorphs occur scattered in the well with some concentration in the intervals 1500 feet to 1860 feet, 3570 feet to 3930 feet, and 4470 feet to 4740 feet. ANDERSON, WAR! & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 Figure P-1 illustrates the distribution of recovered palynomorphs. ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. ~ -Hidey~ Haga -2- .CONFIDENTIAL , , · ds .S sn~otdo~p tun~p~Ja~qdso~a¥ 'dS uln~u~po[n3Ja~0 ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~,~ sno~uouas sa~p~uaqo~a[s ~Jo§a~6~ sa~uatto~tt~S~d aea3e[podouaq~ sal~aodselxn~ aea3ea§eu0 · des sal~aods~so3~J3e3~3 · xatI ~n~po~o~q e~onba$ efi~e~o~old s~e~OpOd sa~eaodto~a1 pale~uaaai~pun snt~ao , tunU§~d$ gpunl.$0 · snu~d ~ ~ . iiiilllllll Illllllllll ~ 3 N 3 3 0 £ S ! 3 q d ANDERSON, WA,.P~. & ASSOCIATES, INC. CONSULTING MI~,,,OPALEONTOLOGY 11526 Sorrento Valley Road Suite G San Diego, California 92121 (714) 755-1524 Cable: Micropaleo San Diego October 27, 1975 60--230 TO: Atlantic Richfield Company RE: C.O.S.T. No. 1 Gulf of Alaska CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON REPORT Introduction Paleontology Stratigraphy Conclusions Selected References Contents Pa.~e Figures: C-1 Stratigraphic distribution of calcareous nannoplankton Stratigraphic usefulness of calcareous nannoplankton C-2 Interpreted by: J. H. Newell ANDERSON, WAI:'~C~N & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 INTRODUCTION Forty-one (41) samples from the C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska well were' examined for occurrences of calcareous nannofossils. The interval examined was from 1500 feet to 5150 feet. The usefulness of calcareous nannofossils as age indicators or as stratigraphic markers in the Gulf of Alaska region has met with limited success~ in the past. Part of the problem is that calcareous nannoplankton prefer tropical or at least temperate waters, so as a result they become much less diverse in the colder arctic water. Obviously, however, the real problem parallels the lack of stratigraphic control in the offshore area. Except for a few coring programs most of the control has had to come from outcrop samples. To be expected these samples have yielded poor assemblages of calcareous nanno- fossils and has no doubt thrown a damper on the stratigraphic usefulness of this important group of fossils. For this reason the C.O.S.T. No. 1 well was considered the first significant test for occurrences of calcareous nannofossils in the Gulf of Alaska region. It is hoped that this well can be completed as proposed and that others may also be drilled. This report is divided into several sections. Besides this introduction, there is a section on the paleontology, stra- tigraphy, and some concluding remarks. The reader who is not familiar with calcareous nannofossils may want to turn directly to the concluding remarks. PALEONTOLOGY Nineteen (19) discernable species of calcareous nannofossils -2- ANDERSON, WA~N & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 were observed in the C.O.S.T. No. 1,' Gulf of Alaska well. The indigenous species are as follows: Braarudosphaera bigelowi Emiliania annula Coccolithus carteri Emiliania cf. huxleyi Coccolithus cf. doronicoides Gephyrocapsa aperta Coccolithus pelagicus Coccolithus pliopelagicus Coccolithus productus Cyclococcolithina leptopora Discolithina sp. Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica Gephyrocapsa oceanica Gephyrocapsa sp. Thoracosphaera sp. Most of the species listed above are well-known to paleon- tologists working with calcareous nannofossils. However, a few notes concerning some of them are desirable. The specimens listed as Coccolithus cf. doronicoides may actually be Coccolithus doronicoides, but are exceptionally small. This species has been placed under several generic names most notably Coccolithus, Gephyrocapsa, Cyclicargolithus, and most recently Crenalithus, (Bukry, 1975). Specimens noted as Discolithina sp. were unfortunately very rare and always poorly preserved. More future sampling may prove these specimens to be Discolithina japonica. The very tiny coccoliths noted in the first two samples (1500 feet to 1590 feet, 1590 feet to 1680 feet) are here listed' as Emiliania cf. huxleyi. When examining calcareous nannofossils with a transmitted light microscope the identi- fication of Emiliania huxleyi is always speculative. Specimens of Gephyrocapsa that could not be accurately assigned to a definitive species have here been lumped together and are indicated as Gephyrocapsa sp. -3- ANDERSON, WAJ;UaEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 The following species have been reworked: Dictyococcites bisectus Helicopontosphaera cf. intermedia Dic~yococcites scrippsae Reticulofenestra sp. All of these species are commonly found in late Middle Eocene to Oligocene age strata. Figure C-1 shows the stratigraphic distribution of all calcareous nannofossils encountered. Sampling for this project was limited to 90 foot samples with each sample composed of a composite of three 30 foot samples. STRATIGRAPHY The calcareous nannofossil assemblages seen in the C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska well are characteristic of Pleistocene age strata. Further, they are most characteristic of the Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone (Bukry, 1973). The terms middle and late when applied to the Pleistocene are rather arbitrary and have not been formalized at least in rela- tion to calcareous nannoplankton zonation. The Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone probably includes the middle and at least the lower part of the late Pleistocene. Exactly where to draw the line is therefore pretty much left for the individual investigator. If indeed some of the specimens in the first two samples are Emiliania huxleyi, then these together with specimens of Emiliania annula and Coccolithus cf. doronicoides would indi- cate that these samples belong to the top of the Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone and would therefore be late Pleistocene. -4- ANDERSON, WAI~,~N & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 The assemblages beginning at 3570 feet are tentatively assigned as middle Pleistocene. There are no definitive species of calcareous nannofossils at this interval but the siliceous fossils, particularly the diatoms at 3660 feet, present a significant change. CONCLUSIONS In an academic apprOach, the calcareous nannofossils seen in the C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska well would be considered rather nondescript. They would be shown to indicate a Pleis- tocene age and left to go at that. However, when approached in a practical manner, the calcareous nannofossils take on a rather significant aspect. First of all, they occurred in large abundance. Secondly, they occurred in pulses (specimen increases) obviously related to trans- gressions. Thirdly, and most importantly, each one of the most dramatic pulses had a characteristic assemblage (see Figure C-2). For example, the first pulse was in the first two samples. Obviously, the top of this pulse could not be determined because of lack of samples. The assemblage consisted of species of Coccolithus, Gephyrocapsa, Emiliania, and a species of Cyclococcolithina. The second major pulse was from 3570 feet to 4020 feet. The upper portion of this pulse (3570 feet to 3840 feet) was dominated by species of Coccolithus only and the bottom portion (3840 feet to 4020 feet) by species of Gephyrocapsa. The third major pulse was from 4470 feet to 4830 feet. This increase was dominated by Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica. -5- ANDERSON, WA~N & ASSOCIATES, INC. mm mm · RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 Floral increases with distinctive aSsemblages have proven to be effective "markers" for correlation in the Gulf of Mexico where a thick Plio-Pleistocene section can also be found. Whether or not these pulses will provide regional or only local control remains to be seen. SELECTED REFERENCES Bukry, D., 1973, Low-Latitude Coccolith Biostratigraphic Zonation, in Edgar, N.T., Saunders, J.B., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XV, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 685-695. Bukry, D., 1975, Coccolith and Silicoflagellate Stratigraphy, Northwestern Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 32, in Larson, R.L., Moberly, R., et al., 1975, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XXXII, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 677-701. ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. A. D. Warren -6- Warren & Associates, Inc. C.O.S.T. No. 1 11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite G Gulf of Alaska San Diego, California 92121 CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON ~~ ~ DITCH SERIES ~--~ SAMPLE AND ~ ~ ~ DEPTHS SUBSERIES ~ ~ u ~ FEET ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 8 o , ,, ~ 1500 - 1590 VR F. R VR R F VR F C R R ~ 1590 - 1680 VR R VR R F C R VR 1680 - 1770 1770 - 1860 R VR* R ~1860 - 1950 1950 - 2040 VR 2040 - 2130 VR* ~ 2130 - 2220 VR VR* : 2220 - 2310 VR VR o 2310 - 2400 VR N 2400 - 2490 2490 - 2580 VR ~ 2580 - 2670 VR vR VR VR VR ~ 2670 - 2760 VR* · - 2760 - 2850 F VR VR = 2850 - 2940 VR VR ~ 2940 - 3030 VR ~ 3030 - 3120 .... ~ 3120 - 3210 VR o 3210 - 3300 VR VR 3300 - 3390 VR VR VR* m 3390 - 3480 R VR VR m 3480 - 3570 VR VR VR* = 3570 - 3660 R R VR VR VR* ~ 3660 - 3750 R F VR R v 3750 - 3840 R VR C VR R VR o 3840 - 3930 F VR R R VR ~ ~ 3930 - 4020 R F R VR ~ ~ 4020 - 4110 R F VR* VR · ~ ~ 4110 - 4200 VR VR ~ 4200 - 4290 VR ~ 4290 - 4380 VR VR VR ~ 4380 - 4470 VR VR R 4470 - 4560 R F R R 4560 - 4650 VR F VR C R F R VR VR · 4650 - 4740 R F VR C VR VR 4740 - 4830 R R F F 4830 - 4920 R VR F F VR 4920 - 5010 VR VR VR 5010 - 5100 VR R R VR* 5100 - 5150 VR VR R R F R VR -- VA : very abundant C : common R : rare Interpreted by : J. H. Newell A : abundant F : frequent VR: one specimen Date : October 2, 1975 * : reworked species REFERENCES ., , Bukry, D., in Edgar, N. T., Saunders, J. B., et al., 1973, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol XV, pp. 685-695. Bukry, D., in Larson, R. L., Moberly, R., et al., 1975, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol. XXXII, pp. 677-701. F I G.U R.E C - 1 Atlantic Richfield Company C,O.S.T. No. 1 Gulf of Alaska ii i i.. i i ii increasing abundance . 1500' Floral increase with Coccolithus, Gephyrocapsa and Emiliania 1680 11526'So men~'o Valley Road, Suite ~. San Diego, California 92121 1680 T 2000' 3000' 4000' 5000' )2130-2400~Minor floral increases with robust l species of Coccolithus 2490-2670 2760-2940/ 3570 -3840. 4020 ~~_ 487300 Floral increase Coccolithus spp. dominant , . Gephyrocapsa spp. dominant 3840 F1 oral increase dominated by Gephyrocapsa cari bbeanica - 5100 \ 5150' ~T. D. Minor floral increase Figure C-2. strat'i'graphic u~ef~lness of calcareo'us nannofossils. ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. CONSULTING MIcRoPi~-'' ~NTOLOGY 11526 Sorrento Valley Road Suite G San Diego, California 92121 (714) 755-1524 Cable: Micropaleo San Diego October 27, 1975 · CONFiDEN 'iAL TO: Atlantic Richfield Company RE: C.O.S.T. No. 1 Gulf of Alaska FORAMINIFERA REPORT Contents Page Introduction Age Interpretation Paleoenvironment Interpretation Selected References Figures: F-1 Stratigraphic distribution of foraminifera F-2 Ditch sample diversity plot Interpreted by: R. S. Boettcher ANDERSON, WARREN &?~,,~.SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 INTRODUCTION This report is based on examination of one hundred twenty- two (122) ditch samples representing the interval from 1500 feet to 5150 'feet '(T.D.). A range chart of the species identified in this Study ~and a diversity plot are enclosed. Also enclosed is a calcareous and siliceous microplankton Cenozoic correlation Chart. Standard techniques were employed in processing the samples. The material was.washed over 20 and 200 mesh screens and then the finer fractionS were floated in heavy liquid to concentrate the fossils. In general the foraminifera are very well preserved and are quite abundant in certain intervals. There are very few published references on Gulf of Alaska foraminifera. The age and paleoenvironmental interpretations of this report are, by and large, based on the results obtained from Leg 18 of the JOIDES program (Ingle, 1973). The first part of this report will deal with the age of the section penetrated; the second part will cover the environ- ment of deposition. AGE INTERPRETATION Interval: Age: 1500-5150' Upper PlioCene to Pleistocene, probable middle to upper Pleistocene Relatively little is known about the foraminiferal biostra- tigraphy of the Late Tertiary and Quaternary of the far north Pacific. regions. The cold water Conditions that have existed since the upper Miocene have not been very conducive to rapid -2- ANDERSON, WARREN & A_SSOCIATES, INC. ~m.- , mm ~ mmm ~mmm · RE: ARCO- C.O.S.T. No. 1 evolutionary development and great species diversity. Often the faunal fluctUations are the resUlt of facies changes rather than evolutionary changes. The foraminifera of the C.O.S.T. No. 1 well are, apart from cyclical fluctuations, generally the same from top to bottom. Species most often noted are Angulogerina fluens, Cassidulina californica, ~. minuta, Elphidium clavatum, Pulvinulinella pacifica, Globigerina pachyderma and ~. quadrilatera (FigureF-1). Other less commonly occurring forms include Angulogerina angulosa, Bolivina decussata, Buccella spp., Cassidulina nor- crossi, C. teretis, Cibicides fletcheri, C. aff. suppressus, Elphidium bartletti, E. frigidum, E. orbiculare, E. oregonense, Karreriella baccata, Nonionella auricula, N. labradorica, Pullenia salisburYi, Pulvinulinella exigua, Quinqueloculina stalkeri, Uvigerina cf. cushmani, U. cf. peregrina, Globigerina bulloides and ~. quinqueloba. The above assemblage is very similar to populations living today in nOrthern waters (including the Gulf of Alaska). Although no hard and fast age can be assigned to the benthic forms, their excellent preservation, plus the fact that they so clOsely resemble modern assemblages .argues for a Pliocene to Pleistocene age interpretation. The planktonic foraminifera provide some additional informa- tion on the age of the section. Globigerina pachyderma is especially useful. .ThiS species apparently demonstrates different coiling directions depending on the water tempera- ture. Right Coiled (dextral) forms are found in warm waters while left coiled (sinistral) forms are characteristic of cold water environments. In the Leg 18 study, Ingle (1973) -3- · · ANDERSON, WARREN &~SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 found that this species coiled predominantly to the left during the middle to upper Pleistocene, the upper (but possibly not uppermost) Pliocene, and the upper Miocene. A similar left coiling preference in the middle to upper Pleistocene has been noted in Bristol Bay (EchOls, 1973) and in other northeast'Pacific areas (Kent, et al., 1971; Olsson and Goll, 1970). Recent Gulf of Alaska populations are also sinistral (Todd and Low, 1967). In the present study, G. pachyderma is always 90% to 100% left coiled and, coupled with the benthic species, suggests an upper Pliocene or middle to upper Pleistocene age. Although the former age cannot be positively excluded, it is felt that the middle to upper Pleistocene designation is preferable. This age is also confirmed by the siliceous microfossils and the calcareous nannoplankton. One of the clOsest offshore outcrop localities where Pleisto- cene age rocks occur is on Middleton Island. Hopkins (1967) indicates that the youngest part of the island is the result. of deposition during the Anvilian transgression. Further- more, he states that the air and water temperatures were warmer than the present. These elevated paleotemperatures are in part confirmed, since Middleton Island is reportedly dominated by dextral rather than sinistral populations of G. pachyderma. Based on megafossils, %he age ascribed to the Anvilian trans- gression is middle Pleistocene (Hopkins, 1967). This may appear to be slightly conflicting, since Ingle (1973) suggests that G. pachyderma populations were left coiled at that time. -4- · ANDERSON, WARREN &~SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 It'may be that this is largely a semantics problem in attempting to correlate megafossil data with foraminifera data. Regardless of the precise age of the Anvilian trans- gression, it appears that the entire section penetrated in the C.O.S.T. No. 1 well is younger than the youngest strata on the Island. Reworked foraminifera are not uncommon in the samples examined and generally fall into two basic groups. The first generally includes species of probable Eocene to Oligocene age which occur more or less randomly throughout the well section. The second group consists of probable Pliocene and/or Pleistocene forms which tend to occur in certain rather consistent patterns. This will be developed further in the discussion on paleoecology. PALEOENVIRONMENT INTERPRETATION Interval: 1500-5150' Environment: Cyclical Neritic to Upper Bathyal In a very generalized way, increasing water depths are reflected by an increasing number of for. aminifera. In wells this trend is, of course, modified by sample size, uphole contamination, trips, plus any hole and circulation problems that develop. Nevertheless, it is felt that in gross terms, the concept remains valid even when dealing with ditch samples. Following this hypothesis, there are several faunal fluctua- tions between 1500 feet and 5150 feet that probably represent cyclical transgressive-regressive sequences. This is graphically presented on the accompanying diversity plot (Figure F-2). This curve represents the number of foraminifera -5- ANDERSON, WARREN &.,~SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 species counted in. each sample plus miscellaneous fossil groups (diatOms, radiolaria, etc.). Please note that the value for each sample is plotted at the depth corresponding to the bottom of each 30 foot interval. Insofar as possible, reworked species are not included. There are some samples, however, in which a particular species may be represented by both indigenous specimens and a few reworked individuals. In these cases, since the rewOrked forms are not separated from the indigenous forms, they are automatically included on the diversity plot. The first faunal pulse occur.s near the top of the section. The tOp sample (1500 feet to 1530 feet) is, however, highly contaminated by cement and may not reliably reflect the actual indigenous fauna. The presence of Cassidulina cal- ifornica, Pulvinulinella exigua, P. pacifica, and Uvigerina cf. peregrina between 1560 feet and 1650 feet probably repre- sents upper bathyal water depths. Although some of these species are often found in the middle bathyal, they are also characteristic of Ingle's (1973) upper bathyal biofacies. In the absence of definitive middle bathyal species, this interval is considered to be upper bathyal. There is ample evidence of displaced shallower water forms in Buccella spp., Cassidulina minuta, Elphidium clavatum, E. spp., and Nonionella spp. The faunas drop off markedly below 1650 feet and remain impoverished for 450 feet. The most commonly occurring species in this interval are Buccella spp., Cassidulina minuta, C. teretis, Cibicides fletcheri, Elphidiella arctica, Elphidium bartletti, E. clavatum and E. discoidale. The very -6- · . ANDERSON, WARREN &/~SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 rare and very sporadic occurrences of Cassidulina californica and Pulvinulinella pacifica are interpreted to be coming from uphole. The assemblage in this interval is best referred to the neritic, and may represent inner to middle neritic depths. The diversity plot implies a minor deepening between 2100 feet and 2280 feet. This is also reflected in the faunas by the consistent and relatively abundant presence of Cassidulina californica plus more sporadic and rare Pulvinu- linella pacifica. This interval probably was deposited under outer neritic to upper'bathyal conditions. The section between 2280 feet and 2460 feet contains species that suggest a return to possible inner to middle neritic conditions. The faunal pulse starting at 2460 feet yields upper bathyal species. Below 2580 feet, however, the faunas are dominated by Cassidulina californica, C. minuta, and C. cf. subglobosa, which indicates an outer neritic environment. Between 2760 feet and 2910 feet the presence of Pulvinulinella pacifica plus rare Eilohedra levicula suggests a return to upper bathyal depths. Below 2910 feet the diversity curve drops off and then gradually and erratically increases. It may be that the lowest values represent inner to middle neritic depths. This interpretation is not inconsistent with the species present. Generally between 3090 feet and 3270 feet the faunas suggest neritic depths with possible occasional deepening to upper bathyal. The minor pulse from 3270 feet to 3390 feet contains rare to frequent Pulvinulinella pacifica and probably repre- sents an upper bathyal environment. Below 3390 feet the assemblages are suggestive of middle to outer neritic depths. -7- ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 A major upper bathyal faunal pulse occurs between 3540 feet and 4050 feet. Some of the more common species in this interval include Angulogerina angulosa, ~. fluens, Bolivina decussata, Cassidulina californica, Pulvinulinella pacifica, and Uvigerina cf. peregrina. Rare probable uPper bathyal forms occUrring more sporadically are Bolivina cf. argentea, B. cf. spissa, B. pacifica, Cibicides aff. suppressus, and Pullenia saliSburyi. These latter species tend to occur near the apex of the faunal pulse. As always, displaced neritic species are fairly common. It is possible 'that this upper bathyal pulse (and also succeeding ones) represents slightly deeper paleodepths than the upper bathyal environ- ments higher in the well. The interval between 4050 feet and 4530 feet is interpreted to represent neritic to upper bathyal environments. Some samples contain predominantly neritic assemblages along with 'rare upper bathyal species; these latter may be displaced from the abundant upper bathyal faunas immediately uphole. In some samples, however, Pulvinulinella pacifica is quite common, and it is possible that some, if not all, of this interval is representative of the upper bathyal. The faunal pulse between 4530 feet and 4950 feet contains an upper bathyal assemblage. The interval between 4950 feet and 5100 feet may also be representative of the upper bathyal. However, a neritic consideration cannot be excluded since there are considerable numbers of neritic species present, plus there is uncertainty regarding possible uphole contamina- tion. Below 5100 feet the faunas more strongly suggest an upper bathyal environment. -8- RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 The foraminifera found in the C.O.S.T. No. 1 well are typical of subarctic assemblages. Based on the virtual 100% sinistral coiling direction of Globigerina pachyderma, the surface waters during the deposition period involved were probably seldom warmer than 5° or 6° C. As previously mentioned, some samples contain species repre- sented by both indigenous specimens and Pliocene and/or older Pleistocene forms. The latter are yellow-orange in color and are highly silicified, which is totally different from the preservation of the indigenous fauna. In 'addition, their occurrences are primarily limited to the presumably shallower water intervals where the indigenous faunas are relatively sparse. Although these reworked forms are never very abundant, they are very consistent in the intervals that they do occur. The implication of these occurrences is that there was erosion of neritic to upper bathyal Pliocene and/or older Pleistocene strata dUring lowered sea level periods of the middle to upper Pleistocene. It may be tempting to equate the faunal fluctuations (and presumed sea level fluctuations) of this study to glacial and interglacial stages. It is probably premature, however, to attempt this at the present time. Considerably more work in northeastern Pacific regions will probably be necessary before faunal fluctuations can be reliably correlated with specific climatic events. SELECTED REFERENCES Echols, R. J., 1973. Foraminifera, Leg 19, Deep Sea Drilling Project, in Creager, J.S., Scholl, D. W., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Vol- ume XIX, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 721-733. -9- '- ANDERSON, WARREN &,,~SOCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO ' C.O.S.T. No. 1 Hopkins, D. M., 1967. Quaternary Marine Transgressions in Alaska, in The Bering Land Bridge, D. M. Hopkins, ed., Stanford University Press, pp. 47-90. Ingle, J. C., Jr., 1973. Neogene Foraminifera from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean, Leg 18, Deep Sea Drilling Project, in Kulm, L. D., von Huene, R., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XVIII, Washington (U. S. Government.Printing Office) pp. 517-567. . Kent, D., Opdyke, M. D., and Ewing, M., 1971. Climate Change in the North Pacific Using Ice-Rafted Detritus as a Climatic Indicator, Geol. Soc. of Amer. Bull., Vol. 82, pp. 2741-2754. Olsson, R.K., and Goll, R., 1970. Biostratigraphy, Leg'5, Deep Sea Drilling Project, in McManus, D. A., et al., 1970, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume V, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 557-567. Todd, Ruth, -and Low, Doris, 1967. Recent Foraminifera from the Gulf of Alaska and Southeastern Alaska, U. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 573-A. ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. A. D. Warren -10- ~ ~OCIATES, INC. , ANDERSON, WARREN &~-- · ~ONSULTING MICROPALEONTOLOGY -' 11526 Sorrento Valley Road Suite G San Diego, California 92121 (714) 755-1524 Cable: Micropaleo San Diego October 27, 1975 TO: Atlantic Richfield Company RE: C.O.S.T. No. 1 GQlf of Alaska SILICEOUS MICROFOSSIL REPORT Contents Introduction Paleontology Radiolaria Diatoms Silicoflagellates Endoskeletal Dinoflagellates Stratigraphy Conclusions Selected References Figures: S-la Stratigraphic distribution of diatoms S-lb Stratigraphic distribution of silico- flagellates, radiolaria, and endoskeletal dinoflagellates Page Interpreted by: J. H. Newell ANDERSON, WARREN &~OCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 INTRODUCTION Forty-one (41) samples from the C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska well were examined for occurrences of siliceous microfossils. The interval examined was from 1500 feet to 5150 feet. For some time siliceous microfossils have been documented for individual formations or isolated sequences. However, it has only been within the last few years, largely as the result of the JOIDES Deep Sea Drilling Project, that siliceous micro- fossils have been proven to be effective stratigraphic markers. The major groups of siliceous fossils used are radiolaria, diatoms and silicoflagellates. Also included in this report are occurrences of endoskeletal dinoflagellates which eXhibit limited stratigraphic usefulness. When examining samples for siliceous microfossils two slides are prepared: one with the coarse fraction (greater than 74 microns) for radiolaria and larger diatoms, and one with the finer fraction (less than 74 microns) which contains the bulk of the diatoms, silicoflagellates, and other miscellaneous forms. Much difficulty was encountered isolating the siliceous microfossils in large enough numbers to permit any strati- graphic control. This report is divided into several sections. Besides this introduction, there is a section on the paleontology, stra- tigraphy, and some concluding remarks. PALEONTOLOGY Radiolaria: The following nine (9) discernable species of radiolaria were -2- ANDERSON, WARREN &~OCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 encountered in the C.O.S.T. No. 1, Gulf of Alaska well: Acanthodesmiidae (Genera and Species indeterminate) Cenosphaera sp. Echinomma sp. Lychnocanoma sp. Phacodiscus cf. rotula Sphaeropyle langii Spongodiscus sp. A Spongodiscus sp. B Xiphospira circularis Although definitive species names for several of the above were omitted from the species distribution chart (Figure S-lb), specimens listed as Cenosphaera sp. bear close affinity to Cenosphaera compacta, those listed as Echinomma sp. show close affinity to Echinomma leptodermmum, and those listed as Lychnocanoma sp. are 'closely related to Lychnocanoma grande. There appeared to be several species of Spongodiscus, but two are most important and are here listed as Spon~odiscus sp. A and Spongodiscus sp. B. Spongodiscus sp. A is a large discoidal shell with the surface consisting of an irregular network of circular to subcircular pores throughout. Spongodiscus sp. B is similar except the central part, from one-half to sometimes two-thirds the diameter of the disc, is thicker and appears darker than the rest of the shell. Diatoms: The following twenty-nine (29) species of diatoms were encountered: Actinocyclus ochotensis Actinocyclus ocutatus Actinocyclus sp. Actinoptychus undulatus Arachnoidiscus ehrenbergii Asteromphalus cf. robustus Biddulphia aurita Cocconeis costata -3- ANDERSON, WARREN &?"'~.. OCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 Cocconeis scutellum Coscinodiscus asteromphalus Coscinodiscus cf. endoi Coscinodiscus excentricus Coscinodiscus lineatus Coscinodiscus marginatus Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Denticula seminae Melosira sulcata Navicula sp. Porosira glacialis Rhizosolenia curvirostris Rhizosolenia sp. Stephanopyxis horridus Stephanopyxis turris Thalassionema nitzschioides Thalassiosira gravida Thalassiosira lineata Thalassiosira nidulus Thalassiothrix longissima Xanthiopyxis sp. The above species list includes forms well-known to diatomists and need not be discussed here. The list is not an exhaustive one but includes most of the recognizable forms as many were badly fragmented. Silicoflagellates: The following five (5) species of silicoflagellates were found: Dictyocha aff. octagona Distephanus octonarius Distephanus cf. stauracanthus Distephanus speculum var. A Distephanus speculum var. B The specimens listed as Distephanus speculum var. A have long radial spines whereas those listed as Distephanus speculum var. B have very short radial spines. Endoskeletal Dinoflagellates: The following three (3) distinctive species of endoskeletal dinoflagellates were found: Actiniscus pentasterias Foliactiniscus mirabilis Actiniscus tetrasterias -4- ANDERSON, WARREN &~"-~OCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 What is listed here, of course, are'only "morphologic" species as only the siliceous spicules of the endoskeletal dino- flagellates are fossilized. An excellent accounting of this small group of fossils can be found in Dumitric~ (1973). Figures S-la and S-lb show the stratigraphic distribution of all siliceous microfossils encountered. Sampling for this project was limited to 90 foot intervals with each sample composed of a composite of three 30 foot samples. STRATIGRAPHY Zonation schemes for the various siliceous microfossil groups, particularly for the Pleistocene section, are indeed in their embryonic stage. However, a few interesting observations can be made. Each group will be discussed separately. Radiolaria: The radiolaria observed are, for the most part, nondescript. The most important age-diagnostic species is Sphaeropyle langii which is restricted to the Pleistocene (Kling, 1973). This species was seen throughout the section. Unfortunately, the radiolaria occurred rarely and sporadically and no distribution pattern like that done for the calcareous nannofossils could be attempted. Diatoms: Diatom occurrences are more abundant and therefore more useful for age determinations. They become more diverse at 3660 feet. At this depth the last occurrence of Rhizosolenia curvirostris was noted. The extinction of this species generally marks the -5- ANDERSON, WARREN &~OCIATES, INC. I~' g mr mm I I ii RE: ARCO- C.O.S.T. No. 1 top of the Rhizosolenia curvirostris Zone (Koizumi, 1973). Koizumi (1973) considers this zone to mark the top of the middle Pleistocene. Also of interest is the overlap of the species Rhizosolenia curvirostris and Actinocyclus oculatus from 4420 feet to 5150 feet. This occurrence is characteristic of the lower part of the Rhizosolenia curvirostris Zone which lies wholly within the middle Pleistocene. This zone is equivalent to the North Pacific Diatom Zone II of Schrader (1973). The interval from 1500 feet to 3660 feet belongs in the Denticula seminae Zone (Koizumi, 1973) which is considered late Pleistocene. These tentative zones are indicated on Figure S-la. Silicoflagellates: Although the silicoflagellates were exceptionally rare in the samples examined, the occurrence of Distephanus octonarius at 4560 feet lends evidence that this well has as yet not penetrated sediment older than middle Pleistocene. The extinction~of Distephanus octonarius marks the top of the Distephanus octonarius Zone (Bukry, 1974, 1975) which can be equated generally to the lower half of the calcareous nanno- fossil Gephyrocapsa oceanica Zone. The tentative silico- flagellate zonation is indicated on Figure S-lb. Endoskeletal Dinoflagellates: The species of endoskeletal dinoflagellates listed here have little stratigraphic significance as they may be found through- out the Neogene. Foliactiniscus mirabilis may be seen through- out much of the Tertiary (Dumitric~, 1973). -6- ANDERSON, WARREN &~OCIATES, INC. RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 CONCLUSIONS Obviously, no definitive zonation can be achieved from the data of a single well. More intensive examination of these same samples by other investigators may yield conflicting evidence from that presented here. Nevertheless the occur- rences of the diatoms and silicoflagellates when viewed together greatly complement one another. The data gathered from the study of the siliceous microfossils when coupled with that from the calcareous nannofossils and foraminifera will greatly aid in more exacting stratigraphic control and therefore more precise correlation in the future. The siliceous microfossils even more than the calcareous nannofossils have, as we have seen, provided several extinc- tion horizons which will be important for future correlations. The greatest disadvantage of the siliceous microfossils is the difficulty in isolating them from ditch samples in great enough abundance to be useful. More refined laboratory techniques should take care of this problem. SELECTED REFERENCES Bukry, D., 1974, Stratigraphic Value of Silicoflagellates in Nontropical Regions, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., Vol. 85, pp. 1905-1906. Bukry, D., 1975, Silicoflagellate and Coccolith Stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 29, in Kennett, J.P., Houtz, R.E., et al., 1975, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XXIX, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 845-871. -7- ANDERSON, WARREN &."r'~OCIATES, INC. , RE: ARCO - C.O.S.T. No. 1 Dumitrica, P., 1973, Cenozoic Endoskeletal Dinoflagellates in the Southwestern Pacific, Sediments Cored During Leg 21 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, in Burns, R. E., Andrews, J.E., et al., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XXI, Washington (U. S. Govern- ment Printing Office) pp. 819-835. .Kling, S. A., 1973, Radiolaria from the Eastern North Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 18, in Kulm, L. D., von Huene, R., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XVIII, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 617-671. Koizumi, I., 1973, The Late Cenozoic Diatoms of Sites 183-193, Leg 19, Deep Sea Drilling Project, in Creager, J. S., Scholl, D.W., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XIX, Washington (U. S. Govern- ment Printing Office) pp. 805-855. Ling, H.Y., 1973, Silicoflagellates and Ebridians from Leg 19, in Creager, J.S., Scholl, D. W., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XIX, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 751-775. Schrader,. Hans-Joachim, 1973, Cenozoic Diatoms from the North- east Pacific, Leg 18, in Kulm, L. D., von Huene, R., et al., 1973, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume XVIII, Washington (U. S. Government Printing Office) pp. 673-797. ANDERSON, WARREN & ASSOCIATES, INC. A. D. Warren -8- Atlantic Richfield Company Anderson, Warren & Associates, Inc. C.O.S.T. No. 1 11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite G Gulf of Alaska San Diego, California 92121 i DIATOMS ~~ DITCH SERICS ~ S~LE ~ ~ '~ ~ ~ ' AND -- ~ ~ DEPTHS ~ FEET ~ ~ o ~ ~. ~ ~ ~ ~ o o :1500-1590 VR VR F R R F F R VR R R VR, F 1590-1680 VR R R R VR R 1680-1770 VR VR R ~ 1770-1860 VR VR VR R o 1860-1950 ~ m1950-2040 VR VR VR ~ o:2040-2130 VR VR R ~ ~m2130'2220 R ~ 2220-2310 VR VR VR VR ~.~2310-2400 VR ~ .~ ~ ~2400-2490 VR ~ ~ m2490-2580 VR VR R R VR R ~ .~ 2580-2670 VR R VR ~ ~2670,2760 R R .~, g: 2760-2850 VR VR VR R ~ ~2850-294~ VR VR VR R F VR ~ ~2940-3030 VR ~ 3030-3120 ~ 3120-3210 VR VR 3210-3300 VR VR 3300-3390 VR VR VR 3390-3480 VR m 3480-3570 VR VR ~ ....~ 3570-3660 VR VR R R VR F R VR 3660.3750 VR VR F R R F F R R VR VR F R VR' R VR - ~ ~ 3750-3840 F R F F F R R R R F R VR VR VR VR VR VR VR :~ 3840-3930 R R F R R VR VR VR F VR VR ~.~3930-4020 VR R R F F F VR VR F R VR VR VR VR VR VR ~ 4020-4110 R VR VR VR R 4110-42O0 VR m ~ 4200-4290 VR ~ ~ 4290-4380 VR VR VR VR ~ ~ ~ 4380-4470 VR '~ ~ m 4470-4560 R R F F RR F R VR VR ~.2 4560-4650 F R F F F R R R C R VR R R VR VR VR R VR ~ 4650-4740 VR FF F F F R VR VR R F F VR VR VR VR VR ~ ~ 4740-4830 R R VR F VR VR R VR VR VR ~ ~ 4830-4920 VR VR' ~ 4920-5010 R R ~ 5010-5100 VR VR 5100-5150 F R F VR R VR R VR F R VR VR VR VR VR VR VR VR VR VA : very abundant A : abundant C : common F : frequent Interpreted by : J. H. Newell Date : October 2, 1975 R : rare VR: one specimen REFERENCES Koizumi, I., in Creager, J. S., Scholl, D. W., et al., 1973, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol. XIX, pp. 805-855. Schrader, H., in Kulm, L. D., yon Huene, R. et al., 1973, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol. XVIII, pp. 673-797. ~__I G____U. ~_ ~ __ ~_: ]__.a_ J C.O.S.T. No. 1 11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite G Gulf of Alaska San Diego, California 92121 ~ ENDOSKELETAL ~ SILICOFLAGELLATES RADIOLARIA ~-- DINOFLAGELLATES o DITCH SERIES ~ ~ ~ SAMPLE N AND ~ ~ z DEPTHS SUBSERIES ~ ~ FEET ~ '~ '~ '~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ '~ ~ ~~ 0 1500 - 1590 VR R R F R F-C R 1590 - 1680 VR R F R F-C 1680 - 1770 1770 - 1860 1860 - 1950 1950 ~ 2040 2040 - 2130 2130 - 2220 VR 2220 - 2310 2310 - 2400 ~ 2400 - 249O ~ ~ 2490 - 2580 F VR VR F R ~ 2580 - 2670 2670 - 2760 ~ ~ 2760 - 2850 F VR F R ~ ~ ~ 2850 - 2940 VR R VR F R R · z ~ m 2940 - 3030 VR VR ~ ~o 3030 - 3120 ~ ~N , u .~ 3120 - 3210 o ~ u 3210 - 3300 0 3300 - 3390 VR 3390 - 3480 3480 - 3570 3570 - 3660 VR VR VR C F VR R 3660 - 3750 VR VR VR F VR 3750 - 3840 VR VR F R F C F VR F R VR 3840 - 3930 VR VR VR F R VR R 3930 - 4020 F R VR R R F R VR 4O20 - 4110 4110 - 4200 , , 4200 - 4290 m 4290 - 4380 ~ 4380 - 4470 ~ 4470 - 4560 VR F R R C C F R 'E ' - - 4560 - 4650 VR R VR F-C R F C C VR F R VR 'm m 4650 - 4740 R VR R R R F R VR R R R VR i~ ~m 4740 - 4830 R VR VR F R VR VR ~ ~ 4830 - 4920 ~ ON 4920 - 5010 ~§ 5010 ' 5]00 5100- 5150 VR VR R VR R R VR VR ,,, VA : very abundant C : common R : rare Interpreted by : J. H. Newell A : abundant F : frequent VR: one specimen Date : October 2, 1975 REFERENCES Bukry, D., in Kennett, J. P., Houtz, R. E., 1975, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol. XXIX, pp. 845-871. Ling, H. Y., in Creager, J. S., Scholl, D. W., et al., 1973, Init. Reports D.S.D.P., Vol. XIX, pp. 751-775. FIGURE S - 1 b 8O · . ~A~L~ ~RILLI~G RE?O~T - SOUT~ ALAS~ DI$~IC~ Tight Hole Report No. 68 October 10, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 - "FINAL REPORT" Jumped divers & shackled slings & failed to pull temporary guide base & failed to get stinger in guide base. Pulled 170,000# & sheared (4) lugs off guide base. WO orders to cease efforts to retrieve guide base. Pulled. all anchors. Ship sailed for Seward ~ 1 AM 1.0/10/75. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 10, 1975 . :ONFIDe'NTIAL DAILY DRILLIi~[G REPORT - SOUTH AL.ASK~A DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 67 October 9, 1975 RIG DAYS 79 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well No. 1 Removed 30" csg f/perm base plate; recovered 37.' of 30" csg. Ran "J" retrieving tool for temporary base plate; failed to latch due to cocked base plate. Ran slings on DP; jomped dj'v-ers to tie -slings. Aborted dive. (Diver experienced dizziness & difficulty breathing). 7 hrs WO divers to decompress. Weather: swells 3' h8°F waves nil, wind SW ~ 8, pitch 2° roll 3° Forecast: Same as prevailing weather. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 9, 1975 Oc'bobu~' 8, 197':., 78 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well No. 1 (13-3/8" csg, G 5070') 5150' TT) 657' T'BD Crr..'t · '~ ' ~ i ~,.. L, .,. ' ' '~" ' ~ . ........~ . "' ._ divers & la'bched & ret:oyez'od fish. UiH w/usg shoL & ,:_U 'z'e':~'Leving tool Screwed into - '~ Shot 20 & lq-.s/d") ~,'e=_~ head. off csg (30" " ~ ' · ~ ~ ~;' & 13-3/8" heads. (20" recovery: ~ 621' RKB POH & recox~e=e~ 20" 1 complete jt 33' long; jumped a box). Made trip w/Be)" retrieving too] & recovered ~ head, 4 post ~ermanent base plate &: ?io. 4 & 2 guidelines. (Max pul= 270,000#). Weather: 54°F, cldy, vis 10, wind ~',i-W ~ 10-].2, swel].s 6' 'pitch -~o :roll 1°. '~, eat ..... Forecast: Same as prevailing T ,- ~-,.. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE ~ ALASKA October 8, !975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALAS?U~ DIo~.hlCr Tight Hole Report No. ~ October 7, 1975 RIG 77 (;OA - C.O .... S.T. Well !,,o '~ (l_~-3lO' c:s,S ~ ..,.j'-r':O' );. 5150' TD, 653' PBD Cmt. Ran DP elevs on slin~s to 5" DP. Failed 'to latch fish. POH. Reran elevs & tugger line for divers. Ran DP guideline & knocked tugger line off elevs. POH, RU new tugger line & WIH. Jumped divers; diver started to latch fish~ aborted dive. Surfaced divers. WO new divers. Note: Diver experienced loss of equilibrium & dizziness. Weather: 50°F, clear: vis 10 mi, wind SW ~ 5-10, waves nil, swells 3-1/2' pitch 1/2° roll 1-1/2° Forecast' Same as prevailing weather. ATL&NT!C RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHOP3.GE, ALASF~A October 7, 1-975 RIG DAYS 76 DAILY DRILI,I[',~G RE~ 0~.~ - SOUTH Ar t, etr^ Diemt~To,~, 'fS. ght Hole Report No. 64 October 6, 197~ GOA - C.O.S.T. Well //1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 52.50' ~I'n 653' ~ PO,'-; ,% T,D DCs & bit * - a.· w/'~D~['~'' c~. Shot on ~0" pulli~ tool~ l~tch,d pullin~ tool & b~c~ed o~ DP 3 joi~ts ~bo~e 20" w,lZ he~d. Weather- 50°F, elear, vis 35 mi wind NE ~ 6 waves nil swells 3-~' pitch 0° roll 2° ' ' ' Forecast: Same as prevailing weather. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHOP~qGE, ALASY~ Oetober 6, 1975 RIG DAYS 75 DAILY DRILI, Ii~c- REPORT SOU'.Pti ALASKA TIGHT HOLE REPORT ?:0. October 5, ].975 GOA - C 0 S T. Well #1 ...... ~...:, csg ~ 5eYe') Jurrm~d i:,~,~rs e -~':,'~'-~,-~ '-i:,:--'. .... .0~ choke hung s:~i~ dU. W:[il-w/ope: enle:_ DP & found hard cmt. Top ¢ 653' & tstd w/15,000# wt. P0H & )iO;.i ! hr. WIH w/Baker Model "K" retainer P~ hung up s~ae ~ 6z¢' POH & strapped in hole without b~per subs & found -~-"~ -- ~ . re=c .... e~ s 600' WIt-I w/bit & drilled & pushed retainer to 65t'. Weather: 56°F, vis 20 mi, wind E ~ 16, swells 9' pitch 2-1/2° roll 3° ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO?,~Y ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 5, 1975 DAILY DRILLING EEt~ORT - SOUTH AI,ASF~% DISTRICT TIGitT HOLE RE'I-~ORT NO. 62 October IL, 1975 RIG DAYS GOA - C.O.S.T. Well ~/1 (13-3/5" ess ~ 5070') ~: freed :/~ g~.u[d:f[i~e f,: ins-~,all, el TV ]inc:. Ran .riser ~ Nipple up slip joint. ~-3/~ hfs WOW. Positioned ship. Weather' 56°F clear, vis 20 mi, wind N ~ 16, swells 8' pitch 2° roll 3°. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 4, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 61 October 3, -].975 RIG DAYS 73 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well No. 1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0'), 651' PBD Cmt POH & LD slip jv secured ~'or weather. 5-1/2 hfs WOW. Finnish pulling riser & upper pkg, found pod hose bad, repaired same, while WOW RU & jumped divers to 427'. Had electrical failure in bell wire; surfaced divers & repairing bell wire. Weather: 55°F, overcast, vis 15 mi, winds ESE ~ 22, swell 12', pitch 1°, roll 2°. Forecast: Winds ESE 25-35, seas 5-12' swells 8-10' ATLANTIC RICHFIELD C01tPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 3, 1975 DALLY DRILLING REPOR'~ - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 60 October 2, 1975 RIG DAYS 72 - C.0.S.T. Well #1 (1B-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0'), 651' PBD Cmt. 2 hfs WOW. Position ship over hole. Ran TV & inspected sub sea equip. Off loaded equip. Moved ship, attempting to free tangled guidelines. Made observation dive. Guidelines 1, 3 & ~ clear; No. 2 GL twisted around lower package. Ran riser & slip joint. Positioning ship to latch BOPs. Weather: 51°F, cldy vis 1/2 mi wind E ~ 35, swells 0' pitch' 1/2°, roll 1°. ' ' ' ' Forecast: Moderate storm approaching by mid-day. ATLANTIC RIChTIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 2, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT SOUTH ALASKJ1 I r - D S Y. RICT Tight Hole Report No. 59 October 1, 1975 RIG DAYS 71 OOA - C.O.S.T. Well No. 1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 50YO') 5t50' (0'), 65~' ?BD Cmt 24 hfs WOW Att ~ -~ - . emp~_d ~o un!o~d slip joint ~ 9 PM, ~ailed due to weather; no'~z attempting second trial. Weather: 48°F, cldy, vis 10 mi wind SW ~ 10, swells 7-12' roll 2_4°' ' Forecast: Winds ~5-70 w/seas 15-22' after midnite. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA October 1, 1975 RIG DAYS 7O DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report ~.!o. 58 September.~70, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. ~'~ . .~ 5150' (o'), 65!' P~D c~ W.O. slip jt. Arrived ~ rig ~ 1 PM. LD 2 jts of riser. W.O.W, & gen rig maintenance. Note: Rig rolling badly for 24 hfs due to ground swells. Roll 6° - 18°. Weather: 51°F, cldy w/rain, wind ESE 34 mi, vis 10, swells 9', waves 2-1/2~ pitch t° roll 6° Forecast: Winds ESE 45-65, waves 12-14' by mid afternoon. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD C0~IPANY B2[CHORAGE, ALASKA September 30, 1975 DAILY DRILLINg. i{EPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report ~1o. 57 September 29, 1975 RIG DAYS 69 · 1 GOA C.O.$.T. Well No 1 ( 3-3/8 csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0') , 65]_.' PBD Cmt. C~'en~. rlg' mainten~.nce, "n'~O .... ~:~w. sliD_ j.o~.n~' '- ~.. ~a..~c ~'{ fication in /',.nchora~.:~ . ~ - ~ · ~ Rewired section of control panel Hung t-~ew 6~,md~mn= sc Slipped all tensioner lines. Moving vessel 300' over hole. ~a~her.'~ * ' 5t°F, cldy, vis 15 mi, wind ESE ~ 11, waves 2', swells 7-12' pitch 1° roll 7-10° Forecast: 35-45 mi winds increasing to 85 mi by midnite Tuesday. ATL~[TIC RICHFIELD CO~,~ANY A~ICHORAGE, September 29, 1975 DAILY DRILLIi.,~ REPORT - SOUTH ALASKAD±S,_RICT-'~' ~ Tight Ho].e Report No. 56 September 28, 1975 RIG DAYS 68 G0A - C.O.S.T. Well No. I (13~3/8" csS ~ 5070') 5150' (0'), 651' PBD Cmt. Finish WOW. Nr--,.~r~.,,':~ diverter ~: s.i~ joint '~,~'L!~d z'~s,.~r f.: ur~;~er pkg & secured on skate, inspected ball joint (negligibie wear). Repacked tensioner, ~,.IO new slip joint. Weather: 53°F, cldy, vis 10, wind SE 25, waves 2 ft, swells 6-1/2'. ATLA2~TIC RICHFIELD CO~-~PANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 28, 1975 RIG DAYS DAILY D ~' ~ h~J.JLING REPORT _ SOUT}f ALASKA DISTR]JC'j., Tight Hole Report l'~o. 5~ September 27, 26~'~5 67 GOA - C 0 S.T ~.~,,~ · ' · ,~-~ No. 1 (13-3/8" esg ~ 5070' ~5o' (o,) ~., p~ ~.~ ) ~ ~i~. , ~; h~'s -waic on ~'re:-~.~he~. Lost taaintenanee. Preparing 2o pu2~ riser. Weather. Temp 51o, vis 5 mi, wind E 58-65, waves 15-i~'. ATLA2'~TIC RZCHFIE - LD CO,~PANy A2'iCH0 RAGE, ALASKA September 27, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH AI_,A,m,~/ DISTRICT Tight Hole Report. No. 54 September 26, ].9'[5 RIG DAYS 66 - C.O.S.T. ;eLL No. i (13-3/8" csc ~ 5O7O') 5150' (0') - WOC a. 8 hrs. 6 hrs WOW & gen rig maintenance. Inspected & reran wear- bushing (negligible wear). Released & hung off upper package; 1-1/2" sling lines cut (due to rough weather) dropped riser bending slip it. Experienced ]-05 mph winds w/25' seas. Weather: 53°F, overcast, vis h mi, wind ESE 50-80, waves 25'. Forecast: 30-40 mi winds w/12-14' seas thru Friday night. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, fkLAStG~ September 26, 1975 RIG DAYS 65 DAILY DRIi,LING REPORTooOiJr.~.[h- ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 53 September 25, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 515o' (o') - , opO , oq0' f~ opo' failed to hold .... ~':' round trip for new RTTS, s~ smme 2 650', failed to hold. Made round trip for (8) 7-B/4" drill collars for additional ~t on RTTS. Set RTTS ~ 650', failed to hold w/1500 psi. Apparent csg hanger seal leaking. Made trip for open end drill pipe & completed Braiden head squeeze: BP 900fi, 4 BPM ~ 6001/, 50 B caustic wtr preflush, 1200 sx "G" cmt w/3% CaCi. Final press 100~. Rev'd trace cmt. CIP ~ 12:10 ~d. Washed stack & WOC. weather: Temp 54°, cldy, vis 1 mi, wind ESE ~ 8, waves 3' SE. Forecast: Winds ESE 40-65 mph, !6-18' seas by evening Thursday. - ATL~,~TIC RICHFIELD C0~,~ANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 25, 1975 · , 5:t50' (0') - .l. - .-[ .... f · · Se-I. }~,:.i_'-"-.£'S fool. (! .;¢po' (J"O tool (~ 3.21o'), ;l(r'css hq:Id 0}( Set ]'_11o (2 750' ~'-TI)cos~' 1'~ 'bo 'I)~Ur) pa.j r .,. ,If~ .. ar,~u].us .....& I~umpc. d :in ,'~ !'].0O ..~"z't; ~l_ .[,.-~.,'4'°'~ (:J [~00 p~-;:i. . ~,.l.~,;I.'" to 2~0' - .psi/ 702' Ran cs; roller & .Polled 702-703' Reran l)4ff j-unk ~ )4497'. Weather: Winds SE ~ 15, temp 54°, vis 5 m:;,..~ cl'Jy, .sicellx nil. f ~ AYI_,A~,~TIC RICHFIELD COMPANY September 2l~, ]-975 RIG DAYS 63 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASF~A DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 51 September 23, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0') - Testing Casing Made ~ runs w/il-l/2" magnet & recovered 47# of csg debris. (Total 8 magnet runs w/74# recovery.) Recovered irregular shaped pieces of 13-3/8" csg up to 9" x 6". Recovered 14# of small pieces only on last magnet run. Ran 12-1/4" csg roller & rolled csg f/690-722' w/only slight indication of bad csg f/702-708'. RIH w/roller to 4490' w/no tight spots. RIH & set Howco 13-3/8" RTTS pkr ~ 650'. Press up on 13-3/8" x DP annulus & tstd 13-3/8" packoff & csg above 650' w/1500 psi. Held 5 min OK. Pumped 2 bbls down DP w/250 psi. Attempted to reset pkr between 750' & 789'. Could not get pkr to hold. Weather: Winds f/NE ~ 3, temp 53°, vis 15 mi & clear, seas calm, swells 4' f/SSW ~ 7 sec, pitch & roll 1/2°. Forecast: Winds increasing to 40 mph gusting to 50 w/seas increasing to 12-16' w/ocnl 20' by late Tuesday 9-23-75 & continuing thru Wednesday. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD. :CO~ANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 23, 1975 RIG DAYS 62 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALAS!O\ DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 50 September 22, 1975 GOA - C.0.S.T..Well #1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0') - RIH w/Magnet FOH ~ pkr. Lost pkr top slip ?~'~rlner ....... r~-'~.~ ~,.~- one sl~ blo,~,~ -in screws sheared off. Made 4 runs w/il-i/2" magnet & recovered 27P of csg debris ~P to 6" x 5" in size and approx 2/3 of pkr slip retainer ring. Magnet setting down ~ 702-708' RIH but OK POH. Weather: Winds f/ESE ~ 12, temp 56°, vis 3 mi & cldy, seas 4' & swells 4' f/S ~ 7 sec, pitch 1-1/2°,.roll 3°, heave 2'. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CON.ANY ANCHOPc%OE, ALASKA September 22, 1975 DAILY ~-~LLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DI '{ICT Tight Hole Report //49 September 21, 1975 RIG DAYS 61 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well //1 (13-3/8' csg ~ 50'[0') 5150' (0') - POH w/Test Packer Finished running Eastman Gyro directional survey inside 13-.~/8" .~.z~ ,,<~ I~4¢'~7' to r',ud line WOW 5 hfs SIH w,lll-]/2" on l'[~er hookup. ,~ ..... u~-,-~ . · ...... 4497' 0~. ~rld on jmn~ l-Z/2 hfs ~ 4497' w/no prosress. Closed bag preventer & press csg to 700 psi'. BD & p~ped away ~ 500 psi flor 1 min. J~ped divers & re-established ~1 main guide l~ne.. RIH a set Howco 13-3/8" RTTS pkr ~ 616' (13-3/8" hgr ~ 590')' Press up on 13-3/8" ~ DP annulus a tstd 13-3/8" packoff to 800 psi for 5 min OK. l~eset pkr ~ 716'. Press up w/fluid leaking -~ .. ~," l,v~ ~./t? ~,-' around pkr ~,~,' · Weather: Winds f/E ~ 22, temp 55°, vis 4 w/rain, seas 7 & swell 13' f/E ~ 7 sec, ~)itch 2° roll 4° heave 3'- ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 21, 1975 DAILY - LLING REPORT SOUTH AL~:.~,~-~ DI ~ICT Tight Hole Report No. L~ Septe~e'r 20, 1975 RiG DAYS 60 GOA - C.O.S.T. //1 (13-3/8" csg ~ 5070') 5150' (0') - Running Gyro Directions,].' Survey RIH w/wash sub. Washed out well head & csg to 702'. Circ out cmt l~[~ ~ stringers. Could not wash below 702'. Ran bit guide. RIH w/12-1/4"hrs. . " o ~ Interval d~ d h~.?d ~,? ~.v~ %oI'aue. C~'o oui~ so~a,u, orr_~ cru%--;iLq~.3. }[o~=~r~A~_ ~...,~r,~_.~ of ~ '~" in mud returns (had magnet in e'~ow '-'- m~n~) Bit fell ~hru free ,~ ~. ~x - _ . 708'. PU & worked thru interval f/702-708' several times (wt indicator flickers w/slight rotation of DP as lower bit thru interval.) FIH to top of cmt { 4497'. Bit took slt wt ~ 1203' & 3630'. Drld on junk 1 ~ 4h97' w/no progress. POH w/bit. Bit showed signs of drlg on j~k. Pulled bit guide & 13-3/8" seal assy. , Ran & set new 13-3/8" seal assy. Tstd seal w/3000 psi, OK. Tstd BOP r~s w/3000 psi & bag preventers w/2500 psi, all 0K. Press up on 13-3/8" csg against shear r~s to 1500 psi & held OK. Inc press to 2800 psi. Press broke back.to 600 psi. Pt~ped into csg ~ 14 cf/m ~ 600 psi. SD p~.p. Press held ~ 500 p~i. Weather: Winds f/E ~ 36, temp 54o, vis 6 mi & c].dy, seas 7' & swells 10' f/E ~ 5 sec, pitch 2° roll 2-1/2° heave 4' ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE ~ ALASKA September 20, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #47 September 19, 1975 RIG DAYS 59 G0A - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (13-3/8" esg @ 3892') 5150' (0') - RD Schlumberger WOW 13-1/2 hr (total 25-1/4 hr this storm). Tstd choke & kill manifold & surface equipment to 5000 psi OK while WOW. Attempted to latch riser too early & broke #1 main guide line (#2 guide line out & #3 stranded.) Waited for seas to sUbside & latched riser. Tested choke & kill lines on stack to 5000 psi OK. RIH w/wash sub. Displaced riser w/mud & washed out well head. RIH w/13-3/8" seal assembly. Seal hung up in ball it. Moved drill ship & worked seal thru. Landed & tstd seal assy. Could not get ~ seal to hold. SIH w/Eastman Gyro on Schl WL. Gyro stopped ~ .... Y~ 620' RKB (hgr ~ 590'). POH. Recovered approx 3/4 of rubber seal off seal assy on Gyro stabilizers. Weather: Winds f/ESE ~ 7, temp 58°, vis 10 mi, seas calm, swells 6' (ocnl 10') f/SW ~ 7 sec, pitch & roll 1.5°, heave 4'. Forecast: Storm front moving into area f/SW w/winds increasing to 45-50 mph & seas to 10-12' (ocnl 15') by 6 PM Friday 9-19-75 & continuing thru Saturday. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 19, 1975 RIG DAYS 58 DAILY ~-'%.LLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA Tight Hole Report #46 September ]_8, 1975 - C.O.S.T. WeZ]_ ~l (13-3/8" esg e 5070') 5150' (0') - Completed running 115 its (h1~80') 13-3/8" 72# N-80 ,~ 68# K-55 Bu,.~ cs~ w/Howco differential ~ ~ ] ~, -~/;o~, .-, · FO ~ 4993', ?.0. em'ct ~ 1215', esg hgr ~ 590'. Used 60 B~t,[ ~r~..~ .... centralizers spaced in middle o£ btm 6 ~¢s & ~l~ern~te colla,~s to m~d line. Thrd locked btm 6 ~ts, shoe & collar. ~anded esg on 13-3/8" running ~ool& 5" ~7,'~P w/B~ sub-sea entg tools. Cite esg w/mud & p~sped 20 bbls fresh vrtr preflush. Ba cmt6 w/2500 sz (1,850 el) "G'~ em~ mixe~ ~ 12.8 ppg w/2.5~ prehydrgte~ gel eh& OgOl2 £ollo~ed w/~O0 s× (460 cf) "O" emt& mixed ~ 15.8 ppg ~/3/~ ~31 £rie~ion reducer. Rsn Ba sub-sea top & btm Displaced w/mud w/rig pump. M~x press 1900 psi. Under displaced %op plug by es%im~ted ~50' due ~o weg%her.(Unforecest wegther moved in¢o loca%ion ~hile running esg. ~ea%her de¢ori~%ed creating hazardous operating conditions.) C±re 10+ bbls'emt contaminated mud to sur£aee. Had 100~ re¢~rn during cm~ ~ob. ~ 3 PM 9-1Y-YS. Floats held OK. ~elegsed running ¢ooI. ~[gshed ou% ~ell head, BOP st~ek & riser w/see water. Cite ou¢ 120+ bbls cst eon-tfumina%ed mud above well heed. Shu% down 1-1/~ hr for rig rep~iPs due to power £~il~re on engine cooling £8ns (engine over- hag%ina). POH. Diseonnec%ed & hung off riser. ~gx weather rptd gs 85 mph winds, 25' waves, 20' he~ve, pitch 5°, roll 5°. Max surge o£ 300 KIP on #9 & #10 anchors. WOO & WOW 11-3/~ hrs. Weather: Wind f/ESE ~ 32, vis ! mi & rain, seas 10' f/ESE 6 sec, pitch 5°, roll 5°. Forecast: Improving slightly early Friday 9-19-75 w/storm front moving back in Saturday. AT.LAI,~IC RIC~L~iELD COMPANY [~[CHORAGE, AL&SYJ1 September 18, 1975 RIG DAYS DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report No. 45 September 17, 1975 57 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well No. 1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - R~H w/13-3/8" csg ~ 3892' - MW 9.9#, Vis 62, WL 6.O Completed UR 15" hole to 18" f/4996-5150' (154') in 3-1/4 hrs. Circ& cond mud for csg. POH. RU & SIH w/13-3/8" csg. Weather: Wind f/ESE ~ 30, temp 53°, vis 5 mi & cldy, seas 2' & swells 3' f/ESE ~ 8 sec, pitch 1°, roll 2°. Forecast: Increasing winds to 45 mph, gusting to 60+ & seas to 16' w/ocnl 24' by late afternoon 9-17-75. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 17, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #44 September 16, 1975 RIG DAYS 56 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Underreaming ~ 4996' - MW 9.8#, Vis 58, WL 6.4 UR 15" hole to 18" f/3812-4996' (1184') in ]_8-1/4 hrs w/trip to chg cutters ~ 4528'. Weather: Wind f/SSE ~ 6, temp 53°, vis 15 mi & cldy, seas calm, swells 2' f/SSE ~ 6 sec, pitch 1/2°, roll 2°. Forecast: Little chg next 48 hrs. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 16, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT- SOUTII AI_~SKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #43 September ]-5, 1975 RIG DAYS 55 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg Q 1473') 5150' (0') - _},~q~ 9.5#, Vis 52, WL 9.6 Finished round trip for underreamer. Reamed f/2774-2885'. Openerl hole f/2885-3314'. Added. 500' chain to. #8 anchor & tightened same. Opened hole f/3314-3750'. Made round trip for new underreamer (bearings completely destroyed, on underreamer). Underre~mmed 15" hole to 18" f/3750-.3812'. Weather: Temp 49°, overcast, vis 15 mi., wind N 8 mph, waves - nil. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 15, ]-975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT _ SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT T~ght Hole Report #42 September 14, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') ~t5o' (o') _ Mw 9.5#, Vis 51, wL 9.2 Connected upper package unit & tstd Choke & kill lines w/5000 psi Installed diverter & NU slip · Opened 12-1/~" aged in hole r HO & funetzon for 18" hole to 15" f/~429- e 3600-4~29,. underreamer. 5150 '. Circulated clean & S0H Weather: Temp 53o, overcast, vis 4 mi. , Wind SE 6 mph, waves _ nil. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA SePtember 14, 1975 RIG DAYS DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH AI,ASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #41 September 13, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Jumped Divers & cleaned guideline ~ 50'. Ran TV & inspected BOPs - #3 guideline tangled freed same. Ran top package. Ran divers in bell & reran #2 guideline. Ran lock out dive & hooked up (2) TV lines & removed wireline from BOPs. Spliced 500' chain on #9 anchor & piggybacked same. Added 500' chain to #4 anchor. ~ather: Temp 53°, rain, vis 1/2 mi., wind E 40-50 mph, wave 3.9'. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 13, 1975 52 DAILY DRILLING ~,~PORT SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #40 September 12, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Hard Banded Wear Area in Ball Joint & Spherical BOP While waiting on weather. Repacked guideline & riser tensioners Preparing to make wet skin dive for TV & guidelines. · Weather: Temp 53 degrees, fog, Wind 6 mph, vis 1/4 mi, seas 1.4' ESE. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANy ANCHOR.GE, ALASKA September 12, 1975 RIG DAYS 51 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT September 11, 1975 Tight Hole Report #39 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Waiting on Weather While Making Minor Repairs POH & LD 50' riser. Jumped divers & failed to pull #3 & #4 guide lines. Recovered #3 & #4 guide lines. Lost #2 guide line. Weather: Winds SE 32 - 40 mph, temp 52°, fog, seas 10-15' SE. Forecast: 12-16' seas, wind 35-50 mph. Major storm moving toward rig area from Bristol Bay; ~ffecting rig area next 36-48 hrs. Atlantic Richfield Company Anchorage, Alaska September 11, 1975 DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #38 September 10, 1975 RIG DAYS 5O G0A - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Securing for Approaching Storm Repositioned ship 48' west of location & re-tensioned anchors. (#10 anchor had not slipped as previously reported.) RU guides & ran TV camera. Main guide lines #3 & #4 shown to be across pods on btm of riser. Cleaned up' main deck & made storm damage repairs. One section of oil boom destroyed. Anchor handling boat picked up #9 anchor & #9 piggy back anchor. Boat started picking up #9 anchor chain when rough weather hit in advance of approaching storm. (#9 chain broke w/400' remaining on drill ship.) Boat headed for sheltered water'dragging chain. Pulled riser to 300' & prepared for 300' work dive while working w/anchors. Jumped divers in diving bell. Recovered divers due to fouled lines. Moved drill ship 180' west of location & turned ship into weather. Rig communications of poor quality & unreliable due to weather. Weather: Winds f/SE ~ 40, temp 51°, vis 15 mi, combined seas 10-12' f/SE. Forecast: For increasing winds & seas. Major storm moving into area f/sm ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 10, 1975 RIG DAYS DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight hole Report #37 / · September· 9", ~"i975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Repositioning Drill Ship Over Location After Storm Correct rpt #36: OH f/12-1/4" to 15" f/4305-4429' (124') in 1 hr prior to-POH for unexpected weather. Hung off riser. Rotated ship & secured for weather. Storm hit location w/winds f/ESE ~ 65-80 mph gusting to 90. Max combined seas recorded by wave rider buoy 60.4' ~ 8 sec. Heave 22' max. Pitch 5° max. Roll 10° max. Moon pool deck awash w/10' water. Broke #9 anchor chain 30' f/winch. Tension in #10 mooring line surging regularly to 500,000#. #10 anchor slipped. Broke TV guide line & #t, 3 & 4 main guide lines. Ran engines ~ 75% power headed into storm to hold on location. Held position approx 100' west of location. Safety boat awash w/waves over bridge. Sent boat to sheltered water. Expect to be down 24-36 hrs rerunning anchors, re-establishing guide lines w/divers & cleaning up after storm. Weather: Winds f/W ~ 12, temp 50°, vis 20 mi & clear, seas 7' f/NW ~ 7 sec, pitch 3°, roll 2-1/2°. Forecast: Little change thru Wednesday w/major storm to southwest moving into area next 36 hrs. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 9, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #36 September 8, 1975 RIG DAYS 48 5150' (0') - POH for Weather - MW 9.7#, Vis 52 FIH w/18" underreamer & 15" pilot bit. OH f/12-1/4" to 15" & underreamed to 18" f/2428-2842' (414') in 7-1/4 hrs. Received storm warnings. Pulled into csg & hung off DP. Released H-4 riser connector .& hung off riser. Secured for weather in 2-1/2 hrs. WOW total of 20-3/4 hrs. Reconnected riser. Tripped for new underreamer. OH & UR 5/12-1/4" to 18" f/2842-2885' in 1-1/2 hrs. Underreamer torquing up & stalling out due to XS heave. Unable to continue underreaming due to weather. Tripped for 15" HO w/12-1/4" pilot bit. OH f/12-1/4" to 15" f/2885-3789' (90~ in 15 hrs. POH. Lost one cone off pilot bit. Reran HO. Drld on junk & OH f/3789-4305' (516') in 6 hrs. High winds hit location w/o warning. Weather: Winds f/E ~ 45 gusting to 60, temp 53°, vis 3 mi w/rain, seas 8' w/ocnl 12' f/E ~ 6 sec, swells 7'/ f/SSW ~ 7 sec. Forecast for high winds to continue w/seas to increase to 12' w/ocnl 20' for next 36 - 48 hrs. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 8, 1975 CONFIDENTIAL RIG DAYS 45 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT September 5, 1975 Tight Hole Report #35 OOA - C.0.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 5150' (0') - Underreaming ~ 2428' - ~ 9.5#, Vis 52, WL 11.4 OH f/2061-2093' w/15" bit. POH for underreamer. RIH w/Baker - Tri State Lockumatic KWA 10 underreamer dressed w/18" arms and w/15" pilot bit. Underreamed 15" hole to 18" f/1501-2093' & opened 12-1/4" hole to 15" and underreamed to 18" f/2093-2428' in 12-1/2 hrs. Tripped for new underreamer. Trip good. Weather: Winds f/ESE ~ 6, temp 53°, vis 5 mi & cldy, seas nil, swells 2' ~ 6 sec f/ESE. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 5, 1975 RIG DAYS 44 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #34 September 4, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg @ 1473') 5150' (0') - Opening Hole @ 2061' - MW 9.8#, Vis 51 Ran Schl Gamma Ray-Sonic, Density & Neutron Logs. Attempted to run Schl Long Spaced Sonic, tools failed. Ran Birdwell Velocity survey. Pulled wear bushing for inspection. Bushing cond OK - wear minimal. Reran wear bushing. RIH w/15" bit & OH f/12-1/4" to 15" f/1501-2061' (506') in 6 hrs. Max logged hole temp of 118© recorded 16 hrs after last circ. Weather: Winds f/E @ 9, temp 55°, vis 10 mi & cldy, seas nil, swells 3' @ 6 sec f/ESE. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 4, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT ~ SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT RIG DAYS Tight Hole Report #33 September 3, 1915 OOA _ C.O.S.T. ~'fell //1 - (20" csg ~ 5150' (41~,) _ Logging _ MW 10.0# Drld ].2-!/h." .hole f/4736-5!50, in 7-!/4 hrs. Circ, "~ade wiper trip to shoe Circ ~- ~ ' ~. cond hole for logs. POH Schl DIL :/Wire line TD 5150' to 1~73, · Survey: 1° ~ 5100'· We ather: Wind f/E ~ 30 temp 55° ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA , rain, seas 6' ~ 4 Sec f/E. September 3, 19,75 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #32 RIG DAYS September 2, 1975 42 G0A - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 4736' (566') - Drlg - MW 9.8#, Vis 27, WL 9.2 Drld 12-1/4" hole f/~170-~262'. Survey. Made round trip for bit #15 & found washout in Monel drill collar. Drld f/4262- ~736' w/wiper trip ~ 4705' (50,000# excess drag). Precautionary reamed 4200-4262'. Drlg in siltstone, sand ~& clay. Surveys: 4262' 1° S65W; 4705' 1° no dir. W~ather: Wind 8 mph, SE, cloudy, waves 2' , swells ~ ~ sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 2, 1975 DALLY DRILLING REPORT _ SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT ~'~ RIG DAYS T~ght Hole Report #31 41 September 1, 1975 GOA - C.-O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 4170' (1137') _ Drlg w/Bit #14 - MW 10.1#, Vis 57, WL 8.b Drld 12-1/4" hole f/3033-~70, in 17-1/4 hrs. Made 22 std Wiper t~ip ~ 3827' - hole Slick. Circulated btm samples out. Drlg in siltstone & clay. Surveys: 3396' 1_1/2° N57W; 3827' 1/2° S64W. Weather: Wind W 10 mph, cloudy, vis 9 sec, swells 3'. 10 miles, 53OF, waves - nil, ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANy ANCHORAGE, ALASKA September 1, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #30 RIG DAYS August 31, 1975 40 OOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 3033' (495') - Drlg - MW 9.5#, Vis 56, WL 10.2 FIH w/Bit #13. Drld 12-1/4" hole ff2538-2946' (408' in 11-1/4 hrs). Survey & bit trip & drlg w/bit #14 f/2946-3033' in 2-1/4 hrs. D~lg in sandstone, conglomerate & clay. Survey: 2928' 1/4° sgow. Weather: Wind E 7 mph, 68°F, vis 15-M overcast, waves - nil ~ 9 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 31, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #29 RIG DAYS August 30, 1975 39 GOA- C'~O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 2538' (456') - GIH w/Bit #13 - MW 9.5#, Vis 52, WL 3.6 Proved bad survey instrument ~ 2002'; valid survey @ 2082', l-l/2° N25W. Drld 12-1/4" hole f/2082-2538' in 12-1/4 hrs. Survey ~ 2394' 1/4° N57W. Drlg in sandstone & silt stone. Weather: Wind NW 6 mph, zero vis, fog, 53°F, waves - nil, swells' 1'/6 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 30, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #28 August 29, 1975 RIG DAYS 38 G0A - C.0.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 2082' (294') - Changing BHA to Straighten Hole - MW 9.1#, Vis 51, WL 11.2 POH w/Bit #10 (53' in 5 hfs, 100% dull). WIH w/button bit & drld 12-1/4" hole f/1788-2082' in 14-3/4 hrs. Survey ~ 2002' - 10+ degrees S76°W (not corrected). Previous survey 3-1/2° ~ 1453'. Hole cond good. Weather' Wind NE 5 mph, clear, vis 12, temp 55° , waves NE 1/2' swells SW 2 ft ~ 5 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 29, 1975 CONFIDENTIAL DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #27 August 28, 1975 RIG DAYS - ¢.O.S.T. Well #1 (2O" csg ~ 1473') 1788' (78') - Drilling - MW 8.8, Vis. 44, W.L. 23 P0H with bit #8 (4 hours for 6', bit 100% dull. WIH with new bit and drilled f/1711'-1735; bit 100% dull. Ran junk magnet to 1735' with no recoYery. (Bit showed junk marks.) WIH with button bit and drilled f/1735'-1788' in 3 hours - drilling in conglomerate. Weather: Wind 5 mph NE, clear, Vis 10, temp 53°F waves 1/2 ft., 5 wells 6' ~ 6 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY Anchorages Alaska August 28, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #26 RIG DAYS August 27, 1975 36 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1710' (59') - Drlg - MW 8.8#, Vis 54, WL 25 POH w/mill (ran ~-3/4 hrs) f/1649-t653'. Made rd trip for wtr bit. Drld f/1653-1705', 52'/8-1/2 hrs, T8-B5-I. Made .rd trip for WTR bit & drld f/1705-1710' for 2-3/4 hrs. Pulled & checked DP for excessive wear - found only minor scratches. Note: Drlg in conglomerate. Weather: Wind 4 mph, NNW, waves zero, swell 1-2' ~ 7 sec, Vis 5-10 miles, cloudy, temp 54°. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 27, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #25 RIG DAYS August 26, 1975 ~5 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1651' (13') - Milling w/Junk Mill - MW 9.0#, Vis 65 Opened 12-1/4" hole f/1583-1638'. Drld f/1638-1649' - 1-3/4 hrs. Bit running on junk. Made round trip for magnet & recovered approx 1 cup iron (pieces 1/8" to 3/4" dia). Ran Globe Junk basket & recovered one boulder approx 8" x 6" x 5" w/bskt shoe completely worn out. Ran junk mill & boot bskt & milled f/1649-1651' in 3 hrs. Weather: Wind 7 MPH, WSW, temp 54°, vis (fog), swell 1-2' WSW, wave s ni 1. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 26, 1975 ,/ CONFIDENTIAL DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #24 RIG DAYS August 25, 1975 34 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - Drilling Rat Hole Cmt ~ 1583' - MW 8.7 ppg, Vis 50 Pressure tstd cmt plug w/500 psi. Bled to 200 psi in 3 mins. Disconnected riser while repairing tensioner piston leak. Reconnected riser. WIH w/15" bit, found cmt ~ 1485' RKB, 12' -below 20" shoe. Retested 20" shoe w/sea water to 450 psi. Bled to 250 psi ~n--tO mi~, ...... ~v ~sd for 35 mln. (Mud wt equifalent '11.8 ppg.~)_~e~. ~pproved to drill U.S.G.S. representative on rig. Made round trip for 12-1/4" w/8.7 ppg mud. Drilled bit & monel/DC & BHA. Displaced hole rat hole /t f/1485-1583'. Weather: ~ind SW 10 mph, temp 58° F, ves 1 ft, period 6 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA vis 15 mi, cloudy, August 25, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #23 August 24, 1975 RIG DAYS 33 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - WOC 9 hrs - Seawater in hole Failed to pass wear bushing (15-1/4" ID) w/15" bit & 17-1/2" under reamer. WIH w/15" bit & 7-3/4" DCs. Drilled out cmt f/1446-1501' = 55' cmt. Drilled 1501-1511' (formation). Pulled 1 std. Ran bleed off tst: bled 200 to 100 psi/3 mins.; mud equivalent 9.8 ppg. WIH w/OEDP to 1430' & squeezed csg. shoe: BP 600# ~ 3 BPM, mixed 500 sxs w/4% CaC1, reversed 35 sxs ~ 1250', FP 200#. CIP ~ 9 PM. Weather: Wind SW ~ 5, temp 55°, vis 10 mi, overcast, waves - ripples, swells l' f/SW. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 24, 1975 RIG DAYS 32 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #22 August 23, 1975 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0'.) - GIH w/15" Bit & 17-1/2" Under REamer- Seawater 12 hrs- Raising air press on tensioners. Latched stack in place & retested Collet cplg w/mud to 1500 psi. Bled to 1200# in 15 min; no apparent leak on TV above mud line. Took (2) surveys in BOP's w/both confirming 5°. Installed diver~r & flowlines. Ran wear bushing. OK. & SIH w/bit & under reamer. Weather: Winds W 10 knots, temp 54°, vis 8 mi, swells 2'. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 23, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight 'Hole Report #21 RIG DAYS August 22, 1975 31 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - Prep to Reconnect Riser Repositioned ship over well head & landed' BOP stack. Ran Regan slope indicator (level) mounted on stack. Stack 4-1/2° off vertical (this will result in excessive wear to ball jt, well head & stack). Pressured below blind rams 3 times to 1500 psi to test Collet connector & 20" csg. Press bled off 300 psi in 15 min & continued to drop. Vetco riser tensioners began leaking. Could not support weight of riser. Disconnected H-4 connector & PU riser. Respaced tensioners. (Note: All tensioners had been inspected and serviced by Vetco rep since drilling last well.) Repaired tensioner. Rebuilding air pressure in riser tensioner accumulators. Tested #1 & #2 anchors. Anchor #2 piggy backed. Anchor #1 slipped ~ 120,000# & #2 slipped ~ 160,000#. Reran #1 & #2. (piggy backed) anchors. Weather: Winds NW ~ 6, temp 53°, ~is 10 mi & cloudy, seas & swells nil. Forecase', ltl chg. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 22, 1975 DALLY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT August 21, 1975 RIG DAYS 3O GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - Repositioning ship to land BOP stack. Worked 8 hrs to release, clean & repair Vetco H-4 riser connector. Function tested connector, OK. RIH w/16-3/4" 5000 psi Cameron triple "U", shaffer "LWS" shear, Hydril "GK" & Shaffer spherical BOP stack on new Vetco 18-5/8" riser & slip jt w/Vetco MR-4 riser connectors. Tested choke & kill lines to 5000 psi on each Jt as run. Piggy backed #3, #9 & #10 anchors. Weather: Wind ENE ~ 4, temp 55°, vis 15 mi & cloudy, seas 2 & swells 4-6 f/ESE, pitch l-l/2°, .roll l-l/2°. Heading 161°. Forecast, ltl chg. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 21, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #19 RIG DAYS August 20, 1975 29 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (20" csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - Prep to Run BOP Stack Circ 20" csg ~ 1473' w/sea water w/300 psi. Cmtd W/1475 sx (2610 cf) "G" cmt mixed ~ 13.5 ppg w/2.25% prehydrated gel, l#/bbl Mica & 4% CaC12 followed w/400 sx (460 cf) "G" cmt mixed ~ 15.8 ppg w/4% CaC12. Displaced cmt to 1425'~ w/sea water. CIP ~ 9:47 AM 8-19-75. Float held OK. Final press 350 psi. Circ 1500'~ cf gelled cmt to sea floor. Released 20" running tool. PU & washed out 20" wellhead w/sea water. Jumped divers & re-established #4 guide line & both TV lines. Repaired 4 leaking valves & tested choke & kill manifold w/5000 psi. Previously bench tested BOP stack. Positioned stack over moon pool. Function tested blue & yellow pods. PU first Jt of riser. Function tested Vetco H-4 riser connector. Connector will not release. RepaD~ing connector. Weather: Winds WSW ~ 12, temp 52°, vis 10 mi & cloudy, seas WSW ~ 2' , swells ESE ~ 8' , pitch 3/4°, roll 1°. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 20, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #18 RIG DAYS August 19, 1975 28 GOA - C.O=S.T. Well (20" Csg ~ 1473') 1638' (0') - Prep to Cmt 20" Csg WOW 5 hrs (19 hrs total). RIH w/26" bit & HO to 1496'. Hole ¢ond good w/no tight spots or ledges. CO 5' fill f/1496- 1501'. Spotted 100 bbls 8.7 ppg & 500 bbls 11.2 ppg mud on btm. POH to 1000' & spotted 100 bbls 11.2 ppg mud. FOH for 20" csg. RU & ran 22 its (888') 20" 133# K-55 Rg 3 Vetco L csg on 5" DP in 11-3/4 hrs. Landed Cameron 16-3/4" 5000 psi subsea well head in 30" housing. Top of head ~ 585' (17' above mud line). 20" csg shoe set ~ 1473'. Ran 2 20" centralizers. Pumped 300 bbls sea wtr ~ 1300 psi w/no returns prior to circ to mud line. Circ slowly w/sea wtr to displace mud. Ran & static test #1 anchor w/120,000#. Weather: Wind ESE ~ 30, temp 5h°, vis 2 mi w/rain, waves 3' & swells 10' f/ESE. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 19, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT-SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #17 August 18, 1975 RIG DAYS 27 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 1638' (0') - WOW FOH w/26" HO & 17-1/2" pilot bit. Worked thru tight spot f/717-700'. Pulled 100,000# net & broke back several times. Wiped out tight spot OK. Lost 2 HO cutters (14" dia) and pins in hole. Survey 2° ~ 1423'. RIH w/l!-l/2" magnet. Set down on ledge ~ 1303'. Rotated off OK & FIH. No fill on btm. Circ & worked magnet 1/2 hr on btm & POH. Recovered 1-1/4" x 4" strip of metal. Made second magnet run w/no recovery. Set down on ledge ~ 1303' as before. RIH w/26" HO w/26" pilot bit. Set down on ledge ~ 1303'. Rmd f/1302-1315' & wiped out ledge. Tools went down hole freely w/o rotating. FIH & drilled on junk 4 hfs ~ 1423' to break up cutters. Spotted 350 bbls viscous mud pill. POH. Recovered 4 pcs metal 1-1/4" x 4" long fouled in bit & HO. Ran magnet & recovered 1 pc (2#) junk 1-1/4" x 8" long. Tools passed.freely thru ledge interval ~ 1303' w/o setting down. Reran 26" bit & HO. Drld on junk 4 hrs ~ 1423' w/no progress. Opened 12-1/4" hole to 26" f/1423-1453' (30') in 1-1/2 hrs. Bit balled up. Spotted 350 bbls mud. POH. Survey 3-1/2° ~ 1453'. Cleaned badly balled bit & RIH. #4 guide line broke 100' above guide post. OH f/1453-1501'. Bit balled up. Pumped 350 bbls mud. SOH. Unforecast storm hit abruptly. FOH. WOW 14 hrs. Hole cond good. No fill, no ledges, no t~ght hole. Weather: Winds E ~ 40 gusting to~62 ~Ph,ctemp 53°, vis 1/2 w/rain, composite seas f/E 13'16~-6 se . ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 18, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #16 August 15, 1975 RIG DAYS 24 GOA - C.O.S.T. Well #1 (30" csg ~ 677') .1638' (0,) - P0~ OH w/26" HO & 17-1/2" pilot bit f/1185-1423' (,238') in 24 hrs. Hole streaked, drlg f/l' per hr min to 30' per hr m&x. Exceptionally rough drlg & hi torque f/1305-1315' indicating boulders. OH f/1420-1423' in 2.5 hrs. Hole sloughing. PU. Redrilled f/1420-1423' in 2.5. Tools running rough w/hi torque. Spotted 50-70 bbl viscous mud pills on all conn. While making conn ~ 1310", tools set down on ledge ~ 1303'. Rmd thru interval with no indication of ledge while rotating. Tools continued to set down on ledge when lowered w/o rotating but would rotate off OK. Weather: Winds ESE ~ 22, temp 56°, vis 2 mi w/rain, seas 2' & swells 8' f/ESE, pitch 1-1/4° & roll 1-1/2°. ATLANTiC RICHFIEL'D'COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 15, 1975 DAILY DRILLING RIG DAYS REPORT - SOUTH ALA KA ICT Tight Hole Report #1~ August 14, 1975 GOA C.O.S.T. Well #1 (30" csg ~ 677') 1638' (0') - Opening Hole ~ 1185' WOW 12 hfs (total 33-1/2 hrs). RIH w/26" HO & 12-1/2" pilot bit to 1042'. No fill. OH f/1042-1100' (58') in 4-1/4 hfs & f/il00-1185' (85') in 8 hrs. Hole streaked w/occasional high torque and rough slow drlg indicating boulder intervals. Parted remaining TV guide line. Weather: Winds ESE ~ 10, temp 56°, waves 2' & swells 6' f/ESE ~ 9 sec, vis 2 mi, pitch 2°, roll 2°. Forecast for 30-40 mi winds w/7' seas & 8' swells. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 14, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #14 August 13, 1975 RIG DAYS 22 G0A - C.O.S.T. Well #1 - (30" esg ~ 677') 1638' (0') - wow OH w/26" HO & 17-1/2" pilot bit f/992-1042' (50') in 2-1/2 hrs. Spotted 11.2 ppg gelled mud & POH to wait out weather. Weather conditions too rough to continue drilling operations. WOW 21-1/2 hrs. Parted one TV guide line. Weather: Winds ESE ~ 20-25, temp 55°, waves 4' ~ 8 sec, swell ESE 10' ~ 8 sec, vis 2 mi, pitch 3©, roll 2©, heave 4'. Forecast for 35-40 mi winds, seas 10-12' w/ocnl 15' & swells 8-12 thru 8/14. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 13, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #13 August 12, 1975 RIG DAYS 21 C.O.S.T. Well #~ 6 AN 8/12/75 1638' (0') - Opening hole ~ 992' - Sea Water FOH w/12-1/4" assembly. RIH w/26" hole opener & 17-1/2" pilot bit to 709'. OH f/12-1/4" to 26" f/709-765' (56') in 3 hrs, f/765-797' (32') in 3 hrS & f/797-992' (195') in 13-1/4 hrs. Spotted 50 bbl viscous gel pills on conn. Hole opening slow w/no sloughing rptd. Had fire in galley ~ 3 AM 8-12-75 w/substantial damage rpt to kitchen equip. Weather: Wind ESE ~ 25, temp 56° 4' , waves ~ 3 sec, swells 12-16' ~ 7 sec f/ESE, vis 1 mi w/fog, pitch 1.5°, roll 3°, heave 4' . Forecast for 40 mi winds, seas 10-15' & swells 12-16' for next 2 dayS. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 12, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #12 August 11, 1975 RIG DAYS 2O C.O.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 8/11/75 1638' (942') - P0H w/12-1/4" Bit - Sea Water Cire & washed 30" csg @ 677' for 3 hrs. Could not work pipe deeper than 677'. Ctmd 30" ~ 677' w/750 sx (1325 cf) "G" cmt w/4% CaC12 and mixed w/2.25% prehydrated gel mix water followed w/1200 sx (1375 cf) "G" cmt w/4% CaC12. TV showed cmt circ to surface after pumping 745 sx gel cmt. Released csg running tool & POH. CIP ~ 11:25 AM 8-8-75..Float held OK. B0" csg shoe set ~ 677.4' RKB, top of 30" csg ~ 586', 16' above mud line. Top of template ~ 598'. WOC 12 hrs. RIH w/26" bit to top of cmt ~ 640'. DO firm to hard cmt f/640-677', DO shoe & CO to 696' in 4 hrs. Drld 7' 26" hole f/696-703' in 3-1/4 hrs. Drld on boulders. Tools running rough, torqueing up & rotary table stalling- out. Tripped for 26" HO & 12-1/4" pilot bit.. Drld f/703-709" in 2 hrs & center punched hole. LD 26" HO. -'- RIH w/12-1/4" bit, near bit stabilizer, string stabilizer ~ BO' above bit & 9" DC's. Drld boulders f/709-711'. Drld pea gravel & sandy blue clay f/71!-744'. Plugged bit & btm stb. POH. Unplugged tools. RIH w/float & 12-1/4" BHA. Drld 12-1/4" hole f/744-1050' in 8-1/2 hrs, f/1050-1237' in 4-1/4 hrs & f/1237-1638' in 8 hrs. Spotted viscous gel pill on each conn. Surveys: 1050' - 2o; 1237' - 2-1/2°. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 11, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALAS~[A DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #11 August 8, 1975 RIG DAYS 17 C.O.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 8/8/75 696' (74') - Circ 30" csg ~ 677' WOC 12 hfs total. DO firm cmt f/609-622'. Drld B6" hole w/26" pilot bit & 36" HO f/622-696')(74' in 8 hrs. Tools rng rough w/hi torque. Gravel, cobble stones & boulders reported thru entire interval. Larger boulders w/higher torque & slower drlg reported f/689-696'. Hole began to slough. Spotted 60 bbls viscous mud pill on conn. Pumped 200 bbls 11.2 ppg viscous mud. Made wiper trip into 40" pipe. Tools hanging up on btm of 40" but pulled thru OK. Ran survey w/1° deviation ~ 695'. Spotted weighted mud & POH. Recovered 1/2" gravel & cobble stones up to 4" on top of HO. Started in hole w/2 jts (90.5) 30" csg w/l" wall. Hit bridge ~' 647' &circ csg down to 677' in 2 hrs. Weather: Wind SE ~ 8, temp 55° seas 8' ~ 4 sec f/SW, vis 4 w/rain, pitch 0~5°, roll l°, forecast for 40K winds & 10'+ seas. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 8, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #10 August 7, 1975 RIG DAYS 16 C.O.S.T'. Well #1 6 AM 8/7/75 Waiting on Cement Reran modified template and worked and soaked template 17' into mud bottom. Pinger indicated template 1.5° off center of hole. New RKB to mud level is 602'. Top of base plate 598'.. Water depth is 570'. TV indicated template level. Released running tool from template with extremely high torque required on surface tools. RIH w/26" pilot bit & 36" HO. Respud ~ 4:30 PM 8-6-75. CO mud f/602-619' & drilled 3' holders & hard fmtn to 622' in 2-3/4 hrs. Cmtd template thru HO w/500 sx "G" cmt w/4% CaC12 mixed w/sea water. CIP ~ 7:30 PM 8-6-75. PU &circ 40" pipe clean f/617'. TV showed cmt on top of template. Circ & washed thru jay slots in template & washed off top of template. P0H w/bit & HO. Recovered 4" dia granite cobble stone on HO. Picked up 30" housing jt & permanent base plate and checked for fit while WOC, OK. RIH w/26" bit & 36" HO. Weather: Wind SW ~ 6, temp 56°, Seas 4' ~ 4 sec f/SW, vis !0+, pitch 1° . , roll 1° ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 7, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #9 IG DAYS August 6, 1975 15 C.O.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 8/6/75 Rerunning Template Moved vessel approx 20' and reran modified Cameron template w/17' leg extensions. Worked & soaked template 18' into mud bottom. New RKB to mud level measurement is 603'. Water depth is 571'. TV indicated template is level. Unable to unJay running tool. Jumped divers in bell to make observation dive. Divers guide line kinked 40' off btm. Unable to lower diving bell to btm. Template appeared level to divers. Ran pinger on guide line to check ship position. Moved ship in attemp to level template & find free pt. Still unable to unjay running tool. Retrieved template & hung off in moon pool. Inspected jay tool & slots, OK. Diver shortened 40" throat extension on template 2'. Installed pinger. Weather: Wind 6 ~ 0°, temp 53°, seas 3' ~ 4 sec ~ 90°, vis 10, pitch 0.5, roll 0.5. 'ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ~ ANCHORAGE, ALASKA AugUst 6, 1975 // -CONFIDENTIAL DAILY RIG DAYS DRILLING REPOR~~3 '~Ol3T~' ~L%~KA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #8 August 5, 1975 14 C.O.S T. Well #1 6 AM 8/5/75 Prep to Rerun Template. Completed modification of Cameron template. Ran 36" HO Shru 40" pipe e.xtension on throat of template, OK. Ran template weighted w/approx 300 sx Barite on location #4. TemPlate modified w/13-3/8" x 17' leg extensions, 13-3/8" x 18' & 20' Pontoons and 18' diameter base extension. Worked template into sea floor approx 12'. TV picture indicated template leve$ but could not unjay. Jumped divers. Template was not setting level. Pulled template to check jay tool. Tool OK. Repositioned vessel to new location #5 ~ 134' and 272© from Permitted location. We'ather: Wind 6 ~ 130©, Temp 58©, Seas 2~ ~ 8 sec ~ 270©, Vis 0 in fog, Pitch 0.5, Roll 1. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 5, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #7 August 4, ]-975 RIG DAYS 13 C.O.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 8/4/75 Released #2 guide line f/template on location #3. Moved to location #4 ~ 284° and 42 meters (137') from permitted location (88' southwest of #3 location). Tested #4 & #7 anchor lines. Anchors slipped ~ 175,000# tension. Anchor #5 (piggy-backed) tested w/200,000#. Reran and piggy-backed '#7 & #4 anchors. Tested #7 to 150,000# & #4 to 125,000#. Letting anchors soak while completing modification of Cameron template. W~ather: Winds 8K, seas SW 2' ~ 4 sec, Roll 0, Pitch 0. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 4, 1975 DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #6 August 1, 1975 RIG DAYS C.O.S.T. Well ~1 6 AM 8/1/75 Reran template retrieving tool and reran 17-1/2" bit. Could not locate base plate. Tools setting down in mud. Repaired diving equipment and jumped divers in diving bell.. Divers positioned over template w/guide line. Divers could see guide line going into mud. Ran DC probe painted w/florescent paint 15' on one end. Probed entire area around guide line. DC would bury into mud over paint mark· Could not locate template. Have requested permission from U.S.G.S. to abandon template in place, move & respud. Modifying new Cameron base plate· Divers report they now have equipment working and have capability o£ making a lock-out work dive. Weather: Wind 3K, seas 2-3' ~ 5 sec Roll 1° Pitch 1° ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA August 1, 1975 RIG'DAYS DAILY DRILLING REPORt;' Tight Hole Report #5 July 31, 1975 C.O.S.T. ~Well #1 6 AM 7/31/75 819' (0') - Attempting to Realign #4 Guide Line RIH w/17-1/2" bit w/only #2 guide line attached to template. Set down on template but unable to work into hole. POH. Rigged up #4 guide line on weight & ran on guide frame. Ran TV camera. Camera failed. Could not get picture on TV. Reran template retrieving tool after rough seas subsided. Unable to locate template. Tools setting down in mud. Note: Diving equipment still inoperative. Unable to fly repair parts due to weather. Weather: Winds 18 knots w/4' seas ~ 9 sec Roll 2° Pitch 2° ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA July 31, 1975 RIG DAYS DAILY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTH ALASKA DISTRICT Tight Hole Report #4 July 30, 1975 819' (31') - RIH w/17-1/2" Bit - Sea Water Drld 17-1/2" hole f/764-819' in 6-1/2 hrs. Spotted 150 bbls Viscous mud pill. POH. (Drlg as reported f/mud line to 819': soft clay btm f/617-632'; firm to hard, good drlg f/632-712'; rough w/hi torque, drlg on boulders f/712-749'; firm, good drlg f/749-763'; rough w/hi torque, drlg on boulders f/763-780'; firm, good drlg f/780-819'.) RIH w/26" pilot bit & 36" HO. OH f/617-692' Spotted mud. PU for conn. Hole sloughed & filled in to g50'. Attempted to clean out w/no success. Lost #3 & #4 guide lines, both TV guide lines & diver line on temporary base plate. Only one remaining guide line attached. POH w/HO. RIH w/base plate retrieving tool in attemp to recover base plate.~ Unable to align "J" tool and retrieve base w/o guide lines. Winds 30-35 knots w/8-10' seas ~ 9 secs. Roll 3-1/2°. Pitch 2-1/2" Note: Divers unable to make work dive due to malfunctioning environmental control units on both decompression chambers. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA July 30, 1975 Tight hole Report RIG DAYS C.0.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 7-29-75 788' (76') - Drlg - Sea water Cleaned out sluffing fill f/705-712'. Drld 26" hole f/712-764' in 12-1/2 hrs. Spotted 200 bbl Visc,ous mud pill. POH. RIH w/17-1/2" bit. CO fill f/715-764'. Drld 17-1/2" hole f/764-788' in 5-1/2 hr. Wind 4 knots w/4-6' seas ~ 5 secs. , ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA July 29, 1975 DALLY DRILLING REPORT - SOUTti ALASKA DISTRICT Tight hole Report #2 July 28, 1975 RIG DAYS C.O.S.T. Well #1 6 AM 7-28-75 712' (95') - CO Sloughing Hole - Made observation dive w/diving bell. Unable to locate fish or old hole. Repositioned drill ship 20' for new hole. Modified temporary base plate w/4 12" x 12' legs & extended guide funnel on top. Set & checked base w/divers. Top of base stationary 1' above mud line. Water depth at new location is 585'. RKB to mud line measurement is now ~617'. RIH w/17-1/2" bit & 26" hole opener. Drld soft clay bottom f/617-632' in 1/2 hr. Drld & rmd firm to hard formation f/632-712' in 11 hrs. Spotted Viscous mud pill every 30'. Hole started sloughing & drilling rough' ~ 712'. POH w/17-1/2" bit &~26" HO. RIH w/26" bit. CO fill f/627-705' in 4-1/2 hrs. Lost #1 guide line on base plate. Base plate settled out of sight below mud line. Wind 6 knots w/2' seas ~ 7 sec. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY ANCHORAGE, ALASKA July 28, 1975 C.O.S.T. Drilling Report-'~1 CONFIDENTIAL assigned from Exxon to A,R.Co. 1330 hfs 1. Glomar Conception June 11, 1975 Singapore time. 2. Conception departed Singapore @ 1805 hfs June 21, 1975. 3. Conception arrived on location in Gulf of Alaska ~ 0430 hrs July 18, 1975. 4. Cleared Customs & Coast Guard @ 1400 hfs July 18, 1975. 5. Ran, set & tested eight point mooring system. 6. Landed Cameron temporary base plate on bottom ~ 602' RKB. TV camera showed base plate settled 4' in blue clay bottom and stabilized. Released running tool & POH. RIH w/bit. Unable to stab into base plate w/17-1/2" & 12-1/4" bits., Base plate settled below mud line. Unable to see base w/TV. Base settled unevenly - 15' on stbd side and 8' on port side. Sheared off guide lines. Abandoned temporary base plate in place. 7. Moved rig (drill ship) 20'. 8. RIH w/17-1/2" bit & 36" hole opener without base plate or guide structure. 9. Spud ~ 1545 hfs July 22, 1975. 10. RKB to water line RKB to mud line Water depth = 32' = 602' = 570' .11. Drilled 128' from 602-730' with seawater. Spotted viscous salt gel pills on..c6nnections. Encountered sloughing gravel & boulders f/710-730'. Unable to drill below 730'. Tools torqued up & spin loose. Backed off 5" DP ~ 177' RKB w/bit ~ 720'. Lost 543' fish in hole. 12. Made shallow observation dive to 182' RKB. Unable to locate fish. Ran TV on DP. Unable to locate fish or hole. TV camera has only 10 feet visibility. Ran TV on DP w/Jet sub. Scan bottom w/TV to 50' radius. Unable to locate fish or hole. 13. Preparing for deep observation dive. Waiting on weather. Seas to 18' reported w/55K winds gusting to 60K. James D. Keasler A.R. Co. , Anchorage July 25, 1975 HYDROCARBON SOURCE FACIES ANALYSIS C.O.S.T. NO. 1WELL GULF O F ALASKA PrePared for Participant Members Alaska C. O. S. T. Progr.m 1975 October, 1975 1143-C BRITTMORE ROAD, HOUSTON, TEXAS 77043 COMPANY PROPRIETARY HYDROCARBON SOURCE FACIES ANALYSIS C.O.S.T. NO. l WELL GULF OF ALASKA SUMMARY The stratigraphic section penetrated by the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska, over the gross interval 1501+ feet to 5040+ feet T.D. (abandoned), represents a single uniform depositional facies comprised predominantly of marine tillite and reworked igneous and metamorphic rocks. The entire interval has an immalure very poor oil and associated gas source character and has not generated any petroleum-related hydrocarbon in the local area of this well. The possibility of finding petroleum-related gas and/or liquids within any porous reservoir facies penetrated by this well is remote. As a consequence, the sedi- ments penetrated by the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska are rated as barren and n0nprospective for indigenous oil and gas accumulation. GEOCHEM LABORATORIE C. INTRODUCTION COHFIDENTIA[ This report summarizes the results of a detailed organic geochemical well study carried out on a suite of canned well cuttings collected over the gross well inter- val 1501+ feet to 5040+ feet T.D. (abandoned), in the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska. This well is the first in a multi-well operational service - research program of organic geochemical analyses, initiated by a consortium of major oil companies, to investigate: the quality, type (gas versus oil), state of thermal maturity and the areal and stratigraphic distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks within the Cenozoic rock sequence in the Offshore Gulf of Alaska. the crude oil-parent source rock relationships of any reservoir oil encountered in these wells as a means of determining whether or not these oils .have been sourced, and have been migrated from shales, contiguous to the reservoir traps, or, have. migrated from older and/or deeper hydrocarbon source shale beds. the local geochemical controls influencing hydrocarbon generation, hydrocarbon migration and reservoir hydrocarbon composition (source materials, thermal maturation, secondary thermal and non- thermal alterations etc. ) in the area of interest. Analytical One hundred and twenty (120) samples of well cuttings were collected fresh at the well-site at thirty (30) foot intervals over the gross well interval 1501+ feet to 5040+ feet T.D. (abandoned). The samples of cuttings were sealed in one (1) quart press-on lid cans with bactericide added to offset methane generation, and were received at GeoChem's Houston laboratories in excellent condition. No side-wall core samples were collected for this well due to the termination of drilling. On arrival at GeoChem's Houston based laboratory, this study was assigned the GeoChem Job No. 521-. Every other sample (samples at sixty (60) foot frequency) was logged in by a sequential number -00! through -060 in order of increasing depth. Each of the sixty (60) canned samples was analyzed for the C1-C7 hydrocarbon con- tent and composition of the air space gas and the gas liberated from the cuttings fol- lowing maceration in a blender. Following C1-C7 analysis, the cuttings were washed to remove drilling mud and placed under water in glass Mason jars prior to picking representative lithology samples for more detailed analysis. On the basis of the -2- CONFIOENTIA[ C1-C7 hydrocarbon well-profile (Tables I-A, I-B, I-C; Figure 1) and the detailed lithologieal examination of the cuttings (Table II; Figures 1, 2 and 3), a suite of twenty (20) representative picked lithology samples was chosen and each was analyzed for detailed C4-C7 gasoline-range hydrocarbon content and composition (Table III; Figure 2) and organic carbon content (Table II; Figure 3). Ten (10) screened and selected composite cuttings samples were chosen for C15+ soxhlet extraction, C15+ chromatographic separation (Tables IV-A, IV-B and IV-C; Figure 3), C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) analysis by gas chromatography (Table V; Figure 3), visual kerogen assessment (Table VI; Figure 3), and organic carbon analysis (Table II; Figure 3). A brief description of the standard analytical procedures used by GeoChem in this study is presented in Appendix A. Ail the analytical data obtained in this well study, whether used in the ultimate inter- pretation or not, is docUmented in the appropriate Tables I-VII of this report, for completeness, and to serve as a future reference with data from other wells in this study area. The results of the different geochemical analyses are presented in well-profile for- mat in Figure 1 (Screen Analysis), Figure 2 (Organic Facies and Oil-Parent Source Correlation Analysis), Figure 3 (Hydrocarbon Source Facies Analysis), Figure 4 (Hydrocarbon Quality Analysis) and Figure 5 (Interpretative Diagram). A litho per- eentage log, compiled from our gross lithological examination of the cuttings in each sample, is also reproduced on each Figure 1 through 3. No electrical well log was made available for this study nor for inclusion in the report. The gas chromato- graphic traces showing the molecular distribution of the C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) hydrocarbon are reproduced in Figure 4. In the Interpretation Diagram (Figure 5), shown for this study, an attempt has been made to compile all of the data shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 in such a manner that the interpretations are self evident. The total C1-C7 Itght hydrocarbon data is presented as a normalized percent distri- bution of C1 (methane), C2-C4 (~wet' gas) and C5-C7 (gasoline-range) hydrocarbon content. The detailed C4-C7 gasoline-range hydrocarbon data is also presented as a normalized percentage of compound types, % normal paraffins (NP), % isoparaffins (IP), % naphthenes (NA) and % aromatics (AR). Kerogen type and abundance is shown as a 'relative' estimated percent distribution and this data is shown in relation to the C15+ heavy hydrocarbon data which is expressed on a unit organic carbon basis, % P-N/% Corg (% paraffin-naphthene/% organic carbon) and % Total H. C. / % Corg (% total C15+ hydrocarbon/% organic carbon). COI eFI EHTIA[ The maturity of the organic matter is shown geochemically by the carbon pre- ference indices A and B (C, P.I. A and B) computed from the C. 5+ paraffin- naphthene (P-N) gas chromatographic traces (Table V; Figure 4~. Values greater than 1, 0 reflect immaturity with values approximating 1.0 (and C, P. I, A tending to equal the C. P.I. B)' reflecting ma~ri,ty. An additional set of all Figures is appended in a pocket at the rear of this report in order to aid the reader in cross referencing the text with the well-profile data illustrated, General Information Three (3) copies of this report have been forwarded to the authorized representa- tive for each company participating in this program. GeoChem retains one (1) report copy for reference purposes in discussions with any authorized company personnel on specific details of this well study. This well was identified to GeoChem as the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska. Atlantic Richfield Company was operator and C. O. S.T. Program co-ordinator was Mr. Wayne Estes, Atlantic Richfield Company. Atlantic Richfield Company also installed at GeoChem, a scrambled teletype system for transmission of data on a weekly basis to Arco's operation center in Anchor- age, Alaska, for subsequent disbursement to all participant members. All remaining used and unused picked and unpicked cuttings material will be stored at GeoChem until advised about their disposition. A set of glass microscope slides and a full suite of 35 mm. color slides exemplifying the type of kerogen analyzed in this study are available on request for examination by the program participants. The data, interpretations, sample 'materials and all other matters pertaining to this well study have been treated in a highly confidential manner and are considered pro- prietary to the participating program members. As each participant is aware, this well was abandoned at a T.D. of 5040i feet, far short of its originally scheduled depth. -4- RESULTS AND INTERPRETATIONS A. Organic Geochemical Zonation CO IF? TIA[ The stratigraphic section penetrated by the C.O.S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska, over the gross interval 1501i feet to 5040i feet T.D. (abandoned), represents a uniform single depositional facies based on the organic geochemical and geological characteristics of the fine-grained sediments. Sediments in this interval are comprised predominantly of marine tillite including reworked shales, igneous and metamorphic rocks, with secondary amounts of noncalcareous medium dark gray siliceous shales and sandstones. B. Thermal Maturity and Hydrocarbon Source Character of Sediments The sedimentary section, from 1501i feet to 5040i feet T.D. (abandoned) in the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska, has an immature very poor oil and associated gas source character and is considered as a non source section for the generation of any petroleum-related hydrocarbon. The immature nongenerative character of these sediments is reflected by: i) the yellow grading to yellow-orange coloration of the recognizable plant cuticle contained in the kerogen isolated from the shales (Table VI; Figure 3). This coloration is consistent with an alteration rank grading from Stage 1+ to Stage 2- with increasing depth. (GeoChem uses a Maturation Index of Stage 1 (un- altered) through Stage 5 (severly altered-metamorphosed)). The kerogen isolated from the shales in this section visually proved to be a mixture of two (2) populations of organic debris ,(a) a predominance of severely altered-black reworked woody-herbaceous-coaly (and 'relic' amorphous) kerogen (Note 1) and (b) a minor fraction comprising immature indigenously incorporated her- baeeous plant detritus. ii) the predominantly methane (C1).gas character of the sediments. Only insignifi- cant amounts of C2-C4 'wet' gas and C4-C7 gasoline-range hydrocarbon were detected in sediments of this interval (Tables I-A, I-B, I-C, III, VII; Figures 1, 2 and 5). iii) the low C15+ solvent extractable bitumen content (126 ppm-785 ppm, mean 328 ppm; Table IV-B; Figure 3) and the very low C15+ total hydrocarbon contents (8 ppm-51 ppm, mean 27 ppm; Table IV-B; Figure 3). Note also the very low Note 1 - The term 'relic' amorphous-sapropel is used to describe kerogen which al- though undoubtedly was amorphous-sapropelic in origin, has been degraded either geothermally or by depositional environmental conditions, into a black 'relic' appearing entity. This condition may or may not be consistent with the generation of petroleum- related hydrocarbon depending upon which mechanism has broughtabout the transformation. -5- percentages of C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) and C15+ total hydrocarbons pre- sent in sediments of this interval (1.1%-9.5%, mean 5.0%; 2.4%-18.5%, mean 10.2%; Table IV-C; Figures 4 and 5). The very poor hydrocarbon source character of the sediments is clearly shown by the very poor to poor organic carbon content (0.18%-0.42%, mean 0.29%; Table II; Figure 3), the lean amount of C15+ solvent extractable bitumen (126 ppm-785 ppm, mean 328 ppm; Table IV-B; Figure 3), the very. poor C15+ total hydrocarbon content (8 ppm-51 ppm, mean 27 ppm; Table IV-B; Figure 3) and in particular, the predominantly 'reworked' herbaceous-woody-coaly nature of the contained kerogen. The C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) hydrocarbon distribution patterns (Chromatograms -006 through -060; Table V; Figure 4) show two (2) populations for the sediments penetrated by this well: i) 1800+_ feet (Chromatogram -006) to 3600+_ feet (Chromatogram -036) afforded C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) hydrocarbon which was skewed towards the heavy (C23+) molecular weight paraffins and naphthenes. Ail chromatograms in this interval, although variable in the nature and distribution of the naphthenic envelope, do show a common feature in the very low amounts of C15 through C20 normal paraffin and isoprenoid (ip-C19 (pristane) and ip-C20 (phytane)) hydrocarbons present. ii) 3900+_ feet (Chromatogram -042) to 5040+ feet T.D. (Chromatogram -060) in contrast, afforded a more mature petroleum-like C15+ paraffin-naphthene P-N) hydrocarbon with a full range of paraffins being present. It is our interpretation that the trace amounts of C15+ paraffin-naphthene (P-N) hydrocarbons, is61ated from the sediments in this zone ,are mature remanant hydro- carbonjndigen0us to the more thermally altered reworked shales. All these observations are consistent with the assigned non source character of sediments in this interval and further suggest that extensive reworking of sediments as in this case almost ebmpletely destroys any inherent previously generated hydrocarbon. Sediments in this zone do have a moderately high dry methane (C1) gas character (C1-C4 content 800 ppm-ll200 ppm, mean 6600 ppm; composition 97.2%-99.3% methane (C1); Tables I-A, I-B, I-C, VII; Figures 1 and 5) but it is believed that this methane is derived from the severely altered (black) 'reworked' herbaceous-woody~ eoaly detritus, is not biogenie, and does not constitute a possible gas source facies at this well location. -6- EXPLORATION SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The sedimentary section penetrated by the C. O. S.T. No. 1 Well, Gulf of Alaska, over the gross well interval, 1501+ feet to 5040+ feet T.D. (abandoned), is a no__~n _sou__rc~e interval for the gener~ion of liquid-petroleum-related h drocar Since it a . . Y bons. ppears unlikely that e~ther gas and/or migrated liquid hydrocarbons can be expected in any porous reservoir facies within this interval, consequently, the section from surface to 5000+ feet is rated as non prospective for oil and gas occurrence in the local area of this well. CONFIDENTIAL -7- FIGURE 1 SUMMARY OF ORGANIC ANALYSES C1-C7 HYDROCARBON CONFIDFNTIA[ LITHO 96 LOG 0 50 100 I I I I I I I I I ELECTRICAL LOG 0 .... ~0 .... 101 I~ LIME I--~ CLAY SILT SAND COAL CHERT [ ] TILLITE [] DRILLING CEMENT Ci-C4 HYDROCARBON II Ill 1000 18000 100000 I ,III,HI ! I,ll,I,I I I II,HII I I IIIIII -- , ,,,,,,,J ,., .... ,,I i ,,,,,,,I , ,,,,,, II1 1111 11000 111000 PPH VALUES EXPRESSED AS VOLUMES OF GAS PER HILLtONVOLUHES OF SEDIHENT %WET NESS Q 25 59 75 I~0 I 25 50 15 III II C5-C7 HYDROCARBON 11III 111111 I r I I i I IN IIII lng PPM VALUES EXPRESSED AS ¥0LUMES OF GAS PER HILLION VOLUMES OF SEDIMENT i C4/n C4 o ! , , IIIOOI o I tC4 · IS4)-SUTN~ nC4 · ~ ~TNi[ L ITHO % LOG , .... 5,0,,, ,lO0 0 .... 5'0 .... Il0 LIME E~ CLAY SILT SAND GOAL [] CHERT [] TILLITE DRILLING CEHENT FIGURE 2 SUMMARY OF ORGANIC ANALYSES C4-C7 HYDROCARBON £O#FID EIf TI4 ! IO CONTENT CH / MCP I00 I000 !0000 llO000 eO I I000 100# 100001 PPM VALUES EXPRESSED AS VOLUMES OF GAS PER MiLt ~ON VOLUMES OF SEDIMENT MOLECULAR RATIOS McP/MCH 2M P/3MP iC~/nC~. 2 3e °o ~ 2 G O C G C G C C = 0 I 2 CH = CYCLOHEXANE ~P METHYLCYCLOPE~ANE HCH - METHYLCYCLOHEXANE NORMAL PARAFFINS °4:) nC5 'BCB'n-C7 3~ i i I t o ,1o a P~RCENT C5 Itl ¢&-CT PERCENT C6 IN PERCENT C7 IN C&'C7 LITHO % LOG , , , , i , , I ! LIME [ ~ CLAY SILT SAND COAL [ ] CHERT [ ] TILLITE DRILLING CEMENT ELECTRICAL LOG FIGURE 3 SUMMARY OF ORGANIC ANALYSE~~/Z)~/if[/~/ SOURCE CHARACTER ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT -- 1- -I 2_I -.~ -I [] 015- EXTRACTION DATA 0 100 5~0 1000 ' 1~01) 20~0 ~ i .... I 2 ! 2 PICKED CUTTIN6$ & $IOE-RALL CORE VISUAL KEROGEN MATURATION TYPE. ORGANIC MATTER INDEX W-C; H;- H-C;W;Am H-C; W;Am W-C;H;Am H-C;Am;W H-C;Am -W;- W- C;Am -H;- W-C;Am-H;- H-C;Am-W;- H-C W;Am 100 PPM VALUES ON A WE~GHT\WEIGHT BASIS P-N AROM S NSOASPH o t 2 3 4 Kerogen Key ~REDOMINANT; SECONDARY:TRACE 60-100[ 20-&O ~ 1-20[ . °Xo P-N 0! lO 20 ~-006 g-Ol~ ~ -018 -024 ~ -030 ~ -036 ~ .048 ~ -054 5- ~-o6o 0 lO 20 . -006 3O ' 2! ~PH'i~ENES ~1°1~a 2o -042 21 22 28 24 19 25 · 6 a b 5 17 82 a £01 I:IT)EHIIAI. 'FIGURE 4 ~8 ~2 I',IA PHTItE NES -048 21 22 28 24 6 29 8 31 32 NAPH 22 17 20 21 2O 19 -018 - 024 28 29 89 30 : 27 31 3233 : 1516 20 21 22 2324 26 ~ 19 I~APHTH ENES : : -054 81 NAI~THEI~S 19 18 b 16 -060 25¸ IIA 1:~'I THE NES 3301~~ ~. [ -030 24 31 22 8 Stan!ard -036 , 16 19 24 b 20 23 21 22 , CONFi ENTIA'i. FIGURE INTERPRETATIVE 5 DIAGRAM RIOHN E SS-MATU R ITY- M IGRAT ION GENERATION MATURATION NORMALIZED PERCENT C1- C7 HYDROCARBON 5O 50 100 100 NORMALIZED PERCENT C4.7 NP normal paroffins IP isoparaffins NA naphthenes AR oromotics 0 50 I I I I I I I I I NP IP NA I I I I I I I I I 0 50 N.R ~ IP. r'-"-'l NA. ~ AR. r---] I00 0 100 REWORKED RELATIVE KEROGEN TYPE C15+ DATA & % P-N_/%Corg. ABUNDANCE %TOTAL H.C.[%C. org 50 lO0 D 50 I I' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I i i ~ i i i i i£11 i i i i i i i i 50 10010 50 10( 100 0 REUC' AMORPHOUS ~i XE--N. IN EXTRACT 0 ' ,~,,~o~s ~ ~,,~ ~ ~~oC.O~. WOODY ~ N.C. IN. XTRA COALY ~ O. P-N HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION C.P.I. INDEX A · C.P.I. INDEX B · 1.0 2.0 3.0 I 1.0 2.0 3.0 ZONE RATING PRESENT SOURCE CHARACTER IMMATURE VERY POOR OIL AND ASSOCIATED GAS SOURCE NO LIQUID HYDROCARBON GENERATION Table I-A C1-C7 HYDROCARBON ANALYSES AIR SPACE CONFIDENTIAL GeoChem Sample Number Well Methane Ethane Propane Isobutane Butane Total Total Total Gas Interval C1 C2 C3 iC4 nC4 C5-C7 C1-C4 C2-C4 Wetness ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % iC4/nC4 521-001 521-002 521-003 521-004 521-005 521-006 521-007 521-008 521-009 521-010 521-011 521-012 521-013 521-014 521-015 521-016 521-017 521-018 521-019 521-020 521-021 521-022 521-023 521-024 521-025 521-026 521-027 521-028 521-029 521-030 521-031 521-032 521-033 521-034 521-035 521-036 521-037 521-038 521-039 521-040 521-041 521-042 521-043 521-044 521-045 521-046 521-047 521-048 521-049 521-050 521-051 521-052 521-053 521-054 521-055 521-056 521-057 521-058 521-059 521-060 1501'- 1511' 987.0 1530'- 1569' 2787.5 1590'- 1620' 3180.6 1650'- 1680' 2945.3 1710'- 1740' 3237.3 1770'- 1800' 3863.4 1830'- 1860' 4258.4 1890'- 1920' 2128.4 2950'- 1980' 1508.9 2010'- 2040' 1966.1 2070'- 2100' 1271,6 2130'- 2160' 1064.2 2190'- 2220' 1343.3 2250'- 2280' 3144.0 2310'- 2340' 1850.9 1370'- 2400' 2710.5 2430'- 2460' 2329.0 2490'- 2520' 3637.5 2550'- 2580' 1737.6 2610'- 2640' 1220.6 2670'- 2700' 1518.7 2730'- 2760' 2824.0 2790'- 2820' 3310.5 2850'- 2880' 3275.8 2910'- 2940' 3658.0 2970'- 3000' 2503.5 3030'- 3060' 2726.8 3090'- 3120' 2620.1 3150'- 3180' 3336.4 3210'- 3240' 3056.4 3270'- 3300' 3407.2 2.2 3.9 8,0 12.8 54.6 3,3 40.6 11.8 5.4 6.9 9.3 58.0 15,3 20.4 25,9 '.14,3 18.5 18.2 17.5 10.2 3330'- 3360' 5799.0 - 3390' ..... 3420'~,2-238,4 .... 11.2 3450'- 3480' 2030.5 12.3 3510'- 3540' 3570'- 3600' 3630'- 3660' 3690'- 3720' 3750'- 3780' 3810'- 3840 3870'- 3900 3930'- 3960 3990'- 4020 4050'- 4080 4110'- 4140 4170'- 4200 4230'- 4260 4290'- 4320 4350'- 4380 4410'- 4440 4470'- 4500 4530'- 4560 4590'- 4620 4650'- 4680 4710'- 4740 4770'- 4800 4830'- 4860 4890'- 4920 4950'- 4980 5010'- 5040 2817.9 30.0 4546.4 44.1 3391.3 92.3 1315.9 - 2365.4 - 2738.9 27.5 2807.0 75.0 2409.0 - 3497.9 - 3029.5 11,6 2719.7 7.1 5002.3 15.5 4267.6 15.4 1705.8 8.0 2586.3 11.5 2496.7 6.0 3330.2 8.9 4718.2' 9~3 3343.7 4.0 2959.5 - 2351.4 9.4 2098.8 5.9 3035.4 7.4 3470.1 9.8 4315.2 8,2 1658.3 11.9 0,7 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.9 0,7 0.5 0,4 0.4 0.9 2.0 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.0. 0.4 0.8 2.1 3.8 3.7 10,0 4.5 4.1 4.4 4.2 3.7 1.3 2.6 1.3 1.1 1.7 3.2 1.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.9 2,3 2.0 1.3 2.8 2.7 1.1 2.7 1.1 1.3 1.6 0.7 1,1 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 - 1.3 - '0.2 0,3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 - 0.2 - 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0'2 0 3 0.1 - 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5 - 0.8 1.2 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.1 - 1.1 - 0.3 - 1.1 - 2.5 1.6 2.5 1.3 1,5 3.2 2.4 1.4 1.9 1.6 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.5 - 0.2 - 0.5 - .... 0'1 - 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 - - 0.1 - 0.1 - 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.1 0,5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0,4 - 0,6 0.3 0,2 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 - 1.6 - 0.4 - 0,3 - 0.2 - 0.1 - 0.3 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0,2 2.4 1.6 2.1 1.7 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.2 1.7 0,2 0.9 0.8 0,6 0,3 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.8 8.1 1,4 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,3 0,7 0.2 0.9 0,1 0.3 0,8 1,1 1,1 0,9 3.1 1,3 0,8 2,4 2,1 1,1 2,4 1,3 2.4 0,5 0,3 0,4 0,8 1.3 1,5 0,6 990.8 2792.4 3189.8 2946.8 3239.0 3865.0 4272.6 2186.1 1510.1 1967.3 1272.1 1068.5 1385.4 3158.7 1857.9 2721.0 2331.9 3649.6 1797.8 1236.7 1541.2 2828.6 3318.5 3282.5 3699.8 2525.7 2735.0 2646.0 3361.5 3080.5 3419.0 5802.2 2251~2 2044.1 2850.3 4595.2 3485.4 1316.6 2366.3 2767.5 2884.3 2410.6 3501.0 3044.1 2728.5 5021.3 4286.7 1715.5 2601.9 2504.7 3341.3 4730.8 3349.6 2960.9 2362.2 2105.5 3044.2 3481.2 4324.8 1671.6 3.7 4.9 9.1 1.4 1.7 1.5 14,2 57.7 1.8 1.1 0.5 4.2 42.1 14.7 6.9 10.4 2.8 12.0 60.1 16.1 22.4 4.6 7.9 6.7 41.7 22.2 8.1 25.9 25.0 24.0 11.7 3.1 12.8 13.6 32.4 48.8 94.1 0.6 0.8 28.5 77.3 1.5 3.1 14.6 8.8 18.9 19.1 9.6 15.5 8.0 11.1 12.6 5.8 1.4 10.7 6.6 8.7 11.0 9.5 13.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 2.6 0.3 3.0 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 3.3 1.3 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.8 0.2 O.g 0.7 0.7 0.3 0;5 0.6 1.1 1.0 2.6 1.0 2.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7 2.28 2.16 1,21 1.35 1.47 0.78 2.15 1.91 1,79 0.72 0.57 8.17 0.05 0.65 0.90 1.34 0.75 0.72 0.87 0.95 0.75 1.07 1.23 3.10 0.87 6.51 1.55 2.25 6.27 2.10 2.31 1.69 1.49 2.60 4.18 3.57 1.50 1.04 3.15 PPM values expressed as volumes of gas per million volumes of cuttings Table I-B C1-C7 HYDROCARBON ANALYSES CUTTINGS GAS CONFIDENTIAL GeoChem Sample Number Wel 1 Inter. val Methane Ethane Propane -Isobutane Butane Total Total Total Gas C1 C2 C3 iC4 nC4 C5-C7 C1-C4 ,C2-C4 Wetness ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % iC4/nC4 521-001 521-002 521-003 521-004 521-005 521-006 521-007 521-008 521-009 521-010 521-011 521-012 521-013 521-014 521-015 521-016 521-017 521-018 521-019' 521-020 521-021 521-022 521-023 521-024 521-025 521-026 521-027 521-028 521-029 521-030 521-03.1 521-032 521-033 521-034 521-035 521-036 521-037 521-038 521-039 521-040 521-041 521-042 521-043 521-044 521-045 521-046 521-047 521-048 .521-049 521-050 521-051 521-052 521,053 521-054 521-055 521-056 521-057 521-058 521-059 521-060 1501'- 1530'- 1590'- 1650'- 1710'- 1770'- 1830'- 1890'- 2950'- 2010'- 2070'- 2130'- 2190'- 2250'- 2310'- 2370'- 2430'- 2490'- 2550'- 2610'- 2670'- 2730'- 2790'- 2850'- 2910'- 2970'- 3030'- 3090'- 3150'- 3210'- 3270'- 3330'- .-3390'- 3450'- 3510'- 3570'- 3630'- 3690'- 3750'- 3810'- 3870 - 3870 - 3990 - 4050 - 4110 - 4170 - 4230'- 4290'- 4350'- 4410'- 4470'- 4530'- 4590'- 4650'- 4710'- 4770',- 4830'- 4890'- 4950'- 5010'- 1511' 250.8 1560' 4761.4 1620' 1355.8 1680' 5107.5 1740' 2700.5 1800' 5781.6 18606 2040.9 1920' 4624.7 1980' 2390.8 2040' 3981.9 2100' 4341.5 2160' 2359.2 2220' 2474.3 2280' 1705.1 2340' 2822.2 2400' 4589.4 2460' 3032.1 2520' 2902.8 2580' 1626.7 2640' 2253.2 2700' 2643.8 2760' 3227.2 2820' 5231.8 2880' 682.1 2940' 2599.7 3000' 3027.6 3060' 4762.1 3120' 4960.4 3180' 4856.4 3240' 748.9 3300' 3256.8 3360' 4720.1 3420' 5923..4 3480' 6475.4 3540' 6714.3 3600' 5084.9 3660' 5748.0 3720' 4987.9 3780' 3079,7 3840 4966.2 3900 4630.9 39OO 4515.4 4020 3121.0 4080 3292.3 4140 3889.3 4200 5968.6 426O 4815.4 4320 4723.0 4380 5281.0 4440 5799.4 4500 5340.5 4560' 4946.0 4620' 3422.8 4680' 5947.0 4740' 3683.3 4800' 4905.8 4860' 3990.4 4920' 5067.6 4980' 4744.5 5040' 5777.9 8.3 172.1 9.2 188.6 31.1 116.2 100.8 144.8 34.2 93.9 51.3 66.6 27.7 39.4 69.G 108.5 38.2 100.3 '13.2 17.8 14.2 14.7 22.9 11.4 49.8 55.3 41.0 44.2 55.4 18.4 36.1 59.6 83.8 142.3 165.9 118.2 83.3 23.6 23.6 91.3 62.8 38.5 22.7 '56.4 33.8 113.3 179.3 54.5 98.4 47.6 24.0 49.2 38.9 129,4 58,1 34,9 38.9 29.7 59.7 134.0 4.7 66.2 4.7 68.6 13.8 48.0 48.0 66.0 14.7 42.1 20.8 30.2 11.8 15.6 32.3 40.5 15.8 43.8 5.8 7.9 6.2 5.7 7.7 5.9 25.2 28.4 18.7 19.7 26.7 8.7 17.4 25.5 30.1 61.7 52.2 39.5 31.2 7.0 10.3 34.6- 23.4 13.9 11.7 29.6 13.8 44.3 78.2 24.1 42.5 18.0 8.1 19.9 16,3 58.6 27.1 14.5 18.0 11.5 28.9 57.2 1.8 19.1 1.3 18.3 3.9 13.1 12.7 19.1 4.3 11.9 5.7 8.9 3.5 4.4 8.0 11.0 4.4 11.8 1.6 2.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 6.7 7.9 5.8 5.3 6.8 2.6 5.5 7.4 7.7 18.1 15.1 10.3 8.3 1.8 2.7 9.1 6.1 3.6 2.8 10.1 3.5 12.1 21.4 7.2 12.7 5.2 2.3 5.6 5.1 12.5 7.4 4.4 5.7 4.3 7.4 15.7 2.3 15.4 2.7 15.0 4.5 12.8 15.3 17.5 5.2 12.0 6.1 10.0 4.1 5.1 10.2 10.2 4.9 12.4 2.7 3.4 1.8 2.7 2.7 2.9 7.4 10.0 6.5' 6.2 6.6 3.4 6.2 8.0 5.8 14.5 9.1 8.7 6.7 1.7 2.7 8.1 4.8 3.7 2.5 8.7 3.2 8.8 19.3 6.9 10.1 4.7 2.5 5.6 4.9 15,7 7.6 4.2 ~6,5 4.6 8.2 13.9 12.8 37.2 18.5 35.4 20.1 33.3 49,0 32.4 21.1 29.7 26.1 31.6 15.5 16.1 28.8 23.0 17.3 28.1 12.1 14.3 12.6 11.4 13.6 22.2 27.3 30.8 21.1 23,7 24.1 13.5 18.8 20.0 14.4 35.0 23,4 25.2 24.7 19.6 17.4 20,6 17.2 20.1 12.1 32.0 19.2 25.4 38.8 23.9 25.4 17,7 16.8 19.8 20.9 32.6 26.6 21.5 28.5 16.1 24.0 32.9 268.2 17.3 6.4 5034.3 272.8 5.4 1374.0 18.1 1.3 5398.1 290.6 5.3 2754.1 53.5 1.9 5972.0 190.3 3.1 2217.9 176.9 7.9 4872.3 247.5 5.0 2449.4 58.6 2.3 4141.9 160.0 3.8 4425.6 84.1 1.9 2475.1 115,9 4.6 2521.6 47.3 1.8 1769,7 64,6 3.6 2942.4 120.2 4.0 4759,6 170.2 3.5 3095.6 63.5 2.0 3071.3 168.5 5.4 1650.1 23.4 1.4 2285.0 31.8 1.3 2667.9 24.0 0.9 3252.4 25.1 0.7 5267.4 35.5 0.6 703.3 22.1 3.1 2688.9 89.2 3.3 3129.4 101.7 3.2 4834.4 72.2 1.4 5036.0 75.6 1.5 4952.2 95.7 1.9 782.3 33.3 4.2 3322.2 65.4 1.9 4820.7 100.6 2.0 6049.1 127.6 2.1 6712.3 136.8 3.5 6956.8 242.4 3.4 5261.8 ~176.8 3.3 5877.7 129.6 2.2 5022.2 34.2 0.6 3119.1 39.3 1.2 5109.5 143.2 2.8 4728.3 97.3 2.0 4575.3 59.8 1.3 3160.9 '39.8 1.2 3397.3 105.0 3.0 3943.8 54,4 1,3 6147.3 178.6 2.9 5113.9 298.5 5.8 4815.9 92.8 1.9 5444.8 163.7 3.0 5875.1 75.7 1.2 5377.5 37.0 0.6 5026.4 80,4 1.6 3488.2 65.4 1.8 6163.3 216.3 3.5 3783.7 100.3 2.6 4963.9 58.1 1.1 4059.8 69.3 1.7 ' 5118.0 50.3 0.9 4849.0 104.4 2.1 5999.0 221.0 3.6 0.80 1.24 0.50 1.21 0.88 1.02 0.82 1.09 0.82 0.98 0.93 0.89 0.83 0.87 0.78 1.07 0.89 0.95 0.60 0.72 0.92 0.67 0;75 0.59 0.91 0.79 0.89 0.80 1.03 0.75 0.87 0.92 1,31 1'.24 1.65 1.18 1.23 1.03 0.98 1.11 1.25 0.96 1.09 1.15 1.10 1.37 1.10 1.04 1.25 1.08 0.90 0.99 1.03 0.79 0.97 1.05 0.87 0.93 0.90 1.12 PPM valUes expressed as volumes of gas per million volumes of cuttings Table I-C C1-C7 HYDROCARBON ANALYSES OF AIR SPACE AND CUTTINGS GAS ¢ONFID NTI4[ GeoChem Well Methane Ethane Propane Isobutane Butane Total Total Total Gas Sample Interval C1 C2 C3 iC4 nC4 C5-C7 C1-C4 C2-C4 Wetness Number ppm ppm~ ppm ppm ppm ppm ppnl ppm % iC4/nC4 521-001 521-002 521-003 521-004 521-005 521-006 521-007 521-008 521-009 521-010 521-011 521-012 521 -O13 521-014 521-015 521-016 521-017 ' 521-018 521-019 521-020 521-021. 521-022 521-023 521-024 521-025 521-026 521-027 521-028 521-029 521-030 521-031 521-032 521-033 521-034 521-035 521-036 521-037 521-038 521-039 521-040 521-041 521-042 521-043 521-044 521-045 521-046 521-047 521-048 521-049 521-050 521-051 521-052 521-053 521-054 521-055 521-056 521-057 521-058 521-059 521-060 1501'-1511' 1530'-1560' 1590'-1620' 1650'-1680' 1710'-1740' 1770'-1800' 1830'-1860' 1890'-1920' 1950 ' -1980 ' 2010'-2040' 2070'-2100' 2130' -2160' 2190'-2220' 2250'-2280' 2310'-2340" 2370'-2400' 2430'-2460' 2490'-2520' 2550'-2580' 2610'-2640' 2670'-2700' 2730'-2760' 2790'-2820' 2850'-2880' 2910'-2940' 2970'-3000' 3030'-3060' 3090' -3120' 3150' -3180' 321 O' -3240' 3270'-3300' 3330'-3360' ~3390'-3420' 3450'-3480' 3510'-3540' 3570'-3600' 3630'-3660' 3690'-3720' 3750'-3780' 3810'-3840' 3870'-3900' 3930"3960' 3990'-4020' 4050'-4080' 4110'-4140' 4170'-4200' 4230'-4260' 4290'-4320' 4350'-4380' 4410'-4440' 4470'-4500' 4530'-4560' 4590'-4620' 4650'-4680' 4710'-4740' 4770'-4800' 4830'-4860' 4890'-4920' 4950'-4980' 5010'-5040' 1237.9 10.6 7548.9 176.0 4536.5 17.3 8052.8 188,6 5937.8 31.1 9645.1 116.2 6299.4 113,6 6753.2 199.5 3899.8 34.2 5948.0 93.9 5613.1 51.3 3423.4 70.0 3817.7. 68.4 4849.1 51.2 4673.1 75.3 7300.0 115.4 5361.1 38.2 6540.3 109.6 3364.3 71.2 3473.8 33.2 4162.6 34.6 6051.2 14.7 8542.4 22,9 3957.0 11'.4 6257.7 75.7 5531,1 69.6 7488.9 41.0 4960.7 62.8 8192.9 73,7 749.2 36.0 6664.0 46.4 10519.1 59..6 592t',6 95,1 8505.9 154,7 9532.2 195.9 9631.3 162.4 9139.4 175.7 6303.9 23,6 3080.0 23.6 4967.2 118.9 7438.0 137.8 6924,5 30.5 6618.9 22.7 6321.8 68.1 6609.1 40.9 10971.0 128.9 9083.0 194.7 6428.9 62.5 7867.4 ll.9 8296.1 53.7 8670.7 32.9 9664,2 58.6 6766.5 43,6 8906.5 129.4 6O34.8 67.5 7004.6 40.9 7025.9 46.4 8537.7 39.6 9059.8 67,9 7436.2 146.0 4.7 66.9 5.3 69.4 14.7 49.3 49.1 67.9 15.5 42.6 21.2 30.6 12.7 17.6 33.2 41.9 16.9 45.6 6.8 8.4 7.0 7.9 11.5 9.7 35.2 32.9 22.9 24.2. 31.0 12,5 18.7 28.1 31.5 62.9 54.0 42,7 32.6 7.5 ll .1 35,5 24,8 14.9 14.1 31.6 15.1 47.2 80.9 25.3 45.2 19.2 9.4 21.5 17.1 59,7 28.1 15.1 18,9 12.4 30.0 58.2 I PPM values expressed as volumes 1.8 3.7 15.2 1258.9 21.0 1.6 · 19.1 15.6 37.2 7826.7 277.7 3.5 1.7 2.8 18.5 4563.8 27.2 0.5 18:7 15.2 - 37.1 8344.9 292.0 .3.4 4.4 4.8 22.2 5993.1 55.2 0.9 13,1 13.1 33.3 9837.0 191.9 1.9 12.7 15.6 49.0 6490.6 191.2 2.9 19.7 17.9 34.2 7058.5 305.2 4.3 4.5 5.4 21.5 3959.5 59.7 1.5 12.1 12.3 31.2 6109.2 161.1 2.6 5.8 6.1 26.1 5697.7 84.6 1.4 9.2 lO.1 32.1 3543.5 120.0 3.3 3.8 4.3 15.7 3907.1 89.3 2.2 5.0 5.4 . 17.8 4928.4 79.2 1.6 8.6 10.2 29.1 4800.6 127.4 2.6 ll .8 ll .4 24.0 7480.7 180.7 2.4 5.0 6.0 18.1 5427.5 66.3 1.2 12,7 12.5 28.1 6720.8 180.5 2.6 1.6 3.8 12.7' 3447.8 83.5 2.4 2.5 3.8 14.7 3521.8 47.9 1.3 1.7 3.0 12.8 4209.0 46.4 1.1 1.8 5.3 12.6 6081.1 29.8 · 0.4 3.7 5.3 13.9 8585.9 43.5 0.5 3.1 4.4 23.0 3985.8 28.8 0.7 lO.O 9.8 35.4 6388.7 130.9 2.0 9.3 l 1.9 32.3 5655.1 123.9 2.1 7,5 8.8 21.6 7569.3 80.4 1.0 6.6 7.7 -24.2 5062.2 1 O1.5 2.0 8.1 7.9 24.7 8313.7 120.8 1.4 3.7 5.0 3.9 806.6 57.3 7.1 5.5 6.5 19.5 6741.2 77.1 1.1 7.4 8.5 20.0 10622.9 103.7 0.9 7,7 -6~0 ~14.4 6062.1 140.4 2.3 18,1 14.7 35.2 8756.4 250.5 2.8 15.4 9.4 23.7 9807.1 274.8 2.8 ll .1 9.3 26.1 9857.0 225.6 2.2 8.5 6.8 24.8 9363.1 223.7 2.3 1.8 1.8 20.0 6338.7 34.8 O. 5 2.7 2.8 18.2 3120.2 40.2 1.2 9.1 8.3 21.8 5139.0 ltl .8 3.3 6.1 5.8 18.4 7612.6 174.6 2.2 3.8 4.0 21.0 6985.9 61.4 0.8 3.4 2.6 15.3 6661.9 42.9 0.6 10.7 9.1 33.3 6441.4 119.5 1.8 3.8 3.3 20.1 6672.3 63.2 0.9 12.5 8.9 27.8 11168.6 197.6 1.7 22.1 19.7 40.9 9400.6 317.6 3.3 7.5 7.0 25.0 6531.4 102.4 1.5 13.5 10.6 27.8 7948.7 81.3 1.0 5.7 5.1 17.7 8379.8 83.7 0.9 3.1 2.5 18.1 8718.8 48.1 0.5 7.2 5,6 19.8 9757.3 93.0 0.9 5.5 4.9 23.3 6837.8 71.2 1.0 12j8 15.7 33.2 9124.2 217.7 2.3 7.'6 7.7 26.9 6145.9 lll .0 1.8 4.5 4.2 22.0 7069.4 64.7 '0.9 6.1 6.6 29.4 7104.0 78.1 1.0 4.5 4.7 17.5 8599.2 61.4 0.7 7.5 . 8.3 25.6 9173.8 113.9 1.2 16.0 14.0 33.5 7670.6 234.3 3.0 of gas per million volumes of cuttings 0.50 1.22 0.59 1.22 0.90 1.00 0.81 1 .lO 0.83 0.98 0.95 0,90 0,88 0,90 0.84 1.03 0,83 1,01 0.43 0.65 0.59 0.35 0.70 0.70 1.02 0.78 0.84 0.85 1.02 0.75 0.84 0.86 l .27 1.23 1.63 1.18 1.25 0.98 O. 94 1.09 1.05 0.95 1.31 1.17 1.14 1.40 1.12 1~.07 1.27 1.11 1.23 1.28 1.12 0.81 0.99 1.07 O.gl 0.94 0.90 1.14 GeoChem Sample Number Table II lO#FiI)E#TIAL Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Lithological Description Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Interval Color Code Total Organic Carbon (% of Rock) 521-001 521-002 -A -B -C 521-003 -A -B -C 521-004 '-A -B -C 521-005 -A -B -C 1511' 1560' 1620' 1680' 1740' 521-006 1800' 521-007 1860' -A This sample consists of drilling cement, cobbles, various conglomerates, and re- worked shales 40% Reworked shale, siliceous, silty, non- calcareous, subrounded, very hard, medi- um dark gray 30% Shale, siliceous, silty, noncalcareous, blocky, hard, medium dark gray 30% Dri 11 i ng cement Trace of shell fragments 40% Shale, same as 521-002B 30% Reworked shale, same as 521-002A 30% Drilling cement Trace of quartz fragments Trace of mafic minerals Trace of shell fragments 50% Shale, same as 521-002B 30% Reworked shale, same as 521-002A 20% Dri 11 ing cement Trace of quartz, fragments Trace of mafic minerals 50% Shale, same as 521-002B 30% Reworked shale, same as 521-002A 20% Dri 11 ing cement Trace of mafic minerals Trace of shell fragments Same as 521-005 60% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous, and metamorphic rocks N4 N4 0.42 0.69 0.25* * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Sample Number Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Lithological Description Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Interval Color Code Total Organic Carbon (% of Rock) 521-007 -B 521-008 521-009 -A -B -C 521-010 521-011 -A -B -C 521-012 -A -B 521-013 -A -B 521-014 -A -B -C (cont' d) 40% Shal e, very si 1 i ceous, si 1 ty, noncal - careous, blocky, hard, dark gray Trace of sandstone, siliceous cement, poor porosity 1920' Same as 521-007 1980' 50% Shale, siliceous, silty, noncalcareous, blocky, hard, medium dark gray 30% Marine tillite, including reworked shale, igneous, and metamorphic rocks 20% Dri 11 ing cement Trace of shell fragments 2040' Same as 521-009 2100' 60% Shale, same as 521-009A 30% Marine tillite, same as 521-009B 10% Drilling cement Trace of shell fragments 2160' 60% Shale, same as 521-009A 40% Marine tillite, same as 521-009B Trace of shell fragments 2220' 60% Shale, same as 521-009A 40% Marine tillite, same as 521-009B Trace of shell fragments 2280' 50% Shale, siliceous, silty, noncalcareous, blocky, hard, medium dark gray 45% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous, and metamorphic rocks 5% Unconsolidated sand, poorly sorted, fine to coarse grain, angular to subangular, mainly frosted Trace of shell fragments N4 N4 0.39 0.29; 0.27 0.22* * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Sample Number Table I! CONFID'ENTIAL Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross L?tholog~cal Description Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Interval Color Code Total Organic Carbon (% of Rock) 521-015 -A -B 521-016 -A -B 521-017 -A -B -C 521-018 521-019 521-020 -A -B -C 521-021 -A -B -C 521-022 -A -B -C 2340' 2400' 2460' 2520' 2580' 2640' 2700' 2760' 60% Shale, same as 521-014A 40% Marine tillite, same as 521-014B Trace of dri 11 ing cement 60% Shale, same as 521-014A 40% Marine tillite, same as 521-014B Trace of sandstone, si 1 i ceous cement Trace of dri 11 ing cement 45% Shale, siliceous, silty, noncalcareous, blocky, hard, medium dark gray N4 45% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous and metamorphic rocks 10% Sandstone, carbonate and siliceous cement, fine to medium grain, angular to subangu- lar, clear to frosted; carbonate cement has fair porosity, siliceous cement has poor porosity Same as 521-017 Same as 521-017. 50% Marine tillite, same as 521-017B 40% Shale, same as 521-017A 10% Sandstone, same as 521-017C 50% Marine tillite, same as 521-017B 40% Shale, same as 521-017A 10% Sandstone, same as 521-017C 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-017B 30% Shale, same as 521-017A 10% Sandstone, same as 521-017C 0.33 0.21 0.18' 0.40 * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem $ ample Number Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross L~tholog~cal Description, Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Interval Color Code Total Organic Carbon (% of Rock) 521-023 -A -B -C 521-024 -A -B -C 521-025 -A -B -C 521-026 -A -B -C 521-027 -A -B -C 521-028 -A -B -C 521-029 -A -B 2820' 2880' 2940' 3000' 3060' 3120' 3180 60% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous and metamorphic rocks 30% Shale, siliceous, silty, noncalcareous, blocky, hard, medium dark gray 10% Sandstone, carbonate and siliceous cement, fine to medium grain, angular to subangular, clear to frosted; carbon- ate cement has fair porosity, siliceous cement has poor porosity 80% Marine tillite, same as 521-023A 15% Shale, same as 521-023B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-023C 70% Marine tillite, same as 521-023A 20% Shale, same as 521-023B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-023C 50% Marine tillite, same as 521-023A 40% Shale, same as 521-023B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-023C 50% Marine tillite, same as 521-023A 40% Shale, same as 521-023B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-023C 50% Marine tillite, same as 521-023A 40% Shale, same as 521-023B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-023C 50% Shale, siliceous, slightly silty to silty, noncalcareous, blocky, moder- ately hard to hard, medium dark gray 40% Marine tillite, including reworked shale, igneous and metamorphic rocks N4 N4 0.35 0.36* 0.21; 0.22 " * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Sample Number ,.,,e ,, :ONFIDENTIAL Organic Carbon, Analyses and Gross Litholooic: uescr~ptlon Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Total Organic Interval Color Carbon Code (% of Rock ) 521-029 -C 521-030 -A -B -C 521-031 -A -B -C 521-032 -A -B -C 521-033 -A -B -C 521-034 -A -B -C (cont'd) 10% Sandstone, siliceous and carbonate cement, sand is fine to medium grain, angular to subangular, clear to frosted; carbonate cement has fair porosity, siliceous cement has poor porosity 3240' 50% Shale, same as 521-029A 40% Marine tillite, same as 521-029B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-029C 3300' 60% Sha,le, same as 521-029A 30% Marine tillite, same as 521-029B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-029C 3360' 50% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous and metamorphic rocks 45% Shale, slightly siliceous to siliceous, slightly silty to silty, noncalcareous, blocky, moderately hard to hard, med- ium dark gray to dark gray 5% Sandstone, siliceous and carbonate cement, sand is fine to medium grain, angular to subangular, clear to frosted; carbonate cement has fair porosity, sili- ceous cement has poor porosity Trace of shell fragments N3 3420' 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-032A 30% Shale, same as 521-032B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-032C 3480' 70% Marine tillite, same as 521-032A 25% Shale, same as 521-032B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-032C 0.31 O. 27*; O. 26'R 0.31 .. * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Samp'l e Number Table II CONFIDENTIAL Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Litholooical Description Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Interval Color Code Total Organic Carbon (% of Rock) 521-035 -A -B -C 521-036 -A -B -C 521-037 -A -B -C 521-038 -A -B -C 521-039 -A -B -C 521-040 -A -B · -C 521-041 -A -B -C 3540' 3600' 3660' 3720' 3780' 3840' 3900 70% Marine tillite, same as 521-032A 25% Shale, same as 521-032B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-032C 70% Marine tillite, same as 521-032A 25% Shale, same as 521-032B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-032C 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-032A 30% Shale, same as 521-032B 10% Sandstone, same as 521-032C 70% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous, and metamorphic rocks 25% Shale,. slightly siliceous to siliceous, slightly silty, noncalcareous, blocky, moderately hard to hard, medium dark gray to dark gray 5% Sandstone, siliceous and carbonate cement, sand is fine to medium grain, angular to subangular, clear to frosted; carbonate cement has fair porosity, siliceous cement has poor porosity 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-038A 35% Shale, same as 521-038B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-038C 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-038A 35% Shale, same as 521-038B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-038C 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-03~A 35% Shale, same as 521-038B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-038C Abundant drilling mud associated N3 0.27 0.24* 0.29 * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Sample Number Tab, e II CONFIDENTIAL Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Lithological Description, Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Total Organic Color Carbon Interval Code {% of Rock) 521-042 -A -B -C 521-043 521-044 -A -B 521-045 521-046 521-047 -A -B 521-048 -A -B 521-049 -A -B 3960' 0.37;0.35R 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-038A 0.31' 35% Shale, same as 521-038B 5% Sandstone, same as 521-038C 4020' 4080' 4140' 4200' 4260' 4320' 4380' 521-050 4440' -A -B Same as 521-038 70% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous and metamorphic rocks 30% Shale, slightly siliceous to siliceous, slightly silty, noncalcareous, blocky, moderately hard to hard, medium dark gray to dark gray Trace of sandstone N3 Same as 521-044 Same as 521-044 80% Marine tillite, same as 521-044A 20% Shale, same as 521-044B Trace of sandstone 80% Marine tillite, same as 521-044A 20% Shale, same as 521-044B Trace of sandstone 80% Marine tillite, same as 521-044A 20% Shale, same as 521-044B Trace of sandstone 70% Marine tillite, including reworked shales, igneous, and metamorphic rocks 30% Shale, slightly siliceous to siliceous, slightly silty, noncalcareous, blocky, 0.34 0.33 0.25* * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. Table II Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Litholooical GeoChem Wel 1 Sample Interval Number Gross Lithological Description [ ,C OiN I;:d D E N TIAL GSA Total Organic Color Carbon Code {% of Rock) 521-050 -B (cont'd) 521-051 4500' 521-052 4560' 521-053 -A -B 4620' 521-054 -A -B 4680' 521-055 4740' 521-056 -A -B 4800' 521-057 4860' 521-058 -A -B 4920' Moderately hard to hard, medium dark gray to dark gray Trace of sandstone Same as 521-050 Same as 521-050 Abundant drilling cement associated 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-050A 40% Shale, same as 521-050B Trace of sandstone 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-050A 40% Shale, same as 521-050B Trace of sandstone Same as 521-050 Trace of shell fragments 70% Marine tillite, including reowrked shales, igneous, and metamorphic rocks 30% Shale, slightly siliceous to siliceous, slightly silty, noncalcareous, blocky, moderately hard to hard, medium dark gray to dark gray Trace of sandstone Abundant drilling mud associated Same as 521-056 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-056A 40% Shale, same as 521-056B Trace of sandstone Trace of shel.1 fragments N3 N3 0.32 0.31 0.30* 0.25; 0.22 * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. GeoChem Sample Number Table II CONFIDENTIAL Organic Carbon Analyses and Gross Litholooical Description, Well Gross Lithological Description GSA Total Organic Interval Color Carbon Code (% of Rock) 521-059 -A -B 521-060 -A -B 4980' 5040' 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-056A 40% Shale, same as 521-056B Trace of sandstone Trace of shell fragments 60% Marine tillite, same as 521-056A 40% Shale, same as 521-056B Trace of sandstone Trace of shell fragments 0.20 0.18'; 0.20*R ~- * Organic carbon value of gross sample used for C15+ extraction. TABLE III DETAILED C4-C7 HYDROCARBON ANALYSES · i ii iii ii ~m& F i ii mm I ilmll II I Im I I I mmlll iiii i GEOCHEM WELL , ~, '.m'l'~-I I~"-~~:J J~.~'~. ~/ J~/,l'~'~'q ,~c} ... i ~_~"/-'il{,~. ,, , .... , m , /, I-/ !! 1,,l/__,7, 521-003 1590 ~ ',1620~ 7.9 1.2 5,8 6.1 0.2 0.9 2.1 3.2 2.6 3.5 3.I 0.7 44.6 - 2.1 5.6 O.3 0.2 0.9 0.5 - 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.1 3.6i 1.9 15.2 1.22 0.95 1.82 0.84 52!-006 1770'-1800~ 119.0 18,2 8.3 7.3 1.1 0.8 0.9 2.4 3.0 2.8 2.3 0.5 20.9 - - 3.6 O.$ 0.2 0.6 0.7 - 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.1 3.21 0.5 27.8 0.79 1.14 1.57 1.13 521-009 1950'-1980' 15.3 16.4 8.8 7.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.5 0.3 '27.0 - 1.0 3.1 0.3 0.3 0.8 - - 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.1 3.2 521-012 2130'-2160~ 13.2 14.7 6.6 7.7 0.5 0.8 0.7 2.1 2.2 3.6 2.6 0.4 34.1 - - 3.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 - 0.2 0'.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.1 2.4 .8 30.2 0.96 0.86 1.20 1.08 521-015 2310'-2340~ 13.5 14.4 7.1 6.5 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.8 1.8 2.4 2,2 0.2 37.3 - - 3.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 - 0,2 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.1 2.8 0.7 26.5 0.97 1.09 1.52 0.79 521-018 2490'-2520' 17.9 16.9 8.2 6.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.2 0.2 30.0 - - 3..1 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 - 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.1 3.2 0.6 30.8 1.12 i.27 1.44 0.67 521-021 2670'-2700~ 7.3 7.4 4.2 8.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 1,3 1,8 2.8 2.5 0.4 50.6 - - 2.9 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 - 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.3 3.3i 1.9 16.3 0.72 0.50 1.14 0.76 521-024 2850'-2880' 11.2 1.4 7.7 12.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 2.0 !.9 2.4 2.4 0.3 44.8 - - 3.3 0.1 0.3 0.5' 0.3 - 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 1.1 '0.2 3.9 0.8 16.2 1.09 0.63 1.37 0.62 521-027 3030'-3060~ 24.4 25.2 11.1 7.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 2.4 1.8 2.3 2.5 0.3 10.1 - - 0.1 2.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 - 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 2.7', 1.2 45.5 1.36 1.59 1.12 0.90 521-030 3210'-3240~ 14.3 11.9 12.3 6.4 3.0 2.5 2.0 4.6 3.2 2.8 3.5 1.2 13.0 - 1.0 4.5 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.0 - 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.2 4.3I 0.3 19.3 1.45 1.91 1.28 0.83 521-033 3390'-3420' 10.8 20.6 14.0 14.6 1.1 0.3 1.5 7.2 4.6 7.8 1.1 0.6 3.1 - ,0.5 1.3 , 0.2 0.1 2.9 0.6 - 0.1 2.7 0.2 0.2 2.5 0.I 1.3 0.3 I52.I 1.56 0.96 1.11 0.89 521-036 3570'-3600~ 12.7 18.3 13.5 12.8 1.1 0.5 1.6 7.1 4.6 7.5 1.6 0.6 3.4 - 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.1 3.1 0.8 0.1 3.1 0.3 - 0.2 2,8 0.1 1.9" 0.2 106.2 1.52 1.05 0.92 0.85 521-039 3750'-3780' 9.3 15.6 11.9 13.0 0.9 0.4 1.6 7.4 4.9 8.8 1.6 0.6 5.2 - 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.2 3.7 1.1 0.2 3.9 0.4 - 0.3 3.8 0.2 2.5> 0.,2 42.1 1.50 0.92 1.14 0.63 521-042 3930'-3960' 10.8 10.2 8.3 5.8 2.2 1.1 2.7 5.1 4.,2 5.1 2.5 0.8 17,7 - 0.9 3.3 0.4 0.6 3.8 - 0.3 3.1 0.9 - 0.4 3.8 0.6 5.1~ 0.4 24.8 1.22 1.43 1.32 0.49 521-045 4110'-4140~ 9.0 8.3 6,2 5.0 1.6 0,9 1.6 4.5 4.7 5.1 3.0 1.0 14.4 - 1.6 4.8 1.7] 1.4 4.9 - 0.7 3.9 1.6 - 1,3 1.4 1.7 7.1" 2.5 18.7 0.95 1.23 1.59 0.43 521-048 4290'-4320' 21J8 18.9. 11.2 6.3 0.8 0.6 1.1 3.4 2,9 3.1 2.0 0.2 12.1 - 0.4 3.0 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.6 0.2 1.7 0.3 0.6 0.1 2.3 0.2 3.4i 0.6 25.7 1.16 1.79 1.55 0.58 521-051 4470'-4500' 11.2 9.5 9.5 6.8 1.8 1.0 1.6 3.9 5.0 4.7 3.5 0.9 16.2 - 2.0 5.0 1.5 1.2 2,2 1,5 0,6 2,2 0.3 0.6 0.1 2,5 0.1 4.3 0.4 16.3 0.77 1.39 1.42 0.82 521-054 4650'-4680' 16.7 14.9 8.7 6.6 1.0 0.7 1.1 3.3 . 3.4 3.9 2.7 0.6 12.3 - 1.1 3.4 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.1 0.4 2.0 0.5 1.0 0.9 3.4 0.6 4.6 28.1 0.99 1.32 1.26 0.59 I i. 521-057 4830'-4860' 12.8 '11.6 6.6 6.1 1.1 0.7 1.1 3.0 2.3 4.0 2.9 0.7 18.8 - - 3.7 1.4 0.9 2.1 1.3 0.5 2.1 0.6 1..2 1.3 4.3 0.9 5.9 2.~ 27.8 1.30 1.08 1.28 0.63 521-060 5010'-5040' 23.8 21.8 12.0 6.5 0.8 0.9 1.0 3.0 2.4 2.7 2.5 0.4 5.2 - 0.7 3.2 0.6' 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.8 0.5 1.9 0.5 3.9 0.6 43.6 1.26 1.84 1.28 0.63 i i iii i i iiii nlllnm I II l i i ii i F'~I I * ppm values are expressed as volumes of gas per million volumes of cuttings Table IV Summary of Cl5+ Soxhlet Extraction, Deasphaltening and Liquid Chromatographyl ONl ll)l Nrltt A. Weights of Extracts and Chromatographic Fractions Weight of Chromat. Fractions GeoChem Well Weight of Total Precipitated n-C5 Sulfur Paraffin- Aromatics Eluted Noneluted Sample Interval Rock Extd. Extracts Asphaltenes Soluble Naphthenes NSO's NSO's Number (feet) (grams) (grams) (grams) {grams) (grams) {§rams) (grams) (grams) (grams) 521-006 1770'-1800' 100.0 0.0215 0.0151 0.0064 - 0.0012 0.0012 0.0010 0.0030 521-012 2130'-2160' 100.0 0.0710 0.0619 0.0091 - 0.0021 0.0030 0.0023 0.0017 521-018 2490'-2520' 100.0 0.0365 0.0216 0.0149 - 0.0008 0.0009 0.0018 0.0114 521-024 2850'-2880' 100.0 0.0785 0.0651 0.0134 - 0.0009 0.0010 0.0024 0.0091 521-030 3210'-3240' 100.0 0.0187 0.0161 0.0026 - 0.0011 0.0006 0.0007 0.0002 521-036 3570'-3600' 100.0 0.0126 0.0i12 0.0014 - 0.0005 0.0003 0.0001 0.0005 521-042 3930'-3960' 87.0 0.0165 0.0101 0.0064 - 0.0016 0.0015 0.0012 0.0021 521-048 4290'-4320' 100.0 0,0255 0.0132 0.0123 - 0.0013 0.0016 0.0026 0.0068 521-054 4650'-4680' 100.0 0.0207 0.0099 0.0108 - 0.0017 0.0021 0.0021 0.0049 521-060 5010'-5040' 100,0 0.0237 0.0122 0.0115 - 0.0013 0.0017 0.0020 0.0065 B. Concentration of Extracted Materials in Rock Hydrocarbons Nonhydrocarbons GeoChem Well Total Paraffin Aromatic TOT'AL SUlfur Preciptd. Eluted Noneluted TOTAl Sample Interval Extract Naphthene Asphaltene NSO's NSO's Number (feet) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) 521-006 521-012 521-018 521-024 521-030 521-036 521-042 521-048 521-054 521-060 1770'-1800' 2130'-2160' 2490 -2520' 2850 -2880' 3210 -3240' 3570 -3600' 3930 -3960' 4290 -4320' 4650 -4680' 5010 -5040' C. Composition of Extracts GeoChem Well Sample Interval Number (feet) 215 12 12 24 - 151 10 30 191 710 21 30 51 - 619 23 17 659 365 8 9 17 - 216 18 114 348 785 9 10 19 - 651 24 91 766 187 11 6 17 - 161 7 2 170 126 5 3 8 - 112 I 5 118 189 18 17 35 - 116 14 24 154 255 13 16 29 - 132 26 68 226 207 17 21 38 - 99 ~21 49 169 237 13 17 30 - 122 20 65 207 Hydrocarbon Nonhydrocarbon Paraffin Aromatic PN/AROM Sulfur Eluted Noneluted Precipitd. Asph/ HC's Naphthene NSO's NSO's Asphaltene NSO % % % % % % % HC/non HC 521-006 1770'-1800' 521-012 2130'-2160' 521-018 2490'-2520' 521-024 2850'-2880' 521-030 3210'-3240' 521-036 3570'-3600' 521-042 3930'-3960' 521-048 4290'-4320' 521-054 4650'-4680' 521-060 5010'-5040' 5.6 5.6 1.00 - 4.7 14.0 70.2 3.75 11.2 0.12 3.0 4.2 0.71 - 3.2 2.4 87.2 15.57 7.2 0.07 2.2 2.5 0.88 - 4.9 31.2 59.2 1,63 4.7 0.04 1.1 1.3 0.84 - 3.1 11.6 82.9 5.63 2.4 0.02 5.9 3.2 1.84 - 3.7 1.1 86.1 ~ 17.93 9.1 0.10 4.0 2.4 1.66 - 0.8 4.0 88.9 18.52 6.4 0.06 9.5 9.0 1.05 - 7.4 12.7 61.4 3.05 18.5 0.22 5.1 6.3 0.80 - 10.2 26.7 51.8 1.40 11.4 0.12 8.2 10.1 0.81 - 10.1 23.7 47,8 1.41 18.3 0.22 5.5 7.2 0.76 - 8.4 27.4 51.5 1.43 12.7 0.t4 v CONFIDENTIAl. Saturate Hydrocarbon Analyses Normalized Paraffin Distribution 521-006 521-012 521-018 521-024 521-030 nC15 nC16 nC17 ip-C19 nC18 ip-C20 nC19 nC20 nC21 nC22 nC23 nC24 nC25 nC26 nC27 nC28 nC29 nC30 nC31 nC32 nC33 nC34 nC35 1.1 1.5 0.9 1.2 0.4 0.8 1.6 1.0 2.4 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.3 5.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.1 4.2 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.1 6.6 0.8 0.1 0.3 0.5 3.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.7 4.5 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 3.0 0.4 1.3 1.9 1.7 2.4 0.4 4.5 5.1 5.2 2.7 1.6 9.5 8.8 10.5 2.4 4.4 13.2 10.9 12.9 1.8 8.7 15.8 13.1 15.4 2.7 13.7 14.2 11.1 13.2 4.2 14.7 13.2 11.6 12.0 10.5 16.8 8.7 8.9 7.5 10.8 11.7 6.9 7.3 6.6 10.2 11.2 3.3 3.9 2.9 5.7 5.3 2.7 4.6 2.9 7.5 4.8 0.7 1.9 0.5 3.9 0.8 0.4 1.3 0.3 2.7 0.7 - 0.4 - 1.2 0.2 % Paraffin % Isoprenoid % Naphthene CPI Index A CPI Index B ip-C19/ip-C20 18.9 8.2 12.0 15.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 80.8 91.6 87.6 84.1 1.10 1.20 3.50 1.13 1.12 1.17 1.22 1.27 1.28 3.33 2.25 1.50 CONFIDENTIAL Saturate Hydrocarbon Anal yses Normalized Paraffin Distribution 521 -036 521-042 521-048 521-054 521-060 nC15 nC16 nC17 ip-Clg nC18 ip-C20 nC19 nC20 nC21 nC22 nC23 nC24 nC25 nC26 nC27 nC28 nC29 nC30 nC31 nC32 nC33 nC34 nC35 2.6 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.3 3.9 2.3 2.6 4.8 2.6 3,4 3.1 3.6 6.5 3.3 4.4 6.0 7.2 8.6 6.3 2.3 2,7 '2,7 3.5 2.2 3.1 9.4 10.9 11.0 9.3 2.3 11.1 12.1 11.5 13.3 2.1 11.5 12,0 11.3 13.1 2.6 11.6 11.9 10.8 13.4 2.6 10.5 10.4 9.2 11.6 2.9 9.2 8.6 7.3 8.8 3.1 7.6 6.7 5.5 6.4 4,4 5.5 4.3 3.5 4.0 10.2 4.0 3.1 2.4 2.4 8.9 1.9 1.3 1.1 0.8 10,5 1,3 0.9 0.6 0.5 4.7 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 12.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.2 .... 3.6 .... 1.5 .... 0.5 -. - - - % Paraffin 2.5 22.2 23.2 20.1 18.0 % I soprenoid O, 1 1.4 1,5 2.2 1..0 % Naphthene 97.2 76.3 75.2 77.6 80.8 CPI Index A CPI Index B i p-C19/ip-C20 .21 .63 .44 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.04 1,19 1,25 1.21 1.21 1.14 1.29 1.81 1.46 CONFIDENTIAl Visual Kerogen Assessment Worksheet TYPE OF COLOR OF STATE OF DEPOSITIONAL MATURATION INDEX ORGANIC MATTER ORGANIC MATTER ORGANIC MATTER ENVIRONMENT GEOCHF. M No.~....~ DEPTH ' +~.~..~ 521-012 2160~ 521-018 2520' 52~-o~o ~; ~ ~__ 521-048 4320' 5~-o5~ ~; ,, ,,,,,,, ~ ,,,,,,, !~ ,,,,,,, 11 lllllll~ ~ ' ' ~ ~ ' I! lllllll1 11 III1111 I t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ Table V]I '"""' !TIA [ Data Values Plotted 'in ]nterpret~ve Diagram F~gure 5 GeoChem Normalized Cl-C7 Data Normalized C4-C7 Data Kerogen Abundance C15+ Hydrocarbon Sample Well C1 C2-C5 C5-C7 nP iP Na Ar Am H W C Number Interval % % % % % % % % % . % % % P-N/% Org. C % Total HC/% Org.¢ , 521-001 1501'-1511' 97,1 1,6 1,1 521-002 1530'-1560' 95.9 3.5 0.4 521-003 1590'-1620' 99,0 0,5 0,4 11,8 27,3 14,4 46,5 521-004 1650'-1680' 96,0 3,4 0,4 521-005 1710'-1740' 98,7 0,9 0.3 521-006 1770'-1800' 97,7 1.9 0.3 29,2 38,1 11,3 21,4 - 27,2 36,4 36.4 22.4 44.8 521-007 1830'-1860' 96,3 2.9 0,7 521-008 1890'-1920' 95,2 4,3 0,4 521-009 1950'-1980' 97,9 1.5 0,5 27,2 34,2 10,9 27,7 521-010 2010'-2040' 96,8 2,6 0,5 521-011 2070'-2100' 98.0 1.4 0,4 521-012 2130'-2160' 95,7 3,3 0,8 27,3 27,7 10,1 34,9 8,4 33,3 25,0 33,3 13,6 32.7 521-013 2190'-2220' 97,3 2.2 0,4 521-014 2250'-2280' 98,0 1.6 0.3 521-015 2310'-2340' 96,7 2,6 0,6 24,2 27,5 10,3 38,0 521-016 2370'-2400' 97,2 2,4 0,3 I 521-017 2430'-2460' 98.4 1.2 0.3 521-018 2490'-2520' 96,9 2,6 0,4126'3 32,9 10,2 30,6 8.4 33,3 25,0 33,3 12,2 26.1 521-019 2550'-2580' 97,2 2,4 0,3 521-020 2610'-2640' 98,2 1,3 0,4 521-021 2670'-2700' 98.5 '1,1 0.3 19,7 17,4 10,4 52,5 521-022 2730'-2760' 99,3 0,4 0.2 521-023 2790'-2820' 99.3 0,5 0,1 521-024 2850'-2880' 98.7 0.7 0,5 17,1 25,9 11,4 45,6 15,4 23,0 30,8 30,8 3,0 6.6 521-025 2910'-2940' 97,4 2,0 0,5 521-026 2970'-3000' 97,2 2,1 0,5 521-027 3030'-3060' 98,6 1,0 0,2 35,0 46,3 7,4 11,3 521-028 3090'-3120' 97,5 1,9 0,4 521-029 3150'-3180' 98,2 1,4 0.2 521-030 3210'-3240' 92,4 7,0 0.4 21,8 47,1 17,8 13,3 23,0 30.8 15,4 30,8 21,8 33.7 521-031 3270'-3300' 98,5 1,1 0,2 521-032 3330'-3360' 98,8 0,9 0,1 521-033 3390'-3420' 97.4 2.3 0,2 45,5 44,0 7,1 3,4 521-034 13450'-3480' 96,7 2,8 0,4 521-035 3510'-3540' 96,9 2,7 0,2 521-036 3570'-3600' 97,4 2,2 0.2 41,4 48,9 6,1 3,6 16,7 33,3 16,7 33,3 16,6 26,6 521-037 3630'-3660' 97,3 2,3 0,2 521-038 3690'-3720' 99,1 0,5 0,3 521-039 3750'-3780' 98,1 1,2 0,5 41,2 46,1 7,3 5,4 52!-040 3810'-3840' 96,2 3,3 0,4 521-041 3870'-3900' 97,4 2,2 0,2 521-042 3930'-3960' 98.8 0,8 0,3 24,9 42,6 14,4 18,1 21,4 21,4 28,6 28,6 30,6 59.6 521-043 3990'-4020' 99,1 0.6 0.2 521-044 4050'-4080' 97,6 1,8 0,5 521-045 4110'-4140' 98,7 0,9 0,3 39,8 42,1 21,2 16,9 521-046 4170'-4200' 97,9 1,7 0,2 521-047 4230'-4260' 96,2 3,3 0,4 521-048 4290'-4320' 98,0 1.5 0,3 30,8 45,8 10,7 12,7 21,4 21.4 28,6 28,6 20.4 45.6 521-049 4350'-4380' 98.6 1,0 0,3 521-050 4410'-4440' 98.7 0,9 0,2 521-051 4470'-4500' 99,2 0,5 0,2 23,5 43,3 16,6 16,6 521-052 4530'-4560' 98.8 0.9 0.2 521-053 4590'-4620' 98.6 1,0 0.3 521-054 4650'-4680' 97,2 2,3 0,3 28,8 42,4 14,6 14,2 16,7 33,3 16,7 33,3 27.3 61,0 521-055 4710'-4740' 97,7 1,7 0.4 521-056 4770'-4800' 98,7 0,9 0,3 521-057 4830'-4860' 98,4 1.0 0,4 26,0 35,8 17,3 20,9 521-058 4890'-4920' 99,0 0,7 0,2 ~21-059 4950'-4980' ~8,2 0,8 0.3 )21-060 5010'-5040' 98,4 1,2 0.2 32,9 48,1 13,2 5,8 15,4 30.8 23,0 30.8 26.2 60.4 APPENDIX A CONFIDENTIAL Brief Description of Organic Geochemical Analyses Performed in This Smd}, C1-C 7 Hydrocarbon The Cl-C7 hydrocarbon content and composition of sediments reflects source type, source quality and thermal maturity. The Cl-C7 hydrocarbon content of well cuttings is determined by analyzing both a sample of the cuttings and the air space at the top of the can. The re- sults of the two analyses are summed to give an inventory of the C1-C7 hydrocarbon content of the well cuttings prior to any losses from the cuttings during the lapsed time period between collection at the wellsite and laboratory analysis. The air space Ci-C7 hydrocarbon analysis involves taking a measured volume of the air space gas out of the can with a syringe and injecting same into a gas chromatograph. GeoChem uses a Varian Aerograph Model 1400 instrument equipped with a porapac Q colunm. The gas sample is taken through the column by a carrier gas and before reaching the detector is separated into its various C1 (methane),C2 (ethane), C3 (propane), lC4 (isobutane), nC4 (normal butane), and C5, C6, C7 hydrocarbon components. This particular analysis gives a complete separation of the C1-C4 gas-range hydrocarbons and a partial separation of the C5-C7 gasoline-range hydrocarbons. (A detailed C4-C7 analysis, to be discussed later, involving a capillary column, effects a complete separation of this molecular range into its several individual molecular species). The electrical response of the various hydrocarbons as they reach the detector is recorded on a paper strip chart as a peak. This response is simultaneously. fed to an integrator which computes the area of each peak. The concentration of C1-C7 hydrocarbons in the air space, expressed as volumes of gas per million volumes of cuttings, is determined by a calculation involving the volume of cuttings, volume of air space in the can, volume of sample injected, volume of standard gas sample used in the calibration, calibration factor for C1, C2, CONFIDENTIAL The C1-C7 hydrocarbon data from the air space and cuttings gas analyses are summed to give a "restored" C1-C7 hydrocarbon content of the cuttings. This data is recorded in Table I-C andplotted on the well profile of Figure 1. Sample Washing and Hand Picking of Uncaved Lithologs~ Samples The cuttings samples are washed to remove all drilling mud from the cuttings. Care is taken in the washing procedure not to remove any soft clays, claystones, etc. and any loose fine sand and silt. The washed cuttings are usually kept under water cover tmtil picked, to prevent loss of any gasoline-range hydrocarbons. Using the C1-C7 hydrocarbon data profile and the electrical well log supplied to us and our visual ex- amination of the cuttings material under the binocular microscope, we carefully hand pick and describe a suite of uncaved lithologies representative of the various strati- graphic zones penetrated by the well. A gross lithological description of the samples is presented in Table II along with organic carbon values. The lithological data is used to compile a gross litho percentage log which is shown on all Figures. The 2-4 gram picked lithology samples are stored under water in small glass vials in those instances where we wish to run detailed C4-C7 hydrocarbon analyses. This sample set is used not only for the C4-C7 hydrocarbon analysis, but also for the visual kero- gert and total organic carbon analyses. All remaining cuttings material is dried and packaged in labelled plastic bags for possible C15+ soxhlet extraction and/or eventual return to the client. Sample material from this study will be retained at GeoChem until we are advised about its disposition. Detailed C4-__C7 Hydrocarbon The C4-C7 gasoline-range hydrocarbon content of sediments reflects source quality, thermal maturation and organic facies. Compositional data can be used in crude oil - parent rock correlation work. The C4-C7 hydrocarbon content and detailed molecular composition of hydrocarbon, in hand-picked lithologies, is determined by a gc analysis of the light hydrocarbons ex- tracted from 1-2 gram cuttings samples macerated in a microblender. A measured volume of sample is placed in a sealed microblender along with a measured volume of hot water. The rock sample is pulverized by the blades of the blender. A sample of the liberated light hydrocarbons which collect in the air space at the top of the blender is injected into our Varian Aerograph 1400 gc unit which is equipped with a capillary column. Data recording, computations etc, are comparable to those used for the C1-C7 analysis discussed previously in this report. Hydrocarbon concentration is expressed as volume gas per million volumes of cuttings. The detailed C4-C 7 hydrocarbon data is recorded in Table III, and plotted in Figure 2. ii T'he total organic carbon content of a rock is a measure of its total organic riekness. This data is used, in conjunction wi. th visual kero~en and Cz-C~, C4-C7 and C15+ hydrocarbon content of a rock, to ~dieate the hydrocarbon source quality of rocks. The procedure for determining the total organic carbon content of a rock involves dry- ing the sample, grinding to a powder, weighing out 0.2729 gram sample into a crucible, aeidizing with hot and cold hydrochloric acid to remove calcium and magnesium car- bonate, and carbon analysis by combustion in a Leco carbon analyzer. We run several blank crucibles, standards (iron rings of known carbon content) and duplicate rock samples in this analysis at no additional charge to the client for pur- poses of data quality control. The organic carbon data is recorded in Table II, and plotted in Figure 3. C_15.+ Soxhlet Extraction.~ Dea.sphaltening and Chromatographic Separation The amount and composition of the organic matter which can be solvent-extracted from a rock, reflects source qualtiy and source type. C13/C12 carbon isotopic, high mass spectrometric and ge analyses of the paraffin-naphthene and aromatic hydrocarbon frac- tions of the soluble extract gives data which is used in crude oil - parent rock correla- tions. This analysis involves grinding of a dry rock sample to a powder and removal of the soluble organic matter by soxhlet extraction using a benzene-methanol solvent. Where the amount of available sample material permits, we like to use at least 100 grams of rock for this analysis. The extracted bitumen is separated into an asphaltene (Asph) and a pentane soluble frac- tion by normal pentane precipitation. 'The pentane soluble components are separated into a saturate hydrocarbon (P-N), aromatic hydrocarbon (AROM) and nitrogen-sulfur- oxygen containing fraction (NSO) by adsorption chromatography on a silica gel-alumina coltlmn. All C15+ compositional data is reported in Tables IV-A,IV-B and IV-C, and plottedin Fig. 3. GC. Analysis of C15+ Paraffin-Naphthene Hydrocarbons The content and molecular composition of the heavy C15+ paraffin-naphthene hydrocarbons of rocks, as determined by gc analysis, reflects source quality, source type and degree of thermal maturation. iii CONFIDENTIAL In this a~alysis, we subject a very small fraction of the total amount of the P-N fraction extracted from a rock sample to gc analysis. The gas chromatograph is a Varian Aero- graph Model 1400 equipped with a solid rod injection system and a eutectic column. The chromatographic traces are shown in Figure. 4 and the compositional data obtained for the C15' paraffin-naphthene (P-N) is reported in Table V. In this study, the calculated C. P.I. (carbon preference index) values for the normal paraffin data, is defined as the mean of two ratios xvhich are determined by dividing the sum of concentrations of odd-carbon numbered n-paraffins by the sum of even-carbon numbered n-paraffins. The Co Po Indices A and B were obtained by the formulas: C21+C23+C25+C27 + C21+C23+C25+C27 C. P. Index A = C22+C24+C26+C28 C20+C22+C24+C26 2 C. P. Index B = C25+C27+C29+C31 + C25+C27+C29+C3_1 C 26+C 28+C30+C32 C24+C26+C 28+C30 These C. P.I. values are recorded in Table V, and are plotted on Figure 4. Visual Keroge_n -- A visual study of kerogen, the insoluble organic matter in rocks, can indicate the rela- tive abundance, size, and state of preservation of the various recognizable kerogen types and thereby indicate the hydrocarbon source character of a rock. The color of the kero- gert can be used to indicate the state of thermal rmturity of the sediments (i.e. their time-temperature history). Thermal maturation plays an important role in the genera- tion of hydrocarbons from organic matter, and also affects the composition of reser- voired hydrocarbons. Our procedure for visual kerogen slide preparation involves isolation of the organic matter of a rock by removal of the rock material with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid treatment and heavy liquid separation. This procedure is comparable to that used by the palynologist except it does not include an oxidation stage. (The oxidation treatment is deleted from our procedure because it removes a great deal of kerogen and blanches any remaining kerogen to an extent whereby it is useless for our kerogencolor observa- tions). The kerogen residue is mounted on a glass slide and is examined visually under a high power microscope. The kerogen assessment is noted in Table VI, and are plotted in Figure 3. iv FIGURE 1 SUmmARY OF ORGANIC ANALYSES c1-C7 HYDROCARBON n IFfDE T A[ LITHO %' LOG I 50 160 50 LIME CLAY [] SILT ~AND COAL CHERT [] TILLITE [] DRILLING CENENT .ECT.,O,~LO~ C1 'C4 HYDROCARBON a II I10 1000 10000 I10000 U ~ ''~""'JI I I1~,~,[ I II'HllI I I II,llr c~-c4 i l i I ! I 11 III 1101 10000 II1000 PPHVALUES EXPRESSED AS VOLUMES OF GAS PER HILLION VOLUNES OF SEDIHENT %WET NESS O 25 50 75 110 ! i 0 25 50 C5-C7.HYDROCARBON 10 ItO I 1000 ?,1~00 1700 i,i iiiiiiI i i i ii!1 I i iii ii i i iii 1# IIIII PPH VALUES EXPRESSED AS VOLUNES OF OAS PER NII~LION V01..UNES OF SEDIHENT iQ4/n C4 o! I IHO00 0 I 2 lC4 · ISO-lUTAN[ nC4 · NOI~IAL gOT~ FIGURE 2 SUMMARY OF ORGANIC ANALYSES ,:: ,,. - ,:: ~. ,-,.,.0,~o¢^,,~o,,, C 0 N FI D E N T IA [ LITHO % LOG 50 lO0 50 100 LIME CLAY SILT 8AND' COAL CHERT TILLITE DRILLING CEHENT O lO 7' CONTENT 100 1000 10000 I iiiiiiI i i lllfllI i i llllll CH / MCP MCP/MCH 100000 eO 1 2 3® I I ! llSll I tillltl I ItairnJ I I Illilll i i1[1111 100 1000 10000 1006Ol PPH VALUES EXPRESSED AS VOLUHES OF GAS PER H'LL ~ON VOLUMES OF SEDIHENT c ~ c ~ I I o I 2 CH = CYCLOHEXANE MCP METHYLCYCLOPENTANE HCH = HETHYLCYCLOHEXANE MOLECULAR RATIOS NORMAL PARAFFINS /3MP it5/3r~e (~o nC5 ,nC6,nC7 2uP ~ 2 o - - 30 I ]0 2~) 0 I 2 tC5 - I$O-PEHTN, IE 2.nCl~ flORId, AL PENTAN£ 2-HETHYLPENTAN[ 3-1~ - 3-HETHYLPENTAN[ i I I lO 20 PERCENT C5 IN. C&-C7 PERCENT C6 IN C&-C7 PERCENT C7 IN C~-C? LITHO % L~ 6 50 100 ~c~CTmC^C cO~ FIGURE 3 SUMMARY OF ORGANIc ANALYSES SOURCE CHARACTER C 0 ~ ~:1 ~ T ~ T! ~. [ VISUAL KEROGE" MATURATION TYPE ORGANIC MATTER ORGANIC , e INDEX C A R BO N DATA CONTENT C15 . EXTRACT ION ~ooo i i i i , , i , , t w-C; H;- H-C;W;Am H-C;W;Am w-C;H;Am H-C;Am;W H-C;Am-W;- W-C;Am-H;- w_C;Am-H;- H-C;Am-W;- H-C;W;Am 5Q llO LIME CLA~ SILT SAND COAL CHERT TILLIT£ DRILLING CEI'IENT O t 2 i P$CKEO CuTTI~6$ SIDE-NALL C0#POSITE CUTTINES O ].oo 50O tQO0 15~ PPH VALUES ON A WEIGHTX~WEIGHT BASIS P-N AROM S NSOASPH 0 Kerogen Key =REDONtNANT: SEcONOARY:TRACE 60-100~ 20-&0 y' 1-20f, &l ' ALGAL Am - N40KPHOUS-SAPROP[L H . H£RE~ACF. OUS-$POR{ICUT[CLE N . ~000Y · ~0AL¥ UflIOENTIFIED OxoP-N 1o 2o -012 -018 -024 __ -030 -036 __ -042 -- -048 -060 o 1o 20 -006 24 2S 22 23 23 22 0t 32 22 21 21 NApHTHENE .~ 1~ I~a a~ ~2o 2~ 28 21 22 32 34 25 20 17 16 -042 -048 21 '~2 22 · 2,4 25 31 22 23 19 2,4 25 2'/ 8 b ' 627 2930 31 323317 28 293 31 32 I',!A PI.,i TH 16 3 25 2§ 24 2~ 28 23 22 · FIGURE 4 -01;8 -024 i [ ,, -030 .~,,~'~ -036 25 2 33 30 24 3O 29 31 28 2*'/ 27 22 23 33 26 32 26 34 17 8 25 a 25 22 17 a 18 16 b 19 16 19 24 b 20 23 i~A PlITHENES 2O 24 21 22 21 16 a b19 20 21 19 24 18 a 262? 22 2, 22 -o6o St, .ndard 23 19 24 25, 17 b 20 21 22 23242 26 272829 3031 18 2'/ 16 28 17 ' 29~0 1 FIGURE INTERPRETATIVE . DIAGRAM RIOH N E SS -MATU R ITY- M IGRAT ION NORMALIZED PERCENT C1- C7 HYDROCARBON 0 50 100 NORMALIZED PERCENT C4-7 NP normal paraffins IP isoparaffins NA naphthenes AR aromatics 0 SO t i t I I I i I I 0 50 100 NP iP NA [ t I I I i' I I I 50 100 N.R tP. NA. ~ AR. l--'-i GENERATION MATURATION 100 0 REWORKED WOODY COALY RELATIVE KEROGEN TYPE C15+ DATA & % P-N/%Corg. ~ ABUNDANCE %TOTAL H.C./%C. org?. 5o loo, o 5o lOO o ! I' II I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1' I 50 1O010 50 1O( 0 RELIC' AHORPHOUS m 0//OO P'--N' IN EXTRACT O' HERBACEOUS ~l---1 "~/~ H.C. IN EXTRA~T~OC'OR6' P-N HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION C.P.I. INDEX A · C.P.I. INDEX B · 1.0 2.0 3J) I I , I 1.0 2.0 3.0 z!.E RATING PRESENT SOURCE CHARACTER IMMATURE VERY POOR OIL AND ASSOCIATEC GAS SOURCE NO LIQUID HYDROCARBON GENERATION UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1:'.0. :Box 259 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Atlantic Richfield Company P.O. Box 360 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Gentlemen: August 18, 197~__ J 3 ENG J 4 ENG J 5 ENO 30 OL; ........ J,REV J DRAFI' J SEC CONFER: FILE.. We Wish to correct and modify parts of the subject permit issued to your company on July 18, 1975, to drill a deep Stratigraphic test on OCS landS in.the Gulf of Alaska. Specifically, we wish to correct the Cdnditions of Approval attached to the permit,as follows- 5. Change the referenced regulation from 30 CFR 221.58 to 30 CFR 250.92. 7. Replace the entire paragraph with the following: "Samples shall be collected and distributed to the Geological Survey in the same amounts and in the same mammer as to participants in the program. Samples are to be furnished to the Area Geologist, 800 A Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99510, unless other arrangements are approved by the Oil and-Gas Supervisor." Enclosure We are attaching a corrected.coPy of the Conditions of Approval. If you have any questions on' the above modifications, please contact this office. · S.incer~ly yours, / ROdney A. Smith Oil and Gas Supervisor Alaska Area Director AU6 2 5 19,75 Alaska Division of Oil and Gas 3001 Porcupine Drive ',.,., ,:. .. Anchorage, Alaska 99504 CORRECTED COPY AUGUST 18, 197,5 CONDITIONS OF-APPROVAL COMPANY WELL NO. Atlantic Richfield Company ~Alaska Cost No. 1 All operatiOns are to be conducted in such a manner that full compliance is made.with OCS Orders l, 2, 3,.and 7, and the following conditions of approval. 1. There shall be no material deviation from the proposed drilling as approved except by approval of the Supervisor. Safe drilling and operating practices must be observed in regard to equipment and personnel. The use and frequency of testing of blowout pre- vention equipment is outlined in'OCS Order No. 2. 2. All shows of fresh water and minerals will be reported and protected. · 3. The surface casing shall be cemented.fromthe surface pipe shoe to 800' (a 200' cement tie with the conductor-pipe). A temperature or cement bond~survey shall be run following cementing of the surface and intermediate casing strings to verify that the casing has been adequately cemented unless %he cement is circulated to the ocean floor. 4. Operator shall maintain a daily record of: (1) the components of the mud system (volume and physical or chemical content),. (2) volume of waste drilling mud discharged into the ocean. Where measurement is not practical, estimated volumes should be recorded. This record should be maintained at the drill site aud~ composite reports furnished upon completion of drilling operations. 5. "Sundry Notices and Reports on Wells" (Form 9-331) will be filed for all changes of plans and other operations in accordance with 30 . CFR 250.92. Emergency approval may be obtained verbally, but such approval does not waive the written report requirement. Commencement of operations will be reported promptly by Sundry Notice. 6. During drilling operations, daily reports summarizing the operations shall be timely filed in duplicate with the Area 0il and Gas Supervisor. 7. "Samples shall be collected and distributed to the Geological Survey in the same amounts and in the same manner as to participants in the program. Samples are to be furnished to the Area Geologist 800 "A" Street, Anchorage, AIaska 99510, unless other arrangements are approved by the Oil and Gas Supervisor". ~ailin~ Address Area Oil and Gas SBpervisor P.O. Box 259 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Office Address Room 205, 800 A Street Telephone: Office: 278-3571 Night : 333-4630 279-4996 337-2619 Form SA 1 To F- Bruce Barrett, ADF&G Dale ~¢allington, DEC O. K. Gilbret_h, Div. O&G Ross Schaff, Div. G&G Surveys FROM Chief, ~iinerals Secti Dl¥i$1g l OF OIL AND GAS DATE: SUBJECT: August 14, 1975 C.O.S.T. Well - ARCO Enclosed is a copy of a letter frcm ARCO explaining ~Tnat data that has been supplied to this office. If you need a copy of any of ~hese confidential reports, please feel;:free to notify us. Note: Please refer to File number when requesting ififormation. AI~sk~. R egio n/'~ Post Office Be. 30 Anchorage.. Alaska 995'i0 Telephone 907 277 5037 Jesse P. Johnson South Alaska Distric~ Manage~' August 11, 1975 Mr. Michael C. T. Smith, Director Division of Lands Department of Natural Resources 323 East Fourth Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Dear Mr. Smith: Atlantic Richfield Company is currently in the process of drilling a Stratigraphic Test Well in the Gulf of Alaska. This well is being drilled for and on behalf of Atlantic Richfield, Amoco, Gulf and Sun, and pursuant to the attached notice, others may elect to participate and secure the information and data which the well is designed to develop. We are aware of the State's interest in the subject well, and are pleased to file with the Department of Natural Resources the following: Exhibits from a preliminary report presented to State and Federal agencies of a marine biological survey of primary and alternate well sites. The exhibits include a list of attendees, field notes, daily operation logs, eco sounding charts, and temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen profiles. The final report will be presented to you when it is completed. We are filing the data in sealed envelopes with the request and understanding that the data will be kept confidential in accordance with the provisions of AS 38.05.035(a) (9) until the release of such data is authorized by those participating in the drilling of the well. While the submittal of this data should not be construed as a commitment_on our_part to make-.such filings in the future, you can be assured of our continued interest in cooperating with the Department of Natural Resources and other State agencies in matters of mutual interest. Very truly yours,_~ ...-~ ,.--" /? -: ,.:...: :,. , ,,, . ~jj'/Jesse P. 'Johnson JPJ: mf Encl. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF. ThE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL sUrVEY P.O. Box 259 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Atlantic RiChfield ~y P.O. Box 360 Anchorage, 'Alaska 99510 Atten~on: Mr. Howard A. Slack Vice President July 18, 1975 · Re: OCS Permit #75-60 Gentlemen:. . . · Your application dated June 4, 1975,. and.suppl~nental information' requests that Atlantic Richfield Company acting as operator, for a group of oil .and gas producing ccmpanies ccmprising the Continental Offshore Stratigraphic (OOST) Group be granted a geological permit to drill a deep stratigraphic test .on Outer Continental Shelf lands in the Gulf of Alaska. You propose to drill a-stratigraphic test well to a depth of 16,500 feet at an off-structure location about 19 miles frcm shore in approximately 570 feet of water utilizing the ~ CONCEPTION, a drillship owned by Global' Marine Drilling Company. The pr~ frcm the west line and 2255.5 metres frcm the north line of traCt 196, OCS Map 7-1, Icy Bay 'with 'an alternate location 1752.6 metres frcm the north line and 1021.1 metres frc~ the east line of tract 239, OCS Map 7-1, Icy Bay. .. ~~ the authority-of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (67 Stat. 462, 43 USC 1331-1343) and pursuant to authority granted 'by the Secretary of the 'Interior in Federal Register Notice .(F.R. Doc. 64-2450) dated March 7, 1964, and Federal Pegister Notice (F.R. Doc. 74-29190) dated' December 11, 1974, your application with supplements is hereby approved except as mOdified by this pemmit and subject to the conditions of approval and stipulations attached hereto. -This pennit is designated OCS Permit - #75-60 and any correspondence pertaining thereto should contain that reference. · · . .. .. . . The Specific location and plan for the primary site has been reviewed an appr~ copy of the permit to drill is attached. Your proposal for a post drilling marine survey and your plan for environ- mental and rig' performance measurements, which were received on July 17, 1975, are presently .under consideration and our ccmm~_nts on these plans will be furnished as soon as possible. We believe the post marine survey and the collection of environmental data are an in%oortant addition to the overall program. We wish to ~liment you on the complete and successful presite marine survey. The information frc~ the presite survey, ccmbined with that frcm a similar post drilling survey should be a significant contribution to the understanding of marine resources and evaluating the effects of drilling operations on the If you hav~ any questions concerning this permit, please contact this office. Sincerely, Enclosures Rodney A. Smith Oil and Gas Supervisor Alaska Area STItRfTATIONS FOR GULF OF ALASKA 1975 cosT PROGRAM A. General Rm~,~ rements l. This permit is designated Alaska OCS Pemit #75-60 and 'all subsequent correspondenoe and reports shall refer to this~t designation. It is understood that this permit may be amended, suspended or revoked at any %imm should circumstances develop which in the judge- n~_nt of the Supervisor warrant such action. All operations under this permit shall be conducted'in such a manner so as not to interfere with or endanger operations under a lease, cause undue ham to aquatic life, cause pollution, create hazardous or unsafe conditions, unreaSOnably interfere with other uses of ~he area or disturb any site,, structure, or object of historical or archeological significance. Any conflict with other users or condi- tions which may result in pollution, hazardous or unsafe conditions or undue harm to aquatic life, and.., any serious accident, personnel injury, Or loss of property shall be reported i~ediately to the Supervisor. . Prior to ccmnencement of work, this office shall be furnished evidence that a bond in the amount of $100,000 of the type provided for in 43 CFR 3304.1 conditioned upon cc~pliance with the terms · herein has been filed with the Bureau of Land Management, unless he already maintains with or' furnishes?~to the Bureau of Land Manage- ment a bond conditioned upon ccmpliance with the terms of exploration permits issued to him on the Outer Continental Shelf in the Alaska · OCS areas. Said bond shall be maintained by the permittee during the term of this .pe~mit. If the bond is to cover only a specific project, the fora must be modified prior to execution to reflect an amount of $100,000. AnY new bonds furnished for operations on Alaska OCS lands should be filed with the Manager, Alaska OCS Office, Bureau of Land Managenent, P.O. Box 1159, Anchorage, Alaska, 99510. . The proposed program will be advertised for group participation affording all interested persons an opportunity to participate on a shared cost basis. It shall provide for late .participation on a cost-sharing basis with a .pehalty for late participation of not more than 100 percent of the cost to each original parti- cipant..-The, direct cost %o 'a-participant in a geglogical explor--.~ ation program Shall be ccnt0uted'by dividing the total .oost of the program .by the number of participants and. such figure shall be revised when additional (including. late) participants join the group. Prior to ccmnencing operations; the permittee' Shall furnish the Supervisor. with a ccmplete list 'of partici~ts, and Shall also sUt~it notification of all late' joinders to the" pr.~ram. . . Se 0 The permittee sh~ll notify all other' appropriate agencies' prior to cc~mencing operations under this permit and shall conduct all operations in accordance with their'jurisdictional requirements. This specifically includes the following and may include other Federal and State agencies: C~mmander, Third Fleet FPO San FrancisCO 96610 17th Coast Guard District Aids to Navigation Branch P.O. Box 3-5000 Juneau, Alaska 99801 The data acquired u~x~_r this permit and the processed information derived therefrom after it bas been proce§~ed for the permittee's own use or for delivery to any third party shall be suhnitted to the Supervisor. Processed geophysical information is data in analog or digital format, the form of. which has, in order to facilitate interpretation, been changed through processing operations including, but not limited to, the application of COrrections for known perturbing causes, the rearrangement of the data, filtration to remove erroneous signals and interference, and the C~nbination and transformation of data elements, processed geological information includes (1) Accurate and ccmplete records of all geological and geo- chemical data resulting frcm each drilling operation; (2) Paleontological reports identifying microscopic fossils by depth (not resulting age inter- pretations based upon such identifiCation) unless washed samples are· are .maintained by the pennittee for paleontological determination and are made available for inspection by the U.S. Geological Survey; (3) Copies of logs or charts- of electrical, radioactive,~.~.~sonic, and other well logging operations;. (4) Analysis of cores or bottom samples or a representative cut or split'of the core or bottC~ sample; and (5) Detailed descriptions of any hydrocarbon shows or hazardous conditions encountered during operations, including near losses· of well Control, abnormal geopressures, and losses of circulation. The intent, of .this provision is to obtain for the U. S. 'Geological Survey without COst the .information which, the pennittee .processes for his own use or supplies to third parties. It is not intended ·to require the permittee to supply interpreted, as distinguished frcm processed, in- fonmation. Geological and geophysical data, including processed information relating to suhnerged lands on the Outer Continental Shelf collected pursuant to this permit and suhnitted to the Supervisor as outlined above, shall be made available for public inspection by the Supervisor as follows: . (a)" Geophysical data including processed information - ten years. after issu_~nce of a permit to conduct exploration. · {! . (b)' GeologiCal data and processed information: o · (1) ~iate release thr0.u~ public notice of the discovery dur'.xng drilling operations of oil shows and enviroma~tal hazards on unleased lands when these' Shows or hazards are judged to be significant by the' Director. (2) Ten years after is~,_mnce of the pennit to conduct explor- ation except for deep stratigraphiC 'drilling. (3) Five years after the date of ccmple~on of a test well or 60 calendar days after the issuance of the first Federal lease within 50 geograPhic miles of the drilling site,' whichever' is earliest, for deepl stratigraPhic drilling. ' · B. Operating Requirers . NO operation 'Under this permit shall be conducted except in the presence of a Federal or'n~n-Federal inspector as designated'and approved by the Supervisor. Exception 'to this requirer my be granted' for specific tkqrts of the program but any exception must haVe prior .-approval of the Supervisor. The permittee .shall furnish quarters, subsistance and transporation, for Federal and non-Federal inspectors as may be .required. 0 Furnish this .office with' the emergency operating procedures 'and rec~re- ments for'safety meetings and drills ..' and receive approval of these plans prior to ~m~m~ncing operations. Safe_ty meetings should be conducted at least weekly with all personnel present and drills should be conducted at least once per week for each crew. 0 Daily' reports shall be furnished the Supervisor stating the current status and well operations. A sun~ary of~.~.~!! w~rk performed 'under this permit shall be furnished within 30 days of cc~ple~on of the program. 4~ The permit~ shall conduct multisensored acoustic profiling across each prOpOsed drill site in a pattern necessary to determine water depth, overburden thickness and shallow structural detail, and shall conduct geophysical surveys 'sufficient to determine the possible existance of any sites, structures or objects of historical or archeological significance that may be effected by the proposal. No drilling shall take place until after the geophysical surveys have been reviewed by the"Ge°logical Survey and approval to ~ce drilling has been received frcm the Supervisor. Se 6~ The permittee agrees that, prior to any drilling activity, he will· conduct biological surveys for the purpose of determining site biological values. 'The results of the surveys will be used by the Supervisor to de~e :if any Special requirem~nts are necessary' regarding~ the discharge of drilling mud or... cuttings at the drill site. Maintain.an ~ency standby'vessel-in the ~ate vicinity of the drilling vessel at all times during .drilling. and coring operations · or keep the vessel in Sufficiently close proximity and condition'.to act as'an emergency standby 'vessel. No drilling should be 'conducted unless unless .there is a standby vessel within one mile of. the drilling vessel. . .. · e e The permittee shall sutm~t to this office an oil spill contingency plan and a description of all equipment and material available to the permittee for use in containment and recovery of an oil spill, with a description of the capabilities of such equipment under different sea and weather conditions. The Plan will .also include the proposed method and location for disposal of oil.~ All drilling operations, shall be conducted in accordance with the OCS operating regulations, 30 CFR 250, and the provisions of the proposed OCS-Orders for the Gulf of Alaska, particularly OCS Orders No. 2, No. 3, and No.' 7, as published in the~ Federal Register (F.P~ 40, No. 3, ~bnday, January 6, 1975). Upon cc~pletion of operations, the ocean floor shall be cleared of all .obstructions that might be considered a possible hazard to navigation or to other users of the sea. Ail waste and debris resulting from this operation shall be disposed of in accordance with proposed Gulf of Alaska OCS Order No. 7 unless the results of the biologic surveys require modification thereof. 0. Form ~-~IC ~ SUBMIT ~II~.I?LICATE$ -'; (M.y,,~) sTATES (Other'dct'oIBI Oil dNITED rc,er,~ ,,de) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY --AMENDED-- --AMENDED-- APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO DRILL, DEEPEN, OR PLUG BACK 1R. TYPE OF WORK DRILL r~ DEEPEN I-'1 PLUG BACK I-] b. T,,,O,W,LL GEOLOGICAL STRATI-- W''~-'~- [--1 0,, FI O'HERGRAPHICAL TEST ~ON, gO,, WELL ~. NAMR OF OPERATO'" ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANy ~. ADDREBS OF OP]gRATOR P. '0. BOX 360, ANCHORAGE., ALASKA 99510 LOCATION OF WELL (Relmrt location clearly and in accordance with any State requirements,e) Atsurface 1828.8m FWL, 2255.5m FNL Bl'ock 1382N-76E OCS Sale Map Icy~Bay No. 7-1 (1974) At proposed prod. zone · · 14. DISTANCE IN MILES AND DIRECTION FROM NEAREST TOWN OR POST OFFICRe 29 mi]es Southwest from Yakataqa 1~. DISTANCE FROM PROI~SED* ~ ~ ~% ~u ~. ~ ~ - l_ { 16. NO. OF ACRE8 ~ LEABI ~ATION ~ NEAREST ] ~, ~m rWL OT ~10CK I FKOPERT~ OR LEASE LINE, ~. I ~1 '~r I 18. ms~Ascz Yao~ ~R0~OSEV ~CA~OS*' 'qm~; ~n~; ~Cq M~hlg. PROPOSED VESTa - ~ NEAREST WELL, DRILLING, COM~LETED~ ~J ~ ~ .s s~ . ' .'- : 16,500' 21. EL1BVATIONS (Show whethm' DF, RT, GR, etc.) .. 23. Fora aJ~proved. Budget ~ureau No. 4~-R1425. 5. LEASE DEBIONATION AND BERIAL NO. N/A- ~ "' 6. Ir I.NDIAN, ALLOTTEE OR'TRIBE NAME UNIT AGREEMENT NAME4 F.~ oR LEASE. NAM'"- c'osf ~:' · ... GEOLOgiCaL ~ESi. A~D suav=~ o~ ~a=~ B 0C 1382N-76E . 17. NO..OF AcaEs ASSla..N. RD ~., ~ k. "'~ TO THIS'WELL .. 20. ~o~Aa~ o~'c~m ~o~ 567' Water 9.epth ~ T ='Ouljv ~:F. 1975; , . .. ;. ~- . .... PROPOSED CASING AND CEMENTING PROGR~ :" " B/ZE OF HOLE SIZE OF CASING 36" 30" 26" 20" 17-1/2" ]3,3/8" 12-1/4" 9-5/8" See attached for detai 1 s. WEIGHT PER FOOT -' 3!0# , 133# 68// & 72# 47# SETTING DEPTH ] :~ - ]' ~.UANTITT OF~Cr-MENT~_' 150'(l) · Minimum Of' 750 Sxs 1000" (BML) Minimum of. 1600:~Xs 4500' (B~L) ~in~mUm o~: 13507-g. Xs 15000' (BML) Mini~u~ 0f):55Q BI~NED ' v LE ~' 'i'Thl.~/; for Federal or s:~mce'use,' ' '" '' ,.. -- ~ ~ =. ~ ~ * CONTINENTAL OFFSHORE ST~TIG~PHI., ~ -~'" ~-- ~ ~,.'-~r ] IN I~VE SPACE DESCRIBE ~ROP~sED ~a~aiM: ~ pro~s~ is to d~ r p g ', ~ da~ on present proSucflve zone kna proposed new productive zone. ~ propos~ is to drill or deepen directlonally, give pertinent data on subsuHace locations and measured ~nd ~ru~ ver[i~~''d~pt~s[:~ ~i~e blowout preventer program, ~ any. ;~ 'z~ ' ~' .; = '~ .... ~ -' O ' -' District Manager ~ =,~,~.,, ~'~,.- , PERMIT NO. - APFROVED BY TITLE CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL, IF AN~; ' .APPHOYAL SUBJECT ~O A'rI'ACHED ItEQUIt~MEN'I~ JUL z 8 APPROVAL DATE OI AND GAS SUPER¥3S . .. , - .. ~.~ ~ *See Instructions On Reverse Side CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL CCMPANY Atlantic Richfield Cc~pany WRr.L NO. Alaska Cost No. i ' · All operations are to be conducted in such' a manner that full is made with OCS Orders 1; 2, 3, and 7, and the follc~g conditions of approval o le There shall be no material deviation frc~ the proposed drilling as approved except by approv-ul of the Supervisor. Safe drilling and operating practices must be observed in regard to equipment and~ personnel. The use and frequency of testing of blowout prevention 2. All shows of fresh water and' minerals will be reported and protected. 3~ The surfac~.:casing shall be Cemented_frcm the surface pipe shoe to 800,. (a 200, c~uent? tie .with the conductor-pipe). : A temperature or oement bend survey shall be run following cement/ng of the surface and intermediate casing strings to verify that the casing has been adequately c~=_nted unless the c~ent is circulated the ocean floor. e s: Operator shall maintain a daily record of: (1) the ccmponents of the mud system- · (volume and physical or~~ content), (2) volume of waste drilling mud discharged into the ocean. Where measurement is not practical, estimated volumes ·' should be recorded. This record .should .be main~ at the drill site and ~site reports ~arnished upon cc~pletion of drilling operations. "Sundry Notices-and Reports on Wells" (Form 9-331) will be filed fOr all changes of plans and other, operations in accordance with 30 CFR 221.58. Emergency 'approval my.be obta/ned verbally, but such approval does not waive the .written report requirenent. ~cenent of operations will be 'reported. prcmptly by Sundry Notice. 6. During drilling operations, daily reports sumuarizing the operations shall be timely filed in duplicate with the Area Oil and Gas Supervisor. 7. Representative cuts (washed) of all ditch samples and cores shall be colleCted for U. S. 'Geological Survey. (Sample sacks will be furnish~ upon reauest). Ship samples to Branch 0f. A'l~ska Geology, P.O. Box '80586, College, Alaska, 99701, with instruction to convert to Government Bill of Lading on arrival. .M~...' ling kklress Area. 0il and Gas' Supervisor P.-O. BOX 259 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Office Address · Rocm 205 800 A Street Telephone: Office: ·Night 278-3571 333-4630 279-4996 337-2619 1500-1565' 1565-1575' 15:75-1800' 1800-1830' ~. . DITCH SAMPLE DESCRIPTIONS _ Conglomeratic mudstone: medium gray, boulder to clay, very pooF sorting, angular to rounded clasts of predominately igneous and metamorphic rocks; matrix of clay, silt, and sand. .Sandstone: light gray, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, silty. Conglomeratic mudstone: aa Note - white mica below 1710' is lost circulation -. · material. ~ . Siltstone: (50t) medium brown., firm, argillaceous Sandstone: (50%) light gray, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subroUnded, slightly silty, slightly argillaceous, calcareous cement. ~ . 1830-1920' Conglomeratic Mudstone: aa, but now pebbles to clay · - . minor sandstone and siltstone aa interbedded. 1920-2070' 'Conglomeratic Siltstone: medium gray-brown, pebbles to clay, very poor sorting, angular to rounded · clasts of predominately igneous and metamorphic rocks; matrix of silt, clay, and sand. 2070'2325* Siltstone: (50%) medium-dark gray, argillaceous, non-calcareous, hard. Sandstone: (50%) medium gray, salt and pepper, . '~ fine to very. fine grained, angular to subroUnded, · ' trace silt and clay, calcareous in part. . 2325-2560' .. Siltstone: (60%) medium-dark gray, hard, non- calcareous except for a few veinlets, argillaceous. .- Sandstone: (40%) light-medium gray, ,fine-·to very · ' =: : '~:.- i;' -i~' fine grained, subangular to. subrounded, non- .... ?. :--..' ca careous ~':'/'sl=ightly= argillaceoGs-:land~ ........ "'i~-'iii~iig~neo s-metlamorp'hic- ~0ck Yfb'~g~ments .... .-..~:."... ' Note - Rice Used. to determine= sample'lag time may be found in the sample interval 2520-2580' · 2560-2820' Claystone: medium gray, sticky, sandy, silty, trace pebbles. 2820-3000' Sandstone: (60%) medium gray-brown, very fine to fine grained,subangular to subrounded, silty, argillaceous, calcareous in part, trace pebbles. Siltstone: (40%) medium-dark gray, hard, non- calcareous, argillaceous, slightly sandy. 3000-3020' C, ONFID.ENTIAL Sandstone: L~-gry, fine to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, trace silt and clay, non-calcareous, partially unconsolidated. 3020-3230' Sandstone: (60%) light to medium gray-brown, fine to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, salt and pepper, Calcareous in part, friable in part, trace yellow mineral fluorescence. Siltstone: (40%) medium gray-brown, argillaceous, sandy, hard, non-calcareous. 3230-3500' . 3'500-3600 ' ~ 3600-3680' Siltstone: (75%) aa Sandstone: (25%) aa Sandstone: (80%) light to medium gray-brown, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, salt and pepper, occasionally calcareOus in part, friable in part, trace silt and clay. Siltstone: (20% medium brown, argillaceous,_ hard · ~i'.?-~"~n~onT~alcare~us;~'~slightly.TSandy~- · Note - Rice used to'determin~-samP~e~i'ag4ti~&"mav be found in the sample interval 3510-3540~ Claystone: (75%) medium gray, silty, sandy, soft, somewhat sticky, trace igneous-metamorphic pebbles. sandstone: (25%) aa 3680-3825' .Sandstone: light to medium gray, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, slightly silty and argillaceous, non-calcareous. Minor Siltstone: aa 3825-3950' Claystone: medium gray, silty, sandy, .soft, some- what sticky, trace igneous-metamorphic pebbles. Minor Sandstone: aa Note - Rice used to determine sample lag time may be found in the sample interval 3870~3900'"<.i, 3950-3970' . 3970-4000' 4000-4175' Sandstone: medium gray-brown, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, silty, argillaceous, non-calcareous, poor sorting. SiltstOne: medium brown, hard, argillaceous, slightly sandy, non-calcareous. Sandstone: (80%) light to medium gray, medium to very fine grained, subangular to subrounded, silty, argillaceous, salt and pepper, calcareous in part, no fluorescence. Claystone: (20%) aa Minor Siltstone: aa CO N'--,c i D E N T i A L 4175-4195' Sandstone: light gray-brown, medium to fine grained, slightly silty and argillaceous, calcareous, trace igneOus-metamorphic rock fragments, trace mineral fluorescence. 4195'4230'' Siltstone: medium broWn, argillaceous, hard, non- calcareous, slightly sandy. 4230-4350' Sandstone: (60%) aa Siltstone: (40%) aa Minor Claystone: aa 4350-4410' 4410-4440' 4440-4560' Claystone:. (70%) light gray, soft, silty, sandy Sandstone: (30%) aa; but medium brown, more argillaceous. Siltstone: medium brown, argillaceous, hard, non- calcareous, slightly' sandy. ~ Sandstone: (80%) medium gray, fine to very fine grained, silty, argillaceous, salt and pepper, subangular to subrounded, unconsolidated in part .... Siltstone: (10%) aa Clay~tone: (10%) aa 4560-4655' Siltstone: (60%) medium brown, hard, non-calcareous, argillaceous, silty. Sandstone: (40%) light to medium gray, very fine to 'fine grained, subangular to angular, non- calcareous, hard, silty, argillaceous. 4655-4685' Sandstone: aa, but becoming coarser downward with pea gravel and pebble fragments of igneous- metamorphic rocks at base. - 4685-4750' 'Siltstone: (65%) medium gray, argillaceous, hard. Clay~tone: r~- (35%) medium gray, soft, sticky, silty, trace sand stringers. 4750-4760' Conglomeratic Sandstone: medium gray, medium to fine grained, trace coarser sand and pebbles of igneous-metamorphic rocks, poor sorting. 4760-4880' Siltstone: medium to dark gray-brown, argillaceous, hard, non-calcareous, interbedded with very fine to medium grained sand stringers (minor) some of which are calcareous. 4880-5010' Clay~tOne: medium gray, disseminated silt and sand, occasional pea gravel and pebbles, poorly sorted, sticky. ~ 5010-5150' Sandstone: (50%) light gray, fine to medium grained, angular to subrounded, calcareous in part, trace argillaceous mat.erial, minor rounded igneous- met~J~torphic pebbles. Siltstone: (50~) medium brown, argillaceous, sandy, hard, non-calcareous. Minor Claystone- aa · -.I i i ii i oll ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY , , C._,O.S.T. WELL NAME GULF OF ALASKA. LOCATION JOB NUMBER A-975-GO006 TYPE OF SURVEY GYRO-SCOPIC DATE 9-17-75 SURVEY BY ... Jay Martin OFFICE Alaska REPORT ....... SEPTEMBER 30 1975 -RAD ! US- OF' CURVATURE -I~,ETHODDF-- COP, PUT '-~TL-A NT'I C"R I CFIFI ELD C -GYRO--SURVEY ** GULF OF ALASKA "PREPARED-FOR--Etf,*STRAN-~SHIP-~)YOCK '~' 'iNK'Z, aY" F.M. LINDSEY AND A~S__OCIATE$ At-[.--CAtiCUL-A-TION'S-PERFORMED--~¥-I-,~ N ELE¢--Y-I{~-N-I~ COMPUTER ,, ~--~ TRUE :S-~--DR ! F T--'VERT ! CAL -DF. PTI1 ANGLE-- DEPTH TOT ~L---CO'OR'D-IN~;TE5 SEA ........... OlREC ............................. DEG. DOG LEG ¢ C' 0 5 U ~ E S SEVERITY D i ST ANCE ............. ANG~E .......P_E/_B~.!OOFT __18.36 15 23 ~1 ~2 W ..0..907 'gOO 2-30 ..... 899'"48 .......~99,48 ........ N86.00~ ....... 16,~5'-S ....... i1~9~ W 20.33-$-35 ~8 39'''w .... 0,250 .... I000' 2 15 999.39 ...... 999.39 NS~.OOW .......... 16.09 $ ....... 16.07'W 22.7~ ,5 ~ 57 5I-'W 0.250 : ........ !200 2 I0 '1199,26 1199.26 NTOeOOW ........... 14,26 $ ....... 23.16 W 27.20 $ 58 23 0 ~_ 0,170 --'""1300 2 !0 ...... 1299.19 .... 1299.19-N66.00~ ..... 12o8~'-'$ ...... 26i'67'-'N 29;60"$""6~ ..... 17-bO-~ ~.,.1§!. 1600 2 15 .....1~98.99 159~.99 'N55,00N ............. 7;61-5 ........ 35.94-~ 36.7~'"-5"78 .... 2 ..... 29-~ 0,080 ..... k 0 ~ 0 ....... I798,~7 '17~8,S7 ..... ~1,00~ .... 2'~9 $ I0,92-~ ...... ii'00..._S_8611113!ii'ii_..}'.i.'~.~ ....... 0,~81 -'-'2100- I ........ 0 ..... 2098.79 -2098,79 ..... N28.00W 2,88 N ~,91 W ~"2200 ........ 1- 0 ..... 2198,77 ..... 2198'?7'--NS~,OOW-- "-'~300 '! .... 0---2298°76 .... 2298,76 ..... N56,00W --5.18 N ~7.47 W --2~00 ......1 ....... 0 ....... 239e.7~ .......2398,74 ..... NS~.OOW 6.18--~ ~8,90 W --2500- 0 30 ...... 2~98,73 ...... 2~98o7~ .......N6~.OOW 6,86 N--50.02--~ ' --'2700 .... 1 .... 10 ..... 2698,71 .... 2698.7i ..... "--~800 ......... 1' 30'-- 2798m68'-- '--2900 .... 1-"10--'2898,66 '-'~000'': .... ! ....... 0 ...... 2998~6~ ..... ~5.00 N 86 19 qW_W 0.192 50.~?._._N_.~2_!! .... 20_w __0,500 51,52 N_8!_47_a~_.W 0,250 55.~9 N 81 33 16 W ~t.330 ,,, 57.82 N_81__~O_...23__W.._ .O_,.330_ ,~_o,_~ 71__N__~L_~_I____O___~ 0.,XTO SECTION _D_I ~_T_AN..C__E.. 9,90 ..... X7,7~__ .28~q ...... 37,88 ..~0~3~__ 43,80__ ~6,21__ ~7.75 .... ..... ~9,29 SO,iL --5.7,80 TRUE DOG LEG '-'DR ! FT-V ERTI C A L------SUB---' DEPlq. I-'ANGLE .... DEPTH ..... SEA DRIFT' -- DIREC DEG. TOUr A L--(~ 0-0AD ! N A T E $ C L 0 $ U R,,E S SEVERITY . DISTANCE ANGLE DEG/1OOFT SECTION__ .. D ! ~kTANCE ._,2.{ - I 0 3098*62 ~09~*,62- 0 00- Z~O:---]X98,61~3198~61'-- N8i*.00~ .... 3300 .... X- O- 3298.59 3298.5~- NTS.00W -~00 ......1-~ 0 ..... 3398 · 5~ ..... 3398 · 58 .... NT1.00W o w o.ooo 9.i8 N--62.53 W 9,54 N 64.24 W 10.05 N 65.91 W 10;65 N 67'63 W 63,20 N 81 38 44 W ........ 0.000 6,~,.94_N-]8! .... 32_52 W ...... 0,105 66,67_.:N__8!_.!9._~0 w 0,070__. 68.47_._N.81 3 5 W 0-090 _.63,18 -'3600 ..... 1 ...... 0 ....... 359B.56 --3598,54 .... N81,00W ..... 11,09 --3700 .......... 1'- 0 ..... 369B,$3 .... 3698.53---NTg. OOW"--: ...... 11,t9 "-'3800 ...... 0--4§ ..... 3798'52 -3798.52--582.00W 1i~43 --1900 .... 4000 0-45 3998,50-"3998,50 ..... N67,OOW- ......... 11862 --4100 ....... 0 30 ...... 4098.49 ..... ~098,49 ....... $76.00W ..... '-11,70 r'"'4200 0 45 $?"490.0 I 0 /+298,~$ .... &298,~8--$67,00W ....... 10,7~ ............................................................................. N 69.~0 W N 71.12-W N 73.9~ W N 75.21 W N 76.28 W' N 77.3'1 W N 78.71 W-- 79.~5 W 8o; '9 w 70.28 _N_~80_.55 .... !~+.._W 0,090__ 72,02.__N_80_.53_5~ W 73,53__N_8! ..... 3 ._ 18__~ ......... 0.250_ __ 74,81 N 81 16 15 W ...... 0,118 76.11_._N_8!_.12 .... 54 W 0~286 77,18..N. 81 16 28_.,..W .......... 0.250 78,!~__..N_ 81_38._ ~5 ~.~ ...... _0,250__ 80.z~9 N 82 /+7 25 W 0,500 81-;o'6---N "83 lO-lS 9/ o,ooo 70,23 71,97__ _7a,77 76,06.__ 77.13.. 78,12__ .80~ 81,06 ..................... ( ( ( 02-001B STATE of ALASKA I:RO;~ O. K. Gilbreth ADiv. of Oil and Gas D^TE : March 3, 1976 Pedro Denton ~ SUBJECT: Chief, Minerals Section Attached is a copy of a me~o from ARCO transmitting a draft of the Oceanographic and Marine Ecological Study. As in our ~ ~ you of January 23, 1976, you my use the infor- mation as you see fit. Attachment STATE of ALASKA Division of Lands File: 3.14 500.47 O.K. Gilbreth, Director Division of Oil and Gas DATE : January 23, 1976 Chief, Minerals SUBJECT: ARCO's C.O.S.T. Well #1 Data Attached is a copy of a letter frcm Atlantic Richfield Ccmpany transmitting w~ll data fr~ the gulf of Alaska C.O.S.T. Well $1. Please note that they requested that iten~ 1 through 8 be kept confidential in accordance with AS 38.05.035(a) (9). We are handcarrying this data to .~you for storage and use in Department matters because of its technical nature and because we do not have adequate facilities for storage of data of this type. Items 9 and 10 are being transferred to the Department of Fish and Game in Anchorage. cc: Ross Schaff, DGGS South Alaska District Post Office Anchorage, Ala .... a 99510 Telephone 907 277 5637 Thomas N. Burde~Je District Landman February 24, 1976 TO: GULF OF ALASF~ C.O.S.T. PARTICIPANTS Re: Draft Oceanographic and Marine Ecological Study As a participant in the Gulf of Alaska, we are pleased to furnish you with one (1) copy of "An Oceanographic and Marine Biological Study in the Gulf of Alaska.", by Gerald J. Bakus and Dilworth W. Chamberlain. The attached is a draft of a pre- sentation in Anchorage during the Gulf of Alaska Symposium sponsored by the Arctic Institute of North America and the University of Alaska.in October 1975. Due to the late submittal of the paper it was not included in the program, but it will be included in the text of the symposium. The study is a matter of public record and not confidential in nature. In addition to furnishing a copy of the U.S.G.S., we are likewise, by copy of this letter,, furnishing a copy to the State of Alaska. .... .U.e~y truly yours, '" ->?, i ~. '", · John. Jl~ Davis -% JJD:mf Encl. cc: Mr. Rodney A. Smith U. S. Geological Survey Dept. of Interior P.O. Box 259, Dmchorage, Ak.99510 Mr. Michael C. T. Smith, Director .Division of Lands Dept. of Natural Resouces 323 East Fourth, Anchorage, Ak.99501 ISKEwlCH ~,.C~LF.-_A PY, ALm. FPTA P.H. GAR~I SON A~0C0 SECL~ITY LIFE BLDG., UENVER~ C0 ~0202 GLENN G. HAGER CONTINENTAL OIL CO. GOX 2197 hOUSTON, T'X 77001 H.Eo WENDT GETTY- OIL CO. BOX 1404 HOUSTON, TX 77001 ~ANAG'F~NT CO~.M. 2/2/7A V.N'. NFBFRTSON 12nO "ILAr~, 6TH FLOOR HOIISTnN, TX 77002 ROGER C. HERPE~A BP AL^SKA P.O. oOX 4-1379 ~NC~OPAGE, ALASKA ggs03 HARPY ~. BRITT, JR. DI~O~'D SHAMROCK CO. BOX 6ml AMARII. LO,TX 79173 GRANT STEELE GULF ENERGY AND MINERALS P.O, nOX 2100 HOIISTmN, TX 77001 JoS. PORTER ~ CITIES SERVICE CO. -~ 900 COLO..ST. P~NK BLDG. "; 16no ~ROADWaY DENVE~ .CO P0202 JON L. THOMPSOkl EXXON P.O. BOX 2180' HOUSTON, TX 77001 · TOM WILSON ~ARATMON Oil_ CO', BOX 2380 ANCHORAGE, AK ggSlO $,'. D. JACQUES MOBIL OIL CORP. P,O. P_.OX 5aaa. DENVEP., CO 80217 L. JArK SWINK PENNZn'IL CO. 900 SnUTHWEST TOWER HOUSTnN, TX 77002 C.W. BETI'ON PHILLIPS PET~OL. EU~I lnlO SECURITY LIFE BL. DG. DENVEr, CO ~0202 sM. VAN ALEN PLACID OIL 42~ "G" STREET SUITE 800 ANCHORAGE~ AK 99501 5,N, CHEATHAN ST4NDARD OIL OF CALIF. 3~0 NARKET STREET · SAN FRANCISCO, CA 9~lll RoK. ~,'CCORHACK SHELL OIL CO. BOX HOtISTON, TX 77001 JA~ES E. ~'CCORHICK SUN OTL CO. P.O. mOX 1501 HOUSTnN ,TX 77001 DOMENIC L. DE~ARTE SKELLY niL CO. 1088 LINCOLN TOWER.BLDG. 1~60 LINCOLN STREET DENVER, CO DON ~ATHEWS THE SUPERIOR OIL CO. BOX 1521 HOUSTON, TX 77001 V.T. BOLLETFR IENNECO BOX 2Sll (CC-1330) HOUSTON, TX 77001 M,C. LEE UNION OIL CO. ~OX 6247 ANCHORAGE, 'AK 99510 R.~. nRIVFTTI TEXACq INC. 3350 wILSHIRE BLVD. LOg AN~GELFS, CA 90010 C.P, HAgRISoN TEXAS EASTERN EXPL. 425 "G" STREET SUITE 830 · ANCHONAGE, AK O9501 Date: February 11, 1976 To: SOuth Land From: C.P. Falls Subject: Publication, "An Oceanographic and Marine Ecological Study in the Gulf of Alaska 'Attached is a draft of the publication by Gerald J. Bakus and Dilworth W. Chamberlain to be included in the proceedings of the Gulf of Alaska Symposium. Copies of the attached should be sent to each of the .COST participant s. C. P. Falls CPF:nb Attachment cc: W. S. Estes ARGO~I AN OCEANOGRAPHIC AND MARINE BIOLOGICAL STUDY IN THE GULF OF ALASKA by Gerald J~ Bakus~' Tetra Tech, Inc. Pasadena, California 91107 and Dilworth W. Chamberlain Atlantic Richfield Company Los Angeles, California 90071 Mailing addres s: Allan t-Iancock Foundat ion University of Southern California Los Ange!es, California 90007 INTRODUCTION A survey associated with a Continental Offshore Stratigraphic Test (C. O. S. T. ) %vas conducted on 8 - 9 July 1975, 'approxlmat'ely 14 nauti- cal miles off the Bering Glacier (30 - 32 statute miles southwest of Yakataga) at a depth of 570 to 602 feet (174 - 184 m) in the Gulf of Alaska. The objective of the survey ~vas to study the oceanography and marine biology of t~vo potential drill sites located approximately t%vo nautical miles apart. Site No. ! (C.O.S.T. l) %vas located at 59° 48' 16" ~ latitude, 143° 6'34" ~V longitude and Site No. Z (C.G.S.T. l-A) at 59° 45'54" N latitude and 143° 9'17" 1¥ longitude (Figure 1). The ship R/V Aquisition, a 140 ft (43 m) converted minesweeper, %vas em- ployed to carry out the projected study. The location of the .ship was de- termined by RA YDIST ship-to-shore radar positioning (reportedly accur- ate to 15 ft.). /,---% Figure 1. ~.~, ~' ...... - ~ -%° .'....-:...:.:. · . ,.-.~.~'~. :..:..,: ~.:. ~. ~.:.:...:.:.......... ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .:... ~~.~~:.~.~.~.~.:.:~~~~.~~~~~.~~~~~~~.~~~.~.~.~~~.~~~.~~:.:.~.~.~.~.~.:.~~~~~~~.~.~.~~~~:.:~~.~~:~~~~~~~~~~~~.~~ 2. ................. :.;-:.; Study Site Nos. 1 and 2 [indicated by a star), Gulf of Alaska -- · · · · . . ~v~ETHODS AND ~ TEtR[A LS OceanpgraI~hy Salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (D.O.) were recorded auto- matically with anlnterocean Systems Model 550 STDO. Currents were · not measured due to technical difficulties. Turbidity of surface waters was measured with a Secchi disk. Bottom profiles were made using ~n echo~ ounder. Samples of bottom sediments were taken by the following three methods: {1} Sediments were most commonly obtained by. using a Shipek grab sampler. The contents of the sampler were emptied intoa plastic tub and a thin layer of surface mud was remo~red by hand' (i. e., to prevent possible metal contamination from the sampler). A pretreated poly- vinylchloride pipe (i.e., washed with diluted FINO3 and rinsed with dis- titled water) was pushed, into the mud sample then capped at both ends and sealed with silicone rubber. These samples were placed in a. cooler with ice and hand-carried to Tetra Tech where chemical analyses were conducted for iron (Fe), barium (Ba), and chromiu~n (Ct). {Z) A small sample of sediment was removed from the plastic bucket and placed in Ziploc plastic bags, to be analyzed later for sediment size. The Shipek grab sanapler failed, to adequately sample sediments 'and organisms at Site Z because of the firmness of the substratum. ConseqUently, a bucket dredge was employed and this yielded a sample of clay, silt, and pebbles. These were separated and analyzed independen~Iy (see below). (3) A gravity or dart core'r (8 ft or 2.4 m long) was employed to obtain an undis- turbed sediment core from Site 1. Sedin~ents from Site Nos. a graded series of U. S. mecha'nical sieve shaker. · 1 and 2 were analyzed by placing the sample in standard sieves and shaking the sample with a Three size fractions (i. e., comprising silts and clays) of sediment from three grab samples taken a~ Site No. 1, were also measured fo!lowing the standard pipette method of fine sediment 'analy- sis (see I-Iolme and Mclntyre, 1971). In addition, a complete sieve analy- sis was 'performed for sediment taken from one grab sample at Site 1~o. · Selected pebbles from Site No. Z were measured with a vernier caliper. The analysis of metals in sediments was accomplished in part by following procedures given in the 1974 }Environmental Protection Agency recommended standard .methods of analysis. Iron and chromium were tested by wet di- gestion and atomic absorption. Barium was tested by xvet digestion and atom- ic emission. Because values for barium were high, the sediments were re- tested for all three metals by an independent chemical consultant. The wet digestion method consisted of treating I g of dried, homogenized sample with 40 ml of 70% I-INO3 (double quartz distilled) and 4 ml of 33% HzOz.' The high temperature, pressure bomb technique consisted of treating 100 mg of dried, homogenized sample with 4 ml of 70~0 HNO3 (double quartz dis- tilled) and 1 ml of 33% HzO2. under high temperature and pressure. The blank or control reading was virtually zero. Barium recovery'on a spiked sample was 98°/c and 101-°~, chromium recovery was 96% and 99'~, and iron recovery was 99% and 100%. Biology_ Plankton tows were taken with a I2" (31 ca) diameter plankton net having a mesh size of 70u with a stainless steel cod end (mesh s'ize of 70kl). Sur- face plankton tows of 5 minutes duration were taken at a velocity of about 4 knots off the stern end, and vertical samples (i_._.e., seafloor to surface) off the bow end of the ship. The planktoh was preserved in 10°~. seawater- formalin. Subsamples were removed from each of the jars containing plankton and examined under both dissecting and compound microscopes. Phytoplankton and thc commonest zooplankton were ident{ficd to species, 'where possible, and .zooplankton were ranked according to their relative numer ical abundance. A Shipek grab sanapler was used to obtain samples of sediment and its fauna. This spring-loaded'device collects 5 liters (1.3 gal) of sediment when full. The sediment was placed into either a plastic tub and later sieved, or directly into a plastic screen with a sieve size of Z mm. Inl- . tially the sediment xvas washed by repeatedly dunking the screen into a. tub of seawater and the washings were sieved with a Tyler No. 30 stand- ard brass sieve (mesh size 0.5 mm). After initial trials, the employ- ment of'a hose resulted in a considerably more rapid washing.. The. ani- mals were preserved in 10% seawater-formalin and placed in plastic snap- top vials w[thin Ziploc bags. The 'preserved organisms were transferred to 70% alcohol and sorted in the laboratory. A bucket dredge xvas used on one occasion because the Shipek grab sarnp.ler failed to penetrate the substratum after three unsuccessful sampling attempts . at Site No. 2. The animals were treated in the san-m manner as those des- cribed above. A Marinovich, semi-balloon, otter trawl with a Z5 ft (8 m) mouth was used to collect benthic and near-bottom (nectobenthic) organisms. The mesh size of the net was 1½ inches (37. 5 mm) when wet and stretched. size of the inner liner at the cod end of the net was ¥ inch (6 mm). isms were sorted, preserved, and identified,' as discussed above. tion of the' otter trawl was recorded as-the period of time between the point at which the net was on the bottom (as calculated by the amount of line out) and the point where retrieval of the net began. Thus, the' results can be interpreted as being semi-quantitative. The mesh O rgan- The dura- A Hydro Products Model TC-125 underwater television camera with pan and tilt, LT-7 thallium iodide light, and monitoring console were used to examine the seafloor at and downcurrent from the two sites. Pictures of the seafloor was recorded on a Sony AV-3650 videorecorder at bo,h sites. Three 1-hour videotapes at and downcurrcnt from Sit'e No. 1, one 1-hour videotape downcurrent from Site No. 1 and at Site No. Z, and two 1-hour videotapes.downcurrent from Site No. 2 recorded the benthos. A benthos Model 007 still camera (35 mm) and strobe light were attached to ' 5 opposite sides of the steel framework supporting the undcr~vater ~elevision unit. _As the television recorded the features of the seafloor, the still camera took a bottom photograph every 10 or 15 seconds. Black and white phOoOoraphs (Kodak Plus X) xvere taken at both sites whereas color photo- graphs (Ektochron~e tEtR404'Paylight, Film 5257) were taken only at Site No. 1. Ten specimens of the brittlestar .Ophiura sarsii, selected at random,' were measured from one armtip directly across the disk to another armtlp and a mean value was calculated. This measurement was then used as a scale by which the photographed densities of selected epibenthic species could be determined. Each photograph was measured according to the area with visible substratum and countable organisms. This area was 'scaled to true' dimension by comparing the average-sized Oph'lura .sarsii in the photograph with the mean size obtained from measurements. Organisms that could be identified were then counted and their densities were expressed as num- ber of individuals per square meter. General observations were n~ade on marine birds and marrmaals. ,, $4,,~'~ RESULTS Salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen in seawater ah Site Nos. I and 2. are presented in Figures 2-3. The surface waters show consider- able small-scale variation in salinity,' particularly in the upper Z00 ft (61 m). The surface temperature is warm relative to bottom depths, due to insolation during a potential period of about 18 hours (solar day). The ten~porary thermocline is relatively shallo%v in depth and strong. The temperature within the therrnocline changes about 3° C.in 55 ft (17 m). The mid-depth ~nd bottom temperatures are relatively cold. The mid- depth te~nperature is as much as 0.7°C colder than that of wa~er near the bottom. Surface dissolved o×ygen values are consistently lower than those a~; middle and bottom depths. Secchi disk readings are presented in Table 1. The values are variable, ranging from 4 to 9 rn. Detailed analyses of silts and clays fronl three grab samples taken at Site No. 1 are given in /-able g. Sediment sizes for Site No. ~- are listed in Tables 2.-3. Pebbles from Site 1~o. 2 ranged from 0.6 inch (13.9 mm). in length and 0.4 inch (I0. I n'~rn) in diameter to 2.7 inches (66.3 mm - actually small cobbles) in length and l. 5 inches (37 mm) in diameter. Concentrations of solids and metals in sedirnents taken from Site Nos. 1 and 2 are presented in Table 4. There is but relatively little variation in the values. EchoSounder records gener- ally showed a relatively smooth seafloor at both sites and the occurrence of schools of fish or salps (many salps-%vere collected by otter trawl) in the %rater column. .A 'total of seven plankton to%vs xvere taken in the study area, including four surface toxvs and three vertical tows (602. - 0 ft. or 184 - 0 m depth). Phytoplankton collections were limited because of the mesh s~ze.. Phyto-" plankton composition consisted primarily of diatoms and dinoflagellates with a few silicoflagellates and unicellular g.reen algae present ~n some samples (Table 5). The diatom Corethron h_~stri× was the most dominan~ species 'in all of the tows. The various species Of Chaet'occros were found in abundance in all samples. The diatom Thalass~othri.~ sp. was dominant in a few of the tows. The genera Ceratiun~ and Peridinium comprised the Depth (£~) ~0o . 200 300 400 500 -- . · . 31 32 33 I ~ .. ..! 0 ~5 ~tl 0 ! ~ I . - 1 2 I J' Salin emp 3 34 ppt · ~ . ~, Salint~ +15 °C [ I Temperature 4 ppm Dissolve~t Oxygen '~' ssolved Oxygen -600 . .. . Figure Z. .. Example of STD station profiles. Site No. I, 8 July 1975, 1300, depth 570 ft (174 m). 100 ZOO Depth (£t) 300 400 500 600 30 31 3Z 33 t ! t -5 0 +5 .+10 t ..... t ~ .... t I Z 3 ....... i ...... i ....... i Salini~ roper · 34 ppt I I Salinity. +15 °G ! ! Temperature · 4 ppm Dissolved Oxygen olved Oxygen Figure 3. Example of STD station profiles. Site No. 2, 8 July 1975, Z000, depth 602 ft (I84 m). Table I. Secchi Disk Values in the Gulf of Alaska - Site Nos. 1 and g Location and Time Secchi Disk Depth IR eading (m) Site l 8 July 1975 0600 4.0 Site 1 8 July 1975 1400 7.5 Site 1 9 July 1975 1900 9.0 Site 2 8 July 1975 1905 5.5 10 Table Z. Sediment Analysis -- Site Mos. 1 and Z, Gulf of Alaska I I 1 I Z . Z4. 8505 SS. I150 24. 9001 Z4. 7790 >IS. Gu 3. guts< 1'5. u ~ t --t < 3.9u Percent.'."', Cun~ula~[vc j" ' j l"ercent Cumulative "' Perce~t .... · J Pcrcunt o~ Total 9.0 92.0 2,08.0lCO. O ~.o,.o ,_~.o ~.~o~.~ ~.~ ~o., ~.~~oo.o 16.8 68.0 68.0 ~7.75 [31.0 99.0 ~0,15 l.O 100.0 Weight expressed ~.s grants/liter CalcuI~ted ~.s ~. percent of to~.I weight per l~te~' 'E×clud[ng pebbles Table 3. Table of Sediment Analysis -- Site No. 2, Gulf of AlaJka* Sediment size (ti) Sediment size (~o) ,,W_,eight (gms) < Zl0 > 2.25 3.8 210 to 440 ~40 to 841 841 to 1190 1.25 to 2.25 3.6 0.25 to 1.25 3.5 -.o. z5 to 0~ zs 8.4 1190 to 2380 -1.25 to -0.25 91.0 >2380 < -1.25 4-96.4 TOTAL .. Per cent of Total 0.6 1.4 15.0 81.8 100.0 sample 2, 'including pebbles · . 12 TabIe 4. Solids and Metals in Sediments from the Gulf of Alaska':~ and Sol{ds PHgh Temp. / S__amnle No. ~ .~et Di~est{on press. Bomb Chrorntum - Cr {pp.,n ) PHgh Temp. ! ~Ve~ D{~est!_o~ Pres~. Bomb Site 1 6I, 5 4.42 ' 4.38 68.0 77.1 Sample I B~rtum- Ba (ppm) H{gh Temp. / W_ e~ Di.~est{o~ "..Press. Bomb 264 298 Site I 6I, 8 4.45 4.58 67.6 88 6 Snmple 2 . Site I 61.9 4.47 4. 58 67.6 87.2 Sample 3 Site 2. 65, 4 4.36 4.50. 57.7 ' 76.7 Sample ! - Percent on.a dr'y- weight basis, with ~: 10~.~c'curacy, o£ expressed 30Z 305 297 314 26I" 272 , Chemical analysis by 1V~r, SoluIdcl Pourtan, · . '~" m ! T~ble 5. Phy~oplankton Composition in the Gulf of Alaska Scientific Name A sterolampra mar¥1andica . .A s ter omphalus h_eptactls Ceratulina bergoni Chaetocer os atlanticus Chaetoccros concaviformis , Chaetoccros decipiens _Chaetocer os dectpien, s !' .s.ing u la r i s Chaetoceros did~nus Chaetoceros radicans Chaetocer os sub~ilis Chaetocer os spp, Corethron Coscinodiscus oculus iridis cf. Cos cinodiscus sp. Ditvlun~ bri~,htwell[ ., _.Frag[lariops[s Sp. L_eptocy_lindr us danicus Nitzschia seriata cf. Rhizosoleni~ alata Rhizosolenia styliformis _C. ommon Name Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom D iai om D[atorn Diatom ' Diat°m Diatom D~atom A X X X X X X X . . Occurrence by Tows B C D E F G X - X - X X X X - - X X - X X - X X X X - X X X X X' X - X-. X X - X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Table 5. Phytoplankton Composition in the Gulf of Alaska (continued) Scientific Name Skclctonema costatum Thalas sionenaa nitzschioides Thaiassloslra sp. Thalas siothri~ sp. Ceratium fusus Ce ratlurn lineatum _ Ceratium tlipos D in oph yS~i_.s sp. Peridinium depressum Pe ndlniuI~n pellucidum. Peridiniurn cf. trochoideum Per idiniun! sp. Protoceratium reticulatum -- Common Name Diatom Diatom Diatom Diatom Occurrence by Tows... B C D E F G ,,,, m Dinoflagellate }f · Dinoflagellate ~ ]f }f )f _ _ _ Dinoftagellate ~ Pf - X .... Dinoflagellate if - ~ .... Dinoflage!late 'if ...... Dinoflagcllate if X ..... Dinoflagell~te >f .... i _ Dinoflagcllate - - - X ' - - X Dinoflagellate X /~ - pf . . . · ~a fibula. Silic oflagel!ate Ebri~ triroartita Silic oflaget!ate _H_al o s p h,a e r~a_ viridis Green Alga' A = surface to~v, Site N~a.m.., 8 July 1975 B = surface to~v., Si~c No. 1, 5:35 p.m..,. 8 July.1975 .C = surface toxv,' Site No. 1, 2:44 a.m., 9 July 1975 D = surface tow, Site No. Z, 1Z:16 a.m.., 9 July 1975 E = vertical to~.v, Site No, 1, lZ:00 noon, 8 July 1975 F = vertical tow,. Site No. 1, 8:30.a.m., 9.July 1975 G = vertical tow, Site No. Z, 9:30 p.m., 8 July 1975 most frequently occurring dlnoflagellates, although populations of each species were not especially large. Silicoflagellates (~.qtygqha) appeared in a few samples but their populations were relatively small. The zoo- plankton speices composition varied relatively little with the time of samp- ling or type of tow, however, the order of ranking ('dominance) was differ- ent in most samples (Table 6). One significant factor in all the samples taken is that they were dominated by calanoid copepods, especially the large North Pacific species, ..Calan.u.s .plumchrus, and two smaller species, Calanus crista.~..us.~ Calanus paciffcus and their larval. Stages (copepodite ¥). SLx Shipek grab samples were taken at Site No. l. Representative organ- isms collected are presented in Table ?. Annelids and bivalve molluscs comprised the major components of the infauna whereas bri~tlestars were ~he predominant epifaunal representatives. 'Analysis of recurrent species would characterize the infauna as a polychae~e (.Nothria ele~) - bivalve mollusc (Astarte willetti) community with a polychaete group of secondary recurrence (Spiochaetopterus sp. and N~in0e gemmea), A single bucket dredge sample was taken at 0340 from Site No. Z on 9 July 1975, at a depth of 572 feet (174 m). The bucket dredge was used because the Shlpek grab sampler could not successfully penetrate the substra'tum. A list of the organisms collected is presented in Table 8. Otter Trawl samples were taken at both Site Nos. 1 and Z. The organisms collected are pre- sented in Tables 9 - 12. The rank abundance of organisms collected by otter trawl is given in Table 13. Videofapes of the seafloor at Site Nos. 1 and 2 were examined and the or- ganisms observed were recorded. Table 14 presents [he rank abundance · of benthic organisms at the two sites. Figures 4 -.5 represen~ some of the finest examples of bottom photography taken with black and white film at Site Nos. 1 and Z, selected from hundreds of photographs of the benthos. The brittlestar Ophiura sarsii measured 59 to 175 mm (N 10) from armt[p to opposite ar~ntip. The mean value (X) was 107 n~m. Calculations made of the densities of selected species (as described) are presented in Table 15. There was insufficient time to incorporate more photograph's for calcula- tions of densities. Birds and mammals casually observed in the region of Table Zooplankton Composition in the Gulf of Alaska Rank Numerical Abundance by. To~vs* Scientific Name Common Name A_ Calanus plumchrus Copepod 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 Calanu s cristatus Copepod 2 Z Z 4 Z 7 4 Tinth~nops~is be r 9i, da Ciliate 3 - - . 6 6 - Calanus copcpod[tes Juvenile Copepod 4 - _ 1 - Z - · Stage V Metridia pacifica Copepod 5 4 3 5 4 3 3 ~ r cart_i~, sp. Copcpod 6 6 9 8 8 5 6 Oithona similis Copepod 7 7 4 6 5 4 Z _Calmnu s~ pacificus Copepod 8 3 I 0 I 0 3 9 5 _B. arnaclc ~ Juvenile Barnacle 9 9 5 - - _. _ Parathernisto pacifica Amphipod i0 5 - 7 7 8 - /Cucalan.us ~ Copepod.. .- 8 - 9 - - 9 Calanus_ plurnchrus Juvenile Copepod - - . 6 Z - . . Stage V copepodite Globigerina sp. ~F orarninife ran 7 .... Ostracoda (unidentified) Ostracod - - 8 - .. . . -~Beroe sp. Ctenophore' ' ' · - - 9 - 8 Eukronia hamata Arro%v worm .... 10 ' lO lO Sagitta elegans_ Arro~v worm ...... 7. '.' A = surface tow, Site No. i, 6:00 a.m., 8 July I97~- B = surface tow, Site No. 1, 6:35 p.m., 8 July i975 C = surface to'~v, Site No. 1, 3:00 a. ne., 9 July 1975 D = sdrface to~v, 'Site No. Z, 1Z:16 a. ir~., 8 July 1975 E = vertical tow, Site No. 1, 1Z:00 noon, 8 July 1975 F = vertical to,v, Site No. 1, 8:30 a.m., 9 July 1975 O = vertical tow, Site No. Z, 9:30 p. m. , 8 July 1975 ! Table 7. o, Benthic Fauna .Taken by Grab Sampling in the Gulf of Alaska* Scientific Name _ Cerebratulus sp. Anobothrus sp. Ampharctidae Et e on e_ 1 o n_q.gffa.~_ La0nice sp. Laonice cirrata Lu n-~b tine ridae Lumbrine tis latreilli _ _Lurnbrine tis minlrnz% Maldanidae Maldane cf. sarsi - ,, Ninoe gernmea Ix~othi-ia eleans ?'i s t~. sp. l°is ta fas ci,~ta~. ~raxillclla gracilis Spiochaetopterus sp. Spiochaetopterus costarum 'Sternaspis fossor ' Terebellldae Terebellides stroemii Common Name nemertean worm polychaete worm polychaete worm polychaete worm polychaete ~vorm polychaete worm polychaete worm polychaete worm polychaete xvorm polychaete ~vorm polychaete worm pol~chaete worm polych~ete ~vorm polycha~te worm polychaete worm polychaete worm polychmcte worm polych~ete worm potych~ete worm polychmete worm pol¥chaete worm No. Individuals by' Grab A B C D 1 1 ' 1 I 1 1 1 Table 7. Benthic Fauna Taken by Grab Sampling in the Gulf of Alaska (continued) Scientific Name Astarte wil!etti __ _C¥clocard[a ventri, cosa Buccinum plectrum Polinices sp. D enta liun'~ sp. _Common Name clam Clam snail moon snail tooth or tusk shell No. Individuals by Grab Samp_],e _B _c p _E _F 6 5 1 4 Z 3 1 Z 5 1 Gammaridea amphipod Ophiura sarsti brittlestar Z Z 1 1 Shipek grab, Site No~ 4 liters, 9:30 a.m., 8 July 1975 4 liters, 10:30 a.m., 8 July 1975 4 liters, Noon, 8 July 1975 5 liters, 1:30 p.m., 8 July 1975 5 liters, 3:00 p.m., 8 July 1975 5 liters, 3:30 p.m'., 8 July 19.75 fragment of animal tubes Table 8. Benthic Marine Organisms Collected by a Bucket Dredge in the Gulf of Alaska* Phy!~u~ Porifcra CoeIcnterata Scientific N~me ~-'~.JJA i n~ r__us Unidentified Number Common N~.me Individuals Comments sponge growing on a rock hydroid 3 small colon[es on pebble, foramlnifcr- gns a%tachcd to the hydroid colonies bryozoan attached to a rock brach[opod or I0 on pebbles or attached lampshell to each other polychactc worm fragment po!ychaetc v,'o r rn polychactc ~vorm 1 .... polychacte worm Z · polychacte worm fragmen~ polychactc worm 1 .... poi~'chacte worm 1 .... · polychacte worm. Z po!ychaete %vorm tubes pol¥¢lmete worm 1 .... t~ryozoa Brachtopoda A nnellda .C.v~loca rdi~ v~.ntrtcosa Nuc~,.lan~. per Thvasi~'a I s ch noc h'it o n a~,Ib clam Z .... clam ' Z .... clam . Z clam - 1 .... ch[ton 1 .... Site 1~'~.'"' Z; 30' ~.i.t. crs (8 gallons) of s'ediment, sicvccl with a Zmm mesh screen . Table 8. Benthic Marine Organisms Collected by'a Bucket Dredge in the Gulf of Alaska (continued) Echinodcrrna~a Tunlca~ Ophiura sars~i __ St¥cla corlace~ -- brittles~ar ~sc~dl~n or tunlce, tc · Tab!c 9. Benthic and Near Bottom .Marine Invertebrates CoI!ected by Otto Trawl in thc Gulf of Alaska - Site No. 1~''~ r ?orifcra' Coelcn:rgta .Br>'ozoa Brachiopoda Name ~r- Yxl l!a incrustans Un{dcntlflable Unidentified Lacue:,,s ca![fornieu~ _Crucl,qe ra irregular'is Numerical Abundance ~'o. Individuals or N~' colcnics)~ cover;.no~ the shell of ~- snail Fustr{eon only thc pon rc~a{n[ng colonies colony Oon:ada an..u! .... Lumbr~ner!s zonata Neplityldae' brach[opod or · - Serpulldze A,~.o!lus c~ $o!cc~:aetootcrus 'p2. pio. c.. um Gas~ropoda p oiychae.tc worm polychaete worm. (scrpulis!) · 4 po!ycnac~c worm polychzctc worm polycn~c po!ychactc worm po!ych~.c~c worm . snail snail , snail egg Trawl followed a circular pa~tcrn around the site. on 9 July 1975). · fragment; 1 specimen; a se¢or,.d specimen attached Cc, the , frag~cn~ fragmen~ tubes , 'covered wl~h a sponge, a polychzetc tube, ~nd Z l~mp~hells large mass of cordl[ke string TL'r.c at depth (570 fe or 174 .-r.) was 45 minuCez (! lZO to !ZO5 Only do?..in=nt species ;veto w. clghed. . . , Table 9, Benthic and Near Bottom Mar[ne Invertebrates Collected by Otter Trawl in the Gulf of Alaska - Site No. 1 (continued) Phylum Mollus c~. Sc{ent!fic Name Cvc!oc~rdie, ventricos~ A stz:'tc ivi!!etti ~'t~c u] :~n;~ Dernu!a clam clam Nurncrico. 1 Abundance (No. Individuals or We. colonS, es4 Z 17 I, Bi orn~s s _. (~ms) .. Comments Sipunculida Arthropoda Unidentified Uympho~ gros sip_es A~ sp. ~Stegoccphaloides sp. peanut worm pycnogonid or sea spider isopod crustacean g~:nn~ar id amphipod on fish Echinodermata Euphausiacca ~ r~a n g_o~ _abyss orurn Pundalus iorda?.i Chio:~occtc~ bz[rdi euphausiid shrimp crangonid shrimp p~u~dali'd shrimp Q.phiura sarsii brittlestar Ophlura_ 1Sptoctenia brittlest~.r ~,ohiooholls bakeri brittlest~r Oor~onoccphalus eucnemls basket star 3 104 1075 61 370 15 1224 , badty d~muged a commercial species of n'~inor irnport~nce thc most commeric~Ily' lrnportunt tanner cr~.b species the most abundant cpi- benthic animal I[vc color is pink Table Benthic and 1Wear Bottom Marine Invertebrates Collected by Otter Trawl in the Gulf of Alaska - Site No~ 1 (continued) Ech{noderrn. at~ Ct " isoatus eno.,~ scus cr h4ediaster ~cquali,~ Pterastcr tesselatus C orr~rr,~ o n ~grr~e _.. crinoid sc~. urchin small cushion star sc~ stzr large cushion st~.r .,~urncr ~.c~l A bund~ncc (No. Individuals or No. co!onics}- ZZ9 3 1 Blorn~ss 736 85 Z61 Comments a portion of the v,'as collected the n'~ost abund~.nt soo. st~.r Table 10. Fish Taken by Otter Trawl in the Gulf df Alaska - Site No. 1' Myctophldae Stichaeldae Zo.~r¢idac Scientific Nmme Common Number Standard Length Prcsegved Ind[v~dua~._s (_pr r.ange) {mm~ }V'eiR]:~ (~_nu_ s) ~r°t°myct°phum tho~n s~0~ Bigeye lantern 1 fish Poro¢linus rethrocki ~yc odops ls~ pac ifl¢~ 26.0 0.3 Whiteb~rred 4 35. 0-160 29.4 pricklcb~ck Blackbclly 1 157 0 14.3 celpout ' _Lye odD~_s diaote rus Black eelpout I 101.0 4. Z * Trawl followed m circular pattern around the site. iZ05)on 9 July 1975. Time at depth (570 ft or. I74 rn) '~v~s 45 minutes (llZ0 to Table 11. Benthic and Near Bot,tomlnvcrtebrates Collected by Otter Trawl in the Gulf of Alaska - Site No. Z;:' Por~fcra ~ryozoa Brac~opoda Nemcrtea Annclida Mollusca Arthropoda Scientific Name MvxilI~ inc.,'ustans Ccrebratulus sp. (?) Common Name sponge bryozoan bryozoaa bryozoan bryozoan brachiopod oz' lampshel! nemer tcan '~v or r~ Numerical Abundance (No. Individuals or No. co!chics.) several small S1DC C [~n e~ s 1 1 1 polychacte worm polychacte worm polychaotc worm po!ychaete worm po!ychact¢ worm snail · scallop [sopod crustacean ganimarid amph[pod crangon[d shrimp i 1 29' Thne at depth (602 f~ or !84 m) 15 minu{e's (I635 to 1650 on 9 July !975). B[omass ~ Commen~s .... attached to pebbles .... colony .... colony .... colony .... colony #mmm mmmm · ,, ,,,, ,~ ,mmm worm autotomized into many pieces small specimen often parasitic on fish Only dom[nant.sp.ec[es xvcrc weighed. Table 1 i. .AlaskaBenthic-andsiteNearNo. BottOmz (continued),Invertebrates Collected by Otter Trawl in the GUlf of Irlor °n~'ctra asoerr[rna Ctcnodiscus crispatus ~ furc[ll£~er Numerical Abundance Common iN ~-,~ (NO. Individuals !'~[omass ,-,u~:~non l~arne ~r No. colon[cs. ~ Co~en~s crab l .... brittlcstar crinoid small cushion s~ar -4 312 most abundant epi- benthic organisms one of ,thc most abund- and cpibenthic organ- isn~s by under,rater TV the nlost abundan~ sca star very sn~all specimen Table 1Z. Fish Taken by Otter Trawl in the Gulf of Alaska - Site Number Common Name Indiv[duals Cottidae S~lchacidae Icelus Pot oclinus rothrockl Thorny scuplin '~Vhitebar r ed pricklcback Standard Length 85, 0 159.0 Prescr-~cd 7.3 7.8 Unidcntified fish 1 75.0 . 3.7 Time at depth (602 fL or 184 m) 15 m~nutes (I635 ~o I650) on 9 July 197!;. Table I3. Rank Abundan$? of Benthic and Near Bo'ttorn Organisms Taken by Otter .Trawl Northern Gulf of Alaska' ' Rank Abundance ___(by number ) Scientific Name O_.ph[ ur a sarsii Ctenod[scus crisCatus - C~r angp_n ~abys~ s, qE u_m_ Pandalus jordani Rank Abundance Common Name _(by_biomas s) SITE NO. 1 Tar ittl e s tar 1 small cushion g star shrimp 3 shri~np 4 '6 6- 6 7 8 8 Astarte wiltetti Chionocetes bairdi ~y_n?hq_n g r? s s i p. es Florometra a soer rim~. Laoueus" californlcus Euphausiid shrin~p Qphiopholis bakeri clam tanner crab sea spider crinoid lampshell Brittle sta~ . SITE No. 2 1 0phiu ,r a _s a r~,sj_i__ Brittle s tar Z Cran~.on abyssorum shrim6 3 Laoueu~ s californicus lampshell 4 Ctenodiscus crispatu~ small cushion s~ar * formalin wet weight; only dominant species %vere weighed Scientific Name O_/>hi m.~ sarsi Ctenodiscus cris~atus Pandah s jord_a~j Pteraster tessclatus Oohiur.a sar si~ · Cra ng on_.. abvss orum Common Name brittlestar small cushion star shrimp large cushion star basket star sea star shrimp tanner crab brittle star shrfmp Table 14. _Rank Abundance of Benthic Organisms from Videotapes, Northern Gulf of Alaska* Rank SITE.NO. Scientific Name Oohiura sarsii Ctenodiscus ~ ~lor ometra asperrima 4 ~ishes Unidentifiable Oastropoda 0 or~ on o c, ephalus C UC i~ on'lis Chionocetes bairdi Common Name brittlestar small cushion star crinoid eetpouts, prickle- backs., and one flounder sea pen 5 · snails 6 basket star 7 tanner crab 7 Rank SITE NO. Z Scientific Name Ophiura_ sars[i ]?lor omc tra _a s per r Ctenodiscus crlspatu, s Unid e ntiflable Isostichopus sp. Fishes ~orgonocephalis~ eucnemi s Ch[onocetes bairdi Common Name brittlestar crinoid small cushion st~r sea pen sea cu cumb e r pricklebacks and eclpouts basket star ~ tanner crab Nurn.erical abundance based on ',.3 examinations of each vLdeotape. Figure 4. Bottom photograph taken at Site No..1. Note the octopus (Octorms sp.), half-buried cushion star {Ctenodlscus crispatus), and the numer- ous brittlestars (Ophlura sarsii). .. o. . o. o; . ! :Figure 5. Bottom photograph taken at Site No. 2. A stlchopid holothurian (Isostichopus sp.), open lampshells (.Laqueus californ[cus), - cr~no~.ds (trlorometra asperr~ma), and numerous brittle stars (Ophiura sars[i) can be S e 32 o .. Table ! 5. Densities of Selected Benthic Organisms Based on Bottom Photography No. Photographs_ 6 6 Range of Density** __(No. ind[v. /m Mean Density (No. Z3. Z - 66.6 47.3 Z5.7 - 57.9 44,Z Florometra asperrfma 1 Florometra as,po rri,m~ Z __L~ cp. lifornicus Standard Error .... (~.x} :~6. Z e6.6 1.3 - 6.4 3.7 ~: 1,5 0.48 - 0, 57 0, 53 ~- 0.05 Z, 1 Z, 1 --- 0,5 - 4.1 Z, 1 ~ 1,1 Z 3 3,8- 10. Z. 6,0 * see Methods and Materials sectldn for methods of measurement ** based on the plmtographs in ~vhich the species occurred b~scd on 6 pho~ographs Corrected Mean Dens~ty~ ~No. ~nd~v. 47, 3 44, Z 1,85 0,18 -. 0.4 1.0 3.0 Site Nos. 1 and Z are presented in Table 16. Time did not permit a thorough study of the avi£auna. Statistical .tests were seldo:~n employed in the present study due to the fe%v samples taken. Table 16. Birds and Mammals Observed in the Region of Site Nos. 1- and Z, Gulf of Alaska'" Scientific Name Comnlon Name C omn~e n ts .. Fulmarus g!acialis Unidentified Unidentified Lunda cirrna.a BIRDS Fulrnar Shearwater (Sooty?) Gulls Tufted Puffin Abundar~t Occasional _A fear species, commOn Occasional. L~s sodel,ohis borealis Orcinus orca MA MA/LA LS Right Whale D olphin Pacific Killer Whale few 1 ind[vidual * time did not permit a deailed study of the avifauna. 35 DISCUSSION The study region is characterized by having a net southwestward sur- face current with a velocity of slightly less than 1 km/hr. During winter strong easterly winds transport surface waters northward or shoreward. This causes an intense winter downwelling that flu.shes the continental shelf with relatively cold, low salinity waters. Dur- ing summer weak westerly winds cause a slight southerly transport of surface waters. This results in weak upwelling which brings .warmer, saline waters (not deep waters) on to the shelf. The seasonal variations of sea surface sal~nities, in excess ~of 7 ppt, decrease rapidly with dis- t~nce from the coastline (1Royer, 1975). There is no seasonal halocline on the shelf except in summer. Botto~n salinity reaches a maximum in late summer. The vertical temperature structure contains both rela- tively xvarm and cold cores. Surface waters vary from > 1Z°C in' late summer to< 2°C in spring. Dissolved oxygen levels approach satura- tion ag about 6 ppm although primary production by phytoplankton mz~y raise the value above this level (Longerich and Hood, 1972). ' Salinity values presented in Figures g - 3 are normal fo~'this part of the north Pacific Ocean. Uda (1963) ~ives salinity values of about 30 - 31 ppt for summer surface waters and waters at a depth of 10 meters near the study sites. Salinity of surface waters is lower than that of mid-depth and bottom waters due principally to freshwater run- off from the Bering Glacier and numerous rivers and creeks. Most records show considerable small-scale variation in salinity to a depth of about 200 ft (61 m), because of the variable mixing of freshwater with seawater. T~mperatures of seawater are considerably higher' at the surface than near the bottom. There is a strong temporarythermo- .cline (> 3°C) located between depths of about 13 ft and 95 ft {4 - Z9 m). These temperatures are comparable to t:hose given by Uda (1963) for the same region. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are lower (... 0.9 Ppm less) in surface waters than at middle and bottom depths' ag the two study 36 sites. This is consistent in general with the D.O. profiles presented by Uda (1963), although his ocean station"P" was located at 50°N and 145°W where D.O. values increased only to a depth of about 25 m then gradually 'decreased. This decrease in D.O. in surface waters is the- result of xvarnaer surface temperatures. Uda {1963) presents a D.O. value of about 0.65 mg- atoms/1 (5. Z ppm) for summer waters at a depth of 10 m near our study sites, which is comparable to our values. The highest Secchi disk readings from our data (Table 1) are comparable to those reported by Uda (1963) for the same general region. It is well known that Secchi disk measurements may be unreliable in that reflec- tion of light from the sun off the water causes an underestimation of the clarity of seawater. This was evident in our data since the morning (0600) reading was 4.0 m whereas the mid-day reading was 7.5 m. An afternoon reading taken on the shaded side of the ship gave a depth of 9.0 nu. Thus, the Secchi disk reading may be useful for a rapid and easily made measurement of turbidity but it must be conducted under specified conditions for comparability of data.' _ The bottom sediments of Site Nos. 1 and Z consist primarily of glacially -- · derived fine silts and clays (Tables 2 - 3). This forms a thick layer of grey mud (reportedly Up to about 22 feet thick) at Site No. 1. How- ever, Site No. g contains numercus pebbles just under a l~yer of silt and clay. It also contains occasional cobbies and small boulders on the' surface. 'The s~bstratum is so hard that our Shipek grab sampler failed to obtain an adequate sample of the sediments after three unsuccessful attempts. Moreover, the nose cone of the gravity corer was markedly bent in an attempt to penetrate the substratum at Site No. 2. Iron (Fe) is a common constituent of marine sediment and is essentially nontoxic to organisms. It is carried by rivers to the sea in the form of precipitated metallic coatings and crystalline solids {Gibbs, 1973). Iron often ranges from 4.5%.to 6% by weight in nearshore sediments With given as an average concentration (Chester and Stoner, 1975ab). 'The sediments of Saanich Inlet in British Columbia contained 2. 39 - 5.07%. 37 iron (l~resley et al., 1972). Our values ranged from 4.4 to 4.6% iron which is comparable to rnost data on ocean sediments (Table 4). Although l~exavalent chromium (Ct+6) is most toxic to organisms (in some cases +3 carcinogenic), the less toxic trivalent form (Cr ) is comrnoncs~ in se~- .. wa~er, sediments, and tissues (Krenkel, I974; Mearns, 1974; Siva, 1975). ]Fish are considerably more resistan~ to dichromate than invertebrates. 'There is but little da~a on the lethal and sublethal effects o£ chromium, especially, in sediments. Chro:~ium is transported from rivers ~o ~he ocean in crystalH~e sediments (Gibbs, 1973). The concentration of.chrom- · ium in natural rnar[ne sedirr~ents o£ the ]pacific Ocean ranges from 4 to 93 ppm (Mearns, 1974). In nearshore sediments a range of 34 ~o ~24 ppm' o£ Cr has~ been reported, with a mean of 100 ppm (~,X4earns, 1974; Chester and S~oner, 1975ab).. ]Finer sediments may con,s, in more chrom~.um ~h~n coarses ones (Lu et al., 1975). Our values for chrom~um.varied, from 58 to 68 pprn, which is well vz~hin the normal range. Values of 1000 - 1330 ppm are reported for wastewa~er particula'~e.s in Southern Cali-' forn~a and 3430 pp~r~ in sludge (Young et al., 1973). A value as high as 5.2% for chromium has been recorded for a soil type in Puerto Rico (Wily, 1973). ]Barium (Ba) is a muscle stimulent (espec[ally'hear~ muscle) that is toxic in relatively high concentrations (I4~renkel, 1974). The concentrati'on of barium is markedly higher in sediments below pro- ductive oceanic areas (e_.~., Gulf of Alaska) than in bottom samples be- ' low more barren seas (©oldberg, 1961). ]Barium ranges from2.50 to 1617 ppm in nearshore sediments, with a mean value of 750 ppm (Chester and S~oner, 1975ab). The mean value for the A~lan~ic deep-sea ~s 700 ppm (Chester and Stoner, 1975b). Our values for barium range from 2.61 to . 314 pprn and are within the normal range. . The maximum concentration of phy~oplanl~ton (principally diatoms) in the northeastern l~ac~f[c occurs at a depth of about 75 m, at ~he top of the halocline (McAilis~er et al' , 1960). ]Primary productivity measures 7 mg C/m3/day or about 200 mg C/~n2/day and is derived almos~ entirely frorn ultraplankton.,, which pass through plankton nets. l~rimary prod~ctiv- it¥ varies maximally Six-fold in this area. Grazing of phy~opla'nk~on by 38 zooplankton is believed to be largely' responsible for maintain~ng a rela- tively constant but somewhat low standing crop of phytoplankton. Appro×l- rna%rely 80 - 90~0 of particulate organic matter in the waters is detrital, presumably of animal origin, and this forms the bulk of potential energy resources in the area. The species are s~milar to those reported pre- viously for subarctic %vaters off Alaska (see B~kus, 1976, for a biologi- cal discussion on the Gulf of Alaska). Venrick (1971) discussed recur- rent groups of diatom species .in the North Pa.cific. Our study, area lies in the Central Subarctic Don~ain in which occur three recurrent species groups in winter and four in summer. The inter specific associat[0ns are.relativcly stable. The decrease in species groups during'winter is attributed to decreased production coupled with increased turbulence.' Phytoplankton found at the study sites arc common represented-ives (lqita I4orner, personal communication). The species composition of zooplankton is relatively uniform throughout the year, xvith exotic individuals appearing only occasionally. Copepods 'form the bulk of the zooplankton (Le Brasseur, 1965). S~anding crops are minimal from December to trebruary.. The b~omass begins to in- crease in March, reaching a maximum in l%iay ("sprin~ blOom") a-t 50°N latitude, then decreases. A second population increase ("fall bloom") occurs in August in some years. Copepods in surface waters gre domin- ant during April through June; arnphipods predominate from July through September. The copepod Calanus Dlumchrus is dominant by biornass.. The crustacean l°arathe~isto .oaciflca is the most numerous a~nphipod, especially in surface tows. There do not appear to be any obvious sea- sonal patterns in the populations of euphausiids, chaetognaths, and cephalo- pods (not true wi~h respect to' euphausiid ~.bundance or even species com- position at tin~es, according to ]Dr. Richard 1Dieper, personal cOmmunica- ~ion). 'ThiS phenomenon led Fager and McGowan (1963) ~o conclude that the commonly measured properties of seawater are not closely related to differences in the abundances of organisms. They suggested that either the organlsms are reacting to a complex of factors, including the history of the water, or that the usual hydrographic procedurss are 39 inadequate from a biological viewpoint. Our findh~gs (Tables 5 - 6) gen- erally coincide with those just mentioned except that there may be a slight plankton population lag at 60°N latitude relative to 50°N latitude, since spring and summer commence somewhat later at the more northern lo- cality. The. species composition of zooplankton at Site Nos. 1 and 2 are virtually' the same as those discussed by Le Brasseur (1965) for Ocean Station P at 50°N latitude. Grab samples show a preponderance of polychaete worms and bivalve mol- luscs (2Fable 7). ']This is usually tS~pical of the infauna and mud on continen- . t~l shelves. ~he infauna represented by our sa~r~ples are common represen- tatives (~red Plltz, polychaete specialist, Allan Hancock ]Foundation, Uni- versify of Southern California, personal communication; and see Hartman, 1948; Semenov, 1965 and Morris, 1966). The number of species in the grab samples ranged from 6 to 12 and the nurnber of individuals (including fragments) from 8 to 19. A total of 22 species was ~aken in the six grab samples which comprised 27 liters of sediment. Shannon-~Veaver diversity calculations (H') varied from 1.7 for grab sample 5 to Z.3 for grab sample 1. This lndicates that the species diversity is somewhat low (H' normally ranges from 0 to 5), - based on the few small samples taken. ]Feder and A4ueller (1975) have found · on the continental shelf (z_z 200 n~) between Resurrection Bay and Ym~utat, Alaska, that 44%0 of the animal species are annelid worms and ZS~ are molluscs, ~he bivalves comprising 59~ of the molluscs. The highest standing crops of - benthic ani~nals' are associated with rocky areas and muddy sand with incorpor- ated gravel and pebbles. The northern Gulf of Alaska benthic fauna is domln- ated by detritus feeders (Semenov, 1965). An analysis of th~ da~a from a b~cket dredge sample shows that 48~/0 of the animal species are annelid ~vorms and 24~0 are molluscs (Table 8). These {zalues are very similar to .those re- ported from grab samples by Feder and Mueller (1975). Dominance by bio ' m~ss would also include brachiopods (Laqueus) at Site No. 2. The number of species in the bucket dredge sample (30.1itersi at Site No. 2 was 21 and ~he number of individuals (including fragments) ~vas 41. A Shannon-~Veaver . . d~versity calculation (H') gave a value of 2.8. 4O · Tables 9 - 1Z present the results of two otter trawl collections, one at each site. More species xvere taken at Site *o. 1 than Site No. Z cause the tra~vling time for the former (45 minutes) was three times as long as that of the latter. In reality, there should be greater diversity · at Site No. Z due to the increased heteogeneity of its substratum (i.e., sediment, pebbles, and cobbles). The number of species of animals taken by otter tra~vl at Site ~o.- . 1 was 35 for invertebrates and 4 for fish- es, which gives a total of 39 species (1579 specimens) and a Shannon- ~Yeaver index value (H') of 1.2. At Site No. 2 the otter traxvl collected Z1 species of invertebrates and 3 species of fishes for a total of 24 species (517 specinnens) and a Shannon-\Veaver index value (H') of 0. 7. These data indicate a loxv diversity of epifauna and nectobenthic fauna. The brief trawling time (to avoid snagging the trawl on large rocks) is reflected in part in the very low H' value for Si~e NOo 2. The fauna' 'is typically cold temperate and many of the species found there are also taken in the San Juan Islands, y~rashington (see I4ozloff, 1974). The only outstanding exception is the abundance of the small cushion star .(Ctenodlscus crispa, t!~) in the northern Gulf of Alaska and its apparent absence from the San Juan Islands, although it occurs in deep water as far south as l~anama (Verrlll, 1914). - The dominant organisms are listed in Table 13. I~rittlestars and small cushion stars are by far the most nu~r~erous animals. This was reported : previouSly by Se~nenov (1965), the National ~[arine Fisheries Service (Seattle, Washington) Tordenskjold cruise 61-1 (station Nos. 177- 178), and Max' lUloberg (Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska; personal communication) vzho collected marine organisms from near our study sites just prior to our arrival. Feder and Mueller (1975) found that echino- derms constitute 6% of the benthic species in the northern Gulf of Alaska and that 62% of-these are brittlestars. Crustaceans comprise 19% and molluscs 25% of the benthic species, of which 35% of the molluscs are snails. The re- maining benthic organisms were discussed prcviously. Organisms traxvled frona Site iNo. 1 co~0aprise (by species composition) 22% echinoderms, i9~{ polychaetes, 16% curstaceans, 14% ~nolluscs, 11% fishes, and a final 18% con- 41 slsting of 5 phyla. ~_~chinoderms contributed 79%, c~-ustaceans 15%, and seven remaining phyla 6% of the total invertebrate biomass. The deposit- feeding brittlestar Omhiura sarsii alone contributed at least 40% of the eplbenthic invertebrate biomass. The trophic structure (based on species composition of invertebrates) is represented by 50% filter feeders, deposit feeders, 19% carnivores, 6% scavengers and 3% facultative ecto- parasites. This reflects the availability of large amounts of detritus as the prime energy source in these waters. It is not uncommon to find numerous brlttlestars in marine xvaters. For example, Thorson (1957) reports that Aml>huira (brittlestar) -dominated comrnunities often contain 400 - 500 brittlestars/mZ. T. he benthic fauna at our study site is not particula 108 species of benthic animals c of Alaska (depth 44 - 1182 m) be cer, south of Yakutat Bay. The ern region, ho~vever, was about and western regions. fly diverse. Semenov (1965) found only o~nprising 37 communities in ~he Gulf tsveen the Kenai Peninsula and Cape Spen- mean b[omass (48.5 g/mZ) of the north- three times as rich as that of the eastern Fish captured in the two otter trav,~ls are listed' in q[ables l0 and 1Z. A total of ten telost (bony) fish ~ere taken. No hagfish or la~preys (Agnatha) or cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthys) were present in the trawls. 1Represen- tatives of these latter t%v° groups ,,vere absent in videotapes and. i'n the still photographs. Pictures of a number of bony fish, ho~vever, were captured on videotape and with still photography. Although definite identifications of ~hese fish to species are not possible, the one flatfish is most probably of ~he family Pleuronectidae (right-eyed flounders), and the otters'of the fami- lies Stichaeidae (pricklebacks, probably the white-barred prickleback, Poro- . clinius rothrocki) and Zoarcidae (eelpouts) These identifications are based on fish size and morphylogy, and upon species collected by otter trawl. The flatfish observed on videotape appears to be approxlmately'lZ inches in length. One add{tional teleost fish, photographed at Site 2 has not been ~dentified to date, but may belong to the rockfish family (Scorpaenidae) .... ... 42 The ]Bigeye lantern fish (a midwater species) are commonly taken in British Columbia waters below 600 - 900 feet (183 - 274 m) and British Columbia records indicate captures from 93 - 20?9 feet (28 - 634 m). It is generally found in deeper waters (%¥ilimovsky, 1954; IYart, 1973) than where the present specimen was taken. This lantern fish is known to range froxr~ Baja California, north through the Gulf of Alaska to the Bering Sea (Quest & Hall, 1972; Hart, 1973). Pricklebacks (Stichaeidae) are circumboreal bottom fishes (t-Iart, 1973). The white- barred prickleback is found from Southern California to the Bering Sea at depths from 25 to 70 fathoms (46 - 128 m) (Quest & Hall, 197Z; I-Iart, 1973). Individuals taken and observed in the presen~ survey were found at depths· of 95 - 100 fathoms (174 - 184 m). This may indicate a slight vertical range extension for this species. Btackbelly e¥1pouts are distributed from .~.nsenada, Baja California to the Gulf oflAias~a. Their depth dis- tribution naay_be a function of latitude . (Hart, 1973). In California this species is found at around 1300 feet (396 m), in British Columbia at 60 to 720 feet (18 - Z20 m) and in Alaska down to 342 feet (104 m) (t-tart, 1973). In the present survey they were taken at depths of from 570 to 60Z feet (174 .- 184 m). This is almost twice the depth reported for this --. species by Grinols (1965) for Alaskan waters. Hart (1973) reports their common food as bivalve m. olluscs with' polychaete worms, arnphipods, small crabs and brittlestars as less important items. The thorny sculpin is found froTM northern British Columbia to the Bering Sea (I-Iart, 1973).. The fish taken in our tra~vls represent-5 families and 6 species. They are all'considered demersal species except for t'he.b[geye lantern fish (Protom¥c_- ~o~h~ thom~soni), and with the tavo exceptions, were found within their kno~vn geographic range and depth distributions. Alverson (1968) l~sts the · . ten most frequently encountered fish ~_.e., number of times taken im trawl hauls) and those ten species that are numerically the most abundant in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. tNone of the fish taken in our tra~vls, except .. - for perhaps the ~atfish, are among those listed as most common b'y verson .(1968). Results of the National Marine Fisheries Service explore- 43 tory fishing drags in the Gulf of Alaska by the Research Vessel Torden- skjo!d (CruiSe 61-1) showed that Pacific halibut, ~l~ippoglossus stenolepl._s; Pacific cod, Gadus ma~c...rocepha!us; turbot {Arrowtooth flounder), Atheres- thes stomias; Pacific Ocean perch, Sebastes alutus; skates, Family Raj[- dae, and hermit and tanner crabs were the predominant organisms, There are low standing crops of commercial species at Site Nos. 1 and Z, based on our limited san~pling. Only 5 small tanner crabs and about a pint of panda!id shrimps were collected, and not a single species of commercially important fish. The lo~v incidence Of tanner crabs is veri-' lied by underwater television and bottom photographs. Although commer- cial species such as Pacific Ocean perch, flathead sole, pollock, and turbot have been taken from this area (National l~arine Fisheries Ser- vice, Seattle, Washington, Tordenskjold cruise 61-1, stations 177- 178, collected in September), fishes constituted only about 4~/~ by weight of. the-dominant organisms taken in ~he past by otter trawls. Videotapes of fish impr. ints on the seafloor at Site Nos. 1 and~2 suggest that fishes are not uncommon there, but only one fish of possible current comn~er- cial value was observed'(i.e., a flounder). The major predators on 'benthic. invertebrates are frequently fi'sh. Species such as the flatheacl sole feed on brittle stars. Pollock feed on euphausiid and penaeid shrimps. Shrimp, polychaetes and crustaceans are the most valuable fish food in. boreal waters, ophuiroids containing very-little food matter {3.7% dry organic matter - see Thorson, 1957). The following consist of natural history observations based on videotapes: the brlttlestar Ophiura sarsii v/ere often flat on the substratum with arms outspread. Sometimes their arms would curl upward at the tip end. 'They seldom moved. Occasionally they were partially buried beneath the sub- . · 'stratum. The small cushion star Ctenodiscus crispatus was frequently observed on the surface of the substr'gturn but also buried in sediment, sometimes almost completely. They displayed no motion. Shrimp .- ,. - _ (Crg_q_~n aby-ssorum and Pandalus jordani) were observed on a number of occasions, often rapidly swimming around thc steel frame that held the" 44 videocamera. Basket stars (Oorgono.cephalus eucnemis).~vere often moving, their n~any sn~all branched arms curling. White sea pens (Ptilosarcus?) ranged in size from about 0.3 m to almost Z meters long,, and were often slightly leaning. Tanner crabs (Chlonocetes bairdi) were small, and were occasionally observed running over the surface of the substratum. Crinoids (trlorometra asperrlma) were generally stationary With arms outspread and lifted off the substratum. Brachiopods (h~aqueFs californlcus) were apparently insensitive to . light, their shells ren~aining open at all times. Numerous polychaete worm tubes Were observed when the pan and tilt camera viewed the sub- stratum from an angle. Holothurians (Isostichor~us sp.) left fecal cords but no tracks on the bottom photographs. A number of grooves in the sediment were probably created by moving snails. Holes may have been created by crabs. Fishes were very sensitive to light in general, many of them darting away, leaving only a cloud of suspended sediment on the videotape. Underxvater television is very useful as an instrument in surveying ben- thic organisms, for the .[.n.,.situabundance and distribution of many larger species can be ascertained. A some~vhat different plctu~e of the 'rank ' ' abundance of organisms is obtained from videotapes than wi'th conven- tional methods of sampling the benthos. For example, the crinoid · Floromc~ra ranks sixth in numerical abundance by otter 'trawl sampling - at Site No. 1 (Table 13) but third by videotape monitoring (Table 14). At Site No. 2 videotapes indicate that it is the second most abundant animal ~vhereas otter trawl sampling sho~s ~hat the shrimp Cra~gpn ~byssorum is second. Crangonid shrimps might avoid the television camera, be missed by the observer, or may not be identifiable when · seen. The different rank abundances are due to the fact that crinoids .. often break when snared by the otter trawl, and they then pass thrOugh the mesh of the net. There is only one record of a piece of a sea pen in our otter trawl hauls (Table 9) whercas this animal is relativ, ely common in the videotapes. It is seldom coltectcd by ottcr trawl because the trawl sinaply bends the sea pen do%vn to thc sUbstratum Or breaks it into 45 small pieces.. ~fhe ~hipek grab sampler only rare~f would collect these organisr~s because it takes such a small sample of the seafloor. Shrimp were relatively abundant in sonde areas as seen by videotape but the o~ter trawl snared comparatively few because they often escape from thc mouth of the trawl, as do fish. Motile organisms such as shrimp may be attracted by under~vater lights. Stichopid holothurians ~vere found to be com~.~on in sozrie areas near Site i~To. Z by videotape yet were never taken by otter traxvl, in part due to the brief trawling time. A gorgonian and a hermit crab each was observed on one occasion mt Site No. 1 but not collected by otter traxvl. A concluding point worth mentioning is that the number of organisn~s viexved by videotape is in large part a function of how often and how carefully the viexver has screened the tapes, as well as the availability of collected material to male the observer cognizant of the fact that certain species do occur in the study region. Bottom photographs provided yet another method of ascertaining the occurrence, distribution, and abundance of benthic organisms. Black and white photographs can provide a clear'representation of organisms on the seafloor. They are often superior to color photographs because there is relatively little color in benthic'organisrr~s at the study sites and the resolution of black and v.,hite film is somevzhat more desirable · than that .of color film. The 35 mm camera, ho'~vever, missed many of ~:he organisms observed by videotape since exposures ~vere taken only once every !0 or 15 seconds' On the other hand, orga'nisms ~vere found in photographs that were not detected on videotape (_e._g.~ Octop~}s sp.). As %vithvideOtapes., the number of organisms observed.is related to the ~ime spent and care %aken in examining the negatives and positive proofs. In conclusion, each sampling or observation technique adds certain ad- vantages .by increasing the probability that new organisms %vili be detected. The value of television monitoring a~d bottom photographs lies not only with the detection of gre'ater numbers of species, but with observations on the detailed nature of ~he substratum itself. The bottom photographs indicate that the density of the brittlestar_C)ph.i...ur.a sarsii is comparable at Site Nos. 1 and Z (Table 15}. It is evident that the sn~all cushion star Ctenodiscus crispatus is 'considerably more abund- ant at Site No. 1 than at Site No. 2 and that the crinoid Florometra asoer- rime is more abundant at Site No. 2 than at Site No. 1. The lampshell _Laqueus californicus is considerably more abundant at 'Site No. 2 than at Site No. 1. These results are consistent xvith those obtained by otter trawling and especially with underwater television. This distribution. probably is related to the type of substratum found. Si-~e No.. 2 contains pebbles which allow t~loron~etra and La~ueus to attach and pre,tnt Cteno- discus from burrowing. /¥~oreover, small.i.~a.que.u,s often are attached. to larger ones. Grassle e._.t _a_!l. (1975) studied the bathyal megafauna (i_;_e. , animals read- ily visible in bottom photographs) by submersible'at depths of 500, 1000, 1300, 1500, and 1800 meters on the Gay Head - Bermuda transect. They concluded that relative to the macrofauna, the megafauna provided virtu- ally no information on density and diversity in the deep sea. l¥ithin a -single depth, the dominant pattern of species distribution was random, both between and within individual photographs. A regula-r pattern'was found in the brittlestar _Ophiomusium lyrnapi and an aggregated pattern ~ni(ni-1) in the sea urchin. Using Morista's distribution index, IN(N-l) , it' was found that the distribution' of Olohiura sarsii in our study area is regu- lar (+0. 18 at Site Nos. 1 and 2), Ctenodiscus .cr~spatus is regular (+0.38 · at Site No. 1 and +0.48 at Site No. Z), Florornetra asmerrima is aggre- gated (+2.2 at Site No. 2), and La?fu_eus californicus is more strongly · aggregated (+6.5 at Site No. Z}. These calculated di'stributions are com- parable to those inferred from bottom phot. ographs and videotapes. There are about 110 species of marine birds representing 15 families'in the Gulf of Alaska. The northern Gulf alone contains an estin~ated 48 n~il- t[on birds. Son-~e 26 species of marine rnarnrnats occur in the Gulf'corn- . prising 9 species of large whales, 11 species of porpoise's, 5 spec[es of pinnipeds,' and the sea otter (Dr. Gerald 7%. Sanger, Gulf of .Alaska Synnpos.- ium, Anchorage, October 16 - 17, 1975). Our casual observations indicate commonly observed representatives and abundanccs in the study area. 47 SUM1vL4R Y AND CONCLUSIONS An oceanographic and marine biological survey xvas conducted at a depth of 570 to 602 feet (174 - 184 m) on 8 - 9 July 1975, approximately 14 nautical miles off the Bering Glacier, Gulf of Alaska.. Salinity varied · from 31 ppi a.t the surface to 33 ppi at the bottom and temperature i1.5°C at the surface to 6°C at the bottom. A strong-thermocline (>3°C) occur- red at a depth of 4 to 29 rn (13 -'95 fi). Dissolved oxygen ranged from. 4 ppm at the surface to almost 6 pprn near the bottom. The maximum Secchi disk reading was 9.m. These oceanographic data are compar- able to published values for the same region. Profiles of the seafloor were made with an echosounder. Bottom sedi- ments consisted principally of glacially-derived fine grey silts and clays afl both sites. Pebbles and small cobbles occurred at Site No. 2, in addition. Bottom sediments contained 62 - 65% solids, and an average of 4% iron, 74 ppm chromium, and 289 pprn barium, based on dry xveight. These values are comparable to published data for the oceans. The major phytoplankton populations consisted of diatoms' (Chaetoceros, Corethron, Thalassio~hrl×) and dinof!agellates (Ceratium, Peridlniun~). The dornins~nt zooplankton comprised copepods (Calanus, l%~etridia, O~thona). Relative rank abundances of zooplankton are presented. Grab samples contained a predominance of polychaete worms (Nothria) and bivalve molluscs (Astarte). The species diversity was sornewha, t low (H' =' 1.7 to Z. 3, number of species from 6 to 12, total number of species for the 6 grab samples was 22) and based on few samples. The single bucket dredge sa~r~ple taken from Site No. 2 contained a pre- dornlnance (by blomass) of brachiopods (Lac, ueus), bivalve molluscs (Astarte) and polychaete worms. Polychaete worms comprised 48~ and molluscs ?~4% of the species. The species diverslty was moderate (II' = Z.8, number of spec'les was 21). 48 Ot~er trawl samples indicate that the n~os-t dominant epibenthic species (by nurnerical abundance and biomass) at both sites was the bri[tlcstar. .Ophiura sarsli. The second most dominant speCies was the small cushion star Ctenodiscus ~atus at .Site No. 1 and the shrimp ~abyssorum at Site INo. Z. The otter /'ra%vl at Site lXJo. 1 contained (by species composition) 22~0 echinoderms, 19%0 polychaetes, 16% crusta- ceans, 14~% molluscs, 11% fishes, and a remaining 18%~ comprising five. phyla. Echinoderms contributed 79~0, crustaceans 15~'~, and seven remain- ing phyla 6~0 of thc total invertebrate biomass. The'depo. sit--feeding brittle- star Ophiura sarsii alone congributed at least 40~ of the epibenthic inverte- brate biomass. The trophic structure is represented by 50% fil~er feed- ers, gZc~0 deposit feeders, 19% carnivores,' 6°/~ scavengers, and 3~% facuI- ~ative ectoparasites, reflecting the availability of large amounts of detri- tus as the prime energy source. Ten captured teleost fish (.6 species} comprised pricklebacks ·(Family Stichaeidae) and eelpouts (Family Zoar- cidae). %'he benthic fauna is not particularly diverse (Site No. 1 otter trawl: ' Iq' = 1. Z, number of species is 39). This characterlst~c is typical of most rnacrofauna of higher latitude shelf waters. Re]~ativ~ly few species · and individuals of commercial importance xvere found. This is consistent with the results fronq previous studies. The northern Gulf of Alaska ben- thi.c fauna is dominated by detritus feeders. Although certain commer- cially important fi~shes consume brittles~ars, they contain little food value. Shrimp, polychaete -~vorms and crustaceans usually serve .as the major food resources for demersal fish in boreal %raters. Under%rater television is useful in that it shoxvs in situ abundances and dis- tributions of most epibenthic organisms. This produces somewhat differ- enf ranks of abundance from that obtained by otter trawling, and consider-. able differences from th&t obtained by grab sarnp!ing. Black and white . photographs of the seaf!°or are useful for the sa~ne'reasons. Both under- water television and bottona photographs indicate the detailed nature of' the substratum and sho.xv species not observed by any other sampling method. The value of these visual methods is a function of the tirne spent in exam- ing videotapes and photoorapns. Bottom photographs gave the following corrected mean densities per square meter at li{.te lXlos. 1 and 2, re- spectively: ,0Phlt,~ra sarsii (47.3 and 44. Z), Ctenodiscus .c..rispat,?.!s (1.85 and 0. 18), t~lorometra as~oerrima (0.4 and 1.0), and__La_queu_s cali£orni- cus (3.0 at Site No. Z). The distribUtion of Ophiura sarsi{ and Cteno- discus crispatus is regular (uniform) whereas it is aggregated for Florornetra asperrima and ~aqueus californicus. This is related in part %0 substratum type. Fulmars, gulls, shearxvaters, Tufted Puffins, Right \Vhale Dolphins, and a l~ac~.fic Killer Y/hale were observed in the study area. The most abundant homother~n ~vas the Fulmar. 50 A CKNO%VLEDGEMENTS _Appreciated is the help offered by the folloxving persons: Captain Guy. Crooks and crevz of the RA!A~quisi~ion; Rush Morgan, James M. Russell III, and employees of Aquatronics, Houston, for logistical and shipboard support; Nick Mueller, Hydro Products, San Diego and Bill lvic t~lroy, Benthos, Inc.., North t~almouth, for technical aid with oceanographic equipment, television, and bottom photography; Robin A. Chlupach, ]National lvfarine Fisheries Service, Anchorage, for shipboard help' and transparencies; Dr. Frank B. Chrnelik, U. S. Oeological Survey,' chorage, for general oceano~"aphic~ information and ~ransparencies; 1RAta Florner, UniverSity of l'Vashington, for identifying phytoplankton; ]Norm Shields, Tetra Tech, Inc., for identifications and a discussion of zooplankton and sediment analyses; Dr. Cadet I-Iand, University of Call- . . fornia at Berkeley, for identifying sea anemones; Dr. ]Frederick Bayer, Smithsonian Institution, for identifying sea pens; Dr. lVilliam Banta, American University, %Vashington, D.C. for identifying bryozoans; Fred lmiltz, Allan Hancock Foundation, University of. Southern California for identifying polychaetes; Dr. James FI. McLean, Los Angeles County ]VIuseum of Natural Flistory for identifying pycnogonids; Dr. Richard Brusca, Allan I-tancock ]Foundation for identifying gam.marid arnphipods, Jane~ Haig, Allan I-Iancock Foundation, for identifying shrimp, Dr. John S. Garth, Allan Hancock Foundation, for identifying crabs; Dr.' James California Academy of Sciences, for identifying ophiuroids; Dr. David l~axvson, Smithsonian Institution, for identifying echinoids and crinoids;. ~Iaureen Doxvney for identifying asteroids; Dr. Charles L~[mbert, Depar~- men~ of Biology, California State Univ-ersity at ]Fullerton, for identifying ascidians. James Dittmar, Tetra Tech, Inc., helped ~vith project manage- me'n~, counting and xveighing invertebrate specimens, and editing video- tapes. Mr. 5Vayne S. Estes and ~r. Mickey Sexton, Atlantic Richfield Company, Anchorage, aided us ~vith logistical support; June To~olo anct Diane Johnston of ~etra ~fech, Inc. and ¥ivian I~rubake~' of the Atlantic'" Rich£i¢ld Company provided us with exceptional secretarial help, for which we are grateful. Dr. June Siva, Atlantic Richfield Comapny, aided us with references on metals in marine sediments. Drs. Kristian Fauchald and Richard Pieper,Atlan t-!ancock ]Foundation, University of Southern California, kindly read the manuscript. 52 LIT ER A 37 UR ,F. C IT t~D Alverson, D. L. 1968. Fishery resources in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, p. 86- 101', in: Gilbert, D. (ed.). 1968. The Future o£ the Fishery Industry of the U. S. , University of ~'Vashington Publ. in Fish. - Ne~v Ser. Mol. Bakus, G.J.. (Project Manager). 1976. National Commission on%%rate~ Quality Study Areas Ii and VI-C. Water Quality Analysis and En- vironmentalAssess~ments - GuLf- of Alaska. Final Report..January, 1976. Chester, R. and J. H. Stoner. 1975a. Trace elements in sediments from the lower Severn Estuary and Bristol Channel.. Mar. Poll. Bull. 6 (16): 92 - 95. Chester, R. and J. FI. Stoner. 1975b. Trace elements in totalparti- culate material from surface sea water. Nature ZZS: 50 - 51. Environmental ]Protection Agency. ~974. Methods for C-heroical Analysis of l. Vater and Wastes. EPA-625-/6-74-003. Office of Technology Transfer, \¥ashington, D.C. Feder, ti. M.. and G. Mueller; Northeast Gulf of Alaska: port. 1975.. Environmental Assessment of the Benthic Biology. First Year Final Re- Fager, E. W. and J. A. McGoxvan. 1963. Zooplankton species groups in the North Pacific. Science 140:453 - 460. 53 Gibbs, R. J. 1973. Mechanisms of trace metal transport in rivers. Science 180:71 - 73. Goldberg, E. D. 196 1. Cycles of Organic and Inorganic Substances. Chemistry in the Ocean. p. 583 - 597, in: Sears, M. (ed.). 1961. Oceanography. AAAS Publ. No. 67. Grassle, J. F., Sanders, H.L., Hessler, R. R., Rowe, G. T' and T. McLean. 1975. Pattern and z'onation: A study of the bathyal megafauna using the research submersible Alvin. Deep-Sea Res. 2Z (7): 457- 482. Grino!s, R.' ]3. 1965. Checklist of the Offshore Marine Fishes Occur- ring in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean, principally off the Coasts of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. M. S. Thesis. Univ. Washington. Hart, J. L. 1973. Pacific Fishes of Canada. Fish.-ires. Bull. 180:1 - 740. Hartman, O. 1948. The polychaetous annelids of Alaska. Z(1): 3 - 58. Bd. Canada Pac. Sci. Holme, N. A. and A. D. Mclntyr. e. 1971. Methods for the Study of the · Marine Benthos. International Biological Program Handbook No. 16. Blackwell Scientific Publications,- Oxford. . Kozloff, E. N. 1974. Keys to the Marine Invertebrates of Puget .Sound, the San Juan Archipelago, and Adjacent Regions., Univ.-lVashlng- ton Press, Seattle. IKrenkel, P. A. 1974. Sources and Classifications of lVater Pollutants. p. 197- 219, in: N. I. Sax (ed.) Industrial Pollution..Van 1Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1974. 54 Le Brasseur, iR. J. 1965. Seasonal and annual variations of net zoo- plankton at Ocean Station 1~, 1 ~' - . 9~o 1964. Fish. Res. Bd Canada Manuscript Rept. Ser. (Ocean.-and Limnol.) No. 202:1 - 33. Lu, J. C. S., Lee, M. C. Y., and If. Y. Chen. 1975. The Effects of Envir'onmental Variables on the lqelease of Trace Contaminants and Nutrients from Marine Sediments. p. 776 - 777, in: Yen, T. F. (ed.). Chemistry of ~¥Iarine Sediments. Ann Arbor Science, _Ann Arbor. In press (preprint). Longerich, L. and D. ¥;. Hood. 1972. Chemical oceanography of the Gulf of Alaska. p. 23 - 56 in: D. FI. Rosenberg (ed.). A Review of the Oceanography and Renewable lqesources of' the Northern Gulf of Alaska. Instit. Mar. Sci., Univ. Alaska 1Rept. 1RTZ - 23. McAllister, D. C., Parsons, T. R., and J. D. H. Strickland. 1960. Prin~ary productivity and fertility at Ocean Station "P" in the northeast Pacific Occan. 3. Cons. Perm. Int. Explor. ~X4er.. ZS: 24O - 259. A~earns, A. J. 1974. Toxicity Studies on Chromium. p. 15 - 18, in: Coastal ~,¥a£er Research ProjecL Annual Report for t. he Year Ended 30 July. 1974. Southern C&liforn[a Coastal ~Vater Research' Project. Morris, P. A. I-Iaiwa ii. 1967. A Field Guide to Shells of the Pacific Coast and Houghton Mifflin Co. , Boston. -Pre-sley, B.J., Ko!odny, Y., iNissenbaum, A., and I. R. Koplan. 1972. Early diagenesis, ina reducing fiord, Saanich Inlet,. British Colum- bia. II. Trace elen~ent distribution in interstitial water and sedi- ment. Goechem. & Cosmochem. A cra 36: 1073 - 1090: 55 Quast, J. C. and E. L. Hall. 1972. List of Fishes of Alaska and Ad- jacent Waters with a Guide to Some of Their Literature. NOAA Tech. Rept. NMFS SSRF-658. July 1972. R oyer, T. C. 1975. Seasonal variations of waters in the northern Gulf of Alaska. Deep-Sea Res. 22:403 - 416. Semenov, U. N. 1965. Quantitative Distribution of Benthic Fauna of the Shelf and Upper Part of the Slope in the Gulf Of Alaska. Tr. UNIRO 58:49 - 77. Translations fron-~ Russian. Israel Pro~. 'Sci. Trans. 1968, 33 p. Siva, J.L. 1975.. Chromium toxicity to aquatic organisms: A review of the literature. Atlantic Richfield Company, Los Angeles, Manuscript. Thorson, G. 1957. Bottom Communities. p. 461- 534, in: Hedgpeth, J. W. (ed.). Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology. V. Ecology. Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 67. Uda, M. 1963. Res. Bd. Oceanograp.hy of the s'ubarctic Pacific Ocean. Canada 20 (1): 119 - 179, J. Fish. Venrick, E. L,. Pacific. 1971. Recurrent groups of diatom species in the North Ecol. 52 (4): 614 - 625. Yerrill, A, E. 1914. Monograph of the shallow-water starfishes of the North Pacific Coast from the Arctic Ocean to California.. Smith- soniantnstit. HarrimanAlaska Set. Vol. 14. 56 %riley, N{. A. 1973. Chromiu~n - Envirom~ental Protection Agency Re- port. EPA Effluent S~a.ndards and \¥ater Quality Information Ad- visory Committee %Vorkshop. June 11, 19-73. Arlington, ¥irg[n[a. Manuscript. · V;ilimovsky, ~. J. 1954. List of the fishes of Alaska. Stanford IchthyI. Bull. 4 (5): 279 - Z94. Young, D. R., Young, C. S., and G. ]E. Hlavka. 1973. Sources of trace metals from highly organized Southern California to the adjacent marine ecosystem, p. Z1- 39' in: M. G. Curry and G. 1Vi. Giglio~i (eds.)~ Cycling and Control of Metals. National Environmental search Center, Cincinnati. February 1973. 57 A{lyich~ieldCornpany North Arner?"'~ Producing Division Alaska R egi'~,,, Post Office Box 360 Anchorage, Alaska 99.510 Telephone 907 277 5637 J.P. Johnson South Alaska District I~;lanager January 19, 1976 Mr. Michael C. T. Smith, Director Division of Lands Department of Natural Resources 323 East Fourth Anchorage, Ak. 99501 Dear Mr. Smith: Atlantic Richfield Company, Operator for a 26 member group formed to drill a deep stratigraphic test well in the Gulf of Alaska, is pleased to file with the Department of Natural Resources the following well data for the Gulf of Alaska C.O.S.T. Well #1: 1) Blueline print of the following electric logs. a) b) c) d) 3) 2" and 5" Dual Induction Logo 2" and 5" Borehole Compensated Sonic Log 2" and 5" ARCo corrected Sonic Log 5" Compensated Formation Density Log 5" Compensated Neutron - Formation Density Log 2) Blueline print of Baroid Mud Log 3) Geological wellsite cuttings sample description for inter~al 1500-5150 feet 4) Microfossil reports from Anderson, Warren & Assoco - consulting Micropaleontologists a) Foraminifera Report b) Calcareous Nannoplankton Report c) Siliceous Microfossil Report d) Palynology Report e) Ditch Sample Diversity Plot f) Species Range Chart g) Calcareous and Siliceous Microplankton Cenozoic Correlation Chart 5) Geochemistry Report from GeoChem Laboratories, Inc. Mr. Michael C. T. Smith, Page 2. 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) Vitrinite Reflectance Analysis by ARCo. Elemental Analyses for samples Daily Drilling Record Videotape Oceanographic and Marine Biological Survey We are filing the enclosed data in sealed envelopes with the request and understanding that the. data will be kept confidential in accordance with the provisions of AS 38.05.035(a) (9) until release of such data is authorized by Atlantic Richfield Company. Items 9 and 10 above are not confidential. While we are happy to cooperate with you in this matter, we are constrained to note that we are filing %he enclosed data as a courtesy and not because of any obligation. The submittal of these data should not be construed as a commitment on our part to make such filings in the future. Notwithstanding, you can be assured of our continuing interest in cooperating with the Division of Lands. Very truly yours, P./~/Johnson ~ JPJ: JJD: mf Encls. I hereby acknowledge receipt of the above listed info~.~on. Michael C. T. Smith, DireCtor Department of Natural Resources Date'
